171 lines
21 KiB
XML
171 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="809A3CD1A70E5F686B4DA640A8858277" ID-CLB-Dataset="8210" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4860.4.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dc14c45b-38bb-45b5-b8bc-706866f7fb41" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4414355" ID-ZooBank="92E2564C-60AB-4759-AB06-F177CC6841DE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609706809025" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Liu, Fei, Chen, Liusheng & Liu, Chunxiang" docDate="2020" docId="03D587BEFFE9347C2FA7E81FFE2CFB8D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4860.4.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4860 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Decticus verrucivorus subsp. crassus Gotz 1970" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="574" masterDocId="FFECFFC6FFE234772F30E939FFBCFFFF" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic Studies of the genus Decticus Serville, 1831 from China (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae), based on Morphology and Songs" masterLastPageNumber="576" masterPageNumber="563" pageNumber="574" updateTime="1698852044764" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="44B0093FBDE86BD27ADC3DC5075CC7FE">Taxonomic Studies of the genus Decticus Serville, 1831 from China (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae), based on Morphology and Songs</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5D2831119618A76545F3EC7D6295F3E7">Liu, Fei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9E89EA75484C2F750B184B22559AB0A4">College of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EB69801748E8FF0C665E27CFA9354D2C">Chen, Liusheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0878E8E7470FBEA02CD0EDCE84F566D8">Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F9D7A66695891FB02274A20CE73E8DB1" type="email">liucx@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7D4B904298134A88ED61787B565772A9">Liu, Chunxiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="59AA8647F79A32F6CC7938289DEA6208">Key Laboratory of the Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5262855D7441365BE31801455CFAEF21" type="email">liucx@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="819002D8073ED67C6DA2DA0E8FB7A8CF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EAB1F0C8C288E95CFBBDA0787B955615">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D587BEFFE9347C2FA7E81FFE2CFB8D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4414349" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177326440" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4414349" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D587BEFFE9347C2FA7E81FFE2CFB8D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D587BEFFE9347C2FA7E81FFE2CFB8D" lastPageNumber="574" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">
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<subSubSection id="C3666523FFE9347C2FA7E81FFD32FEBF" box="[151,654,294,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC336A8FFE9347C2FA7E81FFD32FEBF" blockId="11.[151,654,294,321]" box="[151,654,294,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">
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<heading id="D08B81C4FFE9347C2FA7E81FFD32FEBF" bold="true" box="[151,654,294,321]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D2BFFE9347C2FA7E81FFD32FEBF" ID-CoL="5GTPK" authority="Gotz, 1970" authorityName="Gotz" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,654,294,321]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Decticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="verrucivorus" subSpecies="crassus">
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<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2FA7E81FFD32FEBF" bold="true" box="[151,654,294,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">
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<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2FA7E81FFDBDFEBE" bold="true" box="[151,513,294,321]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Decticus verrucivorus crassus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B59FFE9347C2D38E81FFD32FEBF" author="Gotz, W." box="[520,654,294,320]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" pagination="174" refId="ref8217" refString="Gotz, W. (1970) Zur Grossenvariation im Formenkreis Decticus verrucivorus (Orthoptera, Saltatoria, Tettigoniidae). Abhandlungen und Berichte aus den Staatlichen Museen fur Tierkunde und Volkerkunde in Dresden, 31, 174." type="journal article" year="1970">Götz, 1970</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3666523FFE9347C2FA7E852FC35FE5E" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC336A8FFE9347C2FA7E852FC35FE5E" blockId="11.[151,1437,363,417]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D2BFFE9347C2FA7E852FDF8FE7C" ID-CoL="5GTPK" authority="Gotz, 1970" authorityName="Gotz" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,580,363,387]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Decticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="verrucivorus" subSpecies="crassus">
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<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2FA7E852FE76FE7D" box="[151,458,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Decticus verrucivorus crassus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B59FFE9347C2EE0E852FDF8FE7C" author="Gotz, W." box="[464,580,363,387]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" pagination="174" refId="ref8217" refString="Gotz, W. (1970) Zur Grossenvariation im Formenkreis Decticus verrucivorus (Orthoptera, Saltatoria, Tettigoniidae). Abhandlungen und Berichte aus den Staatlichen Museen fur Tierkunde und Volkerkunde in Dresden, 31, 174." type="journal article" year="1970">Götz, 1970</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Zur Grössenvariation im Formenkreis
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D2BFFE9347C2CFBE852FB17FE7D" ID-CoL="6CGV4" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[971,1195,363,386]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Decticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verrucivorus">
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<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2CFBE852FB17FE7D" box="[971,1195,363,386]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Decticus verrucivorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D2BFFE9347C2B89E852FA25FE7C" ID-CoL="8NKFC" authority=", Saltatoria" authorityName="Saltatoria" box="[1209,1433,363,387]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Orthoptera, Saltatoria</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D2BFFE9347C2FF7E8B0FEEDFE5E" ID-CoL="8NKR2" authorityName="Krauss" authorityYear="1902" box="[199,337,393,417]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tettigoniidae</taxonomicName>
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). Abh.
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<collectingRegion id="49B8F84AFFE9347C2EA8E8B3FE74FE5E" box="[408,456,394,417]" country="Turkey" name="Mus" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Mus</collectingRegion>
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. Tierkd. Völkerkd., (A) Zool. (N.F.) 31:189.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3666523FFE9347C2FA7E8F6FC1FFDF1" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC336A8FFE9347C2FA7E8F6FC1FFDF1" blockId="11.[151,1437,463,1138]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">
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<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2FA7E8F6FEAEFE16" bold="true" box="[151,274,463,489]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Large-sized. Lateral lobe of pronotum about 1.2 times higher than wide. Tegmen with nearly straight and parallel anterior and posterior margins, with rounded apices (
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<figureCitation id="13472A2DFFE9347C2C73E8CAFC2BFDF1" box="[835,919,499,526]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,260,1839,1865]" captionTargetBox="[347,1245,906,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-230@8.[340,1247,897,1815]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5a–e. Right tegmen of males. a: D. v. verrucivorus; b: D. v. latipennis ssp. n; c: D. v. sayram ssp. n. d: D. v. crassus; e: D. albifrons." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4414365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4414365/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Fig. 5d</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3666523FFE9347C2FF7EB2EFC87FBF9" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC336A8FFE9347C2FF7EB2EFBAEFD62" blockId="11.[151,1437,463,1138]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">
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||
<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2FF7EB2EFEC9FDCE" bold="true" box="[199,373,535,561]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Redescription.</emphasis>
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Tegmen brown (or light green in a few specimens), with dark brown or black spots. Stridulatory file with about 69–72 widely-arranged pegs; pegs gradually becoming shorter from proximal two thirds part towards distal end (
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<figureCitation id="13472A2DFFE9347C2E23EB66FEDBFD85" box="[275,359,607,634]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,260,1302,1328]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,702,1275]" captionTargetId="figure-236@9.[153,1434,702,1278]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6a–j. Stridulatory apparatus of Decticus. a, c, e, g, i: Mirror on right tegmen; b, d, f, h, j: Stridulatory file on underside of male left tegmen; a–b: D. v. verrucivorus; c–d: D. v. latipennis ssp. n.; e–f: D. v. sayram ssp. n.; g–h: D. v. crassus; i–j: D. albifrons." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4414367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4414367/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Fig. 6h</figureCitation>
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). Male cercus branched in or near middle. Subgenital plate with a shallow obtuse-angle incision (
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<figureCitation id="13472A2DFFE9347C2F90EBBAFE92FD61" box="[160,302,643,670]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,260,1151,1177]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,272,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-61@7.[151,1436,270,1127]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4a–o. Male pronotum and abdominal apex (scale: 1.00 mm). a–e: Pronotum; f–j: The dorsal view of abdominal apex; k–o: The ventral view of abdominal apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4414363" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4414363/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Fig. 4h & m</figureCitation>
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). Female subgenital plate with an approximately circular incision.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC336A8FFE9347C2FF7EB91FE4EFC8A" blockId="11.[151,1437,463,1138]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">
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Notes. Within this subspecies, morphological variation is large. Male tegmina slightly exceed the knees of hind femora or not. Male cerci are bifurcated in middle, or slightly near base or apex. According to length comparison between tegmen and ovipositor, females can be divided into three
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<typeStatus id="54C7880AFFE9347C2CBBEBC9FC76FCF5" box="[907,970,752,778]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">types</typeStatus>
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. One
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<typeStatus id="54C7880AFFE9347C2B3DEBC9FB81FCF5" box="[1037,1085,752,778]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">type</typeStatus>
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possesses long ovipositor, and tegmen reaching middle of ovipositor; The second
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<typeStatus id="54C7880AFFE9347C2DE6EA2DFCBAFCD1" box="[726,774,788,814]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">type</typeStatus>
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possesses long ovipositor, and tegmen reaching ovipositor apex; The third
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<typeStatus id="54C7880AFFE9347C2E77EA01FECBFCAD" box="[327,375,824,850]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">type</typeStatus>
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possesses comparatively short ovipositor and tegmen reaching middle of ovipositor. The cause of the differences are not clear.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC336A8FFE9347C2FF7EAB9FD6FFC65" blockId="11.[151,1437,463,1138]" box="[199,723,895,922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">
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<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2FF7EAB9FE07FC66" bold="true" box="[199,443,895,922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Measurement (mm).</emphasis>
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See
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<tableCitation id="C6FE0313FFE9347C2EC1EA46FDF8FC66" box="[497,580,895,921]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,239,1721,1745]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 6. Measurement (mm) of male." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF036620FFE534702FA7EF80FDFFF92E" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" tableUuid="DF036620FFE534702FA7EF80FDFFF92E">Table 6</tableCitation>
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and
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<tableCitation id="C6FE0313FFE9347C2D49EA46FD73FC65" box="[633,719,895,922]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 7. Measurement (mm) of female." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF036620FFEA347F2FA7E9A1FDE4FF4F" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" tableUuid="DF036620FFEA347F2FA7E9A1FDE4FF4F">Table 7</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC336A8FFE9347C2FF7EA9AFC87FBF9" blockId="11.[151,1437,463,1138]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">
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<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2FF7EA9AFEB5FC42" bold="true" box="[199,265,931,957]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Song.</emphasis>
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Each chirp consists of five or six syllables with different amplitudes in different temperature (
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<figureCitation id="13472A2DFFE9347C2A29EA9AFAE5FC41" box="[1305,1369,931,958]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,260,1939,1965]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1168,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-390@10.[189,1398,1168,1915]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7a–j. Song diagrams per populations. a–e: D. albifrons; f–j: D. v. verrucivorus; k–o: D. v. crassus (The temperature of m2 is 29.8 °C and others are 27 °C.); a–b, f–g, k–l: A phrase series; c, h, m1–2: Elements in a chirp; d, i, n: Sonogram of the calling song; e, j, o: Power spectrum of the calling song." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4414369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4414369/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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k–m). Compared with
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D2BFFE9347C2E7BEAF1FDA9FC1E" authorityName="verrucivorus: Wesmael" authorityYear="1838" box="[331,533,968,993]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Decticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="verrucivorus" variety="verrucivorus">
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<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2E7BEAF1FDA9FC1E" box="[331,533,968,993]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">D. v. verrucivorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the syllable number of chirp and the syllable’s structure and situation are different (
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||
<figureCitation id="13472A2DFFE9347C2FF9EAD2FEB7FBF9" box="[201,267,1003,1030]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,260,1939,1965]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1168,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-390@10.[189,1398,1168,1915]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7a–j. Song diagrams per populations. a–e: D. albifrons; f–j: D. v. verrucivorus; k–o: D. v. crassus (The temperature of m2 is 29.8 °C and others are 27 °C.); a–b, f–g, k–l: A phrase series; c, h, m1–2: Elements in a chirp; d, i, n: Sonogram of the calling song; e, j, o: Power spectrum of the calling song." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4414369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4414369/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
f–o). The important parameters are listed (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FE0313FFE9347C2DD4EAD2FC91FBF9" box="[740,813,1003,1030]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,239,693,717]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 3. Song parameters of Decticus species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF036620FFE134742FA7EB8CFD23FD32" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" tableUuid="DF036620FFE134742FA7EB8CFD23FD32">Tab. 3</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3666523FFE9347C2FF7ED36FD75FBD5" box="[199,713,1039,1066]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC336A8FFE9347C2FF7ED36FD75FBD5" blockId="11.[151,1437,463,1138]" box="[199,713,1039,1066]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2FF7ED36FE0DFBD6" bold="true" box="[199,433,1039,1065]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
See
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FE0313FFE9347C2ED6ED36FD85FBD5" box="[486,569,1039,1066]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,944,968]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Collection details of male specimens used for morphology and geometric morphometry." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF036620FFE334762FA7EA89FB00FC37" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" tableUuid="DF036620FFE334762FA7EA89FB00FC37">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FE0313FFE9347C2D5FED36FD79FBD5" box="[623,709,1039,1066]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,239,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 2. Collection details of female specimens used for morphology." pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3666523FFE9347C2FF7ED0AFE2CFB8D" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC336A8FFE9347C2FF7ED0AFE2CFB8D" blockId="11.[151,1437,463,1138]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2FF7ED0AFEDDFBB2" bold="true" box="[199,353,1075,1101]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is widely distributed in most parts of the Palaearctic Region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B59FFE9347C2B85ED0DFA24FBB1" author="Fontana, P. & Buzzetti, F. M. & Cogo, E. & Ode, B." box="[1205,1432,1075,1102]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" refId="ref8151" refString="Fontana, P., Buzzetti, F. M., Cogo, E. & Ode, B. (2002) Guide to the recognition and study of grasshoppers, crickets, mantids and similar insects of Veneto: Blattaria, Mantodea, Isoptera, Orthoptera, Phasmatodea, Dermaptera, Embidiina. Archaeological Museum of Vicenza, Vicenza, 320 pp." type="book" year="2002">
|
||
Fontana
|
||
<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2A2AED0DFAE8FBB2" box="[1306,1364,1075,1101]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B59FFE9347C2FA7ED6EFE38FB8D" author="Willemse, L. P. M. & Kleukers, R. & Ode, B." box="[151,388,1111,1138]" pageId="11" pageNumber="574" refId="ref9306" refString="Willemse, L. P. M., Kleukers, R. & Ode, B. (2018) The grasshoppers of Greece. Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, 440 pp." type="book" year="2018">
|
||
Willemse
|
||
<emphasis id="B908EABAFFE9347C2E38ED61FEFDFB8E" box="[264,321,1111,1137]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="574">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |