treatments-xml/data/03/94/F9/0394F91FFF842477A9D1FE3EFD1CFBE7.xml
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<mods:title id="F7E3817AD6124AA46E5FE376494997F6">The genus Coenosia Meigen in Iran, with a key to species and description of a new species (Diptera: Muscidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="82E0893D17A7D09D7BC06E112EFE6A79">Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran 19395 - 1454, Iran. &amp; Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, K. W. Neatby Building, Ottawa, ON, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D338AFF842477A9D1FE3EFDEEFE5A" ID-CoL="WVC5" authority="(Fabricius, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[151,571,402,429]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Coenosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
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<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477A9D1FE3EFEB4FE5B" bold="true" box="[151,353,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Coenosia tigrina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477A836FE3FFDE6FE5A" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[368,563,402,428]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" refId="ref7597" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Flensbvrgi et Lispsiae, 832 pp. [In Latin] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510" type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775</bibRefCitation>
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(
<figureCitation id="1306548CFF842477A9D9FE1AFF23FE27" box="[159,246,438,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 2025" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,181,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[193,1395,181,1948]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 2025. Coenosia species, males, lateral view. 20. C. atra; 21. C. attenuata; 22. C. humilis; 23. C. testacea; 24. C. nigridigita; 25. C. tigrina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4424397" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4424397/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Figs 25</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1306548CFF842477A844FE1AFE9FFE27" box="[258,330,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 3543" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[176,1410,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[171,1412,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 3543. Coenosia species, male sternite 5. and hypopygium, posterior and lateral views. 3537. C. nigridigita; 3840. C. testacea; 4143. C. tigrina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4424403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4424403/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">4143</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477A9D1FE53FE55FDEE" bold="true" box="[151,384,510,536]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Material examined.</emphasis>
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and
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</quantity>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE092ECEFF842477A87BFD23FE0FFD5F" box="[317,474,654,681]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" precision="1" seconds="59.3" value="48.86647">48°5159.3”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF836EC9FF842477A8A1FD22FD8EFD5F" box="[487,603,655,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" value="2007-07-09">
<collectingDate id="EFC79721FF842477A8A1FD22FD8EFD5F" box="[487,603,655,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" value="2007-07-09">9.vii.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, sweeping edge of waterhole contaminated with cow dung, M.
<collectorName id="26C82DDFFF842477AC6FFD22FF30FD3B" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">ParchamiAraghi</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED2CD0CCFF842477A9B2FD1EFE9FFD3B" box="[244,330,691,717]" country="Spain" name="Jardí Botànic Marimurtra" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" type="Herbarium">HMIM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3271B82FF842477A981FD7BFD61FCE3" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B824809FF842477A981FD7BFD61FCE3" blockId="13.[151,1437,510,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">
<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477A981FD7BFE97FD06" bold="true" box="[199,322,726,752]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3D338AFF842477A80FFD7AFDD2FD06" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[329,519,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Coenosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477A80FFD7AFDD2FD06" box="[329,519,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Coenosia tigrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is identified by the presence of a median anterodorsal and a true anterior seta on hind tibia as well as its distinct broad parafacial.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3271B82FF842477A981FCB3FAD4FCA8" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B824809FF842477A981FCB3FAD4FCA8" blockId="13.[151,1437,510,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">
<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477A981FCB3FEB4FCCE" bold="true" box="[199,353,798,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Distribution.</emphasis>
It is a Holarctic species that has been recorded from Europe, North Africa, Middle Asia and Middle East, including
<collectingCountry id="F32A0899FF842477A8DAFCEEFDD4FCAB" box="[412,513,835,861]" name="Armenia" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Armenia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32A0899FF842477AB4DFCEEFD5CFCAB" box="[523,649,835,861]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32A0899FF842477ABD5FCEEFD31FCAB" box="[659,740,835,861]" name="Turkey" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F32A0899FF842477AA59FCEEFC99FCAB" box="[799,844,835,861]" name="Iran" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Iran</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477AA1CFCEEFC04FCAB" author="Pont, A. C." box="[858,977,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref9031" refString="Pont, A. C. (2018) The Muscidae (Diptera) of Armenia. Zootaxa, 4465 (1), 1 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4465.1.1" type="journal article" year="2018">Pont 2018</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477AA9AFCEEFBC2FCAB" author="Pont, A. C." box="[988,1047,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" refId="ref8862" refString="Pont, A. C. (1986) Family Muscidae. In: Soos, A. &amp; Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 11. Scathophagidae-Hypodermatidae. Akademia Kiado, Budapest, pp. 57 - 215." type="book" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477AD64FCEEFB20FCA8" author="Gregor, F. &amp; Rozkosny, R. &amp; Bartak, M. &amp; Vanhara, J." box="[1058,1269,835,862]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref7722" refString="Gregor, F., Rozkosny, R., Bartak, M. &amp; Vanhara, J. (2016) Manual of Central European Muscidae (Diptera): Morphology, tax- onomy, identification and distribution. Zoologica, 162, 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="2016">
Gregor
<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477AD3FFCEEFB7FFCAB" box="[1145,1194,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3271B82FF842477A981FCCAFD1CFBE7" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B824809FF842477A981FCCAFD1CFBE7" blockId="13.[151,1437,510,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">
<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477A981FCCAFEEEFC77" bold="true" box="[199,315,871,897]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Remarks.</emphasis>
Like
<taxonomicName id="4C3D338AFF842477A8C6FCCAFDD9FC76" authorityName="Stein in Becker" authorityYear="1903" box="[384,524,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Coenosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attenuata">
<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477A8C6FCCAFDD9FC76" box="[384,524,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">C. attenuata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the adults of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D338AFF842477ABF4FCCAFCF5FC76" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[690,800,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Coenosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477ABF4FCCAFCF5FC76" box="[690,800,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">C. tigrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
significantly reduce the population of greenhouse pests (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477A9D9FC26FEB8FC53" author="Perron, J. P. &amp; LeRoux, E. J. &amp; LaFrance, J." box="[159,365,906,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" pagination="608 - 611" refId="ref8728" refString="Perron, J. P., LeRoux, E. J. &amp; LaFrance, J. (1956) Notes on Coenosia tigrina (F.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) mainly on habits and rearing. Canadian Entomologist, 88 (10), 608 - 611. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 88608 - 10" type="journal article" year="1956">
Perron
<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477A9B4FC26FEFEFC53" box="[242,299,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">et al.</emphasis>
1956
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477A83EFC26FDD1FC53" author="Hobby, B. M." box="[376,516,907,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" pagination="13 - 15" refId="ref8031" refString="Hobby, B. M. (1931) The prey of Coenosia tigrina (Fab.). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of London, 6, 13 - 15." type="journal article" year="1931">Hobby 1931</bibRefCitation>
) and also attack the larvae of the onion maggot fly,
<taxonomicName id="4C3D338AFF842477AD0AFC26FA49FC50" authority="(Meigen, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[1100,1436,907,934]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Delia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antiqua">
<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477AD0AFC26FB32FC52" box="[1100,1255,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Delia antiqua</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477ADB0FC26FA41FC50" author="Meigen, J. W." box="[1270,1428,907,934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" refId="ref8357" refString="Meigen, J. W. (1826) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten (Diptera). Vol. 5. Schulzische Buchhandlung, Hamm, xii + 412 pp. [in German]" type="book" year="1826">Meigen, 1826</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477A9D9FC02FE7FFC3F" author="LeRoux, E. J. &amp; Perron, J. P." box="[159,426,943,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" pagination="284 - 296" refId="ref8131" refString="LeRoux, E. J. &amp; Perron, J. P. (1960) Descriptions of immature stages of Coenosia tigrina (F.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), with notes on hibernation of larvae and predation by adults. Canadian Entomologist, 92, 284 - 296. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 92284 - 4" type="journal article" year="1960">LeRoux &amp; Perron 1960</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477A8F3FC02FD1AFC3F" author="Perron, J. P. &amp; LaFrance, J." box="[437,719,942,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" pagination="112" refId="ref8676" refString="Perron, J. P. &amp; LaFrance, J. (1952) A note on a Dipterous predator of the onion maggot, Hylemya antiqua (Meig.). Canadian Entomologist, 84, 112. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 84112 - 4" type="journal article" year="1952">Perron &amp; LaFrance 1952</bibRefCitation>
). Larvae of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D338AFF842477AA12FC02FC15FC3E" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[852,960,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Muscidae" genus="Coenosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477AA12FC02FC15FC3E" box="[852,960,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">C. tigrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been observed to feed on the lumbricid earthworm
<taxonomicName id="4C3D338AFF842477A804FC7EFD42FC18" authority="(Savigny, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[322,663,979,1006]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" genus="Eisenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rosea">
<emphasis id="B949941BFF842477A804FC7EFE0EFC1A" box="[322,475,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="572">Eisenia rosea</emphasis>
(Savigny, 1826)
</taxonomicName>
by penetrating the epidermis of their hosts (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477ADCAFC7EFA42FC1B" author="Morris, D. E. &amp; Pivnick, K. A." box="[1164,1431,979,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" pagination="2045 - 2052" refId="ref8499" refString="Morris, D. E. &amp; Pivnick, K. A. (1991) Earthworm mucus stimulates oviposition in a predatory fly (Diptera: Anthomyiidae). Journal of Chemical Ecology, 17 (11), 2045 - 2052. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00987990" type="journal article" year="1991">Morris &amp; Pivnick 1991</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477A9D1FC5AFE70FBE7" author="Morris, D. E. &amp; Cloutier, C." box="[151,421,1015,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" pagination="381 - 393" refId="ref8433" refString="Morris, D. E. &amp; Cloutier, C. (1987) Biology of the predatory fly Coenosia tigrina (Fab.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae): reproduction, development, and larval feeding on earthworms in the laboratory. Canadian Entomologist, 119, 381 - 393. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 119381 - 4" type="journal article" year="1987">Morris &amp; Cloutier 1987</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC35F8FF842477A8E9FC5AFD69FBE7" author="Yahnke, W. E. &amp; George, J. A." box="[431,700,1015,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="572" pagination="1476 - 1477" refId="ref9440" refString="Yahnke, W. E. &amp; George, J. A. (1972) Earthworms as prey for larvae of Coenosia tigrina (Diptera: Anthomyiidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 65 (5), 1476 - 1477. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jee / 65.5.1478" type="journal article" year="1972">Yahnke &amp; George 1972</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>