139 lines
17 KiB
XML
139 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="F12D8126C383AC45514B969EC050EEE5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4028.4.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="375b760c-0937-4a02-a99d-aa5ede4ff3d7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="232493" ID-ZooBank="CB2162F6-6C18-445E-BAF1-D3B8C7DCF181" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461287935779" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schmidt, Joachim & Faille, Arnaud" docDate="2015" docId="D40A87EA2006FF8A5782D514566D9701" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04028p550.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4028 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Trechoides fasciatus Motschulsky 1856" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="541" masterDocId="2833FF922007FF885715D0615535953D" masterDocTitle="Confirmation of occurrence of Trechus Clairville, 1806 in the Baltic amber forests, with description of a flightless edaphic species, and remarks on Trechoides Motschulsky, 1856 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechini)" masterLastPageNumber="550" masterPageNumber="539" pageNumber="540" updateTime="1698615529070" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="E7E75537EE4B884BB772650A78A6568D">Confirmation of occurrence of Trechus Clairville, 1806 in the Baltic amber forests, with description of a flightless edaphic species, and remarks on Trechoides Motschulsky, 1856 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3A1587BB3D7AB67F86FED211E2E2039C">Schmidt, Joachim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8C039052452078D829FE4398418123D9">Faille, Arnaud</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="73633F6FBABC731795A3A0E2E81EF66D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B8981F18C0562C03713D08D4061069EC">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8A41F71CFA43553738E4E39758D68D6C">4028</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="14B965772006FF8A5782D514566D9701" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="541" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="5C1C36FC2006FF895782D514562990B2" blockId="1.[151,796,1397,1423]" box="[151,796,1397,1423]" pageId="1" pageNumber="540">
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<heading id="075481902006FF895782D514562990B2" bold="true" box="[151,796,1397,1423]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="6ED7EAEE2006FF895782D514562990B2" bold="true" box="[151,796,1397,1423]" pageId="1" pageNumber="540">
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Remarks on
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2006FF895623D514562990B2" ID-CoL="7CNYJ" authority="Motschulsky, 1856" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1856" box="[310,796,1397,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
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<emphasis id="6ED7EAEE2006FF895623D514571B90B2" bold="true" box="[310,558,1397,1423]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="540">Trechoides fasciatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="38324B0D2006FF895520D514562990B2" author="Motschulsky" box="[565,796,1397,1423]" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" refString="Motschulsky, V. (1856) Voyages. Lettres de M. Motschulsky a M. Menetries. No. 3. In: Motschulsky, V. (Ed.) Etudes Entomologiques. Societe de Litterature Finnoise, Helsingfors, 3 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1856">Motschulsky, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="5C1C36FC2006FF895782D5DC54169390" blockId="1.[151,1437,1468,2033]" pageId="1" pageNumber="540">
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In 1855, the Russian entomologist Victor Ivanovitsch Motschulsky visited Danzig, and studied both the extensive collections of Baltic amber inclusions of Georg Carl Berendt (*1790 – †1850) and Anton Menge (*1808–†1880). Based on specimens from the Menge collection (but not from the Berendt collection as erroneously stated by
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<bibRefCitation id="38324B0D2006FF895782D6465403937D" author="Schmidt" box="[151,310,1575,1600]" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" refString="Schmidt, J. (2015) On the Eocene age of Limodromus Motschulsky, 1850, with description of L. hoffeinsorum sp. n. from Baltic Amber (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Platynini). Zootaxa, 3974 (4), 573 - 581." type="journal article" year="2015">Schmidt 2015</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="38324B0D2006FF895653D646571C937D" author="Motschulsky" box="[326,553,1575,1600]" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" refString="Motschulsky, V. (1856) Voyages. Lettres de M. Motschulsky a M. Menetries. No. 3. In: Motschulsky, V. (Ed.) Etudes Entomologiques. Societe de Litterature Finnoise, Helsingfors, 3 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1856">Motschulsky (1856)</bibRefCitation>
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described 15 species of fossil
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2006FF895493D6465134937D" box="[902,1025,1575,1600]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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including four monotypic genera of ground beetles, one potentially representing
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2006FF8955A1D62D56239358" box="[692,790,1612,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
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. However, the original description of this species is comprised of only a few lines and contains no information that allows for an assessment of the systematic position of the fossil:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5C1C36FC2006FF8957D2D6D9561A9225" blockId="1.[151,1437,1468,2033]" pageId="1" pageNumber="540">
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“
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2006FF8957C6D6D6571793ED" authority="Motsch." authorityName="Motsch." box="[211,546,1719,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
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<emphasis id="6ED7EAEE2006FF8957C6D6D6548E93ED" box="[211,443,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="540">Trechoides fasciatus</emphasis>
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Motsch.
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</taxonomicName>
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, forme de
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2006FF8955B5D6D657CD93ED" box="[672,760,1719,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="6ED7EAEE2006FF8955B5D6D657CD93ED" box="[672,760,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="540">Trechus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, mais à élytres distinctement tronquées et offrant de longs poils sur les parties latérales de la tête, du corselet et des élytres; ces dernières présentant une bande de teinte foncée sur leur milieu. Long. ½ lign.” (
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<bibRefCitation id="38324B0D2006FF895559D69E56179225" author="Motschulsky" box="[588,802,1791,1816]" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" refString="Motschulsky, V. (1856) Voyages. Lettres de M. Motschulsky a M. Menetries. No. 3. In: Motschulsky, V. (Ed.) Etudes Entomologiques. Societe de Litterature Finnoise, Helsingfors, 3 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1856">Motschulsky 1856</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5C1C36FC2006FF8957D2D74450A39201" blockId="1.[151,1437,1468,2033]" box="[199,1430,1828,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="540">
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From viewpoint of morphology, remarkable is the apparently small body size of the fossil species (~
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<quantity id="9B5B9B192006FF895225D74550BC9201" box="[1328,1417,1828,1853]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5C1C36FC2006FF8A57D2D726568E94C8" blockId="1.[151,1437,1468,2033]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="541" pageId="1" pageNumber="540">
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Unfortunately, most parts of the amber collection of Anton Menge were lost during the destruction of Danzig during the Word War II. However, in 1944, parts of this and of the equally important amber collection of Otto Helm (*1826–†1902) were packed in wooden crates and transferred to Thuringia,
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<collectingCountry id="24B4766C2006FF8954FCD7F151679295" box="[1001,1106,1936,1960]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="540">Germany</collectingCountry>
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, where much later, fragments were made accessible in the Museum der Natur, Gotha (for a comprehensive analysis of the history of these collections see Krummbiegel & Krummbiegel 2008,
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<bibRefCitation id="38324B0D2006FF8955FDD7B856B292CD" author="Martens" box="[744,903,2008,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="540" refString="Martens, T. (2008) Eine Bernsteinsammlung aus Danzig - sechs Jahrzehnte in Gotha sicher verwahrt. Abhandlungen und Berichte des Museums der Natur Gotha, 25, 3 - 12." type="journal article" year="2008">Martens 2008</bibRefCitation>
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). In a provisional listing of the higher level taxa preserved as inclusions in the remains of the Helm & Menge collections,
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<bibRefCitation id="38324B0D2005FF8A54F0D0F65193958D" author="Weitschat" box="[997,1190,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" refString="Weitschat, W. (2008) Inklusen-Sammlung Otto Helm - erste palaontologische Ergebnisse. Abhandlungen und Berichte des Museums der Natur Gotha, 25, 33 - 38." type="journal article" year="2008">Weitschat (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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indeed mentioned an unspecified number of representatives of
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2005FF8A5599D0DD563595E8" box="[652,768,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Carabidae</taxonomicName>
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, but not any
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<typeStatus id="8318885E2005FF8A54BBD0DC56EB95E8" box="[942,990,189,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="541">type</typeStatus>
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specimens of species of
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2005FF8A520FD0DD50AC95E8" box="[1306,1433,188,213]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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. However, in a revised but hitherto unpublished version of this list, Weitschat registered no additional ground beetle inclusions (C. Hoffeins 2015, in litt.). Based on a preliminary analysis of the whole inclusion material of these collections, Krummbiegel & Krummbiegel (2008) concluded that only two
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<typeStatus id="8318885E2005FF8A54F4D1495124947D" box="[993,1041,296,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="541">type</typeStatus>
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specimens of the Menge collection remained preserved. It is thus very probable that most if not all of the
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2005FF8A54D3D12D510D9458" box="[966,1080,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Carabidae</taxonomicName>
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material, including the
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<typeStatus id="8318885E2005FF8A525ED12C504E9458" box="[1355,1403,333,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="541">type</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2005FF8A5782D10E544B94B5" box="[151,382,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
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<emphasis id="6ED7EAEE2005FF8A5782D10E544B94B5" box="[151,382,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="541">Trechoides fasciatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as well as the
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<typeStatus id="8318885E2005FF8A553ED111575394B5" box="[555,614,368,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="541">types</typeStatus>
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of the many other taxa of
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2005FF8A548ED10E512394B5" box="[923,1046,367,392]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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described by
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<bibRefCitation id="38324B0D2005FF8A53ADD10E50A994B5" author="Motschulsky" box="[1208,1436,367,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" refString="Motschulsky, V. (1856) Voyages. Lettres de M. Motschulsky a M. Menetries. No. 3. In: Motschulsky, V. (Ed.) Etudes Entomologiques. Societe de Litterature Finnoise, Helsingfors, 3 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1856">Motschulsky (1856)</bibRefCitation>
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from Baltic amber, are lost. Consequently, the true identity of
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2005FF8A547FD1F551649491" box="[874,1105,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
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<emphasis id="6ED7EAEE2005FF8A547FD1F551649491" box="[874,1105,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="541">Trechoides fasciatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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remains completely unclear. Truncated elytra and lateral setae on the body are not features of
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2005FF8A5493D1D656D294ED" box="[902,999,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
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, and the small size might suggest that
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2005FF8A5782D1BD542494C8" box="[151,273,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="6ED7EAEE2005FF8A5782D1BD542494C8" box="[151,273,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="541">Trechoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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belongs to another
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2005FF8A56FBD1BD575594C8" box="[494,608,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Carabidae</taxonomicName>
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tribe, e.g.
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<taxonomicName id="9BA34D7F2005FF8A55C2D1BD560294C8" box="[727,823,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Zuphiini">Zuphiini</taxonomicName>
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or Anillini.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5C1C36FC2005FF8A57D2D19E566D9701" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="541">
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The remains of the Helm & Menge collections are now deposited in the Westpreußisches Landesmuseum Münster (Krummbiegel & Krummbiegel 2008,
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<bibRefCitation id="38324B0D2005FF8A55B9D24456799701" author="Martens" box="[684,844,548,572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="541" refString="Martens, T. (2008) Eine Bernsteinsammlung aus Danzig - sechs Jahrzehnte in Gotha sicher verwahrt. Abhandlungen und Berichte des Museums der Natur Gotha, 25, 3 - 12." type="journal article" year="2008">Martens 2008</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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