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<mods:title id="9BECFED5FC7AF085F1A3946919143829">The authorships and dates of the specific nomina Megophrys shuichengensis and Pseudohynobius shuichengensis (Amphibia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="731E14A61B8AE89F6C42F224C8D98030">Ohler, Annemarie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2140ECEDA15E2224825618D643B1B373">Dubois, Alain</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="137F369DFFB9FFE4FF1E4F64FE71FE38" blockId="1.[151,479,359,385]" box="[151,479,359,385]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">
<heading id="483781F1FFB9FFE4FF1E4F64FE71FE38" bold="true" box="[151,479,359,385]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FF1E4F64FE71FE38" ID-CoL="3Z2CN" box="[151,479,359,385]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shuichengensis">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FF1E4F64FE71FE38" bold="true" box="[151,479,359,385]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Megophrys shuichengensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="137F369DFFB9FFE4FF1E4FAEFAEEFE5E" blockId="1.[151,1436,429,1457]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">
The nomen of this species has been credited to
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FD074FAEFC2AFE7D" box="[654,900,429,452]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Tian, Y. Z., Gu, X. M. &amp; Sun, A. Q. (2000) A new species of Megophrys in China (Amphibia: Pelobatidae). Acta zootaxonomica sinica, 25 (4), 462 - 465. [in Chinese with English abstract]" type="journal article">Tian, Gu &amp; Sun (2000)</bibRefCitation>
by all recent authors who mentioned it (
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FABA4FAEFF5CFE5E" author="Dubois" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Dubois, A., Crombie, R. I. &amp; Glaw, F. (2005) Amphibia Mundi. 1.2. Recent amphibians: generic and infrageneric taxonomic additions (1981 - 2002). Alytes, 23 (1 - 2), 25 - 69." type="journal article" year="2005">
Dubois
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FA004FAEFF1DFE5E" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
: 30;
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FEAC4FD3FE6DFE5E" author="Fei" box="[293,451,464,487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Fei, L., Hu, S., Ye, C. &amp; Huang, Y. (2008) Fauna Sinica. Amphibia. 2. Anura. Beijing, Science Press, [i - vii] + i - xiii + 1 - 957. [in Chinese]." type="journal article" year="2008">
Fei
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FEC74FD3FE2AFE5E" box="[334,388,464,487]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
: 403, 2012: 236;
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FDF54FD3FD5DFE5E" author="Frost" box="[636,755,464,487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Frost, D. (2014) Amphibian species of the world: an online reference. Version 6.0. New York, American Museum of Natural History. Available from: http: // research. amnh. org / herpetology / amphibia / (accessed 18 March 2015)" type="journal article" year="2014">Frost 2014</bibRefCitation>
). In fact, its situation is similar to that described above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="137F369DFFB9FFE4FF4E4FF1FB92FD45" blockId="1.[151,1436,429,1457]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">
A first description of
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FE224FF1FD64FDB0" box="[427,714,498,521]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shuichengensis">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FE224FF1FD64FDB0" box="[427,714,498,521]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Megophrys shuichengensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was published by Tian Yungzhou &amp; Sun Aiqun (1995) in the
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FAD24FF1FA38FDB0" box="[1371,1430,498,521]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">JLTC</emphasis>
. In the first page of this paper, the Chinese idiogram for Sun is transliterated into Sen but it is transliterated into Sun in all other publications. The description mentioned an adult female
<typeStatus id="CC7B883FFFB9FFE4FCF74C3BFC75FDF6" box="[894,987,568,591]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
LTHC 944001 (snout-vent length
<quantity id="D4389B78FFB9FFE4FADA4C3BFF6CFDC8" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1385999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" unit="mm" value="113.86">113.86 mm</quantity>
) collected at an elevation of 1850 metres in Shuicheng County (the village name, Fenghuan Village, mentioned in the redescription was not given) on
<date id="677E105DFFB9FFE4FDB94C7EFD62FD2D" box="[560,716,637,660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" value="1994-04-30">30 April 1994</date>
, an adult male allotype LTHC 945004 (snout-vent length
<quantity id="D4389B78FFB9FFE4FADA4C7EFF6CFD0E" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1378" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" unit="mm" value="113.78">113.78 mm</quantity>
) and 43 other
<typeStatus id="CC7B883FFFB9FFE4FED44CA3FE6DFD0E" box="[349,451,672,695]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="05C6FD14FFB9FFE4FE5B4CA3FD86FD0E" box="[466,552,672,695]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" type="male">6 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="05C6FD14FFB9FFE4FDBA4CA3FD34FD0E" box="[563,666,672,695]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
and 34 tadpoles) collected in
<date id="677E105DFFB9FFE4FC554CA3FBD5FD0E" box="[988,1147,672,695]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" value="1994" valueMax="1995">1994 and 1995</date>
at elevations from
<date id="677E105DFFB9FFE4FAC34CA3FF62FD60" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" value="1800" valueMax="1870">1800 to 1870</date>
metres in the same county. The nomen is clearly available as the paper provided descriptions, measurements, skeletal characters and comparisons with
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FDDB4CE6FB97FD45" authority="Liu, Hu &amp; Yang, 1960" authorityName="Liu, Hu &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1960" box="[594,1081,741,764]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="giganticus">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FDDB4CE6FCEEFD45" box="[594,832,741,764]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Megophrys giganticus</emphasis>
Liu, Hu &amp; Yang, 1960
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="137F369DFFB9FFE4FF4E4D0BFE9FFC75" blockId="1.[151,1436,429,1457]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">
A redescription of the same species under the same nomen was published by
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FBB44D0BFAEFFCA6" box="[1085,1345,776,799]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Tian, Y. Z., Gu, X. M. &amp; Sun, A. Q. (2000) A new species of Megophrys in China (Amphibia: Pelobatidae). Acta zootaxonomica sinica, 25 (4), 462 - 465. [in Chinese with English abstract]" type="journal article">Tian, Gu &amp; Sun (2000)</bibRefCitation>
in
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FAE24D0BFE29FCF8" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica</emphasis>
, without mention of the original publication. The nomen was based on the same
<typeStatus id="CC7B883FFFB9FFE4FB624D29FAE6FCF8" box="[1259,1352,810,833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(snoutvent length given there as 109.0 mm), the same allotype (snout-vent length given there as 116.0 mm) and 57
<typeStatus id="CC7B883FFFB9FFE4FABC4D4EFA35FCDD" box="[1333,1435,845,868]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="05C6FD14FFB9FFE4FF164D73FF5BFC3E" box="[159,245,880,903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" type="male">7 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="05C6FD14FFB9FFE4FF764D73FEC6FC3E" box="[255,360,880,903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" type="female">6 females</specimenCount>
, 34 tadpoles and 10 larvae) collected from
<date id="677E105DFFB9FFE4FCCE4D73FC79FC3E" box="[839,983,880,903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" value="1994" valueMax="1997">1994 to 1997</date>
.
<collectingCountry id="6BD7760DFFB9FFE4FC684D73FC51FC3E" box="[993,1023,880,903]" name="American Samoa" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">As</collectingCountry>
<typeStatus id="CC7B883FFFB9FFE4FB8F4D73FBC2FC3E" box="[1030,1132,880,903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are not name-bearing type specimens (onomatophores) the fact that there were more
<typeStatus id="CC7B883FFFB9FFE4FC9F4D91FCD2FC10" box="[790,892,914,937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in the 2000 redescription has no nomenclatural consequences.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="137F369DFFB9FFE4FF4E4DDBFC62FB8D" blockId="1.[151,1436,429,1457]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">
Although the original description of this species has been overlooked until now by all authors, the nomen
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FF1E4DF9FDD2FBA8" authority="Tian &amp; Sun, 1995" authorityName="Tian &amp; Sun" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,636,1018,1041]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shuichengensis">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FF1E4DF9FE18FBA8" box="[151,438,1018,1041]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Megophrys shuichengensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FE344DF9FDD2FBA8" author="Tian" box="[445,636,1018,1041]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Tian, Y. &amp; Sun, A. (1995) A new species of Megophrys from China (Amphibia: Pelobatidae). Journal of Liupanshui Teachers College, 1995 (4), 11 - 15. [in Chinese]" type="journal article" year="1995">Tian &amp; Sun, 1995</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is available and valid, and the nomen
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FB9E4DF9FEB0FB8D" authority="Tian, Gu &amp; Sun, 2000" authorityName="Tian, Gu &amp; Sun" authorityYear="2000" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shuichengensis">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FB9E4DF9FA99FBA8" box="[1047,1335,1018,1041]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Megophrys shuichengensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FAB74DF9FEB0FB8D" author="Tian" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Tian, Y. Z., Gu, X. M. &amp; Sun, A. Q. (2000) A new species of Megophrys in China (Amphibia: Pelobatidae). Acta zootaxonomica sinica, 25 (4), 462 - 465. [in Chinese with English abstract]" type="journal article" year="2000">Tian, Gu &amp; Sun, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is its invalid junior homonym and objective synonym (isonym).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="137F369DFFB9FFE4FF4E4A43FC5DFB58" blockId="1.[151,1436,429,1457]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FF4E4A43FEE5FBEE" author="Frost" box="[199,331,1088,1111]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Frost, D. (2014) Amphibian species of the world: an online reference. Version 6.0. New York, American Museum of Natural History. Available from: http: // research. amnh. org / herpetology / amphibia / (accessed 18 March 2015)" type="journal article" year="2014">Frost (2014)</bibRefCitation>
stated that this species was transferred to the genus
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FCFC4A43FC49FBEE" box="[885,999,1088,1111]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Xenophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FCFC4A43FC49FBEE" box="[885,999,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Xenophrys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FB874A43FB35FBEE" author="Ohler" box="[1038,1179,1088,1111]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Ohler, A. (2003) Revision of the genus Ophryophryne Boulenger, 1903 (Megophryidae) with description of two new species. Alytes, 21 (1 - 2), 23 - 44." type="journal article" year="2003">Ohler (2003)</bibRefCitation>
, but this nomen was not cited in this paper. Although they maintained the species in the genus
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FC0B4A61FB46FBC0" authority="Fei et al. (2008: 403)" authorityName="Fei et al." authorityPageNumber="403" authorityYear="2008" box="[898,1256,1122,1145]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FC0B4A61FC54FBC0" box="[898,1018,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Megophrys</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FB8E4A61FB00FBC0" author="Fei" box="[1031,1198,1122,1145]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Fei, L., Hu, S., Ye, C. &amp; Huang, Y. (2008) Fauna Sinica. Amphibia. 2. Anura. Beijing, Science Press, [i - vii] + i - xiii + 1 - 957. [in Chinese]." type="journal article" year="2008">
Fei
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FBB94A61FBC8FBC0" box="[1072,1126,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">et al.</emphasis>
(2008
</bibRefCitation>
: 403)
</taxonomicName>
mentioned in its synonymic list the new combination and incorrect spelling
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FCB24A86FBC6FB25" box="[827,1128,1157,1180]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Xenophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shuichengoensis">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FCB24A86FBC6FB25" box="[827,1128,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Xenophrys shuichengoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, making it enter published taxonomic literature although it had only appeared in the unpublished website of
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FB8F4AABFB20FB06" author="Frost" box="[1030,1166,1192,1215]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Frost, D. (2004) Amphibian species of the world: an online reference. Version 3.0. New York, American Museum of Natural History. Available from: http: // research. amnh. org / herpetology / amphibia / (now unaccessible online)." type="book" year="2004">Frost (2004)</bibRefCitation>
, now unavailable online. The combination
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FEDA4AC9FDC2FB58" box="[339,620,1226,1249]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Xenophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shuichengensis">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FEDA4AC9FDC2FB58" box="[339,620,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Xenophrys shuichengensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was made by
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FC8C4AC9FC41FB58" box="[773,1007,1226,1249]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Delorme, M., Dubois, A., Grosjean, S. &amp; Ohler, A. (2006) Une nouvelle ergotaxinomie des Megophryidae (Amphibia, Anura). Alytes, 24 (1 - 4), 6 - 21." type="journal article">
Delorme
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FCE04AC9FC31FB58" box="[873,927,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">et al.</emphasis>
(2006)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="137F369DFFB9FFE4FF4E4AEEFC1FFA08" blockId="1.[151,1436,429,1457]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">
The phylogenetic relationships within the Megophryini are not sufficiently known and problems about the taxonomic identity of many species, in particular
<typeStatus id="CC7B883FFFB9FFE4FD2C4B13FD7DFA9E" box="[677,723,1296,1319]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">type</typeStatus>
species, remain. Most authors agree that maintaining all species of this group in a single genus
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FE4B4B31FD94FAF0" box="[450,570,1330,1353]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FE4B4B31FD94FAF0" box="[450,570,1330,1353]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Megophrys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not satisfying, but the genus
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FC024B31FC53FAF0" box="[907,1021,1330,1353]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Xenophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FC024B31FC53FAF0" box="[907,1021,1330,1353]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Xenophrys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as currently understood by the authors seems to be polyphyletic and needs further splitting. This whole group is in need of revision and in the meanwhile we provisionally follow
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FEF24B7BFDCBFA36" box="[379,613,1400,1423]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Mahony, S., Teeling, E. C. &amp; Biju, S. D. (2013) Three new species of horned frogs, Megophrys (Amphibia: Megophryidae), from northeast India, with a resolution to the identity of Megophrys boettgeri populations reported from the region. Zootaxa, 3722 (2), 143 - 169. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3722.2.2" type="journal article">
Mahony
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FE544B7BFDB8FA36" box="[477,534,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
who recognized a single genus
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FC414B7BFBEEFA36" box="[968,1088,1400,1423]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FC414B7BFBEEFA36" box="[968,1088,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Megophrys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Therefore, the species at stake here should now be cited as
<taxonomicName id="D4C04D1EFFB9FFE4FE4C4B99FC03FA08" authority="Tian &amp; Sun, 1995" authorityName="Tian &amp; Sun" authorityYear="1995" box="[453,941,1434,1457]" class="Amphibia" family="Megophryidae" genus="Megophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shuichengensis">
<emphasis id="21B4EA8FFFB9FFE4FE4C4B99FD4AFA08" box="[453,740,1434,1457]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="596">Megophrys shuichengensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="77514B6CFFB9FFE4FD654B99FC03FA08" author="Tian" box="[748,941,1434,1457]" pageId="1" pageNumber="596" refString="Tian, Y. &amp; Sun, A. (1995) A new species of Megophrys from China (Amphibia: Pelobatidae). Journal of Liupanshui Teachers College, 1995 (4), 11 - 15. [in Chinese]" type="journal article" year="1995">Tian &amp; Sun, 1995</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>