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<document id="9809C7CC3813DA338AC57EB7D7A90743" ID-DOI="10.1080/002229300299372" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1620912132881" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Ju-Shey" docDate="2000" docId="7A57A021FFB7FF9FFEEEFB76532EFBD1" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.34.709-735.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 34 (5)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002229300299372" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B3570C21952C5CF44265488F0CE432D6.2:JNatHist.2003-2004.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="B3570C21952C5CF44265488F0CE432D6" docStyleName="JNatHist.2003-2004.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Heterochondria similis" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="728" masterDocId="866ED859FFA4FF8AFFD5FFD65158FFB3" masterDocTitle="Chondracanthid copepods parasitic on flatfishes of Kerala, India" masterLastPageNumber="735" masterPageNumber="709" pageNumber="726" updateTime="1698917974453" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="32814554B67D6FFE316B4CF917BE0C12">Chondracanthid copepods parasitic on flatfishes of Kerala, India</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D3C2444D5F2325D097AB3157204E594C">2000</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1D30A84D6F9BAF736616C76E92F2D4D7">5</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="D041DAA5B51E8C6F5C4ADB0E06B177CC" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7A57A021FFB7FF9FFEEEFB76532EFBD1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7A57A021FFB7FF9FFEEEFB76532EFBD1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7A57A021FFB7FF9FFEEEFB76532EFBD1" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="728" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">
<subSubSection id="BAE442BCFFB7FF99FEEEFB765330FB6B" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F2411137FFB7FF99FEEEFB765247FB0B" blockId="19.[315,799,1184,1240]" box="[315,799,1184,1209]" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">
<heading id="A909A65BFFB7FF99FEEEFB765247FB0B" box="[315,799,1184,1209]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB7FF99FEEEFB76536FFB0B" baseAuthorityName="Yu &amp; Wu" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[315,567,1184,1208]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chondracanthidae" genus="Heterochondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB7FF99FEEEFB76536FFB0B" bold="true" box="[315,567,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">Heterochondria similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(YuÈ and Wu, 1932)
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2411137FFB7FF99FE26FB165330FB6B" blockId="19.[315,799,1184,1240]" box="[499,616,1216,1240]" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">(®gure 11)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BAE442BCFFB7FF9FFFADFB39532EFBD1" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="728" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F2411137FFB7FF99FFADFB395370FAF6" blockId="19.[79,1035,1262,1697]" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB7FF99FFADFB39500AFAB4" box="[120,338,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">Material examined.</emphasis>
Eleven adult mm (eight with attached l) from gill ®laments of
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB7FF99FFA0FAD850AAFA95" authority="(Alcock)" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[117,498,1294,1318]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Crossorhombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="azureus">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB7FF99FFA0FAD850D9FA95" box="[117,385,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">Crossorhombus azureus</emphasis>
(Alcock)
</taxonomicName>
: four collected on
<date id="864037F7FFB7FF99FD36FAD852C1FA95" box="[739,921,1294,1318]" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" value="1994-03-11">11 March 1994</date>
, four on
<date id="864037F7FFB7FF99FF9AFAF851B8FAF5" box="[79,224,1326,1350]" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" value="1994-07-20">20 July 1994</date>
and three on
<date id="864037F7FFB7FF99FE51FAF85378FAF5" box="[388,544,1326,1350]" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" value="1994-04-29">29 April 1994</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2411137FFB7FF99FFADFA9B5053F9F1" blockId="19.[79,1035,1262,1697]" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB7FF99FFADFA9B5195FAD6" box="[120,205,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">Female.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="42961B6AFFB7FF99FF3DFA9B505CF9F1" county="Egg" location="Neck region" longitude="-1.2" municipality="Caudal" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" specimenCount="1">
Body (®gure 11A) elongated, with pinball-shaped trunk and measuring
<quantity id="3506BCD2FFB7FF99FF9AFABB51B4FA36" box="[79,236,1389,1413]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.935" metricValueMax="6.89" metricValueMin="4.98" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" unit="mm" value="5.935" valueMax="6.89" valueMin="4.98">4.98±6.89 mm</quantity>
long. Head longer than wide,
<geoCoordinate id="97CA77F0FFB7FF99FD82FABB53F8FA35" box="[599,672,1389,1414]" degrees="1.20" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" precision="555" value="-1.2">1.20Ö</geoCoordinate>
<quantity id="3506BCD2FFB7FF99FD74FABB53A7FA36" box="[673,767,1389,1413]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" unit="mm" value="1.09">1.09 mm</quantity>
(not including ināted antennule), with lateral protrusion in front and large, swollen, oral region in rear.
<location id="F72147ECFFB7FF99FF9AFA7A5185FA77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7A57A021FFB7FF9FFEEEFB76532EFBD1:F72147ECFFB7FF99FF9AFA7A5185FA77" box="[79,221,1452,1476]" county="Egg" longitude="-1.2" municipality="Caudal" name="Neck region" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">Neck region</location>
(®rst pediger) not marked oOE from trunk.
<location id="F72147ECFFB7FF99FD08FA7A522FFA77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7A57A021FFB7FF9FFEEEFB76532EFBD1:F72147ECFFB7FF99FD08FA7A522FFA77" box="[733,887,1452,1476]" county="Egg" longitude="-1.2" municipality="Caudal" name="Trunk region" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">Trunk region</location>
posterior to second pediger enlarged laterally (
<quantity id="3506BCD2FFB7FF99FE36FA1D5319FA50" box="[483,577,1483,1507]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.87" pageId="19" pageNumber="726" unit="mm" value="1.87">1.87 mm</quantity>
) and becoming wider than head.
<location id="F72147ECFFB7FF99FC06FA1D5553FA50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7A57A021FFB7FF9FFEEEFB76532EFBD1:F72147ECFFB7FF99FC06FA1D5553FA50" box="[979,1035,1483,1507]" county="Egg" longitude="-1.2" municipality="Caudal" name="Both" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">Both</location>
genital double somite and abdomen (®gure 11B) distinctly wider than long.
<collectingMunicipality id="12258B4DFFB7FF99FC6DFA3D5552F9B0" box="[952,1034,1515,1539]" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">Caudal</collectingMunicipality>
ramus (®gure 11C) a spiniform, pointed process bearing three setae.
<collectingCounty id="1B2069BBFFB7FF99FCBDF9DD52CCF990" box="[872,916,1547,1571]" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">Egg</collectingCounty>
sac about as long as body
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2411137FFB7FF9FFFADF99F5259FE17" blockId="19.[79,1035,1262,1697]" lastBlockId="21.[79,1035,142,1123]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="728" pageId="19" pageNumber="726">Antennule (®gure 11D) ¯eshy, sausage-shaped, and tipped with seven setae. Antenna broken in all specimens examined. Labrum (®gure 11E) with smooth posterior margin. Terminal blade of mandible (®gure 11F) with a row of 45 teeth on convex (inner) side and a row of 15 teeth on concave (outer) side. Paragnath (®gure 11G) a small, spinulose lobe. Maxillule (®gure 11E) tipped with two setae. Second segment of maxilla (®gure 11H) bearing in basal region a small, simple seta and one large seta with hyaline tip, and a row of about 20 teeth on terminal process. Maxilliped (®gure 11I) three-segmented; ®rst segment largest but unarmed; second segment with a large, basal swelling and a spinulose distal lobe; and third segment (®gure 11J) a short, stout claw. Leg 1 (®gure 11K) and leg 2 (®gure 11L) alike and about equal in size; appearing as a large, blunt process covered with ®ne spinules and armed with a long outer seta and a small terminal seta.</paragraph>
<caption id="A68141BFFFB0FF9EFF9AFA38501FF93B" pageId="20" pageNumber="727" startId="20.[79,95,1518,1539]" targetBox="[82,1035,142,1490]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="F2411137FFB0FF9EFF9AFA38501FF93B" blockId="20.[79,1036,1518,1673]" pageId="20" pageNumber="727">
FIG. 11.
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB0FF9EFF62FA3850FAF9B7" baseAuthorityName="Yu &amp; Wu" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[183,418,1518,1540]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chondracanthidae" genus="Heterochondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="20" pageNumber="727" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB0FF9EFF62FA3850FAF9B7" box="[183,418,1518,1540]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="727">Heterochondria similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(YuÈ and Wu). Female: (A) habitus of adult, dorsal; (B) genito±abdomen, dorsal; (C) caudal ramus; (D) right side of antennary region, ventral; (E) oral region, ventral; (F) mandible; (G) paragnath; (H) maxilla; (I) maxilliped; (J) terminal part of maxilliped; (K) leg 1; (L) leg 2. Male: (M) habitus of adult, lateral. Scale bars: 1 mm in (A); 0.1 mm in (B±E, K, L); 0.02 mm in (F±H); 0.05 mm in (I, J).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F2411137FFB1FF9FFFADFE7B5552FD97" blockId="21.[79,1035,142,1123]" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFFADFE7B51E1FE76" box="[120,185,429,453]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">Male.</emphasis>
Body (®gure 11M)
<quantity id="3506BCD2FFB1FF9FFE6DFE7B50AAFE76" box="[440,498,429,453]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.42" pageId="21" pageNumber="728" unit="m" value="642.0">
642
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFE31FE7B50AAFE76" bold="true" box="[484,498,429,453]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">m</emphasis>
</quantity>
m long, with swollen cephalosome and cylindrical metasome and urosome. Details of body parts as in
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB1FF9FFCCCFE1B52DAFE56" authorityName="Ho" authorityYear="1970" box="[793,898,461,485]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chondracanthidae" genus="Heterochondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="21" pageNumber="728" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pillaii">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFCCCFE1B52DAFE56" box="[793,898,461,485]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">H. pillaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Antennule reduced to a simple seta as in
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB1FF9FFE63FE3B5393FDB6" authorityName="Ho, Kim I.H. &amp; Kumar" authorityYear="2000" box="[438,715,493,517]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chondracanthidae" genus="Acanthochondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="21" pageNumber="728" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zebriae">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFE63FE3B5393FDB6" box="[438,715,493,517]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">Acanthochondria zebriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Antenna and mouth parts as in
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB1FF9FFF59FDDB51B7FD96" authorityName="Ho" authorityYear="1970" box="[140,239,525,549]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chondracanthidae" genus="Heterochondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="21" pageNumber="728" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pillaii">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFF59FDDB51B7FD96" box="[140,239,525,549]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">H. pillaii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Leg 1 reduced to a spiniform seta (see ®gure 11M) and leg 2 missing.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2411137FFB1FF9FFFADFDFB5195FD57" blockId="21.[79,1035,142,1123]" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFFADFDFB51BAFDF6" box="[120,226,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">Remarks.</emphasis>
This is the ®rst record of
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB1FF9FFDF6FDFB53D7FDF6" baseAuthorityName="Yu &amp; Wu" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[547,655,557,581]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chondracanthidae" genus="Heterochondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="21" pageNumber="728" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFDF6FDFB53D7FDF6" box="[547,655,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">H. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
since its discovery at
<collectingRegion id="303ADFD5FFB1FF9FFC58FDFB52BAFDF6" box="[909,994,557,581]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">Hainan</collectingRegion>
(in the South
<collectingCountry id="8AE951A7FFB1FF9FFF1CFD9A5056FDD7" box="[201,270,588,612]" name="China" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">China</collectingCountry>
Sea) more than half a century ago by YuÈ and Wu (1932). Of the 21 species of ¯at®shes examined in our survey,
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB1FF9FFDADFDBB53BCFD37" baseAuthorityName="Yu &amp; Wu" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[632,740,620,644]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chondracanthidae" genus="Heterochondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="21" pageNumber="728" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFDADFDBB53BCFD37" box="[632,740,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">H. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found parasitic only on the bluespotted ¯ounder (
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB1FF9FFE7DFD5A53E9FD17" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[424,689,652,676]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Crossorhombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="728" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="azureus">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFE7DFD5A53E9FD17" box="[424,689,652,676]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">Crossorhombus azureus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and it is also the only host from its
<typeStatus id="2D45AF95FFB1FF9FFF63FD7B51BFFD76" box="[182,231,685,709]" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">type</typeStatus>
locality. Therefore, it is very likely that
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB1FF9FFD1DFD7B526EFD77" baseAuthorityName="Yu &amp; Wu" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[712,822,684,708]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chondracanthidae" genus="Heterochondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="21" pageNumber="728" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFD1DFD7B526EFD77" box="[712,822,684,708]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">H. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is host speci®c to
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB1FF9FFF9AFD1A519EFD57" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[79,198,716,740]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bothidae" genus="Crossorhombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleuronectiformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="728" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="azureus">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFF9AFD1A519EFD57" box="[79,198,716,740]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">C. azureus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2411137FFB1FF9FFFADFD3B50C6FC10" blockId="21.[79,1035,142,1123]" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">
In their original description of the present species, the maxilliped of
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB1FF9FFC48FD3B5553FCB7" baseAuthorityName="Yu &amp; Wu" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[925,1035,748,772]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chondracanthidae" genus="Heterochondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="21" pageNumber="728" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFC48FD3B5553FCB7" box="[925,1035,748,772]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">H. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was stated and illustrated to be`of two joints and the`terminal joint was`much smaller and divided at tip into two equal lobes. Apparently, YuÈ and Wu (1932) observed the maxilliped in a view as shown here in ®gure 11I and did not examine it in a view shown here in ®gure 11J. Thus, they stated that the terminal claw was`not seen in the ventral lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2411137FFB1FF9FFFADFC7D532EFBD1" blockId="21.[79,1035,142,1123]" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">
The most outstanding characteristic of the present species is in the general appearance of the body. It is the only species of
<taxonomicName id="35FE6AB4FFB1FF9FFDA6FC1D5246FC50" authorityName="Yu" authorityYear="1935" box="[627,798,971,995]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chondracanthidae" genus="Heterochondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilostomatoida" pageId="21" pageNumber="728" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C08ACD25FFB1FF9FFDA6FC1D5246FC50" box="[627,798,971,995]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="728">Heterochondria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without a long head and cylindrical trunk. As noted above in the description, it has a pinball-shaped body. Another remarkable distinction is in the shape of the antennule. Its terminal, setae-bearing portion is large, not constricted into a small process protruding at the tip of the tremendously enlarged, basal portion.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>