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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.95" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f7eb4ca8-8e77-4882-ae27-320290999cea" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3860596" ID-ZooBank="BE14FE18-E9AB-4C5A-B260-BD9C54464A2A" approvalRequired="4" approvalRequired_for_bibRefs="3" approvalRequired_for_document="1" checkinTime="1590601165605" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Kuhlmann, Michael" docDate="2014" docId="3E5199729F38273AFD2A841DFE0EFB28" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2014-95.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 95" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.12:EJT.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="12" docTitle="Scrapter spinipes Kuhlmann 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="33BE1BCA-688F-4E9B-AD5D-5E5AC395B6BF" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="C268E10A9F012706FFAB8516FFAAFFBC" masterDocTitle="Revision of the euryglossiform species of the Afrotropical bee genus Scrapter Lepeletier &amp; Serville, 1828 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Colletidae)" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1669087594025" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of the euryglossiform species of the Afrotropical bee genus Scrapter Lepeletier &amp; Serville, 1828 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Colletidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kuhlmann, Michael</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2014-09-05</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>95</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>69</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.95</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">f7eb4ca8-8e77-4882-ae27-320290999cea</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3860596</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">BE14FE18-E9AB-4C5A-B260-BD9C54464A2A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3861129" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164362913" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3861129" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:33BE1BCA-688F-4E9B-AD5D-5E5AC395B6BF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E5199729F38273AFD2A841DFE0EFB28" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<subSubSection pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="57.[353,1234,267,364]" box="[641,947,267,294]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<heading box="[641,947,267,294]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="2">
<taxonomicName authority="Kuhlmann, 2014" authorityName="Kuhlmann" authorityYear="2014" box="[641,849,267,293]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Scrapter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[641,849,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Scrapter spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[856,947,268,294]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[353,1234,267,364]" box="[353,1234,302,329]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<uri box="[353,1234,302,329]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid box="[641,1234,302,329]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">33BE1BCA-688F-4E9B-AD5D-5E5AC395B6BF</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[728,859,338,364]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="57.[353,1234,267,364]" box="[728,859,338,364]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<figureCitation box="[728,859,338,364]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionStartId-1="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId-0="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetId-1="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId-0="58" captionTargetPageId-1="59" captionText-0="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." captionText-1="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Figs 3031</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,310,403,429]" box="[189,310,403,429]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<heading bold="true" box="[189,310,403,429]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,310,403,429]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,1399,450,687]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
The female of
<taxonomicName authority="Kuhlmann, 2014" authorityName="Kuhlmann" authorityYear="2014" box="[361,486,450,476]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Scrapter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[361,486,450,476]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">S. spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[493,584,450,476]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be separated from other species of this group by the combination of the following characters: supraclypeal area and clypeus densely and distinctly punctate, shiny, only partly superficially sculptured (
<figureCitation box="[630,741,520,546]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30B</figureCitation>
), scutum densely and coarsely punctate, basal area of propodeum medially about 1.5 times as long as metanotum (
<figureCitation box="[892,976,555,581]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
CD), stigma brown, apical margins of metasomal terga black, terga densely and coarsely punctate (
<figureCitation box="[934,1041,590,617]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30E</figureCitation>
). The male is characterized by an unmodified antenna, coarsely and densely punctate scutum and metasomal terga (
<figureCitation box="[1212,1322,626,652]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 31C</figureCitation>
), hind tibia apically broadened inside, forming a long spine (
<figureCitation box="[823,928,661,687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 31E</figureCitation>
), and the form of S7 (
<figureCitation box="[1185,1294,661,687]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 31D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,324,727,753]" box="[189,324,727,753]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<heading bold="true" box="[189,324,727,753]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,324,727,753]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,990,773,799]" box="[189,990,773,799]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Named for the conspicuous apicolateral spine of the male hind tibia.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,671,838,865]" box="[189,671,838,865]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,364,838,865]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type material</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount box="[380,539,838,864]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="generic">63 specimens</specimenCount>
examined)
</paragraph>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2626809302" collectingDate="2012-08-18" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="M. Kuhlmann" country="South Africa" elevation="770" latitude="-31.271666" location="Farm Avontuur" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="19.04861" municipality="Fynbos" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,1399,885,982]" box="[234,348,885,911]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[234,348,885,911]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<typeStatus box="[234,348,885,911]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,1399,885,982]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<collectingCountry box="[189,408,920,946]" name="South Africa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount box="[423,447,921,947]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male"></specimenCount>
,
<locationDeviation box="[463,833,920,947]" location="Nieuwoudtville" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<quantity box="[463,540,920,946]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
NW of Nieuwoudtville
</locationDeviation>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E5199729F38273AFD2A841DFE0EFB28:B3277EBF9F38273FFCE4868FFBADFC0E" box="[847,1031,920,947]" country="South Africa" latitude="-31.271666" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="19.04861" municipality="Fynbos" name="Farm Avontuur" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Farm Avontuur</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[1046,1135,920,946]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fynbos</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity box="[1151,1231,920,947]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="770.0">
<elevation box="[1151,1231,920,947]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="770.0">770 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[1247,1393,920,946]" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-31.271666">31°16'18&quot; S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[189,333,955,982]" degrees="19" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" precision="15" seconds="55" value="19.04861">19°02'55&quot; E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date box="[346,508,955,981]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2012-08-18">
<collectingDate box="[346,508,955,981]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2012-08-18">18 Aug. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[519,684,955,982]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">M. Kuhlmann</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[700,785,955,981]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</materialsCitation>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,1399,1021,1258]" box="[234,359,1021,1047]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[234,359,1021,1047]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<typeStatus box="[234,359,1021,1047]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,1399,1021,1258]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<collectingCountry box="[189,404,1056,1082]" name="South Africa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount box="[415,458,1056,1082]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[472,540,1056,1082]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, same data as
<typeStatus box="[706,809,1056,1082]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">holotype</typeStatus>
(SANC
<specimenCount box="[910,978,1056,1082]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, RCMK
<specimenCount box="[1083,1127,1056,1082]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[1141,1210,1056,1082]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
);
<specimenCount box="[1231,1299,1056,1082]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">8 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, idem,
<date pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2012-09-03">3 Sep. 2012</date>
, MK (RCMK);
<specimenCount box="[493,536,1091,1118]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[550,595,1091,1118]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, Ouberg Pass,
<quantity box="[766,839,1091,1117]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="km" value="27.0">27 km</quantity>
SE of Vanrhynsdorp, Fynbos,
<quantity box="[1195,1270,1091,1118]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="380.0">380 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-31.801943">31°48'07&quot; S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[221,366,1126,1153]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" precision="15" seconds="00" value="18.916666">18°55'00&quot; E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date box="[379,526,1126,1152]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2011-08-09">9 Aug. 2011</date>
, MK (RCMK);
<specimenCount box="[717,800,1126,1153]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">13 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, idem,
<date box="[888,1037,1126,1152]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2012-08-08">8 Aug. 2012</date>
, MK (NHML
<specimenCount box="[1207,1276,1126,1153]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">9 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, RCMK
<specimenCount pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
);
<specimenCount box="[259,304,1162,1188]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[320,367,1162,1188]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, idem,
<date box="[455,619,1162,1188]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2012-08-13">13 Aug. 2012</date>
, MK (RCMK);
<specimenCount box="[809,877,1162,1188]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[892,961,1162,1188]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">7 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, idem,
<date box="[1048,1213,1162,1188]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2012-08-23">23 Aug. 2012</date>
, MK (NHML
<specimenCount pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">5 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, RCMK
<specimenCount box="[340,406,1197,1223]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[419,488,1197,1223]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
),
<specimenCount box="[509,575,1197,1223]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">6 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[588,670,1197,1223]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">17 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, idem,
<date box="[755,916,1197,1223]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2012-08-30">30 Aug. 2012</date>
, MK (SANC
<specimenCount box="[1075,1141,1197,1223]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[1154,1222,1197,1223]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, NHML
<specimenCount box="[1326,1392,1197,1223]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[189,271,1232,1258]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">11 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, RCMK
<specimenCount box="[377,444,1232,1258]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[458,528,1232,1258]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,334,1297,1323]" box="[189,334,1297,1323]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<heading bold="true" box="[189,334,1297,1323]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,334,1297,1323]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,506,1344,1406]" box="[234,325,1344,1370]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[234,325,1344,1370]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,506,1344,1406]" box="[189,506,1379,1406]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
BODY LENGTH.
<quantity box="[357,501,1379,1406]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.949999999999999" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="4.949999999999999" valueMax="5.1" valueMin="4.8">4.85.1 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,1398,1444,1611]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
HEAD. Head wider than long. Integument black, except part of mandibles dark reddish-brown. Face sparsely covered with long, greyish, erect hair (
<figureCitation box="[726,831,1480,1506]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30B</figureCitation>
). Clypeus slightly convex with coarse punctation, apically sparse (i = 23 d), basally dense (i = 0.51 d); surface between punctures apically smooth and shiny, basally superficially shagreened and slightly matt (
<figureCitation box="[856,963,1550,1576]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30B</figureCitation>
). Malar area medially narrow, almost linear. Antenna dorsally blackish-brown, ventrally yellowish-brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,1399,1651,1818]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
MESOSOMA. Integument black. Mesoscutal disc between punctures superficially reticulate but shiny; disc densely (i = 0.51.0 d) and coarsely punctate (
<figureCitation box="[753,840,1686,1712]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
CD). Metanotum distinctly shorter than basal area of propodeum, apically with broad carinate depression (
<figureCitation box="[918,1030,1721,1747]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30D</figureCitation>
). Propodeum basally distinctly and broadly carinate (
<figureCitation box="[449,561,1756,1782]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30D</figureCitation>
). Mesoscutum, scutellum, metanotum, mesepisternum and propodeum sparsely covered with short, greyish, erect hair (
<figureCitation box="[752,862,1791,1818]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,986,1857,1883]" box="[189,986,1857,1883]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">WINGS. Slightly yellowish-brown; wing venation and stigma brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="57.[189,1399,1922,1984]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">LEGS. Integument black to dark reddish-brown; fore tibia basally partly with small yellowish spot. Vestiture greyish-white, scopa greyish-white, dorsally slightly brownish.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="58.[189,1399,267,505]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
METASOMA. Integument black, apical margins of terga partly narrowly translucent reddish-brown (
<figureCitation captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 30E</figureCitation>
). Discs of T1 and T2 without hair; following terga with very few and short but increasingly more and longer hair; apical tergal hair bands missing on all terga (
<figureCitation box="[963,1075,338,364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 30E</figureCitation>
). Prepygidial and pygidial fimbriae dark greyish-brown. T1 densely (i = 1 d) and relatively coarsely but irregularly punctate, between punctures superficially sculptured and shiny; T2T4 superficially sculptured but shiny, with dense, relatively coarse punctation; T2T4 with superficially sculptured but shiny, broad apical tergal depression (
<figureCitation box="[330,440,478,505]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[189,1399,557,1889]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 30. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♀. A. Lateral view. B. Head (SEM). C. Thorax (dorsal view). D. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM). E. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 30D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860659" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3860659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860659/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" startId="58.[189,232,1935,1961]" targetBox="[189,1399,557,1888]" targetPageId="58">
<paragraph blockId="58.[189,1399,1935,1997]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,285,1935,1961]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 30.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Kuhlmann, 2014" authorityName="Kuhlmann" authorityYear="2014" box="[297,506,1935,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Scrapter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[297,506,1935,1961]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Scrapter spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[518,616,1936,1962]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[673,694,1935,1961]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A</emphasis>
. Lateral view.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[883,903,1935,1961]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">B</emphasis>
. Head (SEM).
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1095,1116,1935,1961]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">C</emphasis>
. Thorax (dorsal view).
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,210,1970,1996]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">D</emphasis>
. Thorax (dorsal view, SEM).
<emphasis bold="true" box="[560,580,1970,1996]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">E</emphasis>
. Metasoma (dorsal view). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="59.[189,506,267,329]" box="[234,298,267,293]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[234,298,267,293]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="59.[189,506,267,329]" box="[189,506,302,329]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
BODY LENGTH.
<quantity box="[357,501,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.949999999999999" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="4.949999999999999" valueMax="5.1" valueMin="4.8">4.85.1 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="59.[189,1398,367,499]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
HEAD. Head slightly wider than long. Integument black, except mandible partly dark reddish-brown. Face densely covered with long, greyish-white, erect hair. Malar area medially narrow, almost linear. Antenna dorsally dark brown, ventrally yellowish-brown, sometimes apical flagellar segments completely or largely dark brown (
<figureCitation box="[428,537,473,499]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 31A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" startId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" targetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" targetPageId="59">
<paragraph blockId="59.[189,1399,1917,2014]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,282,1917,1943]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 31.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Kuhlmann, 2014" authorityName="Kuhlmann" authorityYear="2014" box="[290,495,1918,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Scrapter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis box="[290,495,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Scrapter spinipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[503,596,1918,1944]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♂.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[646,667,1917,1943]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A</emphasis>
. Lateral view.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[844,864,1917,1943]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">B</emphasis>
. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM).
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1240,1261,1917,1943]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">C</emphasis>
. Metasoma (dorsal view).
<emphasis bold="true" box="[360,381,1953,1979]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">D</emphasis>
. S7 (dorsal view, SEM).
<emphasis bold="true" box="[681,701,1953,1979]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E</emphasis>
. Hind tibia.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[850,868,1953,1979]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">F</emphasis>
. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="60.[189,1398,267,364]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
MESOSOMA. Integument black. Mesoscutal disc between punctures superficially reticulate and slightly matt; disc densely (i = 0.51.0 d) and very coarsely punctate. Mesoscutum, scutellum, metanotum, mesepisternum and propodeum covered with long, greyish, erect hair (
<figureCitation box="[1018,1127,338,364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 31A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="60.[189,986,403,430]" box="[189,986,403,430]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">WINGS. Slightly yellowish-brown; wing venation and stigma brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="60.[189,1399,469,530]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
LEGS. Integument black, fore tibia in the basal half anteriorly yellow (
<figureCitation box="[983,1090,469,495]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 31A</figureCitation>
). Hind tibia inside apically broadened, with a long spine; hind basitarsus subapically broadened (
<figureCitation box="[995,1100,504,530]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 31E</figureCitation>
). Vestiture greyish-white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="60.[189,1399,569,771]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
METASOMA. Integument black, apical margins of terga partly narrowly translucent reddish-brown (
<figureCitation captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 31C</figureCitation>
). Discs of T1T2 without hair; following terga with very few and short but increasingly more and longer hair; apical tergal hair bands missing on all terga (
<figureCitation box="[857,964,640,666]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 31C</figureCitation>
). T1 and following terga densely (i ˂ 0.5 d) and very coarsely punctate, between punctures polished and shiny; terga with narrow, superficially sculptured but shiny apical tergal depression (
<figureCitation box="[739,849,710,736]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 31C</figureCitation>
). S3 and particularly S4S5 with long, sparse apical hair fringes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="60.[189,1330,811,837]" box="[189,1330,811,837]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
TERMINALIA. Genitalia (
<figureCitation box="[460,567,811,837]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 31B</figureCitation>
), S7 (
<figureCitation box="[636,742,811,837]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 31D</figureCitation>
) and terminal plate of S8 (
<figureCitation box="[1056,1157,811,837]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="59.[189,232,1917,1943]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,545,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[189,1399,544,1874]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Fig. 31. Scrapter spinipes sp. nov., ♂. A. Lateral view. B. Genitalia (dorsal view, SEM). C. Metasoma (dorsal view). D. S7 (dorsal view, SEM). E. Hind tibia. F. S8, apical end (SEM). Scale bars: photos: 1 mm, SEM: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860661/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 31F</figureCitation>
) as illustrated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="60.[189,342,876,902]" box="[189,342,876,902]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<heading bold="true" box="[189,342,876,902]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,342,876,902]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="60.[189,1271,923,949]" box="[189,1271,923,949]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">The species has only been found on sandy soils in Fynbos of the wider Nieuwoudtville area.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="60.[189,337,988,1014]" box="[189,337,988,1014]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<heading bold="true" box="[189,337,988,1014]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,337,988,1014]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Floral hosts</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="60.[189,1142,1035,1061]" box="[189,1142,1035,1061]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName authorityName="G.T.Burnett" authorityYear="1835" box="[189,345,1035,1061]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Brassicaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName box="[356,481,1035,1061]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Heliophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Brassicales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[356,481,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Heliophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., with a strong preference for blue-flowering species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="60.[189,399,1100,1126]" box="[189,399,1100,1126]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<heading bold="true" box="[189,399,1100,1126]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,399,1100,1126]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Seasonal activity</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="60.[189,420,1146,1172]" box="[189,420,1146,1172]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">AugustSeptember.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>