309 lines
60 KiB
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309 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.48532" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a7cd4383-a8c2-4750-b18a-339b417354f8" ID-PMC="PMC7237507" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-932-27" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7F2ADC60D7875C47A3F8D5AD5005E605" ID-PubMed="32476973" ID-ZooBank="7C93908FF97E4ABBBD7ECD68C38790E9" ModsDocID="1313-2970-932-27" checkinTime="1589335350119" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hatch, Avery S., Liew, Haebin, Hourdez, Stephane & Rouse, Greg W." docDate="2020" docId="EBC25AA1E9275ECBAAE9DC22C6326B56" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 932: 27-74" docOrigin="ZooKeys 932" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.48532" docTitle="Peinaleopolynoe elvisi Hatch & Rouse 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="8F4C61A7-630F-4512-8DE8-AE62A2D374A5" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="7F2ADC60D7875C47A3F8D5AD5005E605" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="7F2ADC60D7875C47A3F8D5AD5005E605" masterDocTitle="Hungry scale worms Phylogenetics of Peinaleopolynoe (Polynoidae, Annelida), with four new species" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1668168826387" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Hungry scale worms Phylogenetics of Peinaleopolynoe (Polynoidae, Annelida), with four new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hatch, Avery S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 - 0202, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ahatch@ucsd.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liew, Haebin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 - 0202, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hourdez, Stephane</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Observatoire Oceanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, UMR 8222 CNRS-Sorbonne Universite, 1 avenue Pierre Fabre, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rouse, Greg W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 - 0202, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9036-9263</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">grouse@ucsd.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>932</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>27</mods:start>
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<mods:end>74</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.48532</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.932.48532</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-932-27</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7C93908FF97E4ABBBD7ECD68C38790E9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7F2ADC60D7875C47A3F8D5AD5005E605</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164127931" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8F4C61A7-630F-4512-8DE8-AE62A2D374A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EBC25AA1E9275ECBAAE9DC22C6326B56" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName LSID="EBC25AA1-E927-5ECB-AAE9-DC22C6326B56" authority="Hatch & Rouse" authorityName="Hatch & Rouse" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Peinaleopolynoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peinaleopolynoe elvisi" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elvisi" status="sp. nov.">Peinaleopolynoe elvisi Hatch & Rouse</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="27">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. In situ photos of the new Peinaleopolynoe spp. A-E Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. observed in the Pescadero Basin, Gulf of California, Mexico: C, E Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. fighting behavior observed; the everted pharynx is used to bite off pieces of the opponent's elytra F Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 observed and collected next to a whale bone in the Monterey Canyon, California G Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. paratype SIO-BIC A 9699 observed and collected on a pig bone deployment from Jaco Scar, Costa Rica H Peinaleopolynoe goffrediae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 5485 observed and collected on a whalefall in the Monterey Canyon, California." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409276" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figures 6F-G</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Live dorsal views of the new Peinaleopolynoe spp. A Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 6151 B Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 C Peinaleopolynoe goffrediae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 5485 D Peinaleopolynoe mineoi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 10071. Scale bars: 6 mm (A); 8 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409277" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">, 7B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Micrographs of Peinaleopolynoe spp. jaws A Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. paratype SIO-BIC A 9996 B Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 C Peinaleopolynoe goffrediae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 5485 D Peinaleopolynoe mineoi sp. nov. paratype SIO-BIC A 9709. Scale bars: 3 mm (A, C); 2 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409280" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">, 10B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">, 12</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A right parapodium from segment 10 B right parapodium from segment 7 C notochaetae D superior neurochaetae (supra-acicular) E inferior neurochaetae (subacicular). Abbreviations: br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; no, notopodium; snec, superior neurochaetae; ne, neuropodium; neap, neuroacicular process; noap, notoacicular process; vc, ventral cirrus; inec, inferior neurochaetae; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 15 μm (C); 10 μm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409283" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">, 13</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
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Whalefall in Monterey Canyon, California (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="46.33" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="36.772167">36°46.33'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="122" direction="west" minutes="4.99" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-122.08317">122°4.99'W</geoCoordinate>
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), ROV "Doc Ricketts" Dive 99, 1820 m depth, 20 November 2009.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
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Type specimen:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Holotype</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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(SIO-BIC A8488) from a whalefall in Monterey Canyon, California (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="46.33" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="36.772167">36°46.33'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="122" direction="west" minutes="4.99" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-122.08317">122°4.99'W</geoCoordinate>
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), ROV "Doc Ricketts" Dive 99, 1820 m depth, 20 November 2009; fixed in formalin and preserved in 50% ethanol, with elytra fixed and preserved in 95% ethanol.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: One specimen (SIO-BIC A9699) from bones deployed at Jaco Scar, Costa Rica (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="6.88" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="9.114667">9°6.88'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="84" direction="west" minutes="50.14" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-84.83566">84°50.14'W</geoCoordinate>
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), HOV
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Alvin”">"Alvin"</normalizedToken>
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Dive AD4972, 1845 m depth, 18 October 2018; fixed in formalin and preserved in 50% ethanol, with elytra fixed and preserved in 95% ethanol. One specimen (MZUCR 1000-01) from bones deployed at Jaco Scar (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="6.91" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="9.115167">9°6.91'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="84" direction="west" minutes="50.39" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-84.839836">84°50.39'W</geoCoordinate>
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), HOV
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Alvin”">"Alvin"</normalizedToken>
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Dive AD4976, 1887 m depth, 22 October 2018; fixed in formalin and preserved in 50% ethanol, with elytra fixed and preserved in 95% ethanol. Two specimens (SIO-BIC A9871, SIO-BIC A9870) from bones deployed at Seamount 1, Costa Rica (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="52.60" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="8.876667">8°52.60'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="85" direction="west" minutes="7.34" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-85.12233">85°7.34'W</geoCoordinate>
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), HOV
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Alvin”">"Alvin"</normalizedToken>
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Dive AD4983, 2091 m depth, 29 October 2018; one fixed in formalin and preserved in 50% ethanol, with elytra fixed and preserved in 95% ethanol, and one fixed and preserved in 95% ethanol.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
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In life, large, overlapping, semi-transparent, iridescent pink elytra covering the dorsum. Dorsum with ciliated transverse bands extending onto bases of elytrophores and dorsal tubercles. Chaetae extending beyond the width of elytra (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Live dorsal views of the new Peinaleopolynoe spp. A Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 6151 B Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 C Peinaleopolynoe goffrediae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 5485 D Peinaleopolynoe mineoi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 10071. Scale bars: 6 mm (A); 8 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409277" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">7B</figureCitation>
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). Twenty-one segments total (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12A, B</figureCitation>
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). Elytra and elytrophores large, bulbous, nine pairs, on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12A</figureCitation>
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). Elytra rounded to oval-shaped and slightly sub-reniform, very thin. Smooth edges along the circumference of elytra, except for a single rounded broad macrotubercle on posterior margin of elytra on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15. Elytra on segments 2, 15, 17 ca. half the size of mid-body elytra. Elytra on segment 17 curving to a lateral point in live specimen (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Live dorsal views of the new Peinaleopolynoe spp. A Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 6151 B Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 C Peinaleopolynoe goffrediae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 5485 D Peinaleopolynoe mineoi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 10071. Scale bars: 6 mm (A); 8 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409277" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">7B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12D</figureCitation>
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). Pharynx with a total of six dorsal and six ventral border papillae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12C</figureCitation>
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). Bilobed prostomium with triangular anterior lobes bearing short, thin, very delicate lateral antennae (= minute frontal filaments, sensu
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<bibRefCitation author="Pettibone, MH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="678 - 688" refId="B31" refString="Pettibone, MH, 1993. Polynoid polychaetes associated with a whale skeleton in the bathyal Santa Catalina Basin. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 106 (4): 678 - 688" title="Polynoid polychaetes associated with a whale skeleton in the bathyal Santa Catalina Basin." volume="106" year="1993">Pettibone 1993</bibRefCitation>
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). Smooth median antenna with bulbous ceratophore in anterior notch. Eyes lacking. Pair of thick, smooth, tapering palps, ca. three times the length of prostomium (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12E</figureCitation>
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). Segment 1 with dorsal and ventral pairs of smooth, tapering anterior cirri (= tentacular cirri, sensu
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<bibRefCitation author="Pettibone, MH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="678 - 688" refId="B31" refString="Pettibone, MH, 1993. Polynoid polychaetes associated with a whale skeleton in the bathyal Santa Catalina Basin. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 106 (4): 678 - 688" title="Polynoid polychaetes associated with a whale skeleton in the bathyal Santa Catalina Basin." volume="106" year="1993">Pettibone 1993</bibRefCitation>
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), ca. the same length as palps. Ventral anterior cirri slightly shorter than dorsal anterior cirri. Cirrophores of anterior cirri long and cylindrical, each with small acicular lobe on inner side (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12E, F</figureCitation>
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). Smooth ventral cirri on segments 2-21. Buccal cirri of segment 2 modified, with bulbous ceratophores (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12F</figureCitation>
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) and longer styles. Buccal cirri attached to base of neuropodia. Ventral cirri on segments 3-21 attached to middle of neuropodia, with bulbous ceratophores and short, tapering styles (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12B</figureCitation>
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). Dorsal cirri present on non-elytrigerous segments 3, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12A</figureCitation>
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). Cirrophores of dorsal cirri cylindrical, rather long, fused to posterior sides of notopodia. Styles of dorsal cirri filiform, long, extending beyond length of chaetae. Segment 19 modified, lacking dorsal cirri and elytrophores (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12I</figureCitation>
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). Arborescent branchiae compact, with numerous short, bulbous terminal filaments, beginning on segment 3 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12E</figureCitation>
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) and continuing to segment 16 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12I</figureCitation>
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). Branchiae forming single large groups on elytrigerous segments, attached to bases of notopodia. Branchiae forming two groups on cirrigerous segments; small groups attached to dorsal tubercles and large groups attached near bases of notopodia (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12G</figureCitation>
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). Branchiae on segment 3 not fully developed, but formation of two distinct bundles of branchiae still apparent on the left side (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12E</figureCitation>
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). Four pairs of ventral segmental papillae on segments 12-15 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12B</figureCitation>
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). Ventral papillae rather long, slender, curved laterally and followed by two pairs of ventral lamellae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12H</figureCitation>
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). Rounded ventral lamellae have similar orientation as papillae but flattened and not protruding as much toward posterior end. Pygidium with a pair of anal cirri extending to approximately the outline of the body (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Macro photos and micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A dorsal view B ventral view. Segments 12 - 15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae C frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface D left elytron from segment 2 E dorsal view of anterior F ventral view of anterior G left side branchiae on segments 7 - 11 H ventral papillae on segments 12 - 15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16 - 17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows I dorsal view of posterior J ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (D, H-J); 2 mm (E-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">12J</figureCitation>
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). Parapodia biramous. Neuropodia ca. twice the length of notopodia, with an acicular process. On cirrigerous segments, notopodia with dorsal tubercles possessing small bundles of branchiae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A right parapodium from segment 10 B right parapodium from segment 7 C notochaetae D superior neurochaetae (supra-acicular) E inferior neurochaetae (subacicular). Abbreviations: br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; no, notopodium; snec, superior neurochaetae; ne, neuropodium; neap, neuroacicular process; noap, notoacicular process; vc, ventral cirrus; inec, inferior neurochaetae; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 15 μm (C); 10 μm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409283" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">13A, B</figureCitation>
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). Notopodia extending distally into acicular processes. Notochaetae forming radiating bundles, stout, with double rows of spines (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A right parapodium from segment 10 B right parapodium from segment 7 C notochaetae D superior neurochaetae (supra-acicular) E inferior neurochaetae (subacicular). Abbreviations: br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; no, notopodium; snec, superior neurochaetae; ne, neuropodium; neap, neuroacicular process; noap, notoacicular process; vc, ventral cirrus; inec, inferior neurochaetae; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 15 μm (C); 10 μm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409283" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">13C</figureCitation>
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). Notochaetae almost as long as neurochaetae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A right parapodium from segment 10 B right parapodium from segment 7 C notochaetae D superior neurochaetae (supra-acicular) E inferior neurochaetae (subacicular). Abbreviations: br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; no, notopodium; snec, superior neurochaetae; ne, neuropodium; neap, neuroacicular process; noap, notoacicular process; vc, ventral cirrus; inec, inferior neurochaetae; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 15 μm (C); 10 μm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409283" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">13A, B</figureCitation>
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). Neurochaetae slender, forming fan-shaped bundles (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A right parapodium from segment 10 B right parapodium from segment 7 C notochaetae D superior neurochaetae (supra-acicular) E inferior neurochaetae (subacicular). Abbreviations: br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; no, notopodium; snec, superior neurochaetae; ne, neuropodium; neap, neuroacicular process; noap, notoacicular process; vc, ventral cirrus; inec, inferior neurochaetae; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 15 μm (C); 10 μm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409283" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">13A, B</figureCitation>
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). Superior neurochaetae (supra-acicular) with double rows of spines (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A right parapodium from segment 10 B right parapodium from segment 7 C notochaetae D superior neurochaetae (supra-acicular) E inferior neurochaetae (subacicular). Abbreviations: br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; no, notopodium; snec, superior neurochaetae; ne, neuropodium; neap, neuroacicular process; noap, notoacicular process; vc, ventral cirrus; inec, inferior neurochaetae; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 15 μm (C); 10 μm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409283" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">13D</figureCitation>
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). Inferior neurochaetae (sub-acicular) with double rows of teeth from the mid swelling to the hooked tips; smooth beneath the mid swelling (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Micrographs of P. elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 A right parapodium from segment 10 B right parapodium from segment 7 C notochaetae D superior neurochaetae (supra-acicular) E inferior neurochaetae (subacicular). Abbreviations: br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; no, notopodium; snec, superior neurochaetae; ne, neuropodium; neap, neuroacicular process; noap, notoacicular process; vc, ventral cirrus; inec, inferior neurochaetae; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B); 15 μm (C); 10 μm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409283" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">13E</figureCitation>
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). Inferior neurochaetae teeth are less prominent than the superior neurochaetae spines. Hooked jaws with small teeth on inner borders (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Micrographs of Peinaleopolynoe spp. jaws A Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. paratype SIO-BIC A 9996 B Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 C Peinaleopolynoe goffrediae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 5485 D Peinaleopolynoe mineoi sp. nov. paratype SIO-BIC A 9709. Scale bars: 3 mm (A, C); 2 mm (B, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409280" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">10B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409282" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 12.</emphasis>
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Macro photos and micrographs of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. elvisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="elvisi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. elvisi</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A8488
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
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ventral view. Segments 12-15 are marked to indicate the presence of four pairs of papillae
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C</emphasis>
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frontal view of proboscis showing papillae and jaws. Numbers mark the papillae on the dorsal (six papillae) surface
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">D</emphasis>
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left elytron from segment 2
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">E</emphasis>
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dorsal view of anterior
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">F</emphasis>
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ventral view of anterior
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">G</emphasis>
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left side branchiae on segments 7-11
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">H</emphasis>
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ventral papillae on segments 12-15 (four pairs) indicated by white arrows. Ventral lamellae on segments 16-17 (two pairs) indicated by black arrows
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">I</emphasis>
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dorsal view of posterior
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">J</emphasis>
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ventral view of posterior. Abbreviations: XII, segment 12; XIII, segment 13; XIV, segment 14; XV, segment 15; j, jaws; ma, median antenna; pa, palp; la, lateral antenna; vac, ventral anterior cirrus; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; br1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment; no, notopodium; nec, neurochaetae; vc, ventral cirrus; ne, neuropodium; dt, dorsal tubercle; anc, anal cirrus. Scale bars: 4 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">A, B</emphasis>
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); 0.5 mm (
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|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C</emphasis>
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); 1 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">D, H-J</emphasis>
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|
); 2 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">E-G</emphasis>
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|
).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="morphological variation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Morphological variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">The holotype is 26 mm long, 15 mm wide, including chaetae. Paratypes range from 10-17 mm long, 7-9 mm wide, including chaetae.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Remarks.</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hatch & Rouse" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Peinaleopolynoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peinaleopolynoe elvisi" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elvisi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Peinaleopolynoe elvisi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. is unique from the remaining
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Desbruyeres & Laubier" authorityYear="1988" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Peinaleopolynoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peinaleopolynoe" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Peinaleopolynoe</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
taxa in having six pairs of border papillae on the pharynx (Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="T5" captionText="Table 5. Morphological diagnostic characters of the six Peinaleopolynoe spp." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BA856E4B7A316B4F5552B141887CAAC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" tableUuid="BA856E4B7A316B4F5552B141887CAAC6">5</tableCitation>
|
|
). Additionally,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. elvisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="elvisi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. elvisi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. differs from its closest relatives
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. santacatalina" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="santacatalina">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. santacatalina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. sillardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="sillardi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. sillardi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in having branchiae start on segment 3, as opposed to on segment 2. Finally, the posterior margin of the elytra displays a single macrotubercle compared to the few found in the other species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hatch & Rouse" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Peinaleopolynoe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peinaleopolynoe elvisi" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elvisi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Peinaleopolynoe elvisi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. is named after the legendary King of Rock and Roll, Elvis Presley; the iridescent golden/pink elytra are reminiscent of the sparkly, sequined costumes he favored in his late career.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="ecology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
|
|
All specimens of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. elvisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="elvisi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. elvisi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. were found associated with vertebrate bones or wood (Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="T5" captionText="Table 5. Morphological diagnostic characters of the six Peinaleopolynoe spp." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BA856E4B7A316B4F5552B141887CAAC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" tableUuid="BA856E4B7A316B4F5552B141887CAAC6">5</tableCitation>
|
|
). Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. In situ photos of the new Peinaleopolynoe spp. A-E Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. observed in the Pescadero Basin, Gulf of California, Mexico: C, E Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. fighting behavior observed; the everted pharynx is used to bite off pieces of the opponent's elytra F Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 observed and collected next to a whale bone in the Monterey Canyon, California G Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. paratype SIO-BIC A 9699 observed and collected on a pig bone deployment from Jaco Scar, Costa Rica H Peinaleopolynoe goffrediae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 5485 observed and collected on a whalefall in the Monterey Canyon, California." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409276" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">6F</figureCitation>
|
|
shows the holotype observed
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">in situ</emphasis>
|
|
on sediment next to a whalefall just before collection. Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. In situ photos of the new Peinaleopolynoe spp. A-E Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. observed in the Pescadero Basin, Gulf of California, Mexico: C, E Peinaleopolynoe orphanae sp. nov. fighting behavior observed; the everted pharynx is used to bite off pieces of the opponent's elytra F Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 8488 observed and collected next to a whale bone in the Monterey Canyon, California G Peinaleopolynoe elvisi sp. nov. paratype SIO-BIC A 9699 observed and collected on a pig bone deployment from Jaco Scar, Costa Rica H Peinaleopolynoe goffrediae sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A 5485 observed and collected on a whalefall in the Monterey Canyon, California." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409276" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">6G</figureCitation>
|
|
shows paratype SIO-BIC A9699 observed
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">in situ</emphasis>
|
|
on a deployed pig bone before collection.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.932.48532.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/409283" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 13.</emphasis>
|
|
Micrographs of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. elvisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="elvisi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">P. elvisi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. holotype SIO-BIC A8488
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
|
|
right parapodium from segment 10
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
|
|
right parapodium from segment 7
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C</emphasis>
|
|
notochaetae
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">D</emphasis>
|
|
superior neurochaetae (supra-acicular)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">E</emphasis>
|
|
inferior neurochaetae (subacicular). Abbreviations: br1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle; br2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium; noc, notochaetae; dc, dorsal cirrus; no, notopodium; snec, superior neurochaetae; ne, neuropodium; neap, neuroacicular process; noap, notoacicular process; vc, ventral cirrus; inec, inferior neurochaetae; el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment. Scale bars: 1 mm (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">A, B</emphasis>
|
|
); 15
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">C</emphasis>
|
|
); 10
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">D, E</emphasis>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |