252 lines
35 KiB
XML
252 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="E819C6575E0FE7DCB03655F600C5E37B" ID-CLB-Dataset="31547" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4347.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fbe5f21f-6dfc-4392-a346-61597b2d77b4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1048525" ID-ZooBank="610C16FC-0583-4325-B264-6D768E48BC88" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1510647766962" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Castro-Gerardino, Diana Jimena & Llorente-Bousquets, Jorge" docDate="2017" docId="4F018817FF99144DFF09F8FDDABAF948" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4347.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4347 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Moschoneura Butler 1870" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="429" masterDocId="B338F06FFF821451FF9EFFC9D954FFF4" masterDocTitle="Comparative exploration of antennae in Pseudopontia, and antennal clubs of the tribes Leptideini and Dismorphiini (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)" masterLastPageNumber="445" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="428" updateTime="1698484273336" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="2626CF125D5CB80FFE2072E7D370FD36" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="279BA78836069906F3796B0E70196F38">
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<mods:title id="F3438D30B47D5DF1245B9E2B388FFA29">Comparative exploration of antennae in Pseudopontia, and antennal clubs of the tribes Leptideini and Dismorphiini (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A711954BBC324AA76C20EC61A568EB3E">Castro-Gerardino, Diana Jimena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B34558AA18A79EB8B35480D6E496FF14">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AAE52F3CE7D12B5EBC6C54A873DBA9CD">Llorente-Bousquets, Jorge</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="6EA6501E9F6527D8CEC6E055464B6E7D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="F5D5E59AC36D4417AC6BBFECCAFBEE4D">
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<mods:title id="E3898991875833E59F69E8909893C1FE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="05AC4E456A40825D956FD45372858C28">
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<mods:date id="7A69B828E78D5033665A783F897E3CDB">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="7D218FF3C9EE69B045C65CAE14A1C016" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="18E0B301B5CA8F807A7F529FD093928C">2017-11-14</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="35F39F12E3A16A2AE4258EE960C64D44" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="ECA88E061F47B29AADA06821BDA0A79A">4347</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="9A3F288C06493673121C0A30D3550F83" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F09610CCCCE4C31C499B10D3568A6010">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="85C9AE1B3DD9107FC77B18224D2D7953">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CBA5F34275810C5D28C74913B59EA1CB" type="CLB-Dataset">31547</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D855713CFD7E48C0644EFD467F5C74DC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4347.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1DB1E4664F0D5A7C82F760FF5E95ECA5" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4F018817FF99144DFF09F8FDDABAF948" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6002171" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137294970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6002171" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4F018817FF99144DFF09F8FDDABAF948" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F018817FF99144DFF09F8FDDABAF948" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="429" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
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<subSubSection id="8FB26A8AFF99144AFF09F8FDDA1BF843" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C7173901FF99144AFF09F8FDD86BF8BA" blockId="27.[151,319,1844,1870]" box="[151,319,1844,1870]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
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<heading id="9C5F8E6DFF99144AFF09F8FDD86BF8BA" bold="true" box="[151,319,1844,1870]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF99144AFF09F8FDD86BF8BA" ID-CoL="5VDD" ID-ENA="320274" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,319,1844,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF99144AFF09F8FDD86BF8BA" bold="true" box="[151,319,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Moschoneura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C7173901FF99144AFF09F8B2DA1BF843" blockId="27.[151,1436,1914,2011]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
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We studied only males of the following subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF99144AFC8DF8B2DAF9F867" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1870" box="[787,941,1915,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF99144AFC8DF8B2DAF9F867" box="[787,941,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">Moschoneura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF99144AFC21F8B2DD28F867" authorityName="Le Crom, Llorente & Fagua" authorityYear="2004" box="[959,1148,1915,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ela" subSpecies="xanthella">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF99144AFC21F8B2DD28F867" box="[959,1148,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">M. ela xanthella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF99144AFB10F8B2DC38F867" authority="ithomia" authorityName="ithomia (Hewitson" authorityYear="1867" box="[1166,1388,1915,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ithomia" subSpecies="ithomia">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF99144AFB10F8B2DC38F867" box="[1166,1388,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">M. ithomia ithomia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF99144AFAE3F8B2D803F842" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="patricia">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF99144AFAE3F8B2D803F842" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">M. pinthous patricia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF99144AFE0AF856DB20F842" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[404,628,1950,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="monica">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF99144AFE0AF856DB20F842" box="[404,628,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">M. pinthous monica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see the appendix).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8FB26A8AFF99144DFF59F80FDABAF948" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="429" pageId="27" pageNumber="428" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C7173901FF99144DFF59F80FDA29FF21" blockId="27.[151,1436,1914,2011]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1437,151,1725]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="429" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF99144AFF59F80FD8D8F82E" bold="true" box="[199,396,1990,2010]" pageId="27" pageNumber="428">ANTENNAL CLUB</emphasis>
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: The antenna is greater than one-half the length of the costal margin of the forewing; it is clavate. The scaleless antennal club ranges from 1280–1700 µm (
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<figureCitation id="5F932584FF9E144DFCE7FF5EDA85FF44" box="[889,977,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,553,1508]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,553,1516]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. (A – D). Antennal club II of Dismorphiinae species. A. Dismorphia theucharila fortunata ♂ (x 95); B. Moschoneura ela xanthella ♂ (x 75); C. Patia c. cordillera ♂ (x 47); D. Patia rethes ♂ (x 32)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048543/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
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), with an average of
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<quantity id="005094E4FF9E144DFB21FF51DC42FF5B" box="[1215,1302,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
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(1410 µm).
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFF09FF74D86AFF20" authorityName="Le Crom, Llorente & Fagua" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,318,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ela" subSpecies="xanthella">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFF09FF74D86AFF20" box="[151,318,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. e. xanthella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has the longest club and
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFDC4FF74DBB9FF20" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[602,749,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="monica">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFDC4FF74DBB9FF20" box="[602,749,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. monica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the shortest.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C7173901FF9E144DFF59FF2AD84AFD04" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFF59FF2AD8D2FF03" bold="true" box="[199,390,227,247]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">ANTENNOMERES</emphasis>
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: There are usually seven to eight scaleless antennomeres: seven in
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFB11FF28DC70FF0C" authorityName="ithomia (Hewitson" authorityYear="1867" box="[1167,1316,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ithomia" subSpecies="ithomia">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFB11FF28DC70FF0C" box="[1167,1316,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. i. ithomia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFAC1FF28D9BEFEE8" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="monica">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFAC1FF28D9BEFEE8" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. monica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; eight in
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFECCFECCD8ADFEE8" authorityName="Le Crom, Llorente & Fagua" authorityYear="2004" box="[338,505,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ela" subSpecies="xanthella">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFECCFECCD8ADFEE8" box="[338,505,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. e. xanthella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFDB0FECCDB93FEE8" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[558,711,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="patricia">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFDB0FECCDB93FEE8" box="[558,711,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. patricia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The first scaleless antennomere is cylindrical, and the following have a hexagonal outline and are depressed (their amplitude is 1.5 times its length) (
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<figureCitation id="5F932584FF9E144DFB00FEEEDC59FEB4" box="[1182,1293,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1184,1206]" captionTargetBox="[159,1433,193,1157]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1163]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. (A – D). Mesial scaleless antennomeres II on antennal club of Dismorphiinae (counting from the scaleless baseline). A. Eighth antennomere in Pseudopieris nehemia aequatorialis ♂ (x 400); B. Fourth antennomere in Lieinix nemesis athis ♀ (x 300); C. Fourth antennomere in Dismorphia amphione isolda ♂ (x 300); D. Fourth antennomere of Moschoneura pinthous monica ♂ (x 450)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048547/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
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). The distal antennomere is digitiform with a slight constriction in the middle (
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<figureCitation id="5F932584FF9E144DFC1DFE85DA8FFE90" box="[899,987,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,553,1508]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,553,1516]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. (A – D). Antennal club II of Dismorphiinae species. A. Dismorphia theucharila fortunata ♂ (x 95); B. Moschoneura ela xanthella ♂ (x 75); C. Patia c. cordillera ♂ (x 47); D. Patia rethes ♂ (x 32)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048543/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
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). The first antennomere is scaled on the dorsal surface and there are a few scales laterally; however,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFCDEFEB8DA81FE73" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[832,981,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="monica">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFCDEFEB8DA81FE73" box="[832,981,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. monica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has scales on the mesial-ventral surface but not at the base of the antennomere. Usually the scaled area on the dorsal surface occurs on the first and sometimes the second antennomere (
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFDAAFE70DB93FE3B" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[564,711,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="monica">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFDAAFE70DB93FE3B" box="[564,711,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. monica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). The distal antennomere corresponds to two fused and is a little less than twice in length than preceding (
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<figureCitation id="5F932584FF9E144DFDE6FE15DBB6FE00" box="[632,738,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1854,1876]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1833]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,373,1833]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 11. (A – F). Distal antennomeres fused in Dismorphiinae and location of lateral sulci. A. Pseudopontia gola (x 450) where there is a ventral unfinished division; B. Enantia citrinella ♂ (x 200); it can observed the ventral fusion of three antennomeres and the dorsal division between the last distals (two fused); C. Dismorphia eunoe eunoe ♀ (x 350), where there is apparently no fusion of the distal antennomeres; D. Moschoneura pinthous monica ♂ (x 300) where the fusion / division is shown in the distal antennomere; E. Patia cordillera cordillera ♀ (x 170); F. Dorsal view of the scaleless club of Pseudopieris sp. nov. ♀ (x 80) in which it can observed an asymmetric lateral, lateral-dorsal, and dorsal distribution of the lateral sulci." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048549/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
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). Sometimes between the distal and penultimate, there is an incomplete cleavage (
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFE11FDC8DB7FFDE3" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[399,555,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="patricia">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFE11FDC8DB7FFDE3" box="[399,555,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. patricia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFDDAFDC8DB8FFDE3" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[580,731,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="monica">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFDDAFDC8DB8FFDE3" box="[580,731,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. monica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a slight suture that occurs when the fusion of the last two antennomeres is not complete. The area without sensilla on the dorsal surface occurs from the third antennomere to the distal end, and not in the middle of the antennomere as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFCD8FD81DA8CFD94" authorityName="Castro-Gerardino & Llorente-Bousquets" authorityYear="2017" box="[838,984,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pseudopieris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFCD8FD81DA8CFD94" box="[838,984,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">Pseudopieris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the “naked” area is on the base in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFAFCFD80D9BEFD70" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="monica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFAFCFD80D9BEFD70" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. monica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. On the ventral surface of the first scaleless antennomere there is only a very small lateral sulcus (i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFAF6FDA4D9BEFD53" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="monica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFAF6FDA4D9BEFD53" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p monica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFE81FD58D8FAFD5C" authorityName="ithomia (Hewitson" authorityYear="1867" box="[287,430,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ithomia" subSpecies="ithomia">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFE81FD58D8FAFD5C" box="[287,430,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. i. ithomia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFE7DFD58DBDEFD5C" authorityName="Le Crom, Llorente & Fagua" authorityYear="2004" box="[483,650,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ela" subSpecies="xanthella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFE7DFD58DBDEFD5C" box="[483,650,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. e. xanthella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
we observed the two lateral sulci unreduced, and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFB4AFD58DC39FD53" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[1236,1389,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="patricia">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFB4AFD58DC39FD53" box="[1236,1389,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. patricia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
one of them is slightly reduced. Central sulci are present in all scaleless antennomeres and always have similar dimensions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF9E144DFF59FD36DD7CFBAC" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFF59FD36D8BBFCE7" bold="true" box="[199,495,767,787]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">SULCI AND PSEUDOSULCI</emphasis>
|
||
: The sulci are very large and are very close together; they are almost circular or elliptical horizontal, reaching the distal edge of the antennomere, and are truncated. They have a well-defined outline and almost always are regular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF9E144DFDCDFC8DDBEEFCA8" box="[595,698,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1706,1728]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,207,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,207,1663]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. (A – F). Central sulci and pseudosulci in some species of Dismorphiinae. A. Sulcus in the 2 ° antennomere in Leptidea gigantea ♂ (x 451); B. Sulcus in the 2 ° antennomere of L. gigantea ♀ (x 800) irregular outline and near to pseudosulcus; C. Sulcus 6 ° antennomere in Enantia jethys ♂ (x 850), with two pseudosulci; D. Central sulcus (well-defined boundary) in the 2 ° antennomere of Pseudopieris nehemia jessica ♂ (x 900); E. Sulcus in the 3 ° antennomere of Moschoneura pinthous ♂ (x 550); F. Sulcus in the 5 ° antennomere Patia c. cordillera ♀ (x 550)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048551/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
|
||
). They occupy one-half the length of the antennomere and range from one-half to two-thirds in width (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF9E144DFDDFFCAEDBFFFC74" box="[577,683,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1184,1206]" captionTargetBox="[159,1433,193,1157]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1163]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 10. (A – D). Mesial scaleless antennomeres II on antennal club of Dismorphiinae (counting from the scaleless baseline). A. Eighth antennomere in Pseudopieris nehemia aequatorialis ♂ (x 400); B. Fourth antennomere in Lieinix nemesis athis ♀ (x 300); C. Fourth antennomere in Dismorphia amphione isolda ♂ (x 300); D. Fourth antennomere of Moschoneura pinthous monica ♂ (x 450)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048547/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Almost all central sulci have a similar size, although the distal is always a little smaller. The number of sulci has the following configurations: 7 central and 10 lateral in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFAFAFC44D9B8FC3C" authorityName="ithomia (Hewitson" authorityYear="1867" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ithomia" subSpecies="ithomia">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFAFAFC44D9B8FC3C" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. i. ithomia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 7 central and 11 lateral in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFDA7FC78DB80FC33" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[569,724,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="monica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFDA7FC78DB80FC33" box="[569,724,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. monica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and 7–8 central and 14 lateral in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFBEEFC78DC74FC3C" authorityName="Le Crom, Llorente & Fagua" authorityYear="2004" box="[1136,1312,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ela" subSpecies="xanthella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFBEEFC78DC74FC3C" box="[1136,1312,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. e. xanthella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFAC0FC78D9A4FC18" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="patricia">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFAC0FC78D9A4FC18" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. patricia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Pseudosulci are usually lacking; there may be two in the entire antennal club (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFBFBFC1CDC58FC18" authorityName="Le Crom, Llorente & Fagua" authorityYear="2004" box="[1125,1292,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ela" subSpecies="xanthella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFBFBFC1CDC58FC18" box="[1125,1292,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. e. xanthella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The lateral sulci are almost as large as the central one, occupying one-third to one-half the length of the antennomere and are truncated. Only the lateral sulci of the first antennomere (or rarely the second) has a lateral-mesial position; the remainder are located laterally and the last one is located laterally or laterodorsal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF9E144DFF59FBAED87CFB54" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFF59FBAED82CFB8F" bold="true" box="[199,376,1127,1147]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">MICROTRICHIA</emphasis>
|
||
: We observed m1 and m2 types. The ratio in the sulci is one sensillum for every three or four microtrichia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF9E144DFF59FB66DA88FAF9" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFF59FB66D8E5FB37" bold="true" box="[199,433,1199,1219]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">TRICHOID SENSILLA</emphasis>
|
||
: The stems of these sensilla are 19–22 µm in length. Apparently they do not have pores, and only in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFEBBFB18D891FB13" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[293,453,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="patricia">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFEBBFB18D891FB13" box="[293,453,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. patricia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were a few streaks observed in the cuticular wall, particularly toward the apex. The cuticular ring is independent of the microtrichia or they are partially fused.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF9E144DFF59FAD2DA1FF9A4" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFF59FAD2D8F2FADB" bold="true" box="[199,422,1307,1327]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">CHAETIC SENSILLA</emphasis>
|
||
: We found sq1 and sq2 types; the sq1 are like those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFB82FAD1DDE2FAC4" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1870" box="[1052,1206,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pseudopontia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFB82FAD1DDE2FAC4" box="[1052,1206,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">Pseudopontia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but longer; they are also thinner than those in other genera of the tribe. We note three chaetic sensilla sq1 next to the central sulcus (two near the distal edge and the other toward the medial antennomere) and one sensillum below each lateral sulcus for a total of five in the ventral surface. The length of the sq1 is 38–66 µm;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFC50FA4CDD23FA68" authorityName="Le Crom, Llorente & Fagua" authorityYear="2004" box="[974,1143,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ela" subSpecies="xanthella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFC50FA4CDD23FA68" box="[974,1143,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. e. xanthella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the longest and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFAFFFA4CD9A4FA4B" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="patricia">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFAFFFA4CD9A4FA4B" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. patricia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the shortest sensilla. The chaetic sq2 sensilla are present in the first antennomere in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFB58FA60DC39FA34" authorityName="Le Crom, Llorente & Fagua" authorityYear="2004" box="[1222,1389,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ela" subSpecies="xanthella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFB58FA60DC39FA34" box="[1222,1389,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. e. xanthella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFF09FA04D87CFA10" authorityName="ithomia (Hewitson" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,296,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ithomia" subSpecies="ithomia">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFF09FA04D87CFA10" box="[151,296,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. i. ithomia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; in the first two in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFD9FFA04DBC2FA10" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[513,662,1485,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="monica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFD9FFA04DBC2FA10" box="[513,662,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. monica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and in almost all in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFC1AFA04DD4BFA10" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[900,1055,1485,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="patricia">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFC1AFA04DD4BFA10" box="[900,1055,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. patricia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The sq2 are shorter than sq1 and measure 29–32 µm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF9E144DFEE0FA26D8B1F9FC" box="[382,485,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1190,1212]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,193,1167]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1169]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 15. Types of chaetic sensilla in Pseudopontinae and Dismorphiinae. A. sq 1 in Pseudopontia paradoxa (x 1.8 k) where the sensilas are very long and thin; B. sq 1 in Leptidea amurensis amurensis ♂ (x 4.5 k), C. sq 2 in Moschoneura pinthous patricia ♂ (x 2.3 k); D. sq 3 found in Enantia jethys ♂ (x 3.5 k)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048557/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The sq1 are concentrated on the apex of the distal antennomere (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFB51FA38DC37F9F3" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[1231,1379,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="monica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFB51FA38DC37F9F3" box="[1231,1379,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. monica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and on the first antennomere in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF9E144DFE76F9DCDBD9F9D8" authorityName="Lamas" authorityYear="2004" box="[488,653,1557,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="429" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pinthous" subSpecies="patricia">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFE76F9DCDBD9F9D8" box="[488,653,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">M. p. patricia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Their length is 45–66 µm. The sensilla sq1 are abundant in the antennomere before the first scaleless one, but show no order.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF9E144DFF59F996DABAF948" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF9E144DFF59F996D8C0F987" bold="true" box="[199,404,1631,1651]" pageId="28" pageNumber="429">OTHER SENSILLA</emphasis>
|
||
: Basiconic sensilla, especially auriculate, are very common and abundant. Coeloconic sensilla sc1 are present, particularly at the apex of the distal antennomere; these sensilla is longer than those in the other genera of the tribe. The ni3 are amid the lateral sulci and are very rare.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |