103 lines
13 KiB
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103 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="939CF9FB2EF90A56226FC6FD6A7B9837" ENCODING="UTF8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d65d91f3-2aa6-4824-85a3-9ac72a57c596" ModsDocID="22820" checkinTime="1251954458996" checkinUser="christiana" docAuthor="Longino, J. T." docDate="2009" docId="B1DD433DAFD8062C9E72C0B8ADC9B777" docLanguage="en" docName="22820_tx.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2181" docSource="http://hol.osu.edu/reference-full.html?id=22820" docTitle="Pheidole exarata" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="7FC56964C9056E7DBD20595E152A29E1" masterDocTitle="Additions to the taxonomy of New World Pheidole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." masterLastPageNumber="90" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1693272131770" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A158C4B4D08D0250473A7F715CB708E1">
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<mods:title id="F6A6E077683F66BFA5696F05319526CB">Additions to the taxonomy of New World Pheidole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F6EB9EAC08509CBCC0FA48EB8949D815" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="39680B1CF6CAC5290598DDD42D5EAB2B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2066B6B59EA24A2F812FAEC21FD6E85C">Longino, J. T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9BBF768C6351394EA2C37A1D5B931439">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:part id="C1C3E305707928DA3E1143ADC6078BEC">
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<mods:date id="A5BFD382973533005EC2DF712BF9F1EF">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="1ECFB154EEF42C5B86096DD595E89B87" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="14DC366FE5265BC190A14EC7A4916FCE">2181</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D6BFFEC426FC3FAA9B281E830D0FFF9E">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="93802344313EE21D2423D88FE24D9F53">90</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="796C22AC9C31712AD7741CAF7A7DF01A">http://hol.osu.edu/reference-full.html?id=22820</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C977076EB90958357CCD97F4E822F193">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="93A1AB0462ADB75F02CED1D11761C662" type="HNS-PUB">22820</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B1DD433DAFD8062C9E72C0B8ADC9B777" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6222831" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100121384" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6222831" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B1DD433DAFD8062C9E72C0B8ADC9B777" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B1DD433DAFD8062C9E72C0B8ADC9B777" lastPageNumber="31" pageNumber="31">
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<subSubSection id="3316C5BD847D4ED0B6A209625A63EAFC" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B8EB0795D4A6D23DEF896BCD62962D75" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="381EBC54CCC992EFDBC84761E0F54FA5" ID-CoL="4FYBR" ID-ENA="614952" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33731" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole exarata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exarata">Pheidole exarata</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A8F0916AF25B4F8A853337F87746AAC" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2BBD85A958E31F29AD2C6B1C09DFE1C6" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="9C0C93BD085569F18A03E25215003F8A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33731" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole exarata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exarata">
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Pheidole exarata
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<bibRefCitation id="6F794AD30571380B14BB487DB27B9900" author="Emery, C." pagination="33 - 107" refId="ref45301" refString="Emery, C. (1896) Studi sulle formiche della fauna neotropica. XVII-XXV Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 28, 33 - 107." type="journal article" year="1896">Emery, 1896: 68</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Syntype major, minor worker: Costa Rica, San Jose: San Jose [
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<collectionCode id="0865D553B151A73FE5598AD031ACAFEA" collectionName="Italy, Genova, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria"">MCSN</collectionCode>
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] (not examined). See also:
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<bibRefCitation id="36E354046BBDAADB478F5A6AAF3F5510" author="Wilson, E. O." refId="ref46471" refString="Wilson, E. O. (2003) Pheidole in the New World: A Dominant, Hyperdiverse Ant Genus. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 794 pp." type="book" year="2003">Wilson, 2003: 686</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="15FC660DD20CD61BE3AE4B537B3035A8" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="1A55BDD73A0DCBB92DCCBABE57E5DF07" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:151253" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole crassipes grantae Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="crassipes" subSpecies="grantae">
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Pheidole crassipes r. grantae
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<bibRefCitation id="D7E9708AA8E561E479574A14A9344B46" author="Forel, A." pagination="35 - 72" refId="ref45605" refString="Forel, A. (1908) Fourmis de Costa-Rica recoltees par M. Paul Biolley. Bulletin de la Societe Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, 44, 35 - 72." type="journal article" year="1908">Forel, 1908: 53</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Syntype major, minor worker: Costa Rica, Cartago: Cote Tablazo [a montane site near Cartago] (Biolley) [
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<collectionCode id="EA0CE0E97000F294456D6B5BE6A52AE8" collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle">MHNG</collectionCode>
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] (examined).
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<bibRefCitation id="FAAC491A0DDB88389684D37F37368302" author="Wilson, E. O." refId="ref46471" refString="Wilson, E. O. (2003) Pheidole in the New World: A Dominant, Hyperdiverse Ant Genus. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 794 pp." type="book" year="2003">Wilson, 2003: 700</bibRefCitation>
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: raised to species. New synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6C1D1D7A5500CAEAF90F798C30588407" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="7892F6B079C907597CEBECB5DC2734C0" pageNumber="31">Geographic Range</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61368FBDA8A08E12D524097CD6AD4391" pageNumber="31">Venezuela, Colombia, Costa Rica.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2E655E62DD50AE87A9D67DF83960AD9B" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="193B06CB04EDDB1A2B2AA7A78C53F0FC" pageNumber="31">Biology</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EF4B919596F92366A3E2E6D66F645FF9" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="A4334E2596CF247C7F6D8A77B1A32885" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33731" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole exarata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exarata">Pheidole exarata</taxonomicName>
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occurs in mature wet forest habitats from 800-1600m elevation. It is arboreal, forming large colonies beneath epiphytes and in live stems. An incipient colony was found in a cavity in a live, 1.5cm diameter stem of a melastomataceous vine; a colony was found in several internodes of a Cecropia insignis sapling, another in an internode of Cecropia angustifolia; a large aggregation of minor and major workers, but no sexuals or brood, was found in a clean hollow stem of Neomirandea angularis (Asteraceae). One colony under epiphytes was observed with multiple dealate queens, evidence of polygyny.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0BC8C1546FBE0578722296EB5313F5C8" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="1D01013053366B5282383322B28EE2A3" pageNumber="31">Comments</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="89677ECEEB9E27A6746925FF40359F7E" pageNumber="31">
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The types of
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<taxonomicName id="1BD39A61BD837D21AF875C8F55BE7E70" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:182038" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="10994" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole grantae Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grantae">P. grantae</taxonomicName>
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closely match the drawings of
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<taxonomicName id="ED0A82D8D05CA6A47B43D75D2D2EE0AE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33731" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="38" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole exarata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exarata">P. exarata</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="4F3E42CCE29090DE2FF974090BC46B3B" author="Wilson, E. O." refId="ref46471" refString="Wilson, E. O. (2003) Pheidole in the New World: A Dominant, Hyperdiverse Ant Genus. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 794 pp." type="book" year="2003">Wilson (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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, the type localities are relatively close, and there is no evidence of distinct sympatric forms of this moderately common species in the central highlands of Costa Rica.
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<taxonomicName id="9E3E2D9C14B7106BB6776BB52F025A5C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33731" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole exarata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exarata">Pheidole exarata</taxonomicName>
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is an upland version of the closely related lowland species, P. excubitor Wilson. A third member of this complex is
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<taxonomicName id="9DCA75B43EA3D653E249A9B5DC29BB83" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34030" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="39" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole stulta Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stulta">P. stulta Forel</taxonomicName>
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(the oldest name in the complex).
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<taxonomicName id="505C57D87CC665120EC6C3C5C60453D8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34030" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole stulta Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stulta">Pheidole stulta</taxonomicName>
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is similar to P.
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<taxonomicName id="E175F08225C4D6E6BA4211A726C279CB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:253448" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.completionEvidence="missing" genus.completionRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole exubitor" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exubitor">exubitor</taxonomicName>
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but with less sculpture on the face of the major and pronotum of the minor (
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<bibRefCitation id="32F2F2A39EF42C7B541D90F0A5BD1711" author="Wilson, E. O." refId="ref46471" refString="Wilson, E. O. (2003) Pheidole in the New World: A Dominant, Hyperdiverse Ant Genus. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 794 pp." type="book" year="2003">Wilson 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). Geographic variation is not well understood in these forms and the distinctness of
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<taxonomicName id="5549D4CECE3DB6AE8EF969BCB80DDF03" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33731" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole exarata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exarata">P. exarata,</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="BFD2A9A25006CC2C9D592BFF2A50B613" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:253448" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="38" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole exubitor" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exubitor">P. exubitor</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="01BA9C07B72BB6253BCE9C904A61A4EA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:34030" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" genus.bestMatchDistance="49" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole stulta Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stulta">P. stulta</taxonomicName>
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should be further evaluated.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |