treatments-xml/data/2A/78/AE/2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.46.94940" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2367-5365-46-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5847425A1F36508FAD4D74C689617C45" ID-ZooBank="B8A2AB4CCD6E4D43886731FDE762C3E4" ModsDocID="2367-5365-46-1" checkinTime="1673581387357" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wanke, Dominic, Hausmann, Axel, Lees, David C., Lee, Kyung Min, Martin, Geoff, Sihvonen, Pasi, Staude, Hermann &amp; Rajaei, Hossein" docDate="2023" docId="2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77" docLanguage="en" docName="NotaLepidopt 46: 1-17" docOrigin="Nota Lepidopterologica 46" docPubDate="2023-01-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.46.94940" docTitle="Aphilopota tyttha Wanke &amp; Hausmann &amp; Lees &amp; Lee &amp; Martin &amp; Sihvonen &amp; Staude &amp; Rajaei 2023, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="5847425A1F36508FAD4D74C689617C45" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="5847425A1F36508FAD4D74C689617C45" masterDocTitle="The African endemic species &quot; Nychiodes &quot; tyttha Prout, 1915 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae) belongs to the genus Aphilopota Warren, 1899" masterLastPageNumber="17" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1673581387357" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>The African endemic species &quot; Nychiodes &quot; tyttha Prout, 1915 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae) belongs to the genus Aphilopota Warren, 1899</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wanke, Dominic</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-8993</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, D- 70191 Stuttgart, Germany; dominic. wanke @ smns-bw. de, hossein. rajaei @ smns-bw. de &amp; University of Hohenheim, Schloss Hohenheim 1, D- 70599 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">dominic.wanke@smns-bw.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hausmann, Axel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0358-9928</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>SNSB-ZSM, Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Muenchhausenstr. 21, D- 81247 Munich, Germany; hausmann. a @ snsb. de</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lees, David C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-8560</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Insects Division, Natural History Museum, London, SW 7 5 BD, UK; david. lees @ nhm. ac. uk, g. martin @ nhm. ac. uk</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lee, Kyung Min</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9055-1073</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoology Unit, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 17, FI- 00014 Helsinki, Finland; kyung. m. lee @ helsinki. fi, pasi. sihvonen @ helsinki. fi</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Martin, Geoff</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Insects Division, Natural History Museum, London, SW 7 5 BD, UK; david. lees @ nhm. ac. uk, g. martin @ nhm. ac. uk</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sihvonen, Pasi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2237-9325</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoology Unit, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 17, FI- 00014 Helsinki, Finland; kyung. m. lee @ helsinki. fi, pasi. sihvonen @ helsinki. fi</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Staude, Hermann</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Lepidopterists' Society of Africa, P. O. Box 2586, Knysna, 6570, South Africa; hermann @ busmark. co. za</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rajaei, Hossein</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3940-3734</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, D- 70191 Stuttgart, Germany; dominic. wanke @ smns-bw. de, hossein. rajaei @ smns-bw. de</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Nota Lepidopterologica</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-01-12</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>46</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>17</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.46.94940</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.46.94940</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2367-5365-46-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B8A2AB4CCD6E4D43886731FDE762C3E4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5847425A1F36508FAD4D74C689617C45</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="2A78AE00-7FEC-58B0-9A8B-29DEE71D4B77" authority="(Prout, 1915)" authorityName="Wanke &amp; Hausmann &amp; Lees &amp; Lee &amp; Martin &amp; Sihvonen &amp; Staude &amp; Rajaei" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota tyttha" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tyttha" status="comb. nov.">Aphilopota tyttha (Prout, 1915)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Head structures of male specimens of A, B. Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., C, D. Aphilopota interpellans (Butler), and E, F. Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). A, C, E. Head in ventral view; B, D, F. Lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794637" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Drawings of the legs of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout) comb. nov. A. Foreleg; B. Midleg; C. Hindleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794646" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Wing venation drawings of male specimens of A. Aphilopota tyttha (Prout) comb. nov.; B. Aphilopota interpellans (Butler), and C. Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). In the forewing of A. tyttha and A. interpellans vein R 2 is fused with R 1 (rectangle A 1), vein R 1 and R 2 share a common stalk in N. obscuraria (rectangle C 1). Remark: as in the genus Nychiodes, the veins R 1 and R 2 are on a common stalk. This suggests that the veins R 1 + R 2 are fused to one vein in the genus Aphilopota; therefore, here we name this vein R 1 + R 2." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794647" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5–16" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5 - 16. Wing pattern of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., Aphilopota interpellans (Butler) and Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). 5 - 11. A. tyttha (5. Holotype, Eritrea, Caraiai, g. prep. 4976, NHMUK 010920109; 6. Ethiopia, Awassa, Awassa Lake; 7. Kenya, Kitale, NHMUK 010920119; 8. [Namibia], Sissekab, N. W. of Otavi, NHMUK 010920120; 9. Ethiopia, Bahar Dar, g. prep. 0732 / 2020 D. Wanke; 10. South Africa, Mkuze Chaos; 11. Eritrea, Caraiai, NHMUK 014173598); 12 - 14. A. interpellans (12. South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1314 / 2022 D. Wanke; 13. [South Africa], Transvaal, Bords du Limpopo, g. prep. 1316 / 2022 D. Wanke; 14. South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1315 / 2022 D. Wanke); 15 - 16. N. obscuraria (15. Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2096 / 2017 H. Rajaei; 16. Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2097 / 2017 H. Rajaei); a = upperside; b = underside. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures5-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794648" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5-11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–20" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 17 - 20. Male genitalia of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., Aphilopota interpellans (Butler) and Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). 17 - 18. A. tyttha (17. Holotype, Eritrea, Caraiai, g. prep. 4976, NHMUK 010920109; 18. Ethiopia, Bahar Dar, g. prep. 0732 / 2020 D. Wanke); 19. A. interpellans (South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1314 / 2022 D. Wanke); 20. N. obscuraria (Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2096 / 2017 H. Rajaei). a = genitalia capsule; b = aedeagus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures17-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794649" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 17</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–20" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 17 - 20. Male genitalia of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., Aphilopota interpellans (Butler) and Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). 17 - 18. A. tyttha (17. Holotype, Eritrea, Caraiai, g. prep. 4976, NHMUK 010920109; 18. Ethiopia, Bahar Dar, g. prep. 0732 / 2020 D. Wanke); 19. A. interpellans (South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1314 / 2022 D. Wanke); 20. N. obscuraria (Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2096 / 2017 H. Rajaei). a = genitalia capsule; b = aedeagus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures17-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794649" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 18</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–24" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 21 - 24. Female genitalia of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., Aphilopota interpellans (Butler) and Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). 21. A. tyttha (Eritrea, Caraiai, g. prep. 4977, NHMUK 014173598); 22 - 23. A. interpellans (South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1315 / 2022 D. Wanke; 22. Ventral view; 23. Lateral view); 24. N. obscuraria (Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2097 / 2017 H. Rajaei). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures21-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794642" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 21</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wanke &amp; Hausmann &amp; Lees &amp; Lee &amp; Martin &amp; Sihvonen &amp; Staude &amp; Rajaei" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Wanke &amp; Hausmann &amp; Lees &amp; Lee &amp; Martin &amp; Sihvonen &amp; Staude &amp; Rajaei" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nychiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nychiodes tyttha" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tyttha" status="comb. nov.">Nychiodes tyttha</taxonomicName>
Prout, 1915. Novitates zoologicae: a journal of zoology in connection with the Tring Museum, 22, 363. Holotype ♂ (Eritrea, Caraiai). Deposited in NHMUK (examined).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Holotype, ♂, Eritrea, Caraiai, 21.xi.1905, 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="N." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N." order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">N.</taxonomicName>
Beccari, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
genitalia slide No. 4976, Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1, NHMUK010920109, DNA barcode sample ID BC ZSM Lep 106645, DNA barcode process ID GWOTZ396-19, BIN BOLD:AAW8833 [579 bp]; in NHMUK
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1905-11-21" collectorName="Beccari, No." country="Eritrea" location="Caraiai" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Eritrea">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77:884FBF23EC8097BF71915E52E33BA43B" country="Eritrea" name="Caraiai">Caraiai</location>
, 
<collectingDate value="1905-11-21">21.xi.1905</collectingDate>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="N." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N." order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">N.</taxonomicName>
<collectorName>Beccari</collectorName>
, 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Leach" baseAuthorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
genitalia slide 
<collectorName>No.</collectorName>
4977, NHMUK014173598
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="G. W. Jeffery" country="Kenya" location="Kitale" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77:1E566DFE88101DFE03369B7A8388277B" country="Kenya" name="Kitale">Kitale</location>
, 14.9.[19]25, leg. 
<collectorName>G.W. Jeffery</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
, NHMUK010920119; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1933-11-11" country="Namibia" elevation="1300" location="Sissekab" municipality="Otavi" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, [
<collectingCountry name="Namibia">Namibia</collectingCountry>
], 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77:9A4F1FDD2985A77DB6F134F1FC2036D2" country="Namibia" municipality="Otavi" name="Sissekab">Sissekab</location>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="N." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N." order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">N.</taxonomicName>
W. of 
<collectingMunicipality>Otavi</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, leg. K. 
<collectingCountry name="Jordan">Jordan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingDate value="1933-11-11">11.xi.1933</collectingDate>
, NHMUK010920120; all in NHMUK
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1990-12-28" collectorName="H. S. Staude" country="South Africa" latitude="-27.658167" location="Mkuze Chaos" longLatPrecision="819" longitude="32.0" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77:E662BDDC420F90FC18C76DCE726D5B23" country="South Africa" latitude="-27.658167" longLatPrecision="819" longitude="32.0" name="Mkuze Chaos">Mkuze Chaos</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="39.490" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-27.658167">27°39.490'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="032" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="32.0">032°00'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="1990-12-28">
28.xii. 
<quantity metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.99022" unit="m" value="1990220.0">1990, 220 m</quantity>
</collectingDate>
, leg. 
<collectorName>H.S. Staude</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; in HSS. 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1969-03" collectorName="Lichtfang, Schaeuffele" country="Ethiopia" location="Bahar Dar" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77:A4D7AB2E17639A2D98AB4E2995BBAD85" country="Ethiopia" name="Bahar Dar">Bahar Dar</location>
, 
<collectingDate value="1969-03">iii.1969</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName>Lichtfang</collectorName>
, leg. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schäuffele">
<collectorName>Schaeuffele</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
</materialsCitation>
, g.prep. 0732/2020 D. Wanke; in SMNS. 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1999-05-23" collectingDateMax="1999-05-24" collectingDateMin="1999-05-23" collectorName="R. Beck, M. Hiermeier" country="Ethiopia" county="Reg. Bale" latitude="7.0481" location="Aethiopien" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="38.458183" municipality="Awassa Lake" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Äthiopien">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77:D6D6D1880B9BBE61CEF4A8B94533A47E" country="Ethiopia" county="Reg. Bale" latitude="7.0481" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="38.458183" municipality="Awassa Lake" name="Aethiopien">Aethiopien</location>
</normalizedToken>
[
<collectingCountry name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
], 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77:A7A207448361E919B9B63FB6989320B9" country="Ethiopia" county="Reg. Bale" latitude="7.0481" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="38.458183" municipality="Awassa Lake" name="Awassa">Awassa</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Awassa Lake</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty>Reg. Bale</collectingCounty>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="north" minutes="02.886" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="7.0481">07°02.886'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="038" direction="east" minutes="27.491" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="38.458183">038°27.491'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="1999-05-23" valueMax="1999-05-24" valueMin="1999-05-23">23.-24.v.1999</collectingDate>
, leg. 
<collectorName>R. Beck</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>M. Hiermeier</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-02-22" collectorName="Nechisar NP, Hacker, Schreier" country="Ethiopia" elevation="1170" latitude="6.003778" location="Arba Minch" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.5565" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, S. 
<collectingCountry name="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
- SN, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A78AE007FEC58B09A8B29DEE71D4B77:E51CD779ADFA91B861C24BFEA26BA13E" country="Ethiopia" latitude="6.003778" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="37.5565" name="Arba Minch">Arba Minch</location>
, 
<collectorName>Nechisar NP</collectorName>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" unit="km" value="2.75">2.75 km</quantity>
SW headquarter, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" unit="m" value="1170.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" unit="m" value="1170.0">1170 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(lux), 
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="13.6" value="6.003778">06°00'13.6&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="37" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="23,4" value="37.5565">37°33'23,4&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="2012-02-22">22.ii.2012</collectingDate>
, leg. 
<collectorName>Hacker</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>Schreier</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; all in ZSM.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remark.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
needs taxonomic revision, based on a broad integrative taxonomic approach. Therefore, a comparison with other species of this genus, except of the type species 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is not possible and also not necessary here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
labial palpi thin, about two thirds of the diameter of the eye (labial palpi thick, about one diameter of the eye in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Head structures of male specimens of A, B. Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., C, D. Aphilopota interpellans (Butler), and E, F. Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). A, C, E. Head in ventral view; B, D, F. Lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794637" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
). Proboscis reduced (similar in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Head structures of male specimens of A, B. Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., C, D. Aphilopota interpellans (Butler), and E, F. Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). A, C, E. Head in ventral view; B, D, F. Lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794637" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
). In the forewing venation of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
R1 arising from the cell, not reaching costa, R2 fused with R1 (similar in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; arising from the cell, R1 and R2 share a common stalk in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Wing venation drawings of male specimens of A. Aphilopota tyttha (Prout) comb. nov.; B. Aphilopota interpellans (Butler), and C. Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). In the forewing of A. tyttha and A. interpellans vein R 2 is fused with R 1 (rectangle A 1), vein R 1 and R 2 share a common stalk in N. obscuraria (rectangle C 1). Remark: as in the genus Nychiodes, the veins R 1 and R 2 are on a common stalk. This suggests that the veins R 1 + R 2 are fused to one vein in the genus Aphilopota; therefore, here we name this vein R 1 + R 2." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794647" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
). In the male genitalia (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–20" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 17 - 20. Male genitalia of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., Aphilopota interpellans (Butler) and Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). 17 - 18. A. tyttha (17. Holotype, Eritrea, Caraiai, g. prep. 4976, NHMUK 010920109; 18. Ethiopia, Bahar Dar, g. prep. 0732 / 2020 D. Wanke); 19. A. interpellans (South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1314 / 2022 D. Wanke); 20. N. obscuraria (Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2096 / 2017 H. Rajaei). a = genitalia capsule; b = aedeagus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures17-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794649" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17-20</figureCitation>
) of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
valva thin, without any ampulla or harpe (similar in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; valva equipped with the two main processes ampulla superior and ampulla inferior in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Juxta of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forked, large and straight, reaching up to the gnathos (juxta forked, large and tip thick, reaching far beyond the gnathos, apex bent in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; juxta anchor-shaped in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Aedeagus in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
thin tapered, with one long and sclerotized cornutus (aedeagus funnel-shaped, without strong cornutus in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; thickness of aedeagus variable with one sclerotized cornutus variable in length in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In female genitalia (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–24" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 21 - 24. Female genitalia of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., Aphilopota interpellans (Butler) and Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). 21. A. tyttha (Eritrea, Caraiai, g. prep. 4977, NHMUK 014173598); 22 - 23. A. interpellans (South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1315 / 2022 D. Wanke; 22. Ventral view; 23. Lateral view); 24. N. obscuraria (Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2097 / 2017 H. Rajaei). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures21-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794642" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21-24</figureCitation>
) of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ovipositor telescopic and strongly elongated (similar in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; not elongated in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Corpus bursae of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
arched, tube-like elongated (arched, long in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; round membranous in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Signum absent in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(similar in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; signum stellate in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794637" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Head structures of male specimens of 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wanke &amp; Hausmann &amp; Lees &amp; Lee &amp; Martin &amp; Sihvonen &amp; Staude &amp; Rajaei" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota tyttha" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Prout), comb. nov., 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota interpellans" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Butler), and 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Villers" authorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nychiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nychiodes obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nychiodes obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Villers). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C, E.</emphasis>
Head in ventral view; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, D, F.</emphasis>
Lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="tribal assignment">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tribal assignment.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
According to the molecular phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic position of Aphilopota tyttha, comb. nov. (marked with a star) within the tribe Boarmiini, supporting the tentative combination in genus Aphilopota. The numbers above the branches are the bootstrap values of the maximum likelihood IQ-TREE analysis. The complete tree is shown in Appendix 1, Fig. A 1." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794645" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
, Appendix 1, Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure A1" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure A 1. Complete phylogenetic analysis from IQ-TREE, showing the phylogenetic position of Aphilopota tyttha comb. nov. (marked with a star) within the tribe Boarmiini. Support values are indicated above the branch. Node confidence values were estimated based on 1000 ultrafast bootstrap replicates." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figurea1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794650" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A1</figureCitation>
) and morphology (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Head structures of male specimens of A, B. Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., C, D. Aphilopota interpellans (Butler), and E, F. Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). A, C, E. Head in ventral view; B, D, F. Lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794637" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
- 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–24" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 21 - 24. Female genitalia of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., Aphilopota interpellans (Butler) and Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). 21. A. tyttha (Eritrea, Caraiai, g. prep. 4977, NHMUK 014173598); 22 - 23. A. interpellans (South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1315 / 2022 D. Wanke; 22. Ventral view; 23. Lateral view); 24. N. obscuraria (Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2097 / 2017 H. Rajaei). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures21-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794642" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wanke &amp; Hausmann &amp; Lees &amp; Lee &amp; Martin &amp; Sihvonen &amp; Staude &amp; Rajaei" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota tyttha" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is classified in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Duponchel" authorityYear="1845" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Boarmiini">Boarmiini</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Re-description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Wingspan ♂ 21-25 mm, ♀ 28 mm, average length of forewing 11.2 mm (n = 7). Antennae bipectinate in both sexes. Frons weakly convex, just reaching over the eyes, densely scaled. Labial palpi thin, about two third of the diameter of the eye. Proboscis reduced, represented by barely visible rudimentary slats (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Head structures of male specimens of A, B. Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., C, D. Aphilopota interpellans (Butler), and E, F. Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). A, C, E. Head in ventral view; B, D, F. Lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794637" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2A</figureCitation>
). Chaetosemata as two small patches, each located between the eye margin and the antennal base (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Head structures of male specimens of A, B. Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., C, D. Aphilopota interpellans (Butler), and E, F. Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). A, C, E. Head in ventral view; B, D, F. Lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794637" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2B</figureCitation>
). Foreleg epiphysis approximately as long as tibia. Base of the epiphysis starting after one fourth of tibia. Mesotibia with one pair of spurs, hindtibia with two pairs of spurs (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Drawings of the legs of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout) comb. nov. A. Foreleg; B. Midleg; C. Hindleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794646" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
). Head, thorax and abdomen concolorous with wings.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794646" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Drawings of the legs of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wanke &amp; Hausmann &amp; Lees &amp; Lee &amp; Martin &amp; Sihvonen &amp; Staude &amp; Rajaei" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota tyttha" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Prout) comb. nov. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.</emphasis>
Foreleg; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B.</emphasis>
Midleg; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C.</emphasis>
Hindleg.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Ground colour of wings beige brown, transverse lines present in dark brown to black. Terminal line continuous, concolorous with transverse lines. In forewing antemedial line curved towards termen. Postmedial line curved between R5/M1 and M2. Medial area with more darker scales intermixed. In hindwing antemedial line curved towards termen on M1. Discal spots only present on underside (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5–16" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 5 - 16. Wing pattern of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., Aphilopota interpellans (Butler) and Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). 5 - 11. A. tyttha (5. Holotype, Eritrea, Caraiai, g. prep. 4976, NHMUK 010920109; 6. Ethiopia, Awassa, Awassa Lake; 7. Kenya, Kitale, NHMUK 010920119; 8. [Namibia], Sissekab, N. W. of Otavi, NHMUK 010920120; 9. Ethiopia, Bahar Dar, g. prep. 0732 / 2020 D. Wanke; 10. South Africa, Mkuze Chaos; 11. Eritrea, Caraiai, NHMUK 014173598); 12 - 14. A. interpellans (12. South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1314 / 2022 D. Wanke; 13. [South Africa], Transvaal, Bords du Limpopo, g. prep. 1316 / 2022 D. Wanke; 14. South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1315 / 2022 D. Wanke); 15 - 16. N. obscuraria (15. Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2096 / 2017 H. Rajaei; 16. Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2097 / 2017 H. Rajaei); a = upperside; b = underside. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures5-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794648" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5-11</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In forewing, vein R1 arising from the cell, not reaching costa, R2 merged with R1, R3-5 with a common stalk arising from the cell. In hindwing Sc+R1 strongly curved in basal area, approximating to the cell, M2 absent, A3 and A1+2 originating separately (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Wing venation drawings of male specimens of A. Aphilopota tyttha (Prout) comb. nov.; B. Aphilopota interpellans (Butler), and C. Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). In the forewing of A. tyttha and A. interpellans vein R 2 is fused with R 1 (rectangle A 1), vein R 1 and R 2 share a common stalk in N. obscuraria (rectangle C 1). Remark: as in the genus Nychiodes, the veins R 1 and R 2 are on a common stalk. This suggests that the veins R 1 + R 2 are fused to one vein in the genus Aphilopota; therefore, here we name this vein R 1 + R 2." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794647" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794647" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Wing venation drawings of male specimens of 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wanke &amp; Hausmann &amp; Lees &amp; Lee &amp; Martin &amp; Sihvonen &amp; Staude &amp; Rajaei" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota tyttha" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Prout) comb. nov.; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota interpellans" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Butler), and 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Villers" authorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nychiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nychiodes obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nychiodes obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Villers). In the forewing of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vein R2 is fused with R1 (rectangle A1), vein R1 and R2 share a common stalk in 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(rectangle C1). Remark: as in the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lederer" authorityYear="1853" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nychiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nychiodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nychiodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the veins R1 and R2 are on a common stalk. This suggests that the veins R1 + R2 are fused to one vein in the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; therefore, here we name this vein R1+R2.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures5-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794648" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 5–16" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 5-16.</emphasis>
Wing pattern of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wanke &amp; Hausmann &amp; Lees &amp; Lee &amp; Martin &amp; Sihvonen &amp; Staude &amp; Rajaei" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota tyttha" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Prout), comb. nov., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota interpellans" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Butler) and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Villers" authorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nychiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nychiodes obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nychiodes obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Villers). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5-11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5.</emphasis>
Holotype, Eritrea, Caraiai, g.prep. 4976, NHMUK010920109; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6.</emphasis>
Ethiopia, Awassa, Awassa Lake; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7.</emphasis>
Kenya, Kitale, NHMUK010920119; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8.</emphasis>
[Namibia], Sissekab, 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="N." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N." order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">N.</taxonomicName>
W. of Otavi, NHMUK010920120; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9.</emphasis>
Ethiopia, Bahar Dar, g.prep. 0732/2020 D. Wanke; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">10.</emphasis>
South Africa, Mkuze Chaos; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11.</emphasis>
Eritrea, Caraiai, NHMUK014173598); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12-14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12.</emphasis>
South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g.prep. 1314/2022 D. Wanke; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13.</emphasis>
[South Africa], Transvaal, Bords du Limpopo, g.prep. 1316/2022 D. Wanke; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14.</emphasis>
South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g.prep. 1315/2022 D. Wanke); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15-16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15.</emphasis>
Spain, Albarracin, g.prep. 2096/2017 H. Rajaei; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16.</emphasis>
Spain, Albarracin, g.prep. 2097/2017 H. Rajaei); a = upperside; b = underside. Scale bar: 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In male genitalia uncus strongly sclerotized, short, basally broad and triangular, apically pointed. Gnathos well developed and strongly sclerotized, triangular. Costa of valva sclerotized, valva thin, without any ampulla or harpe. Juxta forked and big, reaching up to gnathos. Saccus tapering. Aedeagus thin tapered, carrying one long and sclerotized cornutus. Cornutus almost same length as aedeagus (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–20" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 17 - 20. Male genitalia of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., Aphilopota interpellans (Butler) and Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). 17 - 18. A. tyttha (17. Holotype, Eritrea, Caraiai, g. prep. 4976, NHMUK 010920109; 18. Ethiopia, Bahar Dar, g. prep. 0732 / 2020 D. Wanke); 19. A. interpellans (South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1314 / 2022 D. Wanke); 20. N. obscuraria (Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2096 / 2017 H. Rajaei). a = genitalia capsule; b = aedeagus. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures17-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794649" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17-18</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures17-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794649" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 17–20" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 17-20.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wanke &amp; Hausmann &amp; Lees &amp; Lee &amp; Martin &amp; Sihvonen &amp; Staude &amp; Rajaei" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota tyttha" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Prout), comb. nov., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota interpellans" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Butler) and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Villers" authorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nychiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nychiodes obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nychiodes obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Villers). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17-18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17.</emphasis>
Holotype, Eritrea, Caraiai, g.prep. 4976, NHMUK010920109; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18.</emphasis>
Ethiopia, Bahar Dar, g.prep. 0732/2020 D. Wanke); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g.prep. 1314/2022 D. Wanke); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Spain, Albarracin, g.prep. 2096/2017 H. Rajaei). a = genitalia capsule; b = aedeagus. Scale bar: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Female genitalia thin and long, with strongly elongated ovipositor. Apophyses posteriores very long, apophyses anteriores 1/3 length of apophyses posteriors. Antrum sclerotized. Ductus bursae short, bend. Corpus bursae tube-like, elongated. Signum absent (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–24" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 21 - 24. Female genitalia of Aphilopota tyttha (Prout), comb. nov., Aphilopota interpellans (Butler) and Nychiodes obscuraria (Villers). 21. A. tyttha (Eritrea, Caraiai, g. prep. 4977, NHMUK 014173598); 22 - 23. A. interpellans (South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g. prep. 1315 / 2022 D. Wanke; 22. Ventral view; 23. Lateral view); 24. N. obscuraria (Spain, Albarracin, g. prep. 2097 / 2017 H. Rajaei). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures21-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794642" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.46.94940.figures21-24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/794642" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 21–24" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 21-24.</emphasis>
Female genitalia of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wanke &amp; Hausmann &amp; Lees &amp; Lee &amp; Martin &amp; Sihvonen &amp; Staude &amp; Rajaei" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Prout" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota tyttha" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Prout), comb. nov., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aphilopota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphilopota interpellans" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aphilopota interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Butler) and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Villers" authorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nychiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nychiodes obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nychiodes obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Villers). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tyttha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tyttha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tyttha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Eritrea, Caraiai, g.prep. 4977, NHMUK014173598); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22-23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. interpellans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="interpellans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. interpellans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(South Africa, KwaZuluNatal, Vryheid, g.prep. 1315/2022 D. Wanke; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22.</emphasis>
Ventral view; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23.</emphasis>
Lateral view); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. obscuraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscuraria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. obscuraria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Spain, Albarracin, g.prep. 2097/2017 H. Rajaei). Scale bar: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Adults observed from November to May.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Investigated specimens collected at elevations from 220 to 1300 m in dry savanna ecoregions.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In East Africa (Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya), south-western Africa (Namibia) and South Africa (
<bibRefCitation author="Janse, AJT" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology Notes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B7" refString="Janse, AJT, 1932. The Moths of South Africa, Vol. 1. Durban, 376 pp." title="The Moths of South Africa, Vol. 1. Durban, 376 pp." year="1932">Janse 1932</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>