287 lines
53 KiB
XML
287 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="717242A3BE6A1642BA90B26E72AD3750" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.598.3.4" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7969964" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1685008740530" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Krakhmalnyi, Maxim, Krakhmalnyi, Aleksandr & Terenko, Galyna" docDate="2023" docId="09666B09135FFFEFF8AFFE6D2394FBCC" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.598.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 598 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.598.3.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.6:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="232" masterDocId="F55F1371135DFFECF827FFB22022FFD4" masterDocTitle="Protoperidinium Euxinum (Protoperidiniaceae, Dinophyceae) - A Novel Dinoflagellate Species From The Plankton Of The Black Sea" masterLastPageNumber="236" masterPageNumber="229" pageNumber="231" updateTime="1685129300614" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="E845B983F48BA046A214F8CC0E1EA161">Protoperidinium Euxinum (Protoperidiniaceae, Dinophyceae) - A Novel Dinoflagellate Species From The Plankton Of The Black Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AE81522BA136BD6CF3BE0A3297D13E39">Krakhmalnyi, Maxim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="25AF01E99942B90B2799CA5C715A4AA0" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2150-9872</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="258F876B8E84D279574B0C1FCAD40520">Department of Phytoecology, Institute for Evolutionary Ecology of NAS of Ukraine. 37 Acad. Lebedev Str., Kiev 03143, Ukraine maximkrakhm @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2150 - 9872</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B16DEC85813C455A9184527A407BAA5F" type="email">maximkrakhm@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="5610D70D29A8F6BDFF1A97178DF41BC7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5B36AB5FE6413B7E3A224E5A3DFFBB3C">Krakhmalnyi, Aleksandr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="20B77E04F188770A3E358420171BB517">Laboratory of Preservation and Biodiversity Renewal, Institute for Evolutionary Ecology of NAS of Ukraine. 37 Acad. Lebedev Str., Kiev 03143, Ukraine</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DEE9C1D66E1A67F82E3DA937BEDA75DB">Terenko, Galyna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CE2F5835F577D9C4C1C10A3982FB5BEF">Department of Scientific Studies and Protection of Marine Biocenoses, Ukrainian Scientific Center of Ecology of the Sea (UkrSCES), 89 Frantsuzsky Blvd., Odessa 65009, Ukraine</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="56959A447BC5B58A3F6D3EA50315AB0F">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EB4AE543485A8C70459B6361C3143B86">
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<mods:date id="21B36EBD2B9D4FBF3EB1E75960196A52">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D47E3A2FC3B7E4830E684D1E76F17BAE">2023-05-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="346C6C9869173C5673B9C69A8799FF8C">598</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BEE02C2B383370B8B3A83A517D7EE53B" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C9D58994135FFFEEF8AFFE6D2274FE21" box="[136,598,479,502]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8170DA1F135FFFEEF8AFFE6D2274FE21" blockId="2.[136,732,479,682]" box="[136,598,479,502]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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<taxonomicName id="46CFA19C135FFFEEF8AFFE6D2225FE22" authority="Krachmalny" authorityName="Krachmalny" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,519,479,502]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Protoperidiniaceae" genus="Protoperidinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="euxinum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEF8AFFE6D21A8FE21" bold="true" box="[136,394,479,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Protoperidinium euxinum</emphasis>
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Krachmalny
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEFA2AFE522274FE21" box="[525,598,480,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A888BB76135FFFEEFA2AFE522274FE21" box="[525,598,480,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C9D58994135FFFEEFA7CFE5222F8FE21" box="[603,730,480,502]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8170DA1F135FFFEEFA7CFE5222F8FE21" blockId="2.[136,732,479,682]" box="[603,730,480,502]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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(
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<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135FFFEEFA45FE5222BFFE21" box="[610,669,480,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[198,1390,707,1463]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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, A–E)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C9D58994135FFFEEF8AFFDB621CAFD7D" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8170DA1F135FFFEEF8AFFDB622FEFDCD" blockId="2.[136,732,479,682]" box="[136,732,515,538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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Division
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<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEF8C6FDB12153FDCD" bold="true" box="[225,369,515,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Dinoflagellata</emphasis>
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(Butschli 1885)
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<bibRefCitation id="E55EA7EE135FFFEEFA34FDB622FAFDCD" author="Fensome, R. A. & Taylor, F. J. R. & Norris, G. & Sarjeant, W. A. S. & Wharton, D. I. & Williams, G. L." box="[531,728,516,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" refId="ref4008" refString="Fensome, R. A., Taylor, F. J. R., Norris, G., Sarjeant, W. A. S., Wharton, D. I. & Williams, G. L. (1993) A classification of living and fossil dinoflagellates. Sheridan Press, Hanover, Pennsylvania, 351 pp." type="book" year="1993">
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Fensome
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<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEFA48FDB62282FDCD" box="[623,672,516,537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">et al.</emphasis>
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1993
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8170DA1F135FFFEEF8AFFD9A21F6FDE9" blockId="2.[136,732,479,682]" box="[136,468,551,574]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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Class
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<taxonomicName id="46CFA19C135FFFEEF8E5FD9521F2FDE9" authority="Pascher 1914" authorityName="Pascher" authorityYear="1914" box="[194,464,551,574]" class="Dinophyceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="class">
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<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEF8E5FD952164FDE9" bold="true" box="[194,326,551,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Dinophyceae</emphasis>
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Pascher 1914
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8170DA1F135FFFEEF8AFFDFE21F3FDB5" blockId="2.[136,732,479,682]" box="[136,465,587,610]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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Order
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<taxonomicName id="46CFA19C135FFFEEF8E1FDF921EFFDB5" authority="Haeckel 1894" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1894" box="[198,461,587,610]" class="Dinophyceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="order">
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<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEF8E1FDF9211DFDB5" bold="true" box="[198,319,587,609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Peridiniales</emphasis>
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Haeckel 1894
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8170DA1F135FFFEEF8AFFDC2225EFD51" blockId="2.[136,732,479,682]" box="[136,636,623,646]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="46CFA19C135FFFEEF8F5FDDD222FFD51" authority="Balech 1988" authorityName="Balech" authorityYear="1988" box="[210,525,623,646]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Protoperidiniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEF8F5FDDD21ACFD51" bold="true" box="[210,398,623,645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Protoperidiniaceae</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="E55EA7EE135FFFEEF9B3FDC2222FFD51" author="Balech, E." box="[404,525,624,646]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" refId="ref3853" refString="Balech, E. (1988) Los Dinoflagellados del Atlantico Sudoccidental. Publ. Espec. Inst. Esp. de Oceanogr. 1. Madrid, 310 pp." type="book" year="1988">Balech 1988</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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nom. cons.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8170DA1F135FFFEEF8AFFD2621CAFD7D" blockId="2.[136,732,479,682]" box="[136,488,660,682]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="46CFA19C135FFFEEF8ECFD2621C6FD7D" authority="Bergh 1881" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1881" box="[203,484,660,682]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Protoperidiniaceae" genus="Protoperidinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEF8ECFD262148FD7D" box="[203,362,660,681]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Protoperidinium</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E55EA7EE135FFFEEF957FD2621C6FD7D" author="Bergh, R. S." box="[368,484,660,682]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" pagination="12 - 288" refId="ref3884" refString="Bergh, R. S. (1881) Der Organismus der Cilioflagellaten. Eine phylogenetische Studie. Morphologisches Jahrbuch 7: 12 - 288." type="journal article" year="1881">Bergh 1881</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="D5B08A97135FFFEEF8AFFA7D24E9F985" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" startId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" targetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8170DA1F135FFFEEF8AFFA7D24E9F985" blockId="2.[136,1452,1487,1617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEF8AFFA7D20DCFA30" bold="true" box="[136,254,1487,1509]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="46CFA19C135FFFEEF923FA7D2258FA31" authority="Krachmalny" authorityName="Krachmalny" authorityYear="2023" box="[260,634,1487,1509]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Protoperidiniaceae" genus="Protoperidinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="euxinum">
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<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEF923FA7D21D8FA31" box="[260,506,1487,1509]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Protoperidinium euxinum</emphasis>
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Krachmalny
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</taxonomicName>
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: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C9D58994135FFFEEF8AFF932223CF842" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8170DA1F135FFFEEF8AFF932223CF842" blockId="2.[136,1452,1664,2086]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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||
<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEF8AFF9322103F94E" bold="true" box="[136,289,1664,1690]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Diagnosis:—</emphasis>
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Cells medium-sized (length 88.6±7.2 µm, min. 73.3 µm, max. 99.0 µm; width 45.4±4.0 µm, min. 38.8 µm, max. 51,6 µm; n=20), pentagonal, elongated, slightly compressed dorsoventrally. Epitheca conical, with straight or concave lateral sides, tapers into a narrow and relatively long apical horn. Epitheca larger than the hypotheca, “meta–penta”
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<typeStatus id="5E7464BD135FFFEEF90BF95E2142F8D2" box="[300,352,1772,1798]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">type</typeStatus>
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. The plate 2a asymmetrical, laterally compressed. Cingulum ascending by about one-half of its height, shallow and bears lists. Hypotheca inverse trapeziform, with large slightly divergent antapical horns bearing wide membranes. Sulcus straight, broad, shallow, slightly invades the epitheca, reaches the antapex. The sulcal area bordered. Thecal surface with fine reticulations and numerous pores. Cells colorless or light brown. Nucleus spherical, located in the center of the epitheca.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C9D58994135FFFEEF89AF8122576F80A" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8170DA1F135FFFEEF89AF8122576F80A" blockId="2.[136,1452,1664,2086]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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||
<materialsCitation id="31A7D042135FFFEEF89AF8122576F80A" collectingDate="2020-08" collectorName="A - I. The" latitude="46.44118" location="Bay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.773756" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Odesa" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEF89AF812216DF86E" bold="true" box="[189,335,1952,1978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
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||
<typeStatus id="5E7464BD135FFFEEF89AF812210FF86E" box="[189,301,1952,1978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
:—
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</emphasis>
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||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135FFFEEF977F81221B1F86E" box="[336,403,1952,1978]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[198,1390,707,1463]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<collectorName id="2C3ABFC9135FFFEEF9B9F812222EF86E" box="[414,524,1952,1978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">A–Е. The</collectorName>
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specimen on which the illustration is based was collected in the northwestern part of the Black Sea (
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<collectingRegion id="430B14FD135FFFEEF968F8762180F80A" box="[335,418,1988,2014]" country="Ukraine" name="Odesa" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Odessa</collectingRegion>
|
||
<location id="84108CC4135FFFEEF98EF87621FAF80A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:09666B09135FFFEFF8AFFE6D2394FBCC:84108CC4135FFFEEF98EF87621FAF80A" box="[425,472,1988,2014]" latitude="46.44118" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.773756" name="Bay" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Odesa">Bay</location>
|
||
) in
|
||
<date id="F571FCDF135FFFEEFA26F87622B6F80A" box="[513,660,1988,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" value="2020-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="E5350537135FFFEEFA26F87622B6F80A" box="[513,660,1988,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" value="2020-08">August 2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, at
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E4FBBCD8135FFFEEFA9DF8772344F834" box="[698,870,1989,2016]" degrees="46" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" precision="1" seconds="28.25" value="46.44118">46°26′28.25′′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E4FBBCD8135FFFEEFB56F8772435F834" box="[881,1047,1989,2016]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" precision="1" seconds="25.52" value="30.773756">30°46′25.52′′E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135FFFEEFC01F8762448F80A" box="[1062,1130,1988,2014]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1817,1839]" captionTargetBox="[280,1308,1279,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-392@1.[280,1308,1279,1793]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of sampling sites at Odessa Bay in 2018–2020:Kb—Koblevo; Yu—Yuzhnoe;Lu—Luzanovka; Od—Port; De—Delphin; Ch—Chkalovskiy; MF—Maliy Fontan; Ar—Arcadia; DK—Dacha Kovalevskogo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969968" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969968/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
: MF, Maliy Fontan).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C9D58994135FFFEEF89AF85A22FAF7F2" pageId="2" pageNumber="231" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8170DA1F135FFFEEF89AF85A22FAF7F2" blockId="2.[136,1452,1664,2086]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3BB060D135FFFEEF89AF85A2146F7D6" bold="true" box="[189,356,2024,2050]" pageId="2" pageNumber="231">Etymology:—</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet was chosen in order to emphasize the locality of this species—the Black Sea, which was called in ancient times “Pontus Euxinus”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C9D58994135EFFEFF89AFF2C24A9FF08" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8170DA1F135EFFEFF89AFF2C24A9FF08" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1048]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3BB060D135EFFEFF89AFF2C216DFF6C" bold="true" box="[189,335,158,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5E7464BD135EFFEFF89AFF2C210FFF6C" box="[189,301,158,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="6811A293135EFFEFF977FF2C215EFF6C" box="[336,380,158,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">The</collectingCounty>
|
||
phytoplankton sample was preserved in 4% formaldehyde solution and is stored at the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="61144065135EFFEFFD77FF2C258EFF6C" box="[1360,1452,158,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Institute</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
for
|
||
<location id="84108CC4135EFFEFF897FF702184FF08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:09666B09135FFFEFF8AFFE6D2394FBCC:84108CC4135EFFEFF897FF702184FF08" box="[176,422,194,220]" country="Ukraine" county="The" municipality="Institute" name="Evolutionary Ecology" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" stateProvince="Kyiv">Evolutionary Ecology</location>
|
||
of the
|
||
<location id="84108CC4135EFFEFF9D2FF70236FFF08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:09666B09135FFFEFF8AFFE6D2394FBCC:84108CC4135EFFEFF9D2FF70236FFF08" box="[501,845,194,220]" country="Ukraine" county="The" municipality="Institute" name="National Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" stateProvince="Kyiv">National Academy of Sciences</location>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F9D89A8F135EFFEFFB54FF7023EFFF08" box="[883,973,194,220]" name="Ukraine" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="430B14FD135EFFEFFBFCFF702436FF08" box="[987,1044,194,220]" country="Ukraine" name="Kyiv" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Kiev</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F9D89A8F135EFFEFFC07FF7024A2FF08" box="[1056,1152,194,220]" name="Ukraine" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C9D58994135EFFEFF89AFF5421DBFEB8" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8170DA1F135EFFEFF89AFF5421DBFEB8" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1048]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3BB060D135EFFEFF89AFF542229FF2B" bold="true" box="[189,523,229,256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Ecology and distribution:—</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="46CFA19C135EFFEFFA2CFF542309FED4" authorityName="Krachmalny" authorityYear="2023" box="[523,811,230,256]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Protoperidiniaceae" genus="Protoperidinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="euxinum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3BB060D135EFFEFFA2CFF542309FED4" box="[523,811,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Protoperidinium euxinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reaches large numbers in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="430B14FD135EFFEFFC76FF542480FED4" box="[1105,1186,230,256]" country="Ukraine" name="Odesa" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Odessa</collectingRegion>
|
||
Bay (northwestern part of the Black Sea, sampling sites are shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFA80FEB822CBFEF0" box="[679,745,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1817,1839]" captionTargetBox="[280,1308,1279,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-392@1.[280,1308,1279,1793]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of sampling sites at Odessa Bay in 2018–2020:Kb—Koblevo; Yu—Yuzhnoe;Lu—Luzanovka; Od—Port; De—Delphin; Ch—Chkalovskiy; MF—Maliy Fontan; Ar—Arcadia; DK—Dacha Kovalevskogo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969968" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969968/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) during the warm period of the year. Water temperature and salinity were 20° C and 18 psu, respectively. Occurs together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="46CFA19C135EFFEFFB5DFE9C257DFE9C" authority="(Jorgensen) Balech" authorityName="Balech" baseAuthorityName="Jorgensen" box="[890,1375,302,328]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Protoperidiniaceae" genus="Protoperidinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="steinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3BB060D135EFFEFFB5DFE9C24A2FE9C" box="[890,1152,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Protoperidinium steinii</emphasis>
|
||
(Jørgensen) Balech
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="46CFA19C135EFFEFFDB0FE9D21DBFEB8" authority="(Kofoid) Balech." authorityName="Balech." baseAuthorityName="Kofoid" class="Dinophyceae" family="Protoperidiniaceae" genus="Protoperidinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="mediterraneum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3BB060D135EFFEFFDB0FE9D2111FEB8" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">P. mediterraneum</emphasis>
|
||
(Kofoid) Balech.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C9D58994135EFFEFF89AFEC72394FBCC" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8170DA1F135EFFEFF89AFEC72394FBCC" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,1048]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3BB060D135EFFEFF89AFEC7214FFE5B" bold="true" box="[189,365,373,399]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Description:—</emphasis>
|
||
Cells of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="46CFA19C135EFFEFF9EAFEC422CFFE44" authorityName="Krachmalny" authorityYear="2023" box="[461,749,374,400]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Protoperidiniaceae" genus="Protoperidinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="euxinum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B3BB060D135EFFEFF9EAFEC422CFFE44" box="[461,749,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Protoperidinium euxinum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are medium-sized (73.3–99.0 µm in length and 38.8–51.6 µm in width), shaped like elongated pentagons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFA56FE282296FE60" box="[625,692,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[198,1390,707,1463]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, A–B;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFB27FE282363FE60" box="[768,833,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H. Protoperidinium euxinum: A–B, D, F–G—ventral view; C, E, H—dorsal view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 2a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–2’’, 4’’–5’’, 7’’—precingular plates; e—epitheca; h—hypotheca; Fn—fin (marked by an arrow); Ll—left sulcal list; n—nucleus. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969972/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, A;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFB49FE282392FE60" box="[878,944,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1925,1947]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-117@5.[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–L. Protoperidinium euxinum. Fluorescence with preliminary staining of cells using Calcofluor White M2R:A–D—ventral view; H, K, L—dorsal view; E, F, G, I, J—lateral view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 2’’, 6’’, 7’’— precingular plates, 3’’’, 5’’’—postcingular plates, 2’’’’—antapical plates. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969978/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, A, B, K), slightly compressed dorsoventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFF8B7FE0C20F4FE0C" box="[144,214,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1925,1947]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-117@5.[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–L. Protoperidinium euxinum. Fluorescence with preliminary staining of cells using Calcofluor White M2R:A–D—ventral view; H, K, L—dorsal view; E, F, G, I, J—lateral view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 2’’, 6’’, 7’’— precingular plates, 3’’’, 5’’’—postcingular plates, 2’’’’—antapical plates. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969978/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, B, E, F, J). The epitheca is conical, with straight or slightly concave lateral sides (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFCA2FE0C24E8FE0C" box="[1157,1226,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[198,1390,707,1463]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, C, D;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFD3AFE0C2543FE0C" box="[1309,1377,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H. Protoperidinium euxinum: A–B, D, F–G—ventral view; C, E, H—dorsal view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 2a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–2’’, 4’’–5’’, 7’’—precingular plates; e—epitheca; h—hypotheca; Fn—fin (marked by an arrow); Ll—left sulcal list; n—nucleus. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969972/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, B, C;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFF8AFFE5020EEFE28" box="[136,204,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1925,1947]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-117@5.[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–L. Protoperidinium euxinum. Fluorescence with preliminary staining of cells using Calcofluor White M2R:A–D—ventral view; H, K, L—dorsal view; E, F, G, I, J—lateral view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 2’’, 6’’, 7’’— precingular plates, 3’’’, 5’’’—postcingular plates, 2’’’’—antapical plates. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969978/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, A–K), tapers into a narrow and relatively long apical horn (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFB5BFE5023E3FE28" box="[892,961,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[198,1390,707,1463]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, A, B). The apical pore plate (Po) connects with the plate 1’ through a small and narrow plate “x” (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFAD2FDB42318FDF4" box="[757,826,518,544]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[198,1390,707,1463]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, A). The epitheca is larger than the hypotheca, the plate arrangement is “meta–penta”; plates 1’ and 2a are pentagonal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFB76FD9823B5FD90" box="[849,919,554,580]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[198,1390,707,1463]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, A, E;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFBC0FD982409FD90" box="[999,1067,554,580]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H. Protoperidinium euxinum: A–B, D, F–G—ventral view; C, E, H—dorsal view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 2a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–2’’, 4’’–5’’, 7’’—precingular plates; e—epitheca; h—hypotheca; Fn—fin (marked by an arrow); Ll—left sulcal list; n—nucleus. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969972/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, B, D, E;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFCB8FD9824C6FD90" box="[1183,1252,554,580]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1925,1947]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-117@5.[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–L. Protoperidinium euxinum. Fluorescence with preliminary staining of cells using Calcofluor White M2R:A–D—ventral view; H, K, L—dorsal view; E, F, G, I, J—lateral view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 2’’, 6’’, 7’’— precingular plates, 3’’’, 5’’’—postcingular plates, 2’’’’—antapical plates. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969978/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, D, H). The plate 1a is also pentagonal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFF9A5FDFC21E5FDBC" box="[386,455,590,616]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1925,1947]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-117@5.[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–L. Protoperidinium euxinum. Fluorescence with preliminary staining of cells using Calcofluor White M2R:A–D—ventral view; H, K, L—dorsal view; E, F, G, I, J—lateral view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 2’’, 6’’, 7’’— precingular plates, 3’’’, 5’’’—postcingular plates, 2’’’’—antapical plates. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969978/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, G). The plate 2a is asymmetrical, laterally compressed, the length of the suture between plates 1a and 2a is greater than between 3’ and 2a (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFA98FDC02321FD58" box="[703,771,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[198,1390,707,1463]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, E;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFB09FDC02352FD58" box="[814,880,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H. Protoperidinium euxinum: A–B, D, F–G—ventral view; C, E, H—dorsal view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 2a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–2’’, 4’’–5’’, 7’’—precingular plates; e—epitheca; h—hypotheca; Fn—fin (marked by an arrow); Ll—left sulcal list; n—nucleus. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969972/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, E;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFBBBFDC023FDFD58" box="[924,991,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1925,1947]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-117@5.[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–L. Protoperidinium euxinum. Fluorescence with preliminary staining of cells using Calcofluor White M2R:A–D—ventral view; H, K, L—dorsal view; E, F, G, I, J—lateral view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 2’’, 6’’, 7’’— precingular plates, 3’’’, 5’’’—postcingular plates, 2’’’’—antapical plates. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969978/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, H). The plate 3a is hexagonal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFD65FDC025A4FD58" box="[1346,1414,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1925,1947]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-117@5.[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–L. Protoperidinium euxinum. Fluorescence with preliminary staining of cells using Calcofluor White M2R:A–D—ventral view; H, K, L—dorsal view; E, F, G, I, J—lateral view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 2’’, 6’’, 7’’— precingular plates, 3’’’, 5’’’—postcingular plates, 2’’’’—antapical plates. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969978/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, I). The cingulum is ascending by about one-half of its height, shallow, composed of plates C1–C3 and transitional plate “t”, and bears lists with pronounced ribs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFA71FD0822B8FD00" box="[598,666,698,724]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[198,1390,707,1463]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, A, B;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFAC0FD08230AFD00" box="[743,808,698,724]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H. Protoperidinium euxinum: A–B, D, F–G—ventral view; C, E, H—dorsal view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 2a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–2’’, 4’’–5’’, 7’’—precingular plates; e—epitheca; h—hypotheca; Fn—fin (marked by an arrow); Ll—left sulcal list; n—nucleus. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969972/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, B, C;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFB51FD08239BFD00" box="[886,953,698,724]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1925,1947]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-117@5.[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–L. Protoperidinium euxinum. Fluorescence with preliminary staining of cells using Calcofluor White M2R:A–D—ventral view; H, K, L—dorsal view; E, F, G, I, J—lateral view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 2’’, 6’’, 7’’— precingular plates, 3’’’, 5’’’—postcingular plates, 2’’’’—antapical plates. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969978/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, A). The sulcal area is bordered by lists (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFD59FD0820B5FD2C" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H. Protoperidinium euxinum: A–B, D, F–G—ventral view; C, E, H—dorsal view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 2a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–2’’, 4’’–5’’, 7’’—precingular plates; e—epitheca; h—hypotheca; Fn—fin (marked by an arrow); Ll—left sulcal list; n—nucleus. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969972/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, F, G). The sulcus is straight, broad, shallow, slightly invades the epitheca (plate Sa), reaches the antapex, composed of the plates Sa, Sd, Ss, Sm and Sp. The right sulcal plate (Sd), in its apical part, tapers into a very narrow protrusion that overlaps the cingulum and reaches 7’’. The left side of Sd has a well-developed fin (Fn). The plate Ss is covered by the left sulcal list (Ll), which is attached to the plates 1’’’ and 1’’’’ and merges with the left antapical horn. The small median sulcal plate (Sm) and partially the posterior sulcal plate (Sp) are positioned under the fin of the plate Sd (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFD44FCDC2584FC5C" box="[1379,1446,878,904]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[198,1390,707,1463]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, A;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFF88DFC2020C9FC78" box="[170,235,914,940]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H. Protoperidinium euxinum: A–B, D, F–G—ventral view; C, E, H—dorsal view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 2a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–2’’, 4’’–5’’, 7’’—precingular plates; e—epitheca; h—hypotheca; Fn—fin (marked by an arrow); Ll—left sulcal list; n—nucleus. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969972/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, F;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFF933FC202174FC78" box="[276,342,914,940]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1925,1947]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-117@5.[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–L. Protoperidinium euxinum. Fluorescence with preliminary staining of cells using Calcofluor White M2R:A–D—ventral view; H, K, L—dorsal view; E, F, G, I, J—lateral view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 2’’, 6’’, 7’’— precingular plates, 3’’’, 5’’’—postcingular plates, 2’’’’—antapical plates. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969978/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, A). The right sulcal list is underdeveloped. The hypotheca is inverse trapeziform, with large slightly divergent antapical horns bearing membranes; the right horn is more tilted to the side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFC71FC0424B9FC04" box="[1110,1179,950,976]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1487,1509]" captionTargetBox="[204,1384,707,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[198,1390,707,1463]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Protoperidinium euxinum Krachmalny: A—ventral view; B—dorsal view; C—right lateral view; D—left lateral view of the epitheca; E—intercalary plate 2а. Plates designations: Po—apical pore plate, x—canal plate, 1’–4’—apical plates, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–7’’—precingular plates, C1–C3—cingular plates (t—transitional plate), Sa, Sd, Sp—sulcal plates, 1’’’–5’’’—postcingular plates, 1’’’’–2’’’’—antapical plates; Fn—fin, attached to the left side of Sd; Ll—left sulcal list. Scale bar—10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969970/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
, A, B;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFCCDFC04250FFC04" box="[1258,1325,950,976]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H. Protoperidinium euxinum: A–B, D, F–G—ventral view; C, E, H—dorsal view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 2a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–2’’, 4’’–5’’, 7’’—precingular plates; e—epitheca; h—hypotheca; Fn—fin (marked by an arrow); Ll—left sulcal list; n—nucleus. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969972/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, A, G;
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFD58FC0420BAFC20" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1925,1947]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-117@5.[227,1361,389,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. A–L. Protoperidinium euxinum. Fluorescence with preliminary staining of cells using Calcofluor White M2R:A–D—ventral view; H, K, L—dorsal view; E, F, G, I, J—lateral view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 1a–3a—intercalary plates, 2’’, 6’’, 7’’— precingular plates, 3’’’, 5’’’—postcingular plates, 2’’’’—antapical plates. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969978/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, A, K, L). Thecal surface with fine reticulations and numerous pores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFBBAFC6823C2FC20" box="[925,992,986,1012]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H. Protoperidinium euxinum: A–B, D, F–G—ventral view; C, E, H—dorsal view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 2a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–2’’, 4’’–5’’, 7’’—precingular plates; e—epitheca; h—hypotheca; Fn—fin (marked by an arrow); Ll—left sulcal list; n—nucleus. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969972/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, B–E). Cells are colorless or light brown. The nucleus is spherical, located in the center of the epitheca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="19F4C69A135EFFEFFB66FC4C23A7FBCC" box="[833,901,1022,1048]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-46@4.[227,1361,245,1757]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H. Protoperidinium euxinum: A–B, D, F–G—ventral view; C, E, H—dorsal view. Plates designations: 1’—apical plate, 2a–3a—intercalary plates, 1’’–2’’, 4’’–5’’, 7’’—precingular plates; e—epitheca; h—hypotheca; Fn—fin (marked by an arrow); Ll—left sulcal list; n—nucleus. Olympus BX51 light microscope." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7969972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7969972/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, H).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |