356 lines
40 KiB
XML
356 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E0CA886964CE76E4DD7290DC1489FB55">Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe, with redescriptions of species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C33F6213EC1D6A36CAAD00BEB386BC1F">Ryland, John S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="481CEA8470BDE780E17B1E1C22DCF0EF">Lord, Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="509C3022D5FBEF9DAA4CBDB92DC6A775">Mackie, Joshua A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="5227A83F52F57A191A734A41A87CCAC5">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E6A433576AFFA76E9D115FFD9BFE25" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3506970" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119616538" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3506970" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E6A433576AFFA76E9D115FFD9BFE25" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E6A433576AFFA76E9D115FFD9BFE25" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection id="C35546AE576AFFA66E9D115FFE16FE0B" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D115FFD37FE2E" blockId="12.[151,679,375,436]" box="[151,679,375,401]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="D0B8A249576AFFA66E9D115FFD37FE2E" bold="true" box="[151,679,375,401]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66E9D115FFD37FE2E" ID-CoL="5BV6H" authority="d'Orbigny, 1852" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,679,375,401]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
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<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D115FFD37FE2E" bold="true" box="[151,679,375,401]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D115FFE51FE2E" bold="true" box="[151,449,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Watersipora subtorquata</emphasis>
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(d’Orbigny, 1852)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D11B2FE16FE0B" blockId="12.[151,679,375,436]" box="[151,390,410,436]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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(
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<figureCitation id="137409A0576AFFA66E9511B2FF7AFE0B" box="[159,234,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[158,1431,836,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[158,1432,836,1911]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Watersipora subtorquata from (A – C) St Peter Port, Guernsey and (D – F) St-Jacut-de-la-Mer, France. A, D are general views of zooids; B, E, show orifices; C, F, the left condyle at high magnification." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274834/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137409A0576AFFA66EF211B2FE97FE0B" box="[248,263,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,255,840,864]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,197,814]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,815]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light photomicrographs of orifices and opercula of Watersipora. Scale bar = 100 Μm. A – D, orifices; E – H, opercula. A. W. subtorquata, St-Jacut-de-la-Mer, France; B. W. subtorquata, St Peter Port, Guernsey; C. W. subovoidea, Arrawarra, New South Wales, Australia; D. W. subovoidea, Genoa, Italy; E. W. subtorquata, St-Jacut-de-la-Mer, France; F. W. subtorquata, St Peter Port, Guernsey; G. W. subovoidea, Naples, Italy; H. W. subovoidea, Genoa, Italy. In A – D, note the differences in condyles (the left one in each picture arrowed); in E – H, compare the sides of the central dark band, concave in W. subtorquata, parallel in W. subovoidea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">4</figureCitation>
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A, C, E, F)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35546AE576AFFA66E9D11CCFCC1FDA4" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D11CCFC5FFE44" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" box="[151,975,484,507]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66E9D11CCFEF6FE44" box="[151,358,484,507]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Escharinidae" genus="Escharina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="torquata">
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<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D11CCFEF6FE44" box="[151,358,484,507]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Escharina torquata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[Milne] Edwards: d’Orbigny 1842, pl. 4, fig. 3; 1847: 11.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D122CFCC1FDA4" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" box="[151,849,516,539]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F320B576AFFA66E9D122CFCC1FDA4" box="[151,849,516,539]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66E9D122CFE44FDA4" authority="Busk" authorityName="Busk" box="[151,468,516,539]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="atrofusca">
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<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D122CFE03FDA4" box="[151,403,516,539]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Schizoporella atrofusca</emphasis>
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Busk
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66FD4122CFD0EFDA4" author="Hincks" box="[478,670,516,539]" page="269" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1868">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66FD4122CFDF9FDA4" author="Hincks" box="[478,617,516,539]" pageId="12" pageNumber="58" refString="Hincks, T. (1868) The Polyzoa of the Adriatic: a supplement to Prof. Heller's ' Die Bryozoen des adriatischen Meeres', 1867. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 5, 17, 254 - 271." type="journal article" year="1868">Hincks 1868</bibRefCitation>
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: 269
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 10, figs 4–5.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35546AE576AFFA66E9D120CFCA3FC24" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D120CFD64FD84" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" box="[151,756,548,571]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F320B576AFFA66E9D120CFD64FD84" box="[151,756,548,571]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66E9D120CFDCFFD84" authority="Ortmann, 1890: 49" authorityName="Ortmann" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,607,548,571]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="aterrima">
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<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D120CFE1CFD84" box="[151,396,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Schizoporella aterrima</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66F99120CFDCFFD84" author="Ortmann" box="[403,607,548,571]" page="49" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1890">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66F99120CFDA8FD84" author="Ortmann" box="[403,568,548,571]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" refString="Ortmann, A. (1890) Die Japanische Bryozoenfauna. Bericht uber die von Herrn Dr. L. Doderlein im Jahre 1880 - 81 gemachten Sammlungen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 54, 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="1890">Ortmann, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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: 49
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 3, fig. 36.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D126CFCA2FDE4" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" box="[151,818,580,603]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F320B576AFFA66E9D126CFCA2FDE4" box="[151,818,580,603]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66E9D126CFF63FDE4" ID-CoL="84PM7" box="[151,243,580,603]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D126CFF63FDE4" box="[151,243,580,603]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Lepralia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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?
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66F06126CFDAAFDE4" authority="Waters 1909: 150" authorityName="Waters" authorityPageNumber="150" authorityYear="1909" box="[268,570,580,603]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
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<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66F06126CFEFFFDE4" box="[268,367,580,603]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">cucullata</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66F77126CFDAAFDE4" author="Waters" box="[381,570,580,603]" page="150" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1909">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66F77126CFD96FDE4" author="Waters" box="[381,518,580,603]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" refString="Waters, A. W. (1909) Cheilostomata. Reports on the marine biology of the Sudanese Red Sea. XII. The Bryozoa. Part I. Cheilostomata. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 31, 123 - 181." type="journal article" year="1909">Waters 1909</bibRefCitation>
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: 150
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 15, figs 1, 5 [pars].
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D124CFC55FDC4" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" box="[151,965,612,635]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F320B576AFFA66E9D124CFC55FDC4" box="[151,965,612,635]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66E9D124CFDF1FDC4" ID-CoL="5BV6C" authority="Hastings 1930: 729" authorityName="Hastings" authorityPageNumber="729" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,609,612,635]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
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<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D124CFE13FDC4" box="[151,387,612,635]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Watersipora cucullata</emphasis>
|
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66F98124CFDF1FDC4" author="Hastings" box="[402,609,612,635]" page="729" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1930">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66F98124CFDBEFDC4" author="Hastings" box="[402,558,612,635]" pageId="12" pageNumber="58" refString="Hastings, A. B. (1930) Cheilostomatous Polyzoa from the vicinity of the Panama Canal collected by Dr. C. Crossland on the cruise of the S. Y. ' St. George'. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1929, 697 - 740." type="proceedings paper" year="1930">Hastings 1930</bibRefCitation>
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: 729
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[pars], pl. 15, figs 102–104 only.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D12ACFCB9FD24" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" box="[151,809,644,667]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F320B576AFFA66E9D12ACFCB9FD24" box="[151,809,644,667]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66E9D12ACFDC5FD24" ID-CoL="5BV6C" authority="Marcus 1937: 118" authorityName="Marcus" authorityPageNumber="118" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,597,644,667]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
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<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D12ACFE13FD24" box="[151,387,644,667]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Watersipora cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66F9812ACFDC5FD24" author="Marcus" box="[402,597,644,667]" page="118" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1937">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66F9812ACFDB1FD24" author="Marcus" box="[402,545,644,667]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" refString="Marcus, E. (1937). Bryozoarios Marinhos Brasileiros I. Boletim da Faculdada de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras Universidada de Sao Paulo, Serie Zoologica, 1, 5 - 224." type="journal article" year="1937">Marcus 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 118
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 24, fig. 63A, B.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D128CFCADFD04" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" box="[151,829,676,699]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F320B576AFFA66E9D128CFCADFD04" box="[151,829,676,699]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66E9D128CFDCFFD04" ID-CoL="5BV6C" authority="Mawatari 1952: 14" authorityName="Mawatari" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1952" box="[151,607,676,699]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D128CFE13FD04" box="[151,387,676,699]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Watersipora cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66F98128CFDCFFD04" author="Mawatari" box="[402,607,676,699]" page="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1952">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66F98128CFDA8FD04" author="Mawatari" box="[402,568,676,699]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" refString="Mawatari, S. (1952) On Watersipora cucullata (Busk). I. Systematic study. Miscellaneous Reports of the Research Institute of Natural Resources (Tokyo), 25, 14 - 17." type="journal article" year="1952">Mawatari 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 14
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, fig. 1 A–E (
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||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66CE3128CFC9BFD04" box="[745,779,676,699]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">not</emphasis>
|
||
1F).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D12ECFCA8FD64" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" box="[151,824,708,731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F320B576AFFA66E9D12ECFCA8FD64" box="[151,824,708,731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66E9D12ECFE13FD64" ID-CoL="5BV6C" box="[151,387,708,731]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D12ECFE13FD64" box="[151,387,708,731]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Watersipora cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66F8012ECFD71FD64" authority="Mawatari, 1952: 16" authorityName="Mawatari" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1952" box="[394,737,708,731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" rank="variety" variety="watersi">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66FB212ECFD97FD64" box="[440,519,708,731]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">watersi</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66C0712ECFD71FD64" author="Mawatari" box="[525,737,708,731]" page="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1952">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66C0712ECFD2AFD64" author="Mawatari" box="[525,698,708,731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" refString="Mawatari, S. (1952) On Watersipora cucullata (Busk). I. Systematic study. Miscellaneous Reports of the Research Institute of Natural Resources (Tokyo), 25, 14 - 17." type="journal article" year="1952">Mawatari, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 16
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fig. 1G
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D12CCFCD2FD44" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" box="[151,834,740,763]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
[?]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66EB112CCFDE5FD44" authority="Harmer 1957: 1022" authorityName="Harmer" authorityPageNumber="1022" authorityYear="1957" box="[187,629,740,763]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Dakaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66EB112CCFE04FD44" box="[187,404,740,763]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Dakaria subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66FA812CCFDA3FD44" author="Harmer" box="[418,563,740,763]" pageId="12" pageNumber="58" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga Expeditie, 28 D, 641 - 1147." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1022
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 69, figs 11–13.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D132CFD5AFCA4" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" box="[151,714,772,795]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F320B576AFFA66E9D132CFD5AFCA4" box="[151,714,772,795]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66E9D132CFDFEFCA4" ID-CoL="5BV6H" authority="Ryland 1974: 345" authorityName="Ryland" authorityPageNumber="345" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,622,772,795]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D132CFE30FCA4" box="[151,416,772,795]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Watersipora subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66FA4132CFDFEFCA4" author="Ryland" box="[430,622,772,795]" page="345" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1974">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66FA4132CFDAAFCA4" author="Ryland" box="[430,570,772,795]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" refString="Ryland, J. S. (1974) Bryozoa in the Great Barrier Reef province. In: Proceedings of the Second International Reef Symposium Volume 2. Cameron, A. M. et al. Brisbane, The Great Barrier Reef Committee. Pp. 341 - 348." type="book chapter" year="1974">Ryland 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 345
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fig. 3C.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D130CFBF1FC84" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" box="[151,1121,804,827]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F320B576AFFA66E9D130CFBF1FC84" box="[151,1121,804,827]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66EA9130CFE35FC84" ID-CoL="5BV6G" box="[163,421,804,827]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66EA9130CFE35FC84" box="[163,421,804,827]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Watersipora subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” fide Harmer:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66C42130CFCC8FC84" author="Soule" box="[584,856,804,827]" page="302" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1976">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66C42130CFCB3FC84" author="Soule" box="[584,803,804,827]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" refString="Soule, D. F. & Soule, J. D. (1976) Species groups in Watersiporidae. Bryozoa 1974. Documents des Laboratoires de Geologie de la Faculte des Science de Lyon, h. s. 3, 2, 299 - 309." type="journal article" year="1976">Soule & Soule 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 302
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 3, fig. 4; pl. 4, fig. 4.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D136CFCA3FC24" blockId="12.[151,1437,484,923]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F320B576AFFA66E9D136CFCA3FC24" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576AFFA66E9D136CFD51FCE4" ID-CoL="5BV6H" authority="Soule & Soule 1976: 302" authorityName="Soule & Soule" authorityPageNumber="302" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,705,836,859]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D136CFE31FCE4" box="[151,417,836,859]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Watersipora subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66FA5136CFD51FCE4" author="Soule" box="[431,705,836,859]" page="302" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1976">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66FA5136CFD1CFCE4" author="Soule" box="[431,652,836,859]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" refString="Soule, D. F. & Soule, J. D. (1976) Species groups in Watersiporidae. Bryozoa 1974. Documents des Laboratoires de Geologie de la Faculte des Science de Lyon, h. s. 3, 2, 299 - 309." type="journal article" year="1976">Soule & Soule 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 302
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 2, fig. 3; pl. 3, fig. 3;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66DDC136CFB00FCE4" author="Gordon" box="[982,1168,836,859]" page="40" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66DDC136CFBF8FCE4" author="Gordon" box="[982,1128,836,859]" pageId="12" pageNumber="58" refString="Gordon, D. P. (1989) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata (Cheilostomida Ascophorina) from the western South Island continental shelf and slope. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 97, 1 - 158." type="journal article" year="1989">Gordon 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 40
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 20, B–H);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66B3A136CFF62FCC4" author="Seo" page="222" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66B3A136CFA08FCE4" author="Seo" box="[1328,1432,836,859]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" refString="Seo, J. E. (1999) Taxonomic review of Korean Watersipora (Bryozoa, Gymnolaemata, Cheilostomata). Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology 15, 221 - 229." type="journal article" year="1999">Seo 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 222
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 1;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66F4C134CFDCCFCC4" author="Taylor" box="[326,604,868,891]" page="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66F4C134CFDD1FCC4" author="Taylor" box="[326,577,868,891]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" refString="Taylor, P. D. & Gordon, D. P. (2002) Alcide d'Orbigny's work on Recent and fossil bryozoans. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 1, 533 - 547." type="journal article" year="2002">Taylor & Gordon 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 4
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, reproducing d’Orbigny’s original figures (fig. 1A, B) and giving an SEM of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4AB87576AFFA66EE413ACFEDBFC24" box="[238,331,900,923]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137409A0576AFFA66F5013ACFE06FC24" box="[346,406,900,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,545,1677]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,545,1678]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Watersipora subtorquata. A, B. Orange colonies from St Peter Port, Guernsey (no scale); C, D. Black colonies from St-Jacut-de-la-Mer, Brittany. Scale-bar marked in cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274832/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE3334576AFFA66FC813ACFD52FC24" author="Florence" box="[450,706,900,923]" page="39" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66FC813ACFD0AFC24" author="Florence" box="[450,666,900,923]" pageId="12" pageNumber="58" refString="Florence, W. K., Hayward, P. J. & Gibbons, M. J. (2007) Taxonomy of shallow-water Bryozoa from the westcoast of Africa. African Natural History, 3, 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Florence
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66C2C13ACFDC4FC24" box="[550,596,900,923]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 39
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig.
|
||
<date id="FFF133E5576AFFA66CF213ACFC8BFC24" box="[760,795,900,923]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" value="1914-01">14I</date>
|
||
J.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35546AE576AFFA66E9D13EEFB29FB77" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66E9D13EEFB29FB77" blockId="12.[151,1437,966,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66E9D13EEFE04FC5F" bold="true" box="[151,404,966,992]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
All specimens are in the Natural History Museum, London. Low Isles, Queensland,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35855B5576AFFA66E9D13C5FE98FBB8" box="[151,264,1005,1031]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Great Barrier Reef),
|
||
<date id="FFF133E5576AFFA66C1413C5FD0BFBB8" box="[542,667,1005,1031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" value="1972-07">July 1972</date>
|
||
, JSR (2 slides: 1 intact, NHM 2007.12.14.9; 1 cleaned, NHM 2007.12.14.10) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66F6A143CFD92FB91" author="Ryland" box="[352,514,1044,1070]" pageId="12" pageNumber="59" refString="Ryland, J. S. (1974) Bryozoa in the Great Barrier Reef province. In: Proceedings of the Second International Reef Symposium Volume 2. Cameron, A. M. et al. Brisbane, The Great Barrier Reef Committee. Pp. 341 - 348." type="book chapter" year="1974">Ryland 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Bay of Arcachon, on shell (NHM 2007.12.14.11), HDeB,
|
||
<date id="FFF133E5576AFFA66AD4143CFAEAFB91" box="[1246,1402,1044,1070]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" value="2003-08">August 2003</date>
|
||
(1 slide, decalcified, NHM 2007.12.14.12); St-Jacut-de-la-Mer, Brittany,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35855B5576AFFA66DD41412FBA2FBEB" box="[990,1074,1082,1108]" name="France" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
, HDeB,
|
||
<date id="FFF133E5576AFFA66A901412FA8CFBEB" box="[1178,1308,1082,1108]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" value="2005-04">April 2005</date>
|
||
(on oyster shell, NHM 2007.12.14.13; SEMs; 2 slides: 1 cleaned, NHM 2007.12.12.14; 1 decalcified, NHM 2007.12.14.15); St Peter Port harbour,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35855B5576AFFA66C6114A0FD4FFB1D" box="[619,735,1160,1186]" name="Guernsey" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Guernsey</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Channel Islands,
|
||
<date id="FFF133E5576AFFA66DB714A0FBABFB1D" box="[957,1083,1160,1186]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" value="2007-05">May 2007</date>
|
||
, RL (SEM; 3 slides: 1 intact, NHM 2007.12.14.16; 1 cleaned, NHM 2007.1.14.17; 1 decalcified, NHM 2007.12.14.18).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35546AE576AFFA76ECC14FDFD9BFE25" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66ECC14FDFCF6F8B3" blockId="12.[151,1437,966,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66ECC14FDFECFFB50" bold="true" box="[198,351,1237,1263]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colonies encrusting, subcircular or with broad, spreading lobes, often overgrowing older layers; or erect with bilaminar lobes; sometimes with a broad and extensive orange-red cortical zone, paling and becoming greyish away from the edges; or dark sepia, black or deep purple with a narrow, orange growing margin (colours fade with drying). Zooids subrectangular or slightly hexagonal, sometimes narrower proximally (usually when associated with row division); large, distinct, about twice as long as wide, 750–1100 (mean ~950) × 300–600 (mean ~430) μm (globally), variable within and between colonies. Frontal skeletal wall rather flat, perforated by numerous large round pseudopores, 20–30 μm diameter; covered by a rather transparent layer with a shiny cuticle. Orifice large, oval, somewhat wider than long; 130–260 (mean ~230) μm; occupying>10% of the total zooid area; with a proximal sinus demarcated by condyles, ~55 × 115 μm; surrounding rim variably developed, sometimes in the form of paired mucrones beside the sinus, often crestlike distally; a pair of areolae proximolateral to the orifice, one each side, about the size of a pseudopore but containing a multiporous septulum. Condyles in the form of narrow shoulders distal to and slightly deeper than the angle of the orifice rim that separates anter from sinus. Operculum strongly pigmented, with a dark broad, biconcave band proximally, gradually spreading around paired clear areas. Polypides with orange lophophores 740–850 μm long, ~24 tentacles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576AFFA66CBD16DAFCC9F8B3" author="Gordon" box="[695,857,1778,1804]" pageId="12" pageNumber="58" refString="Gordon, D. P. (1989) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata (Cheilostomida Ascophorina) from the western South Island continental shelf and slope. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 97, 1 - 158." type="journal article" year="1989">Gordon 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF01525576AFFA66ECC1730FF58F84B" blockId="12.[151,1437,966,2036]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576AFFA66ECC1730FE66F88D" bold="true" box="[198,502,1816,1842]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Variation and remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The operculum, with the dark biconcave central band that spreads distally around a pair of subcircular lateral ‘windows’, is diagnostic but the details cannot be seen clearly without special preparation. In the orange colonies from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35855B5576AFFA66CEC174EFCC9F83F" box="[742,857,1894,1920]" name="Guernsey" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Guernsey</collectingCountry>
|
||
the dark band is narrow, about the width of the sinus at the waist (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137409A0576AFFA66F7017A5FE55F818" box="[378,453,1933,1959]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,255,840,864]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,197,814]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,815]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light photomicrographs of orifices and opercula of Watersipora. Scale bar = 100 Μm. A – D, orifices; E – H, opercula. A. W. subtorquata, St-Jacut-de-la-Mer, France; B. W. subtorquata, St Peter Port, Guernsey; C. W. subovoidea, Arrawarra, New South Wales, Australia; D. W. subovoidea, Genoa, Italy; E. W. subtorquata, St-Jacut-de-la-Mer, France; F. W. subtorquata, St Peter Port, Guernsey; G. W. subovoidea, Naples, Italy; H. W. subovoidea, Genoa, Italy. In A – D, note the differences in condyles (the left one in each picture arrowed); in E – H, compare the sides of the central dark band, concave in W. subtorquata, parallel in W. subovoidea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
F); in the black colonies from St-Jacut and the Bay of Arcachon the dark band is noticeably broader, greater than the width of the sinus, and its lateral margins are more sharply defined (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137409A0576AFFA66B66179CFF37F84B" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,255,840,864]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,197,814]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,815]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Light photomicrographs of orifices and opercula of Watersipora. Scale bar = 100 Μm. A – D, orifices; E – H, opercula. A. W. subtorquata, St-Jacut-de-la-Mer, France; B. W. subtorquata, St Peter Port, Guernsey; C. W. subovoidea, Arrawarra, New South Wales, Australia; D. W. subovoidea, Genoa, Italy; E. W. subtorquata, St-Jacut-de-la-Mer, France; F. W. subtorquata, St Peter Port, Guernsey; G. W. subovoidea, Naples, Italy; H. W. subovoidea, Genoa, Italy. In A – D, note the differences in condyles (the left one in each picture arrowed); in E – H, compare the sides of the central dark band, concave in W. subtorquata, parallel in W. subovoidea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF01525576BFFA76ECC10B0FD9BFE25" blockId="13.[151,1437,152,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Hincks (1886) named a variety
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76C3210B0FD1EFF0E" box="[568,654,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">labiosa</emphasis>
|
||
from the Arabian Sea, with the orificial rim raised as mucrones on either side of the sinus, which appears referable to this species and the counterpart of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576BFFA76ABC1097FAF6FF67" box="[1206,1382,191,216]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="56" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76ABC1097FAF6FF67" box="[1206,1382,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">W. subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576BFFA76B651096FED5FF40" authority="Calvet" authorityName="Calvet" pageId="13" pageNumber="56" rank="variety" variety="labiosa">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76E9D10CDFF7FFF41" box="[151,239,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">labiosa</emphasis>
|
||
Calvet
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above). Ortmann’s (1890)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576BFFA76CCC10CDFC4BFF41" box="[710,987,229,254]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Schizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="56" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="aterrima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76CCC10CDFC4BFF41" box="[710,987,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">Schizoporella aterrima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, clearly belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576BFFA76AEF10CDFAE8FF41" box="[1253,1400,229,254]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="56" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76AEF10CDFAE8FF41" box="[1253,1400,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">Watersipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is unrecognizable to species. It was included by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE68D4576BFFA76CDE1124FC34FE99" author="Mawatari" box="[724,932,268,294]" pageId="13" pageNumber="59" refString="Mawatari, S. (1952) On Watersipora cucullata (Busk). I. Systematic study. Miscellaneous Reports of the Research Institute of Natural Resources (Tokyo), 25, 14 - 17." type="journal article" year="1952">Mawatari (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576BFFA76AAC1124FAADFE9A" box="[1190,1341,268,293]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="56" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76AAC1124FAADFE9A" box="[1190,1341,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but his account is clearly based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576BFFA76FD3111AFD1AFEF4" box="[473,650,306,331]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="56" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76FD3111AFD1AFEF4" box="[473,650,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">W. subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(distinguished as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576BFFA76D54111AFC77FEF4" box="[862,999,306,332]" pageId="13" pageNumber="56" rank="variety" variety="watersi">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76D9B111AFC77FEF4" box="[913,999,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">watersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see above) as well as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576BFFA76AF8111AFA0BFEF4" box="[1266,1435,306,331]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="56" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76AF8111AFA0BFEF4" box="[1266,1435,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">W. subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576BFFA76ECB1171FEC3FECD" box="[193,339,345,370]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="56" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76ECB1171FEC3FECD" box="[193,339,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The illustrated Japanese specimens are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576BFFA76D4A1171FC62FECD" box="[832,1010,345,370]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="56" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76D4A1171FC62FECD" box="[832,1010,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">W. subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and it is unclear whether any of his local material was
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F6EA6576BFFA76F7911A8FD95FE26" box="[371,517,384,409]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="56" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BC937576BFFA76F7911A8FD95FE26" box="[371,517,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="56">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |