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<mods:title id="CC612A17DDDEC81FC9916DE306B056EA">Bivalves of superfamily Galeommatoidea (Mollusca, Bivalvia) from western South Africa, with observations on commensal relationships and habitats</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C0F3E7C3B056A1BA07D5F7670E15DB69">Valentich-Scott, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D82599DA4A7D780B3C3E07EC30620A3A">Griffiths, Charles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="587A976E890E8C207BE7151AE5C41ACB">Landschoff, Jannes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FAAD963172545443E52511E9F3F298EB">Sea Change Trust, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa &amp; Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X 1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B7F06C4375EB3E53C9180F866F0A8322">Li, Ruiqi</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="35A063B74D22CF2BA2FB9B566F3E007B">
<taxonomicName id="3277D3716AE788F8BF7660BF0C9D9815" authority="Jespersen et al., 2004" authorityName="Jespersen" authorityYear="2004" class="Bivalvia" family="Montacutidae" genus="Brachiomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galeommatida" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A512B783642811663D949763A4E2A3A0" italics="true">Brachiomya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7D7581B50BDEF9BABB7B0210EAEA0D08" DOI="10.1016/j.jcz.2004.04.001" author="Jespersen Å &amp; Lützen J &amp; Nielsen C" issue="1-2" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pagination="3-19" refId="B30" refString="Jespersen A, Lutzen J, Nielsen C (2004) On three species and two new genera (Montacutella and Brachiomya) of galeommatoid bivalves from the irregular sea urchin Brissus latecarinatus with emphasis on their reproduction. Zoologischer Anzeiger 243 (1 - 2): 3 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2004.04. 001" title="On three species and two new genera (Montacutella and Brachiomya) of galeommatoid bivalves from the irregular sea urchin Brissus latecarinatus with emphasis on their reproduction." volume="243" year="2004">Jespersen et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B77E533145FA448F5A1717FBAF930C45">
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<taxonomicName id="ACD8CCD8084F07BF34F04F2B07E32E56" ID-CoL="7NTR5" authority="Jespersen, Lutzen &amp; C. Nielsen, 2004" authorityName="Jespersen, Lutzen &amp; C. Nielsen" authorityYear="2004" class="Bivalvia" family="Lasaeidae" genus="Brachiomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galeommatida" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8FA35905AA0335D9443912ABE389E01E" italics="true">Brachiomya</emphasis>
Jespersen, Lützen &amp; C. Nielsen, 2004
</taxonomicName>
.
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Type species (original designation)
<taxonomicName id="FE4B9CF624AF7306D74F973D71CF407C" authority="(Pilsbry, 1921)" baseAuthorityName="Pilsbry" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Bivalvia" family="Galeommatidae" genus="Solecardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galeommatida" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stigmatica">
<emphasis id="19733073B77B61CCDF4AB82808F2499B" italics="true">Solecardia stigmatica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4681BD5AFE128EF83787F74707DB38F2" author="Pilsbry HA" journalOrPublisher="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pagination="296-328" refId="B51" refString="Pilsbry HA (1921) Marine Mollusks of Hawaii, VIII - XIII. Proceedings. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 72: 296 - 328." title="Marine Mollusks of Hawaii, VIII - XIII. Proceedings." volume="72" year="1921">Pilsbry, 1921</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Recent.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0E4MAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="2612CC3980471ADEC2D021B6BF7A67ED">
<heading id="6B95AEFF32579CB74A3FCD8C19D6058C" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D1DCCD1735D35846B5BC3B11A3CA293">
Shell small (less than
<quantity id="57373903FFD3EBED711A36653C7FA698" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
); transversely ovate; anterior end narrower than posterior end; inequilateral; hinge plate narrow; both valves with a small triangular pseudocardinal tooth beneath umbos; ligament internal, in oblique resilifer; mantle folds wrapped over most of the shell and anteriorly extended into a large inhalant-pedal siphon, posteriorly into a smaller exhalent siphon; mantle with many slender, terminally spatulate tentacles; foot elongate; gills with inner demibranch only.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0ECNAE" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A6E5F2DF38FFEDD9F2E3C1708DF8B2DE">
<heading id="4F7BBCEE399CC2F679013AF71E30AC46" reason="title">Discussion.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B2BE7E51C4CF6DC73B8D6E8F512FB97">
<bibRefCitation id="B7CB3995FF9C48D1885EC67374F818EA" DOI="10.1016/j.jcz.2004.04.001" author="Jespersen Å &amp; Lützen J &amp; Nielsen C" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Jespersen" issue="1-2" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pagination="3-19" refId="B30" refString="Jespersen Å, Lützen J, Nielsen C (2004) On three species and two new genera (Montacutella and Brachiomya) of galeommatoid bivalves from the irregular sea urchin Brissus latecarinatus with emphasis on their reproduction. Zoologischer Anzeiger 243 (12): 319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2004.04.001" title="On three species and two new genera (Montacutella and Brachiomya) of galeommatoid bivalves from the irregular sea urchin Brissus latecarinatus with emphasis on their reproduction." volume="243" year="2004">Jespersen et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
distinguished
<taxonomicName id="42A0C9585DE99B40EC484041D509FE72" authorityName="Jespersen, Lutzen &amp; C. Nielsen" authorityYear="2004" class="Bivalvia" family="Lasaeidae" genus="Brachiomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galeommatida" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7E3C1AD6CF3B4337B618F177B2BDEEF8" italics="true">Brachiomya</emphasis>
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from other galeommatoidean genera by the presence of extensive mid-mantle folds with many spatulate tentacles.
<bibRefCitation id="AA53995D499FB49FB4F43891D82239C8" author="Huber M" firstAuthor="Huber" journalOrPublisher="Hackenheim, Germany (ConchBooks)" refId="B26" refString="Huber M (2015) Compendium of bivalves 2. Hackenheim, Germany (ConchBooks), 907 pp." title="Compendium of bivalves 2." year="2015">Huber (2015)</bibRefCitation>
accepted
<taxonomicName id="25BA6214C204F5F59B75A7402639BFB0" authorityName="Jespersen, Lutzen &amp; C. Nielsen" authorityYear="2004" class="Bivalvia" family="Lasaeidae" genus="Brachiomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galeommatida" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9FCA4101DE171CDDD9343F723955DB49" italics="true">Brachiomya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a monotypic genus. As Jespersen and Huber both postulated, we have found
<taxonomicName id="B38F8964F4C59E3DD95C96A7A0402689" authorityName="Jespersen, Lutzen &amp; C. Nielsen" authorityYear="2004" class="Bivalvia" family="Lasaeidae" genus="Brachiomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galeommatida" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9E349AB0A650576043EFFB5D4A108ED9" italics="true">Brachiomya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to group with members of the
<taxonomicName id="8AC47A37AED6279F69D1B89C0810B158" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1842" class="Bivalvia" family="Lasaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galeommatida" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Lasaeidae</taxonomicName>
. All species are likely to be obligate commensals with echinoid echinoderms.
</paragraph>
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