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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="21010" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4d1dd045-c029-47d4-b441-a7fd49443918" ID-PMC="PMC7483337" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-158-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8480BB61E8B2553ABA8D418072EC52B6" ID-PubMed="32973385" ModsDocID="1314-2003-158-1" checkinTime="1599212532520" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Calvo, Joel &amp; Moreira-Munoz, Andres" docDate="2020" docId="109407CF7FAE5C4BBE015B7EC3095385" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 158: 1-106" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 158" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848" docTitle="Xenophyllum amblydactylum V. A. Funk, Novon 7 (3): 238. 1997" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="8480BB61E8B2553ABA8D418072EC52B6" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="8480BB61E8B2553ABA8D418072EC52B6" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae)" masterLastPageNumber="106" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1720471607920" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="551C1B55D5EB3450DB1ADD1238BB7A92">Taxonomic revision of the Andean genus Xenophyllum (Compositae, Senecioneae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8C8BEBC2ADE420B574E75DDFC079FF97">Calvo, Joel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A1F62FB9F82D101FD6786AEC7E4DA72E">Instituto de Geografia, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Geografia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Avenida Brasil 2241, 2362807 Valparaiso, Chile</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2A9E42A6C82EFD9528DA7B11FB2A0682" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-7666</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A6B382A936E7A28DE0B727A92FCA283E" type="email">calvocasas@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F452D98FCAD0D0575600BA713D893AF9">Moreira-Munoz, Andres</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6CF535785A49B5E7CAA766EE03DBED3D">Instituto de Geografia, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Geografia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Avenida Brasil 2241, 2362807 Valparaiso, Chile</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8E9D7A1467B7FA72F89F70BE9B2F73E4" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-1391</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="61CC18B865233C73347779AA850D64F5">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9486408E3124DF759697D393A39DA3C5">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FDC4BE684BD7F9620077242409B49179">158</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="6BDB8C97AC63A4173139E7727F533676">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8D16F9F34A1433F604B17E5AD6B96991" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="109407CF7FAE5C4BBE015B7EC3095385" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167491864" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:109407CF7FAE5C4BBE015B7EC3095385" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/109407CF7FAE5C4BBE015B7EC3095385" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="C6C8C7BF4D9AF2C448D5BC4053F95A6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0D538EFBD321FBE7D647BA3ABB813989" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
19.
<taxonomicName id="0792F8221C577B3D94F3966326AA6AB1" ID-CoL="5CB45" LSID="109407CF-7FAE-5C4B-BE01-5B7EC3095385" authority="(S. F. Blake) V. A. Funk, Novon 7 (3): 238. 1997." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Xenophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xenophyllum amblydactylum" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amblydactylum">Xenophyllum amblydactylum (S.F.Blake) V.A.Funk, Novon 7(3): 238. 1997.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2996B3B343401432914E81F3A0FEC965" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="81190CF7B5C29550F3376A161A10B9DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="8C2114A7C7269DAE505F3EBD45A158CE" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1928" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Werneria" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Werneria amblydactyla" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amblydactyla">Werneria amblydactyla</taxonomicName>
S.F.Blake, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 18: 490. 1928. Type. Peru.
<normalizedToken id="1EB66EBA620E8FD7ED0517B9018BAD0D" originalValue="Junín">Junin</normalizedToken>
: Andes, Peru, Alpamarca, [without date],
<emphasis id="EEC14277134A080C8AE5BC3B59C1BFB4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capt. Wilkes Expedition s.n.</emphasis>
(holotype: US-00037297!; isotype: GH s.n.!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="85B1067DBBB26807FD222893486E4B41" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="C8589359EB2728415DD34386C64695C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3536492395C3BF858D8E16B7A9DE29D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Suffruticose plant, forming clumps of erect stems.
<emphasis id="DD9D6257125DC4121A305B5192F9B6CC" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhizomes</emphasis>
10-12
<normalizedToken id="47F50EE0EA3AEBA358A5636E1A3C5FC0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
ca. 0.5 cm, horizontal to oblique, glabrous.
<emphasis id="C3AF49DA9D0530A67D50E570D42F16F4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stems</emphasis>
4-7 cm tall, rather branched, glabrous, usually with leaves restricted to the upper part.
<emphasis id="DACE283866461B7126F6DB7A8D75D5D2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
subimbricate, extending into a sheath-like base that bears evanescent arachnoid trichomes; leaf laminas 4.3-10
<normalizedToken id="65F6B6427274BDC4884E3F2F3E9C7680" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.3-1.4 mm, linear, barely broadened at the apex, 3-notched at the apex, entire, usually with some minute cilia near the base, flat to obtusely triangular in cross section, with evanescent arachnoid trichomes above, 1-nerved above (barely visible), 1-nerved beneath, somewhat fleshy, matte; leaf lobes 0.8-1.4
<normalizedToken id="D88A43B2C6E69FD97CCDC3BEAF2B4D74" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.6-1 mm, obtuse.
<emphasis id="DA0D2E682C8892DB676293637E4553FB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capitula</emphasis>
radiate, erect, sessile.
<emphasis id="E3C442296E16D183DE589AC9D168206D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Involucres</emphasis>
8.8-9.8
<normalizedToken id="3347F121CA1475019964217A41EA6C54" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.5-7 mm, cupuliform; involucral bracts 10 to 13, 4.9-5.4
<normalizedToken id="354C14C62E5211C8440D5A8664D76B04" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.2-1.8 mm, acute at the apex, greenish.
<emphasis id="DBC2789EE71B991234303DF79FF55AD3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ray florets</emphasis>
ca. 11; corollas 9-10.2
<normalizedToken id="110340CE33E0F7EC77026A2BD2CCB0F2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
ca. 1.2 mm, 4-veined, subentire to 2-toothed at the apex, conspicuously surpassing the involucre, white.
<emphasis id="F850AE5BD20729A375EB0F9178F96799" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Disc florets</emphasis>
ca. 22; corollas 5.4-6 mm long, yellowish; style branches truncate with a crown of sweeping trichomes or slightly penicillate, yellowish.
<emphasis id="C6E781EA4B5D22BDDD4D06075EC212D3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Achenes</emphasis>
cylindrical, glabrous (immature); pappus ca. 5.6 mm long, barbellate, whitish. Chromosome number unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1DB835C379DADAE80DF003A9EACA7EFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="iconography">
<paragraph id="96BAC9D5CCD7EF7BAC9AA52F218A19F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Iconography.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2F03EB45C0AFAC8106FDE7B89497C8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="252339D728386153A83BF8F77F38E44A" author="Blake, SF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="485 - 498" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24523491" refId="B3" refString="Blake, SF, 1928. New South American species of Werneria. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 18: 485 - 498, https://www.jstor.org/stable/24523491" title="New South American species of Werneria." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24523491" volume="18" year="1928">Blake (1928</bibRefCitation>
: 496, fig. 1B, C sub
<taxonomicName id="288A2DBA83B567E94631870CCBEFB1DA" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1928" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Werneria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Werneria amblydactyla" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amblydactyla">
<emphasis id="52C683C75C3B68DF947F3CB9FD71274C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Werneria amblydactyla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4DD5AEBA724614829BB118304032D96" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="65397B1661EF32C57173287C31DA8216" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C6C50D53425C63658766AC1C027897AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Endemic to Peru (
<normalizedToken id="7979FCBD58AB0E33403F5D3193C0011A" originalValue="Junín">Junin</normalizedToken>
, Lima). It grows in rocky outcrops of the puna ecoregion, at elevations of ca. 4600 m (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E2CAC64DF583001DEFC82DE1B2F6310C" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Distribution map of Xenophyllum decorum (left hand, closed triangle), X. amblydactylum (left hand, open circle), and X. dactylophyllum (right hand)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.158.50848.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448904" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="16086676C13DFECA85066C2E43913FA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="825EB97B322E27A5552EF990F0B63076" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="926B6762F9EC3136A18CC769D0E26D08" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Collected in flower in May.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="92AF0890E8351D0F2B2AADCC0E4F8917" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="440E291EA442B0B2DB33B99051ADF568" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="33B94B1B8DAE1B79025760E299765A7E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The epithet
<emphasis id="54D282B6F6807759DEBBBDEDE791EEB3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">amblydactylum</emphasis>
means having blunt fingers (
<normalizedToken id="4B20CEE3E0B649C64FEBCE463F9F65CC" originalValue="“ambly-”">&quot;ambly-&quot;</normalizedToken>
: blunt, obtuse;
<normalizedToken id="CE14EFA620ADB3CC22DFD0B6614D987F" originalValue="“dactyl-”">&quot;dactyl-&quot;</normalizedToken>
: finger). It refers to the leaf apex lobes of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D067FA6DBA45D7DBD40A964FE54A347F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph id="408488B4105F07ACC5B34576DBE88F26" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="938183B559DFEA884F77972126570503" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="30D7530F1729DCC1FB58DE86E0C45728" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Xenophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xenophyllum amblydactylum" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amblydactylum">
<emphasis id="A4CD2B1C9591B67F2CBB3E9F8EB8582A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xenophyllum amblydactylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forms clumps of erect stems 4-7 cm tall that bear linear, 4.3-10 mm long leaves. The leaf apex is 3-notched and the lobes are small (0.8-1.4
<normalizedToken id="801FCB707E21134A0ABC92FF458B7361" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.6-1 mm) and connivent. The leaf lamina has arachnoid trichomes on the adaxial surface that are quicky evanescent. The involucre is 8.8-9.8 mm long and it is composed of 10 to 13 involucral bracts. The capitula are radiate and display ca. 11 ray florets with white corollas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3CF53F583703692BF29F463C4EAE1640" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This is a poorly known and collected species. Aside from the type material, we only studied one collection from southeastern Lima Department (
<emphasis id="83B9E7ED9DDDAFAA56A4294CFC629B09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="0D276B762B76C86D513BEA0E77BF5368" originalValue="Beltrán">Beltran</normalizedToken>
4174
</emphasis>
, USM) and a specimen that was bought as medicinal in a farmers market in the city of Lima (
<emphasis id="958436628822DDB226D5C79C1F182333" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="9CC9F8D0BF7E13D3F8BA852EACE99310" originalValue="Yarupaitán">Yarupaitan</normalizedToken>
1499b
</emphasis>
, USM). Further collections are required in order to improve the understanding of its variability and properly describe the achenes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B08D250B17DC0EEF0B5DEDB3656DE3EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
It might be confused with
<taxonomicName id="966C4C33FD0732A51E13B14A02DC644A" lsidName="X. dactylophyllum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dactylophyllum">
<emphasis id="BE40B552BEFF5CF42A7AFC126DF339F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. dactylophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because their distribution areas overlap. However, several characters let anyone discriminate them from one another, i.e., leaf apex (3-notched in
<taxonomicName id="C7CB6D2BC816F162CB4E01FF53391A5C" lsidName="X. amblydactylum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amblydactylum">
<emphasis id="2391FB3CB0D930B83C0FBBCC982D6061" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. amblydactylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. at least 9-divided in
<taxonomicName id="ECFBABAA8567B1A93976FDCA6F120613" lsidName="X. dactylophyllum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dactylophyllum">
<emphasis id="664635BF62F277D61884CC382E2D8F6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. dactylophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), leaf lobe length (0.8-1.4 mm in
<taxonomicName id="073DF2747565C8D9A613B0F2D1D744BF" lsidName="X. amblydactylum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amblydactylum">
<emphasis id="D3D2DB25CB96026F17154317BEF187CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. amblydactylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. primary division 2-3 mm in
<taxonomicName id="4AC249AD92ACB65B130D71B5910F5048" lsidName="X. dactylophyllum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dactylophyllum">
<emphasis id="94462B8166E5CA9712C395E029A50BC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. dactylophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), involucre length (8.8-9.8 mm in
<taxonomicName id="F67C673D4B2983238994CD4C45969C48" lsidName="X. amblydactylum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amblydactylum">
<emphasis id="E1ED05DBB5AF069749085790E8A59B1F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. amblydactylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 10.8-12.8 mm in
<taxonomicName id="7CF0BC3F72416625BE1CC1FABDE8C822" lsidName="X. dactylophyllum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dactylophyllum">
<emphasis id="71D29A59D559E0207989A370058023D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. dactylophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), ray floret number (ca. 11 in
<taxonomicName id="7E077F68EBEC2DD19546C613F95BE620" lsidName="X. amblydactylum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amblydactylum">
<emphasis id="8D5E7968B0BD508CC6C9B4E035FA2825" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. amblydactylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 17 to 22 in
<taxonomicName id="11E2347090DCEE8D09D81C08EC655789" lsidName="X. dactylophyllum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dactylophyllum">
<emphasis id="5CE27FEA4A0FA210D7D82C24A20CD933" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. dactylophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E32B205A9DBB15FEBB088028D2E7A70E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E4AB3080CBA07630F3AFF36E8DDBBDC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FD9FF9C79B6AE367D545B28825B7E3D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B6FFFD05FF96A70BE1443E54CE93433F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peru. Lima</emphasis>
: Yauyos, Laraos, Carhuanisho,
<geoCoordinate id="BD2DDC1C992547432F84196BAD7BCF51" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-12.416667">12°25'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D19A8BC70AC3B8222F5246AE8583E6D8" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-75.6">75°36'W</geoCoordinate>
, 12 May 2001,
<emphasis id="A3689B9A6EC004792FAED70CAD378057" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
H.
<normalizedToken id="E437D06CEB41196E2825C1E9E3446F13" originalValue="Beltrán">Beltran</normalizedToken>
4174
</emphasis>
(USM); [without locality, bought as medicinal in the farmers market in ave.
<normalizedToken id="7BAE09EBBA836C1924B1F67A0B4CB7BF" originalValue="Aviación">Aviacion</normalizedToken>
, La Victoria, Lima, 29 Oct 1994],
<emphasis id="63E20CBB9D2FAE0E831382FAC736B112" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
G.
<normalizedToken id="CF0CE671FDF8D407D8309088A53BAABA" originalValue="Yarupaitán">Yarupaitan</normalizedToken>
1499b
</emphasis>
(USM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>