161 lines
21 KiB
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161 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="F54982A5628104FB24FFA9183DBA5B05" ID-DOI="10.4467/16890027AP.22.008.17111" ID-ISSN="1689-0027" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10994584" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1713468253235" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Aydin, Esra Elif & Lee, Won Je" docDate="2022" docId="AF4987FEFF90033A806DE351FED24ECB" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaProtozool.61.1.85-98.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Acta Protozoologica 61" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/16890027ap.22.008.17111" docStyle="DocumentStyle:64ABA4BEA387EE5C24A0DDEB32CC92E7.3:ActaProtozool.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="64ABA4BEA387EE5C24A0DDEB32CC92E7" docStyleName="ActaProtozool.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pleurostomum flabellatum Ruinen 1938" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="88" masterDocId="5370FF86FF93033E8322E241FFC34952" masterDocTitle="Free-living Heterotrophic Flagellates Lakes in Turkey (Protista) from Two Hypersaline" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="85" pageNumber="88" updateTime="1715182440790" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="77CCD4E6CA9DD02D2CE128C0011F1E09">Free-living Heterotrophic Flagellates Lakes in Turkey (Protista) from Two Hypersaline</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5E04ACB6D965C3A94C974A0FB2D449AB">Aydin, Esra Elif</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EADCBFDDD3D4998322CC3F55BB765087">Lee, Won Je</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="00C1777956883AC3F88310FB138437EF">Acta Protozoologica</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5913D84ACD1EA99EC193170B386B8498">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="4B236084C12387A52220BB804CC9BE02" type="DOI">10.4467/16890027AP.22.008.17111</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C398196B3DC3EFC66E219D6A384E9D05" type="ISSN">1689-0027</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF90033D806DE351FAF64879" box="[847,1333,272,299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D806DE351FAF64879" blockId="3.[847,1333,272,334]" box="[847,1333,272,299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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<heading id="7C178184FF90033D806DE351FAF64879" box="[847,1333,272,299]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D806DE351FAF64879" authority="Ruinen 1938" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[847,1333,272,299]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Schizopyrenida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D806DE351FAF64879" bold="true" box="[847,1333,272,299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D806DE351FB524879" bold="true" box="[847,1169,272,299]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Pleurostomum flabellatum</emphasis>
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Ruinen 1938
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF90033D806DE372FB024A32" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="description">
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D806DE372FBC7481F" blockId="3.[847,1333,272,334]" box="[847,1028,307,334]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D806DE372FBC7481F" bold="true" box="[847,1028,307,334]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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(
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<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF90033D8075E372FC77481C" box="[855,948,307,334]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[132,167,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[138,1456,236,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-7@4.[127,1465,223,1363]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Neobodo curvifilus, (c) Chelonemonas sp., (d) Carpediemonas membranifera, (e) Caecitellus parvulus, (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (h) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (i) Rhynchomonas nasuta, (j) Salpingoeca marina, (k) Pendulomonas adriperis, (l) Neobodo saliens, (m) unidentified protist, (n) Neobodo designis, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Halocafeteria seosinensis, (q) Cantina marsupialis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994590/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Figs 2h</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF90033D80E3E372FC0C481F" box="[961,975,307,333]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">3</figureCitation>
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l-m)
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D806DE31FFB024A32" blockId="3.[809,1456,350,1945]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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Cells are 18–30 µm long, flattened, somewhat elongate and narrower posteriorly. The synchronously moving two flagella are 1.5–2 times the cell length and emerge apically beneath the rostrum. Because of the rostrum, flagella seemed to emerge subapically. Both flagella move in close contact with lamella. The cytos- tomal structure originates near the point of flagellar in- sertion and extends in a spiral to the posterior end of the cell. The extension of the cytostomal structure gives the cell its spiral shape. A vacuole is located posteriorly. The cells swim slowly by making spirals. Description based on observations of 16 cells. Occurance: every month with the exception of July and August at Meke Lake, temperature 0–21 °C, salinity 107.5–215 psu, dissolved oxygen
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<quantity id="E0189B0DFF90033D80DFE107FB634A32" box="[1021,1184,838,865]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.715" metricValueMax="5.18" metricValueMin="0.25" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" unit="mg" value="2.715" valueMax="5.18" valueMin="0.25">0.25–5.18 mg</quantity>
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/L.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF90033A806DE128FED24ECB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D806DE128FBFB4F9A" blockId="3.[809,1456,350,1945]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D806DE128FC094AD1" bold="true" box="[847,970,873,899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Remarks:</emphasis>
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8772E128FB394AD1" authorityName="Namyslowski" authorityYear="1913" box="[1104,1274,873,899]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8772E128FB394AD1" box="[1104,1274,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Pleurostomum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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contains 5 species and is characterized by two parallel homodynamic subapically (and also apically in regard to former descriptions) emerging flagella and by its cytostomal groove. Generally, our observations are in accordance with the original description of Ruinen (1938) with respect to cell length and general appearance of the cell. The only difference is the point of flagellar inser- tion. According to Ruinen (1938) both flagella emerge apically, whereas in our cells the flagella emerged subapically.
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D80E6E684FAC14D8D" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[964,1282,1221,1247]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D80E6E684FAC14D8D" box="[964,1282,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Pleurostomum flabellatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similar to
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D800BE6A8FC6B4C50" authorityName="Namyslowski" authorityYear="1913" box="[809,936,1256,1282]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="salinum">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D800BE6A8FC6B4C50" box="[809,936,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">P. salinum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which was reported with the cell length of 20–22 µm and with a cytostomal groove extending 2/3 of the cell (
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<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D80C2E76FFB0A4C1A" author="Namyslowski B." box="[992,1225,1326,1352]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="85 - 104" refId="ref10631" refString="Namyslowski B. (1913) Uber unbekannte halophile mikroorganismen aus dem innern des salzbergwerkes Wieliczka. Bulletin International Acedemy Sciences Krakow. Series B, ¾: 85 - 104." type="book chapter" year="1913">Namyslowski 1913</bibRefCitation>
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, Ruinen 1938), but can be distinguished because the cytostomal groove of
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D800BE734FC094CDC" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[809,970,1396,1422]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D800BE734FC094CDC" box="[809,970,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">P. flabellatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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extends almost to the end of the cell and is relatively longer. The cells of
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8793E7D7FCAF4C81" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8793E7D7FA984CE2" authorityName="Namyslowski" authorityYear="1913" box="[1201,1371,1430,1456]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="genus">Pleurostomum</taxonomicName>
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flabel- latum
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</emphasis>
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reported by
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<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D872EE7FBFABA4C86" author="Patterson D. J. & Simpson A. G." box="[1036,1401,1465,1492]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="423 - 448" refId="ref11299" refString="Patterson D. J., Simpson A. G. (1996) Heterotrophic flagellates from coastal marine and hypersaline sediments in Western Australia. Eur. J. Protistol. 32: 423 - 448." type="journal article" year="1996">Patterson and Simpson (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D800BE79DFBC04CA4" author="Park J. S. & Simpson A. G. B. & Lee W. J. & Cho B. C." box="[809,1027,1500,1527]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="397 - 413" refId="ref11117" refString="Park J. S., Simpson A. G. B., Lee W. J., Cho B. C. (2007) Ultrastructure and phylogenetic placement within Heterolobosea of the previously unclassified, extremely halophilic heterotrophic flagellate. Pleurostomum flabellatum (Ruinen 1938). Protist 158: 397 - 413." type="journal article" year="2007">Park et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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are smaller than the original cells (16–30 µm) of Ruinen (1938) and the cells (18–30 µm) observed here: Patterson and Simpson, 11–14 µm; Park et al., 10–14 µm. Their cells resemble
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D87DFE407FC284FD0" authority="Namyslowski 1913" authorityName="Namyslowski" authorityYear="1913" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="salinum">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D87DFE407FABA4F0D" box="[1277,1401,1605,1631]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">P. salinum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D86A1E404FC284FD0" author="Namyslowski B." pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="85 - 104" refId="ref10631" refString="Namyslowski B. (1913) Uber unbekannte halophile mikroorganismen aus dem innern des salzbergwerkes Wieliczka. Bulletin International Acedemy Sciences Krakow. Series B, ¾: 85 - 104." type="book chapter" year="1913">Namyslowski 1913</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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because of the cell length and general appearance. Further studies are required to establish the identities of these taxa.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033A806DE491FED24ECB" blockId="3.[809,1456,350,1945]" lastBlockId="4.[132,779,1624,1945]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
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<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D806DE491FBDE4FB8" author="Park J. S. & Simpson A. G. & Brown S. & Cho B. C." box="[847,1053,1744,1771]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="265 - 283" refId="ref10921" refString="Park J. S., Simpson A. G., Brown S., Cho B. C. (2009) Ultrastructure and molecular phylogeny of two heterolobosean amoebae, Euplaesiobystra hypersalinica gen. et sp. nov. and Tulamoeba peronaphora gen. et sp. nov., isolated from an extremely hypersaline habitat. Protist 160: 265 - 283." type="journal article" year="2009">Park et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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reported a new amoeboid species
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D800BE4B2FB884E5F" box="[809,1099,1779,1805]" genus="Tulamoeba" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Schizopyrenida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="peronaphora">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D800BE4B2FB884E5F" box="[809,1099,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Tulamoeba peronaphora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a close relative of
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8616E4B2FC324E62" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8616E4B2FC324E62" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Pleurostomum flabellatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the 18S rRNA gene tree, but can be easily distinguished because of their morphology and because
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D80E9E51DFB304E24" box="[971,1267,1884,1910]" genus="Tulamoeba" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Schizopyrenida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="peronaphora">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D80E9E51DFB304E24" box="[971,1267,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Tulamoeba peronaphora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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does not have a flagellated stage.
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8730E53FFA894ECA" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[1042,1354,1918,1944]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8730E53FFA894ECA" box="[1042,1354,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Pleurostomum flabellatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033A86AAE53EFDD24F20" authority="Kirby et al. 2014" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="2014" genus="Tulamoeba" kingdom="Protozoa" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" order="Schizopyrenida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="bucina">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033A86AAE53EFE834F20" italics="true" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Tulamoeba bucina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF97033A8265E419FDD24F20" author="Kirby W. A. & Tikhonenkov D. V. & Mylnikov A. P. & Janouskovec J. & Lax G. & Simpson A. G." box="[327,529,1624,1650]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" pagination="227 - 238" refId="ref9912" refString="Kirby W. A., Tikhonenkov D. V., Mylnikov A. P., Janouskovec J., Lax G., Simpson A. G. (2014) Characterization of Tulamoeba bucina n. sp., an Extremely Halotolerant Amoeboflagellate Het- erolobosean Belonging to the Tulamoeba - Pleurostomum Clade (Tulamoebidae n. fam.). J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 62: 227 - 238." type="journal article" year="2014">Kirby et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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’s flagellated stage re- semble each other, but can be distinguished by the paths of their cytostome:
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF97033A8252E4E3FDD04FE9" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[368,531,1697,1723]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF97033A8252E4E3FDD04FE9" box="[368,531,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">P. flabellatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a cytostome extending along the body spirally and
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF97033A810FE486FD594FB2" box="[557,666,1734,1760]" genus="Tulamoeba" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Schizopyrenida" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="bucina">
|
||
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF97033A810FE486FD594FB2" box="[557,666,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">T. bucina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a cytostome curling around the lateral axis.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF97033A8143E4AAFECB4E78" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF97033A8143E4AAFECB4E78" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Pleurostomum flabellatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported from hyposaline habitats in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF97033A8384E574FED64E1D" box="[166,277,1845,1871]" name="Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF97033A8204E574FEA64E1D" box="[294,357,1845,1871]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF97033A8254E577FE7D4E02" box="[374,446,1846,1872]" name="South Korea" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF97033A8123E574FD914E1D" box="[513,594,1845,1871]" name="Poland" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF97033A8145E574FF024E26" author="Namyslowski B." pageId="4" pageNumber="89" pagination="85 - 104" refId="ref10631" refString="Namyslowski B. (1913) Uber unbekannte halophile mikroorganismen aus dem innern des salzbergwerkes Wieliczka. Bulletin International Acedemy Sciences Krakow. Series B, ¾: 85 - 104." type="book chapter" year="1913">Namyslowski 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Ruinen 1938,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF97033A8257E51AFD0B4E26" author="Patterson D. J. & Simpson A. G." box="[373,712,1882,1909]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" pagination="423 - 448" refId="ref11299" refString="Patterson D. J., Simpson A. G. (1996) Heterotrophic flagellates from coastal marine and hypersaline sediments in Western Australia. Eur. J. Protistol. 32: 423 - 448." type="journal article" year="1996">Patterson and Simpson 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF97033A81F7E51BFEC64ECB" author="Park J. S. & Simpson A. G. B. & Lee W. J. & Cho B. C." pageId="4" pageNumber="89" pagination="397 - 413" refId="ref11117" refString="Park J. S., Simpson A. G. B., Lee W. J., Cho B. C. (2007) Ultrastructure and phylogenetic placement within Heterolobosea of the previously unclassified, extremely halophilic heterotrophic flagellate. Pleurostomum flabellatum (Ruinen 1938). Protist 158: 397 - 413." type="journal article" year="2007">Park et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |