550 lines
75 KiB
XML
550 lines
75 KiB
XML
<document id="0DA675E9C204A967B22D1804D62381AF" ID-CLB-Dataset="31547" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4347.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fbe5f21f-6dfc-4392-a346-61597b2d77b4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1048525" ID-ZooBank="610C16FC-0583-4325-B264-6D768E48BC88" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1510647766962" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Castro-Gerardino, Diana Jimena & Llorente-Bousquets, Jorge" docDate="2017" docId="4F018817FF8D1443FF09F993DD87F8BE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4347.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4347 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Enantia" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="419" masterDocId="B338F06FFF821451FF9EFFC9D954FFF4" masterDocTitle="Comparative exploration of antennae in Pseudopontia, and antennal clubs of the tribes Leptideini and Dismorphiini (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)" masterLastPageNumber="445" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="416" updateTime="1698484273336" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="8997624F6132E412B49B8184A0067DFD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0AFB136FD6D87EF4E044DD91C70586CE">
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<mods:title id="C3E00E34F7A731D0A737CFD774E93D64">Comparative exploration of antennae in Pseudopontia, and antennal clubs of the tribes Leptideini and Dismorphiini (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="463756D660394DAFDEF87FAE66AD18B1">Castro-Gerardino, Diana Jimena</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0246EC8C2B4920A47773658DC86F5A90" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9284AC046976D92E31DD3E8EA70E535D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="32C14D278C440DDA1A2758E7B431EDBA">Llorente-Bousquets, Jorge</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4103048561CE71348B58BF44522A5C64">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A324E58FDC889C5FB890A8E565C5EB17">
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<mods:title id="672E4AB7BD6D1C663A267017FF157CAF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A01903CFAD12900A8CEA55BD89B989A4">
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<mods:date id="76D129151A6EA042CC08319D2BB4F4E4">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A5E42527296D78C043C4249B6B6AF541" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="26F4013331ACE05A5FCB550F06ACD897">2017-11-14</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="4F3DBC987DAA9C4C55E4CE58C0C6AD3F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5D91F3196BDCFB3C0C0496F1A6AB4BDF">4347</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="9F7C9713086C5144D0207689519BABDF" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="9E7B0F4893866265372ED3DBA1D8A529">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="4343AE810F48728AF06E5EC7ADE2A599">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="803A6915C290E381CE21851D8C944943" type="CLB-Dataset">31547</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2CEA1B1E353700AAD2F6B2FCEA7F70DE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4347.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9112FA2A8D408ED6657FA15E72591C6E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F472D84675E26567BF239984828F13C0" type="Zenodo-Dep">1048525</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="699985B2DB8E1F2498852DCA1EAE7E23" type="ZooBank">610C16FC-0583-4325-B264-6D768E48BC88</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="4F018817FF8D1443FF09F993DD87F8BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6002162" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137294980" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6002162" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4F018817FF8D1443FF09F993DD87F8BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F018817FF8D1443FF09F993DD87F8BE" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
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<subSubSection id="8FB26A8AFF8D145EFF09F993DB62F8F6" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C7173901FF8D145EFF09F993D9ADF980" blockId="15.[151,249,1626,1652]" box="[151,249,1626,1652]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
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<heading id="9C5F8E6DFF8D145EFF09F993D9ADF980" bold="true" box="[151,249,1626,1652]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFF09F993D9ADF980" box="[151,249,1626,1652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFF09F993D9ADF980" bold="true" box="[151,249,1626,1652]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Enantia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C7173901FF8D145EFF09F96BDB62F8F6" blockId="15.[151,1436,1697,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
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We studied the following species and subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFD46F96BDA65F94D" box="[728,817,1698,1721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFD46F96BDA65F94D" box="[728,817,1698,1721]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Enantia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFCA1F96BDD44F94D" authority="albania" authorityName="albania (H. W. Bates" authorityYear="1864" box="[831,1040,1697,1721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="albania" subSpecies="albania">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFCA1F96BDD44F94D" box="[831,1040,1697,1721]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. albania albania</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFB83F96BDDF6F94D" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1053,1186,1697,1721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFB83F96BDDF6F94D" box="[1053,1186,1697,1721]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. citrinella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFB2EF96BDC73F94D" baseAuthorityName="Weymer" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1200,1319,1697,1721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clarissa">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFB2EF96BDC73F94D" box="[1200,1319,1697,1721]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. clarissa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFAABF96BDCC1F94D" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[1333,1429,1697,1721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jethys">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFAABF96BDCC1F94D" box="[1333,1429,1697,1721]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. jethys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFF09F90FD871F929" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[151,293,1733,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limnorina">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFF09F90FD871F929" box="[151,293,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. limnorina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFEABF90FD8A2F929" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[309,502,1733,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="aphrodite">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFEABF90FD8A2F929" box="[309,502,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. lina aphrodite</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFD9BF90FDB96F929" baseAuthorityName="H. W. Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[517,706,1733,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="galanthis">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFD9BF90FDB96F929" box="[517,706,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. lina galanthis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFD4CF90FDA2CF929" authorityName="Godman & Salvin" authorityYear="1889" box="[722,888,1733,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="marion">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFD4CF90FDA2CF929" box="[722,888,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. lina marion</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFC19F90FDA80F929" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[903,980,1733,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lina">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFC19F90FDA80F929" box="[903,980,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. lina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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ssp.,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFB88F90FDD82F929" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[1046,1238,1733,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="psamathe">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFB88F90FDD82F929" box="[1046,1238,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. lina psamathe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFB78F90FDCC1F929" authority="mazai" authorityName="mazai Llorente" authorityYear="1984" box="[1254,1429,1734,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="mazai" subSpecies="mazai">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFB78F90FDCC1F929" box="[1254,1429,1734,1757]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. mazai mazai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFF58F923D8D0F8F5" baseAuthorityName="Pruffer" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[198,388,1769,1793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melite" subSpecies="linealis">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFF58F923D8D0F8F5" box="[198,388,1769,1793]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. melite linealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see appendix).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8FB26A8AFF8D1443FF59F8D9DD87F8BE" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C7173901FF8D145EFF59F8D9DC69F8BE" blockId="15.[151,1436,1697,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFF59F8D9D8DFF8D0" bold="true" box="[199,395,1808,1828]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">ANTENNAL CLUB</emphasis>
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: The antenna is longer than one-half the costal margin of the forewing and is clavate (
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<figureCitation id="5F932584FF8D145EFAF1F8C4D9E8F8BE" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1415,1437]" captionTargetBox="[155,1430,435,1396]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,435,1404]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. (A – D). Antennal club I of Dismorphiinae species. A. Enantia c. citrinella ♂ (x 70); B. Pseudopieris v. viridula ♂ (x 70); C. Lieinix nemesis athis ♂ (x 60); D. Dismorphia amphione isolda ♂ (x 60)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048541/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
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). The length of the scaleless club ranges from
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<date id="B3161FC1FF8D145EFD5BF8FBDA0DF8BE" box="[709,857,1842,1866]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" value="1400" valueMax="2300">1400 to 2300</date>
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µm with an average of
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<quantity id="005094E4FF8D145EFBFCF8FBDDECF8BD" box="[1122,1208,1842,1866]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
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(1890 µm).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C7173901FF8D1441FF59F891D87BFE73" blockId="15.[151,1436,1697,2010]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,151,391]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="417" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFF59F891D8D2F898" bold="true" box="[199,390,1880,1900]" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">ANTENNOMERES</emphasis>
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: We found the following number of scaleless antennomeres: nine in males and females of
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFA1AF89FD9A4F865" baseAuthorityName="Weymer" baseAuthorityYear="1895" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clarissa">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFA1AF89FD9A4F865" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. clarissa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFF60F8B3D80AF865" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[254,350,1913,1937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jethys">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFF60F8B3D80AF865" box="[254,350,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. jethys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFEF2F8B3D8A5F865" authorityName="mazai Llorente" authorityYear="1984" box="[364,497,1914,1937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="mazai" subSpecies="mazai">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFEF2F8B3D8A5F865" box="[364,497,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. m. mazai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFE61F8B3DB1EF865" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[511,586,1913,1937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lina">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFE61F8B3DB1EF865" box="[511,586,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. lina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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ssp., and in males of
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFCA0F8B3DA87F865" baseAuthorityName="Pruffer" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[830,979,1913,1937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melite" subSpecies="linealis">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFCA0F8B3DA87F865" box="[830,979,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. m. linealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFB8EF8B3DDE6F865" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1040,1202,1913,1937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="aphrodite">
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<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFB8EF8B3DDE6F865" box="[1040,1202,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. l. aphrodite</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; ten in females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFA1AF8B3D9AAF841" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFA1AF8B3D9AAF841" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFEAAF857D880F841" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[308,468,1949,1973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="psamathe">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFEAAF857D880F841" box="[308,468,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. l. psamathe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFE7CF857DB2AF841" baseAuthorityName="H. W. Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[482,638,1949,1973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="galanthis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFE7CF857DB2AF841" box="[482,638,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. l. galanthis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and in males and females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFC52F857DD06F841" authorityName="Godman & Salvin" authorityYear="1889" box="[972,1106,1949,1973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="marion">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFC52F857DD06F841" box="[972,1106,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. l. marion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFB16F857DC41F841" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1160,1301,1949,1973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limnorina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFB16F857DC41F841" box="[1160,1301,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. limnorina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; nine or ten in males and females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFE3AF80BDB67F82D" authorityName="albania (H. W. Bates" authorityYear="1864" box="[420,563,1985,2009]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="albania" subSpecies="albania">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFE3AF80BDB67F82D" box="[420,563,1985,2009]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. a. albania</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF8D145EFD75F80BDA24F82D" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[747,880,1985,2009]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF8D145EFD75F80BDA24F82D" box="[747,880,1985,2009]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="416">E. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The two or three first scaleless antennomeres are cylindrical and the others are doliform and depressed; the last antennomere is finger-shaped (digitiform) and may be short or elongate. The width of the antennomeres is 1.2–2.8 times their length. The last two or three are partially fused, indicted by a dorsal suture. The distal antennomere is almost twice the length of the preceding one. Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FF09FECCD84BFEE8" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[151,287,260,284]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FF09FECCD84BFEE8" box="[151,287,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FEC6FECCD885FEE8" baseAuthorityName="Weymer" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[344,465,260,284]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clarissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FEC6FECCD885FEE8" box="[344,465,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. clarissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FD0CFECCDB8AFEE8" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[658,734,260,284]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FD0CFECCDB8AFEE8" box="[658,734,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. lina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FD78FECCDA1BFEE9" box="[742,847,260,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="have">ssp. have</taxonomicName>
|
||
up to three distally fused antennomeres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF921441FAB6FECDDCDBFEE8" box="[1320,1423,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1854,1876]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,373,1833]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,373,1833]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 11. (A – F). Distal antennomeres fused in Dismorphiinae and location of lateral sulci. A. Pseudopontia gola (x 450) where there is a ventral unfinished division; B. Enantia citrinella ♂ (x 200); it can observed the ventral fusion of three antennomeres and the dorsal division between the last distals (two fused); C. Dismorphia eunoe eunoe ♀ (x 350), where there is apparently no fusion of the distal antennomeres; D. Moschoneura pinthous monica ♂ (x 300) where the fusion / division is shown in the distal antennomere; E. Patia cordillera cordillera ♀ (x 170); F. Dorsal view of the scaleless club of Pseudopieris sp. nov. ♀ (x 80) in which it can observed an asymmetric lateral, lateral-dorsal, and dorsal distribution of the lateral sulci." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048549/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The scaled area occurs from one (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FD87FEE0DBFAFEB4" baseAuthorityName="Pruffer" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[537,686,296,320]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melite" subSpecies="linealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FD87FEE0DBFAFEB4" box="[537,686,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. m. linealis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to three (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FCB6FEE0DADDFEB4" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[808,905,296,320]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jethys">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FCB6FEE0DADDFEB4" box="[808,905,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. jethys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) antennomeres on the dorsal surface; although scales occur on the first antennomere and partially on the second, reaching less than the lower half of the antennomere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="93D76989FF921441FF09FA4EDA80FA48" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048541/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" targetBox="[155,1430,435,1396]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF921441FF09FA4EDA80FA48" blockId="16.[151,1436,1415,1468]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FF09FA4ED847FA69" bold="true" box="[151,275,1415,1437]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
(A–D). Antennal club I of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FDB5FA4EDB95FA69" box="[555,705,1415,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dismorphiinae">Dismorphiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FCA1FA40DD58FA69" authorityName="citrinella (C. Felder & R. Felder" authorityYear="1861" box="[831,1036,1415,1438]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="citrinella" subSpecies="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FCA1FA40DD58FA69" box="[831,1036,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">Enantia c. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (x70); B.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FB0EFA4EDCD6FA69" authorityName="viridula (C. Felder & R. Felder" authorityYear="1861" box="[1168,1410,1415,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pseudopieris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="viridula" subSpecies="viridula">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FB0EFA4EDCD6FA69" box="[1168,1410,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">Pseudopieris v. viridula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (x70); C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FF66FA6ED898FA48" baseAuthorityName="Doubleday" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[248,460,1446,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Lieinix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nemesis" subSpecies="athis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FF66FA6ED898FA48" box="[248,460,1446,1468]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">Lieinix nemesis athis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (x60); D.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FDCEFA6FDA23FA48" authorityName="Llorente" authorityYear="1984" box="[592,887,1446,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Dismorphia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="amphione" subSpecies="isolda">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FDCEFA6FDA23FA48" box="[592,887,1446,1468]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">Dismorphia amphione isolda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (x60).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF921441FF59FA2EDB79F807" blockId="16.[151,1437,1507,2036]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FF59FA2ED8A7FA0F" bold="true" box="[199,499,1511,1531]" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">SULCI AND PSEUDOSULCI</emphasis>
|
||
: Sulci may vary in shape and size; they are often irregular and conspicuously disaggregated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF921441FEDBF9CED8F7F9D4" box="[325,419,1543,1568]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1184,1206]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1163]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1163]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 9. (A – D). Mesial scaleless antennomeres I of Pseudopontiinae and Dismorphiinae species (from the scaleless baseline). A. Tenth antennomere in antenna of Pseudopontia paradoxa (x 270); B. Fourth antennomere in the antennal club of Leptidea gigantea ♂ (x 500); C. Fifth antennomere in L. gigantea ♀ (x 375); D. Fifth antennomere of Enantia citrinella ♂ (x 370)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048545/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
|
||
), but in other cases they are semicircular or elliptical (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FBB7F9C1DD91F9EB" baseAuthorityName="Pruffer" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[1065,1221,1543,1567]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melite" subSpecies="linealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FBB7F9C1DD91F9EB" box="[1065,1221,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. m. linealis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FA9CF9C1DCD8F9EB" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1282,1420,1543,1567]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FA9CF9C1DCD8F9EB" box="[1282,1420,1543,1567]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Usually they are wider than long, and the central ones extend between one-sixth and one-half the length of the antennomere, occupy one-eighth to one-half of its width, and may or may not be truncated by the distal margin of the antennomere (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF921441FEFFF9BAD89DF978" box="[353,457,1651,1676]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1706,1728]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,207,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,207,1663]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 12. (A – F). Central sulci and pseudosulci in some species of Dismorphiinae. A. Sulcus in the 2 ° antennomere in Leptidea gigantea ♂ (x 451); B. Sulcus in the 2 ° antennomere of L. gigantea ♀ (x 800) irregular outline and near to pseudosulcus; C. Sulcus 6 ° antennomere in Enantia jethys ♂ (x 850), with two pseudosulci; D. Central sulcus (well-defined boundary) in the 2 ° antennomere of Pseudopieris nehemia jessica ♂ (x 900); E. Sulcus in the 3 ° antennomere of Moschoneura pinthous ♂ (x 550); F. Sulcus in the 5 ° antennomere Patia c. cordillera ♀ (x 550)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048551/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
|
||
); they are reduced in the first antennomere and in the distal one. The difference in size between the lateral and central sulci also varies. Sometimes the first antennomere has several pseudosulci, but when partially scaled, they are lacking. The total number is variable, even in the same species: 7–9 central and 16– 19 lateral in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FE12F929DB4BF903" authorityName="albania (H. W. Bates" authorityYear="1864" box="[396,543,1759,1783]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="albania" subSpecies="albania">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FE12F929DB4BF903" box="[396,543,1759,1783]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. a. albania</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 8 central and 15–17 lateral in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FC79F929DD38F903" authorityName="mazai Llorente" authorityYear="1984" box="[999,1132,1760,1783]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="mazai" subSpecies="mazai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FC79F929DD38F903" box="[999,1132,1760,1783]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. m. mazai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 8 central and 16 lateral in males and females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FE13F8CDD8BAF8E8" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[397,494,1796,1820]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jethys">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FE13F8CDD8BAF8E8" box="[397,494,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. jethys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 8 central and 17 lateral in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FC12F8CDDD51F8E8" baseAuthorityName="Weymer" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[908,1029,1796,1820]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clarissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FC12F8CDDD51F8E8" box="[908,1029,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. clarissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 8 central and 18 lateral in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FF09F8E1D849F8CB" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[151,285,1831,1855]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FF09F8E1D849F8CB" box="[151,285,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FECBF8E1D8BEF8CB" baseAuthorityName="Pruffer" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[341,490,1831,1855]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melite" subSpecies="linealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FECBF8E1D8BEF8CB" box="[341,490,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. m. linealis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and in females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FD5AF8E1DA31F8CB" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[708,869,1831,1855]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="psamathe">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FD5AF8E1DA31F8CB" box="[708,869,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. l. psamathe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 8–9 central and 16–17 lateral in females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FAFFF8E1D98EF897" authorityName="mazai Llorente" authorityYear="1984" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="mazai" subSpecies="mazai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FAFFF8E1D98EF897" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. m. mazai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 8–10 central and 16–18 lateral in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FD56F885DA47F890" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[712,787,1868,1892]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FD56F885DA47F890" box="[712,787,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. lina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ssp.; 9 central and 14 lateral in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FB40F885DC2BF890" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1246,1407,1868,1892]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="aphrodite">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FB40F885DC2BF890" box="[1246,1407,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. l. aphrodite</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 9 central and 16 lateral in females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FDB2F8B9DBF1F873" baseAuthorityName="Weymer" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[556,677,1903,1927]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clarissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FDB2F8B9DBF1F873" box="[556,677,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. clarissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 9 central and 17 lateral in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FBD5F8B9DD80F873" authorityName="Godman & Salvin" authorityYear="1889" box="[1099,1236,1903,1927]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="marion">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FBD5F8B9DD80F873" box="[1099,1236,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. l. marion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 9 central and 18 lateral in females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FE17F85DD883F858" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[393,471,1940,1964]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FE17F85DD883F858" box="[393,471,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. lina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ssp.; 9 central and 19 lateral in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FC21F85DDD04F858" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[959,1104,1940,1964]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limnorina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FC21F85DDD04F858" box="[959,1104,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. limnorina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 10 central and 17 lateral in females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FE8BF871D8F3F83B" authorityName="albania (H. W. Bates" authorityYear="1864" box="[277,423,1975,1999]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="albania" subSpecies="albania">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FE8BF871D8F3F83B" box="[277,423,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. a. albania</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FE41F871DB39F83B" box="[479,621,1975,1999]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citirinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FE41F871DB39F83B" box="[479,621,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. citirinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 10 central and 18 lateral in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FB83F871DDE8F83B" baseAuthorityName="H. W. Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1053,1212,1975,1999]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="galanthis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FB83F871DDE8F83B" box="[1053,1212,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. l. galanthis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and 10 central and 19 lateral in females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF921441FE3EF815DB72F807" authorityName="Godman & Salvin" authorityYear="1889" box="[416,550,2012,2036]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="16" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="marion">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF921441FE3EF815DB72F807" box="[416,550,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="417">E. l. marion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF931440FF59FF51DA1DFE01" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
|
||
We noticed that yellow or orange
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FDDDFF51DBC8FF5B" box="[579,668,152,175]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FDDDFF51DBC8FF5B" box="[579,668,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Enantia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have seven to nine central sulci (mainly eight) and 14 to 19 laterals, whereas white
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FEDFFF74D8CEFF20" box="[321,410,189,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FEDFFF74D8CEFF20" box="[321,410,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Enantia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have eight to ten central sulci (mostly nine) and 14 to 19 laterals. The lateral sulci occupy one-sixth to one-half the length of the antennomere and may be truncated or not; most are irregular and some are disaggregated, but often are nearly rectangular. Exceptionally, in the female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FB8DFECCDDCEFEE8" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1043,1178,260,284]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FB8DFECCDDCEFEE8" box="[1043,1178,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, some lateral sulci can occupy the antennomere from the distal to the basal margin. The position of lateral sulci in the first two antennomeres is lateral-mesial, in the following, it is lateral, and in the distal antennomere it is lateral-dorsal. In the antennomeres we find pseudosulci, and these contain few (two or three) or many sensilla as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FB7DFEB8DC13FE73" authorityName="Llorente-Bousquets" authorityYear="1984" box="[1251,1351,368,392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mazai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FB7DFEB8DC13FE73" box="[1251,1351,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. mazai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, where some pseudosulci have up to 15 sensilla; these are more abundant when sulci are disaggregated. They are very frequent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FE84FE70D82FFE24" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[282,379,440,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jethys">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FE84FE70D82FFE24" box="[282,379,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. jethys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FE6CFE70DB2DFE24" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[498,633,440,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FE6CFE70DB2DFE24" box="[498,633,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FD26FE70DA13FE24" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[696,839,440,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limnorina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FD26FE70DA13FE24" box="[696,839,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. limnorina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FB9AFE70DD29FE24" baseAuthorityName="Weymer" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1028,1149,440,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clarissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FB9AFE70DD29FE24" box="[1028,1149,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. clarissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, where three or more per antennomere are located between the central and lateral sulci.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="93D76989FF931440FF09F9CBDAFBF9C2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048543/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" targetBox="[160,1430,553,1508]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF931440FF09F9CBDAFBF9C2" blockId="17.[151,1436,1538,1591]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FF09F9CBD846F9E3" bold="true" box="[151,274,1538,1560]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
(A–D). Antennal club II of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FDB5F9CBDB95F9EC" box="[555,705,1538,1560]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dismorphiinae">Dismorphiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FCA5F9CBDDC6F9EC" baseAuthorityName="Lucas" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[827,1170,1538,1560]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Dismorphia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="theucharila" subSpecies="fortunata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FCA5F9CBDDC6F9EC" box="[827,1170,1538,1560]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Dismorphia theucharila fortunata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (x95); B.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FA8FF9CBD84EF9C2" authorityName="Le Crom, Llorente & Fagua" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Moschoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ela" subSpecies="xanthella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FA8FF9CBD84EF9C2" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Moschoneura ela xanthella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (x75); C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FE02F9E8DB02F9C2" authorityName="cordillera (C. Felder & R. Felder" authorityYear="1862" box="[412,598,1568,1591]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Patia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cordillera" subSpecies="cordillera">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FE02F9E8DB02F9C2" box="[412,598,1568,1591]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Patia c. cordillera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (x47); D.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FD46F9E8DA06F9C2" box="[728,850,1568,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Patia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rethes">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FD46F9E8DA06F9C2" box="[728,850,1568,1590]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Patia rethes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (x32).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF931440FF59F9A8DB6EF915" blockId="17.[151,1436,1629,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FF59F9A8D82CF981" bold="true" box="[199,376,1633,1653]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">MICROTRICHIA</emphasis>
|
||
: All species have
|
||
<typeStatus id="181387A3FF931440FDDBF996DBD4F983" box="[581,640,1631,1655]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">types</typeStatus>
|
||
m1 and m2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF931440FC8AF994DA2EF982" box="[788,890,1629,1654]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1742,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,237,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,237,1692]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 13. (A – F). Trichoid sensilla in central sulci of Pseudopontiinae and Dismorphiinae. A. Pseudopontia paradoxa (x 4.0 k), with large pore (p) among microtrichia (m 1) and small cuticular prominences (pc); B. Leptidea juvernica ♂ (x 3.5 k; LCCA 10 kV; WIDTH 37.7 µm) with prominences (pc), more abundant; C. Enantia citrinella ♂ (x 2.7 k) with pores (p), like P. paradoxa, but scarcer; bases of sensilla with ornamentations (arrow); D. Pseudopieris sp. nov. ♂ (x 3.5 k) has the shorter sensilla; E. Lieinix neblina ♂ (x 3.5 k), the bases of the sensilla highly ornamented (arrows); F. Dismorphia amphione isolda ♀ (x 3.5 k)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048553/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
|
||
); in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FC35F996DD65F982" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[939,1073,1630,1654]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FC35F996DD65F982" box="[939,1073,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FBA1F996DDE3F982" baseAuthorityName="Weymer" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1087,1207,1630,1654]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clarissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FBA1F996DDE3F982" box="[1087,1207,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. clarissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FB5AF996DC70F982" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[1220,1316,1630,1654]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jethys">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FB5AF996DC70F982" box="[1220,1316,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. jethys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FAFCF996D9BEF96E" baseAuthorityName="Pruffer" baseAuthorityYear="1922" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="melite" subSpecies="linealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FAFCF996D9BEF96E" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. m. linealis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, m3 surrounds the coeloconic sensilla
|
||
<typeStatus id="181387A3FF931440FD01F94BDB9BF96E" box="[671,719,1666,1690]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 (sc1). In most cases, the ratio between the components of the sulci is one sensillum for every two or three microtrichia. The m1s of the distal edge of the antennomere are bigger and smooth, and have a dentate apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF931440FF59F938DB2DF862" blockId="17.[151,1436,1629,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FF59F938D8E7F8F1" bold="true" box="[199,435,1777,1797]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">TRICHOID SENSILLA</emphasis>
|
||
: The stalk is 18–22µm in length. In some species, the trichoid sensilla have a slender stalk and an acute apex (although not as much as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FD44F8DBDA7CF8DD" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1832" box="[730,808,1810,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Lieinix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FD44F8DBDA7CF8DD" box="[730,808,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Lieinix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); in others, stems of the sensilla are thick and the apices are blunt and wide. There are tiny pores in the cuticular wall. Sometimes in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FC77F8FEDD1EF8BA" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[1001,1098,1846,1870]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jethys">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FC77F8FEDD1EF8BA" box="[1001,1098,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. jethys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the stalk is bifurcate with two apices. The “cuticular ring” and m
|
||
<date id="B3161FC1FF931440FDBFF893DB37F886" box="[545,611,1882,1906]" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">1 may</date>
|
||
be partially fused or independent (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FC6EF893DD23F886" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1008,1143,1882,1906]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FC6EF893DD23F886" box="[1008,1143,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF931440FB30F893DC73F886" baseAuthorityName="Weymer" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1198,1319,1882,1906]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clarissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF931440FB30F893DC73F886" box="[1198,1319,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">E. clarissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); in a few cases m1 surrounds the sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF931440FD98F8B4DB38F862" box="[518,620,1917,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1742,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,237,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,237,1692]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 13. (A – F). Trichoid sensilla in central sulci of Pseudopontiinae and Dismorphiinae. A. Pseudopontia paradoxa (x 4.0 k), with large pore (p) among microtrichia (m 1) and small cuticular prominences (pc); B. Leptidea juvernica ♂ (x 3.5 k; LCCA 10 kV; WIDTH 37.7 µm) with prominences (pc), more abundant; C. Enantia citrinella ♂ (x 2.7 k) with pores (p), like P. paradoxa, but scarcer; bases of sensilla with ornamentations (arrow); D. Pseudopieris sp. nov. ♂ (x 3.5 k) has the shorter sensilla; E. Lieinix neblina ♂ (x 3.5 k), the bases of the sensilla highly ornamented (arrows); F. Dismorphia amphione isolda ♀ (x 3.5 k)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048553/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="418">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="93D76989FF901443FF09FB69D9B5FAE6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048545/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1163]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF901443FF09FB69D9B5FAE6" blockId="18.[151,1436,1184,1298]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FF09FB69D84CFB41" bold="true" box="[151,280,1184,1206]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
(A–D). Mesial scaleless antennomeres I of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FD67FB69DAF4FB42" box="[761,928,1184,1206]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pseudopontiinae">Pseudopontiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FC42FB69DD26FB42" box="[988,1138,1184,1206]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dismorphiinae">Dismorphiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (from the scaleless baseline). A. Tenth antennomere in antenna of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FDE9FB76DA3EFB21" baseAuthorityName="R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[631,874,1215,1237]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pseudopontia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FDE9FB76DA3EFB21" box="[631,874,1215,1237]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Pseudopontia paradoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(x270); B. Fourth antennomere in the antennal club of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FF09FB14D806FB07" baseAuthorityName="Leech" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[151,338,1245,1267]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigantea">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FF09FB14D806FB07" box="[151,338,1245,1267]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Leptidea gigantea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (x500); C. Fifth antennomere in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FD4EFB17DA13FB07" baseAuthorityName="Leech" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[720,839,1246,1267]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigantea">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FD4EFB17DA13FB07" box="[720,839,1246,1267]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">L. gigantea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♀ (x375); D. Fifth antennomere of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FB57FB17DCD4FB07" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1225,1408,1245,1267]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FB57FB17DCD4FB07" box="[1225,1408,1245,1267]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Enantia citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ (x370).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF901443FF59FAF5DC6EF9F1" blockId="18.[151,1437,1337,1866]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FF59FAF5D8F2FAA4" bold="true" box="[199,422,1340,1360]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">CHAETIC SENSILLA</emphasis>
|
||
: These sensilla measure are 23–31 µm in length. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FC62FAF3DD21FAA5" baseAuthorityName="Weymer" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1020,1141,1337,1361]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clarissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FC62FAF3DD21FAA5" box="[1020,1141,1337,1361]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">E. clarissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are very close to the sulci; infrequently they are inside or on its edge. We found type sq
|
||
<quantity id="005094E4FF901443FC30FA97DA8CFA82" box="[942,984,1373,1398]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
all species. The sq2 occurs only in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FA1AFA97D852FA6D" baseAuthorityName="C. Felder & R. Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limnorina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FA1AFA97D852FA6D" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">E. limnorina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the sq
|
||
<quantity id="005094E4FF901443FE1CFA4BD8F8FA6E" box="[386,428,1409,1434]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FE2AFA4BDB42FA6D" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[436,534,1409,1433]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jethys">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FE2AFA4BDB42FA6D" box="[436,534,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">E. jethys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF901443FDB8FA48DBDBFA6E" box="[550,655,1409,1434]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1190,1212]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,193,1167]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1169]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 15. Types of chaetic sensilla in Pseudopontinae and Dismorphiinae. A. sq 1 in Pseudopontia paradoxa (x 1.8 k) where the sensilas are very long and thin; B. sq 1 in Leptidea amurensis amurensis ♂ (x 4.5 k), C. sq 2 in Moschoneura pinthous patricia ♂ (x 2.3 k); D. sq 3 found in Enantia jethys ♂ (x 3.5 k)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048557/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Usually, there is one or two (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FC73FA4BDD20FA6D" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1005,1140,1409,1433]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FC73FA4BDD20FA6D" box="[1005,1140,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">E. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) under each lateral sulcus and in most cases, there is also one on each side of the central sulcus. They are not grouped at the apex of the distal antennomere, as in other genera of Dismorphiini, (except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FCD4FA03DA95FA15" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[842,961,1481,1505]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albania">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FCD4FA03DA95FA15" box="[842,961,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">E. albania</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FC4EFA03DD66FA15" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[976,1074,1481,1505]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jethys">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FC4EFA03DD66FA15" box="[976,1074,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">E. jethys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FBDCFA03DD85FA15" box="[1090,1233,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FBDCFA03DD99FA15" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1860" box="[1090,1229,1481,1505]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galanthis">E. galanthis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FA92FA03DC0CFA15" baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[1292,1368,1481,1505]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lina">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FA92FA03DC0CFA15" box="[1292,1368,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">E. lina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ssp.), where they are on the anterior half of the antennomere and very close to the distal edge, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FB31FA27DC67F9F1" authorityName="mazai Llorente" authorityYear="1984" box="[1199,1331,1518,1541]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="mazai" subSpecies="mazai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FB31FA27DC67F9F1" box="[1199,1331,1518,1541]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">E. m. mazai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF901443FF59F9DDDCC9F92A" blockId="18.[151,1437,1337,1866]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FF59F9DDD8DAF9DC" bold="true" box="[199,398,1556,1576]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">OTHER SENSILLA</emphasis>
|
||
: We observed basiconic and auriculate sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF901443FC2CF9D8DD4FF9DE" box="[946,1051,1553,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1180,1202]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,193,1154]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,193,1158]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 14. (A – D). Sensilla in Dismorphiinae. A. Coeloconic sensilla type 1 (sc 1) in Dismorphia spio ♂ (x 9.0 k) surrounded by m 2; B. Coeloconic sensilla type 1 (sc 1) in Lieinix nemesis athis ♂ (x 6.5 k) accompanied by m 3; C. Coeloconic sensilla type 2 (sc 2) in Leptidea duponcheli ♂ (x 8.0 k) associated with m 4; D. Basiconic sensilla (sb) in Enantia citrinella ♀ (x 6.5 k)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048555/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
|
||
); the latter are more abundant and like basiconic sensilla, they are scattered throughout the antennomere, except in the sulci.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FB00F9FFDC72F9B9" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1182,1318,1589,1613]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FB00F9FFDC72F9B9" box="[1182,1318,1589,1613]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">E. citrinella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a few sensilla
|
||
<typeStatus id="181387A3FF901443FF6CF993D876F986" box="[242,290,1626,1650]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 (sc1) coeloconic sensilla on the ventral surface; these are more abundant in the lateral-dorsal region and near the proximal edge of the antennomere. The sensilla are not within the lateral sulci of intermediate antennomeres, and ni3 is at the apex of the distal. In the first non-scaley antennomere of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FB3EF96BDC71F94D" authorityName="Godman & Salvin" authorityYear="1889" box="[1184,1317,1697,1721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="marion">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FB3EF96BDC71F94D" box="[1184,1317,1697,1721]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">E. l. marion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we found a sensilla ni5 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF901443FEA9F90CD8E5F92A" box="[311,433,1733,1758]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1496,1518]" captionTargetBox="[178,1428,193,1425]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1474]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. (A – D). A. Unidentified sensilla 3 (ni 3) with detail the apex (a). B. Unidentified sensilla 4 (ni 4), always associated with one basiconic sensillum in Lieinix cinerascens ♂; C – D. Unidentified sensilla 5 (ni 5), perhaps a type of coeloconic sensilla in Enantia lina marion ♀." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048535/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Fig. 4C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
); possibly this and other
|
||
<typeStatus id="181387A3FF901443FD56F90FDA57F92A" box="[712,771,1734,1758]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of sensilla are more abundant in the dorsal side of the club.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7173901FF901443FF59F925DD87F8BE" blockId="18.[151,1437,1337,1866]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FF59F925D845F8F4" bold="true" box="[199,273,1772,1792]" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">PORES</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FEB8F923D82BF8F5" box="[294,383,1770,1793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FEB8F923D82BF8F5" box="[294,383,1770,1793]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Enantia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has some pores in the middle of the m2, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FC47F920DD3FF8F5" authorityName="Castro-Gerardino & Llorente-Bousquets" authorityYear="2017" box="[985,1131,1769,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pseudopieris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FC47F920DD3FF8F5" box="[985,1131,1769,1793]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Pseudopieris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FA8DF923DC38F8F5" box="[1299,1388,1770,1793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FA8DF923DC38F8F5" box="[1299,1388,1770,1793]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Enantia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the microtrichia are more crowded so the pores are less conspicuous. There are also pores within the sulci, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FF09F8F8D865F8BD" authorityName="Plotz" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,305,1841,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pseudopontia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FF09F8F8D865F8BD" box="[151,305,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Pseudopontia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the following species:
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FDC6F8FBDAD8F8BD" box="[600,908,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FDC6F8FBDBA8F8BD" baseAuthorityName="Boisduval" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[600,764,1841,1865]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jethys">Enantia jethys</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FC99F8FBDAD8F8BD" baseAuthorityName="Felder & Felder" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[775,908,1841,1865]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrinella">E. citrinella</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00A84282FF901443FC54F8FBDD04F8BD" authorityName="Godman & Salvin" authorityYear="1889" box="[970,1104,1841,1865]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Enantia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="419" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lina" subSpecies="marion">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5DCE513FF901443FC54F8FBDD04F8BD" box="[970,1104,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">E. l. marion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F932584FF901443FBC1F8F8DD92F8BE" box="[1119,1222,1841,1866]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1742,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,237,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,237,1692]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 13. (A – F). Trichoid sensilla in central sulci of Pseudopontiinae and Dismorphiinae. A. Pseudopontia paradoxa (x 4.0 k), with large pore (p) among microtrichia (m 1) and small cuticular prominences (pc); B. Leptidea juvernica ♂ (x 3.5 k; LCCA 10 kV; WIDTH 37.7 µm) with prominences (pc), more abundant; C. Enantia citrinella ♂ (x 2.7 k) with pores (p), like P. paradoxa, but scarcer; bases of sensilla with ornamentations (arrow); D. Pseudopieris sp. nov. ♂ (x 3.5 k) has the shorter sensilla; E. Lieinix neblina ♂ (x 3.5 k), the bases of the sensilla highly ornamented (arrows); F. Dismorphia amphione isolda ♀ (x 3.5 k)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048553/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="419">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |