289 lines
33 KiB
XML
289 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="29A0FA6D6E62E63C857C95142326C871">The fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) of the Madeira archipelago with the description of a new Oedosphenella Frey</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="100BBE7EE6903A1FBA661F4E91E40618">Penado, Andreia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="773A822DC3835A05F5F8770ECF28308A">Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, PT- 1749 - 016 Lisbon, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3999FB5E154D71D10E19056E9D076D6D">Smit, John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0BF7D0CD4442D581654326B6BDFDCBE4">European Invertebrate Survey-the Netherlands / Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1568 - 5183</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="40D0BC93BCF29B18DF0468F1D060348C">Aguiar, António Franquinho</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EDE461403AFAD1400FBD3F2861E05B33">Laboratório de Qualidade Agrícola, Secretaria Regional de Agricultura e Desenvolvimento Rural, PT- 9135 - 372 Camacha, Madeira, Portugal & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9572 - 2967</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7E79B57C1124873E88009BC5DBA3EF03">Cravo, Délia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1D5E235519E0A90672EE5FEA98CEFD0D">Laboratório de Qualidade Agrícola, Secretaria Regional de Agricultura e Desenvolvimento Rural, PT- 9135 - 372 Camacha, Madeira, Portugal & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1804 - 9665</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3B186CAEF8F7A9CB76EF77F95FF2B644">Rego, Carla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6DC253431E7515CFFB4A89E36B471CF7">Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, PT- 1749 - 016 Lisbon, Portugal & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8005 - 4508</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F70B5FC3C9ECCDE8E8B1BA808C8BA4A1">Santos, Renata</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D75F2C6FEA9C5E8BC37B2B05E6FE95FA">Tagis-Centro de Conservação das Borboletas de Portugal, PT- 7480 - 152 Avis, Portugal. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2026 - 0702 Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, University of Azores, PT- 9700 - 042 Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9087 - 091 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="52D50336FDB3A47E640A51D4070EBE5B">Boieiro, Mário</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="90885829638C4CBD3CF757C15818DBC7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0C47A0EB5A54405CB24AF2D33E0B4696">
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<mods:date id="49AF2EBE2AB76301DD68942F21694824">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="607A80B90A87E4C5F5B0FEA847565FF3">2020-07-13</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="448D0639F575CDB587E5D83609D0FA36">4810</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03FF8786FFAEFFA6F8F0FD54FECD59F9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4332983" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176089459" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4332983" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF8786FFAEFFA6F8F0FD54FECD59F9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF8786FFAEFFA6F8F0FD54FECD59F9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="566" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
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<subSubSection id="C34C651BFFAEFFA9F8F0FD54FC165A53" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE93690FFAEFFA9F8F0FD54FD8A5A0D" blockId="7.[151,513,757,783]" box="[151,513,757,783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
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<heading id="D0A181FCFFAEFFA9F8F0FD54FD8A5A0D" bold="true" box="[151,513,757,783]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" reason="1">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4611BEFFAEFFA9F8F0FD54FD8A5A0D" box="[151,513,757,783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF71081FFAEFFA9F8F0FD54FD8A5A0D" author="Frey, R." box="[151,513,757,783]" page="93" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" year="1936">
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F8F0FD54FD8A5A0D" ID-CoL="678W" authority="Frey 1936: 93" authorityName="Frey" authorityYear="1936" box="[151,513,757,783]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Oedosphenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F8F0FD54FD8A5A0D" bold="true" box="[151,513,757,783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
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Oedosphenella
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9F930FD54FD8A5A0D" author="Frey, R." box="[343,513,757,783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="1 - 237" refId="ref11780" refString="Frey, R. (1936) Die Dipterenfauna der Kanarischen Inseln und ihre Probleme. Commentationis biologicae, 6 (1), 1 - 237." type="journal article" year="1936">Frey 1936: 93</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BE93690FFAEFFA9F8F0FC9BFC165A53" blockId="7.[151,1153,824,942]" box="[151,925,824,850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9F8F0FC9BFEA35A53" author="Frey, R." box="[151,296,824,850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="1 - 237" refId="ref11780" refString="Frey, R. (1936) Die Dipterenfauna der Kanarischen Inseln und ihre Probleme. Commentationis biologicae, 6 (1), 1 - 237." type="journal article" year="1936">Frey 1936: 93</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9F954FC9BFE515A53" author="Munro, H. K." box="[307,474,824,849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="14 - 57" refId="ref12615" refString="Munro, H. K. (1957) Sphenella and some allied genera (Trypetidae, Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, 20 (1), 14 - 57." type="journal article" year="1957">Munro 1957: 47</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9F982FC9BFD015A53" author="Merz, B." box="[485,650,824,849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="215 - 231" refId="ref12342" refString="Merz, B. (1992) The fruit flies of the Canary Islands (Diptera: Tephritidae). Entomologica Scandinavia, 23, 215 - 231." type="journal article" year="1992">Merz 1992: 226</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9FAF3FC99FC125A53" author="Norrbom, A. L. & Carroll, L. E. & Thompson, F. C. & White, I. M. & Freidberg, A." box="[660,921,824,849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="65 - 299" refId="ref12778" refString="Norrbom, A. L., Carroll, L. E., Thompson, F. C., White, I. M. & Freidberg, A. (1999) Systematic database of names. In: Thompson, F. C. (Ed.), Fruit fly expert identification system and systematic information database. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, pp. 65 - 299." type="book chapter" year="1999">
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Norrbom
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<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9FA90FC9BFCAF5A53" box="[759,804,825,849]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">et al</emphasis>
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. 1999: 177
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F941FCF9FD105A72" authority="Macquart 1843" authorityName="Macquart. The" authorityYear="1843" box="[294,667,856,880]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canariensis">
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<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F941FCF9FE705A6D" box="[294,507,856,880]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Tephritis canariensis</emphasis>
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Macquart 1843
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</taxonomicName>
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(by monotypy).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE93690FFAEFFA9F8F0FCD6FB0A5A8D" blockId="7.[151,1153,824,942]" box="[151,1153,886,911]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF71081FFAEFFA9F8F0FCD6FE265A8D" author="Munro, H. K." box="[151,429,886,911]" page="48" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" year="1957">
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F8F0FCD6FE265A8D" ID-CoL="8ZYBH" authority="Munro 1957: 48" authorityName="Munro" authorityPageNumber="48" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,429,886,911]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bevismyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F8F0FCD6FF745A8C" box="[151,255,887,910]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Bevismyia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9F961FCD6FE265A8D" author="Munro, H. K." box="[262,429,886,911]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="14 - 57" refId="ref12615" refString="Munro, H. K. (1957) Sphenella and some allied genera (Trypetidae, Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, 20 (1), 14 - 57." type="journal article" year="1957">Munro 1957: 48</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF71081FFAEFFA9F9DFFCD6FD445A8D" author="Cogan, B. H. & Munro, H. K." box="[440,719,886,911]" page="544" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" year="1980">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9F9DFFCD6FD445A8D" author="Cogan, B. H. & Munro, H. K." box="[440,719,886,911]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="518 - 554" refId="ref11454" refString="Cogan, B. H. & Munro, H. K. (1980) Family Tephritidae. In: Crosskey, R. W. (Ed), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. British National Museum, London, pp. 518 - 554." type="book chapter" year="1980">Cogan & Munro 1980: 544</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF71081FFAEFFA9FABEFCD7FC565A8D" author="Norrbom, A. L. & Carroll, L. E. & Thompson, F. C. & White, I. M. & Freidberg, A." box="[729,989,886,911]" page="105" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9FABEFCD7FC565A8D" author="Norrbom, A. L. & Carroll, L. E. & Thompson, F. C. & White, I. M. & Freidberg, A." box="[729,989,886,911]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="65 - 299" refId="ref12778" refString="Norrbom, A. L., Carroll, L. E., Thompson, F. C., White, I. M. & Freidberg, A. (1999) Systematic database of names. In: Thompson, F. C. (Ed.), Fruit fly expert identification system and systematic information database. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, pp. 65 - 299." type="book chapter" year="1999">
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Norrbom
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9FB5BFCD6FCE25A8C" box="[828,873,886,910]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">et al</emphasis>
|
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. 1999: 105
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9FB8FFCD6FB0A5A8D" bold="true" box="[1000,1153,887,911]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">new synonym.</emphasis>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34C651BFFAEFFA9F8F0FC37FCEE5AAF" box="[151,869,916,942]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE93690FFAEFFA9F8F0FC37FCEE5AAF" blockId="7.[151,1153,824,942]" box="[151,869,916,942]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
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<typeStatus id="54ED8832FFAEFFA9F8F0FC37FF425AAC" box="[151,201,918,942]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F941FC37FDD65AAF" authority="Munro 1957" authorityName="Munro" authorityYear="1957" box="[294,605,916,941]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bevismyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basuto">
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<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F941FC37FE525AAF" box="[294,473,917,941]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Bevismyia basuto</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9F9B8FC37FDD65AAF" author="Munro, H. K." box="[479,605,916,941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="14 - 57" refId="ref12615" refString="Munro, H. K. (1957) Sphenella and some allied genera (Trypetidae, Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, 20 (1), 14 - 57." type="journal article" year="1957">Munro 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(by original designation).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C651BFFAEFFA9F8F0FC7AFBB15CA4" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93690FFAEFFA9F8F0FC7AFD375DF0" blockId="7.[151,1437,987,2022]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F8F0FC7AFE995AF4" bold="true" box="[151,274,987,1014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F9F5FC7AFDB15AF7" box="[402,570,987,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Oedosphenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F9F5FC7AFDB15AF7" box="[402,570,987,1013]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Oedosphenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated from other genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9FB8AFC7AFBE75AF7" box="[1005,1132,987,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tephritidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following combination of characters. Head with two pairs of frontal setae and two pairs of reclinate orbital setae, the anterior acuminate, the posterior lanceolate. Postocular setae a mixture of black reclinate and white lanceolate. Frons with some white setulae in the middle. Two pairs of well-developed scutellar setae present. Scutellum either strongly convex and shiny or at most slightly convex and dull. Posterior notopleural setae black. Katepisternal setae black. Lower calypter as wide as upper. Wing with a short but broad extension of cell cup, vein R
|
||
<subScript id="17D234D5FFAEFFA9FC55FB00FBC75DAD" attach="left" box="[1074,1100,1185,1199]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">4+5</subScript>
|
||
bare or at most with 1–3 setae on the node. Hind femur anteroventrally with a row of strong setae, as long as the width of the femur. Surstyli each with two prensisetae and an apical prong or spur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93690FFAEFFA9F8A0FB5AFBB15CA4" blockId="7.[151,1437,987,2022]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
|
||
Within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F923FB5AFE395C17" authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" box="[324,434,1275,1301]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sphenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F923FB5AFE395C17" box="[324,434,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Sphenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group of genera, the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9FA8CFB5AFC185C17" box="[747,915,1275,1301]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Oedosphenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9FA8CFB5AFC185C17" box="[747,915,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Oedosphenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized by the following combination of characters: Hind femur with a row of strong setae anteroventrally, vein R
|
||
<subScript id="17D234D5FFAEFFA9FB80FA90FB8A5C3D" attach="left" box="[999,1025,1329,1343]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">4+5</subScript>
|
||
bare or with 1–3 setae at the node at most, scutellum slightly convex and dull brown to strongly convex and shiny, never flat and yellow, surstyli each with two prensisetae and with a posterior prong. All four known species are easily identified by their wing pattern (Fig. 1A–D) and the male genitalia that are species-specific (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9FB27FA2DFC5B5CA4" author="Munro, H. K." box="[832,976,1419,1446]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="14 - 57" refId="ref12615" refString="Munro, H. K. (1957) Sphenella and some allied genera (Trypetidae, Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, 20 (1), 14 - 57." type="journal article" year="1957">Munro 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; fig. 3C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C651BFFAEFFA6F8A0FA11FECD59F9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="567" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93690FFAEFFA9F8A0FA11FC615E9F" blockId="7.[151,1437,987,2022]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F8A0FA11FEB05CC8" bold="true" box="[199,315,1456,1482]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F9AEFA0EFDFA5CCB" box="[457,625,1455,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Oedosphenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F9AEFA0EFDFA5CCB" box="[457,625,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Oedosphenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was erected as a subgenus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9FBB9FA0EFABC5CCB" authority="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" box="[990,1335,1455,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sphenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9FBB9FA0EFBC75CCB" box="[990,1100,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Sphenella</emphasis>
|
||
Robineau-Desvoidy
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9FD0EFA11FF695CEC" author="Frey, R." pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="1 - 237" refId="ref11780" refString="Frey, R. (1936) Die Dipterenfauna der Kanarischen Inseln und ihre Probleme. Commentationis biologicae, 6 (1), 1 - 237." type="journal article" year="1936">Frey (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for the sole species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F9AEFA72FCE95CEF" authority="Macquart. The" authorityName="Macquart. The" authorityYear="1843" box="[457,866,1491,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F9AEFA72FD3E5CEF" box="[457,693,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Tephritis canariensis</emphasis>
|
||
Macquart. The
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
main characters separating it from the latter being the strongly convex and shiny scutellum, the shorter proboscis and the stronger wing pattern.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9FCDBFA59FAD05F10" author="Munro, H. K." box="[1212,1371,1527,1554]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="14 - 57" refId="ref12615" refString="Munro, H. K. (1957) Sphenella and some allied genera (Trypetidae, Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, 20 (1), 14 - 57." type="journal article" year="1957">Munro (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redefined the genus and gave the following characters to separate it from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9FBCBF9BAFB915F37" authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" box="[940,1050,1563,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sphenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9FBCBF9BAFB915F37" box="[940,1050,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Sphenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: vein R
|
||
<subScript id="17D234D5FFAEFFA9FC11F98CFB1B5F39" attach="left" box="[1142,1168,1581,1595]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">4+5</subScript>
|
||
bare, at most 1–3 setae on the node, male with the surstyli with two prensisetae each and a posterior prong, stating that neither the strong wing pattern nor the shorter proboscis are of generic value. He also hesitatingly described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9FCC7F9C5FAEC5F7C" authority="Munro" authorityName="Munro" authorityYear="1957" box="[1184,1383,1636,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bevismyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9FCC7F9C5FA985F7F" box="[1184,1299,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Bevismyia</emphasis>
|
||
Munro
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a new genus separate from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F9D2F926FDD65FA3" box="[437,605,1671,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Oedosphenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F9D2F926FDD65FA3" box="[437,605,1671,1697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Oedosphenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
partly due to the wide geographical disjunction of the two known species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F8F0F90DFEDD5FC4" authority="Munro" authorityName="Munro" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,342,1707,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bevismyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basuto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F8F0F90DFE885FC7" box="[151,259,1707,1733]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">B. basuto</emphasis>
|
||
Munro
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F9F7F90DFDBF5FC7" authorityName="Macquart. The" authorityYear="1843" box="[400,564,1708,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tephritis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F9F7F90DFDBF5FC7" box="[400,564,1708,1734]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">O. canariensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417600FFAEFFA9FB76F90AFCE05FC7" box="[785,875,1707,1733]" name="Lesotho" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Lesotho</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Canary Islands. Other characters pointed out by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9F884F971FE0B5FE8" author="Munro, H. K." box="[227,384,1743,1770]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="14 - 57" refId="ref12615" refString="Munro, H. K. (1957) Sphenella and some allied genera (Trypetidae, Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, 20 (1), 14 - 57." type="journal article" year="1957">Munro (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to differentiate the genera are the more angular head in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9FB8DF971FBD65FEB" authorityName="Munro" authorityYear="1957" box="[1002,1117,1744,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bevismyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9FB8DF971FBD65FEB" box="[1002,1117,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Bevismyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the only slightly convex scutellum, which is not shiny. However, he noted that it was not his intention to postulate that widely separated species could not belong to the same genus and that the difference in the shape of the head may not prove of generic value (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9F883F89DFEFC5E54" author="Munro, H. K." box="[228,375,1851,1878]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="14 - 57" refId="ref12615" refString="Munro, H. K. (1957) Sphenella and some allied genera (Trypetidae, Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa, 20 (1), 14 - 57." type="journal article" year="1957">Munro 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In fact, his argument of the large geographical distance to separate congeners was rendered invalid by the transfer of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F9A7F8FEFCBE5E78" authority="(Munro 1939)" baseAuthorityName="Munro" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[448,821,1887,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Oedaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F9A7F8FEFD005E7B" box="[448,651,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Oedaspis auriella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9FAFBF8C1FCA65E78" author="Munro, H. K." box="[668,813,1888,1914]" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="26 - 46" refId="ref12580" refString="Munro, H. K. (1939) Studies in African Trypetidae, with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 1, 26 - 46." type="journal article" year="1939">Munro 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417600FFAEFFA9FB18F8FEFB9B5E7B" box="[895,1040,1887,1913]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9FC5EF8FEFB6A5E7B" box="[1081,1249,1887,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Oedosphenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9FC5EF8FEFB6A5E7B" box="[1081,1249,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Oedosphenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFAEFFA9FD77F8FEFEB75E9C" author="Freidberg, A. & Kaplan, F." pageId="7" pageNumber="566" pagination="51 - 94" refId="ref11737" refString="Freidberg, A. & Kaplan, F. (1992) Revision of the Oedaspidini of the Afrotropical Region (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 33 (1), 51 - 94." type="journal article" year="1992">Freidberg & Kaplan (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, thus creating a genus with a largely fragmented distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE93690FFAEFFA6F8A0F806FECD59F9" blockId="7.[151,1437,987,2022]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,153,251]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="567" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">
|
||
The remaining differences between the two genera are the shape and pilosity of the scutellum (convex and strongly shining in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9F908F86AFD9C5EE7" box="[367,535,1995,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Oedosphenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9F908F86AFD9C5EE7" box="[367,535,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Oedosphenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and at most slightly convex and dull in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFAEFFA9FBB4F86DFBCD5EE7" authorityName="Munro" authorityYear="1957" box="[979,1094,1996,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bevismyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="566" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFAEFFA9FBB4F86DFBCD5EE7" box="[979,1094,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="566">Bevismyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the slightly more angular shape of the head in the latter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFA1FFA6F99EFF38FD2759B1" author="Freidberg, A." box="[505,684,153,179]" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" pagination="551 - 559" refId="ref11697" refString="Freidberg, A. (1987) Orthocanthoides aristae, a remarkable new genus and species of Tephritidae (Diptera) from Mount Kenya. Annals of the Natal Museum, 28 (2), 551 - 559." type="journal article" year="1987">Freidberg 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These characters seem rather poor for separating genera, and (as suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B61FFA1FFA6F954FF1CFDD259D5" author="Freidberg, A. & Kaplan, F." box="[307,601,189,215]" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" pagination="51 - 94" refId="ref11737" refString="Freidberg, A. & Kaplan, F. (1992) Revision of the Oedaspidini of the Afrotropical Region (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae). Annals of the Natal Museum, 33 (1), 51 - 94." type="journal article" year="1992">Freidberg & Kaplan 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) we consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFA1FFA6FA9BFF1FFCE459D5" authorityName="Munro" authorityYear="1957" box="[764,879,190,215]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bevismyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFA1FFA6FA9BFF1FFCE459D5" box="[764,879,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">Bevismyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a subjective junior synonym (syn. nov.) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D13FFA1FFA6F8F0FF40FEB459F9" box="[151,319,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Oedosphenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="567" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EA82FFA1FFA6F8F0FF40FEB459F9" box="[151,319,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="567">Oedosphenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |