281 lines
28 KiB
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281 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.230.3500" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4e9bc3ce-4b88-4c17-acfd-14482cf3424b" ID-PMC="PMC3494022" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-230-1" ID-PubMed="23166476" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-230-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 230" ModsDocTitle="Revision, cladistic analysis and biogeography of Typhochlaena C. L. Koch, 1850, Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901 and Iridopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae)" checkinTime="1451248664083" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bertani, Rogerio" docDate="2012" docId="88F925FD3BA3A27AE87043703D170A9C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 230: 1-94" docOrigin="ZooKeys 230" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.230.3500" docTitle="Pachistopelma Pocock 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="4371FFCC3243DD68FFCE0A77FFB8FF9E" masterDocTitle="Revision, cladistic analysis and biogeography of Typhochlaena C. L. Koch, 1850, Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901 and Iridopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae)" masterLastPageNumber="94" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1668154580721" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision, cladistic analysis and biogeography of Typhochlaena C. L. Koch, 1850, Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901 and Iridopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bertani, Rogerio</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>230</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>94</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.230.3500</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.230.3500</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-230-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037374" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88F925FD3BA3A27AE87043703D170A9C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/88F925FD3BA3A27AE87043703D170A9C" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Pachistopelma" authority="Pocock, 1901" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1901" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901</taxonomicName>
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Figs 29-80
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachistopelma</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Pocock, RI" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="540 - 555" title="Some new and old genera of South American Aviculariidae." url="10.1080/03745480109443359" volume="7" year="1901">Pocock 1901</bibRefCitation>
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:548;
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<bibRefCitation author="Mello-Leitao, CF" journalOrPublisher="Revista do Museu Paulista" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="1 - 438" title="Theraphosoideas do Brasil." volume="13" year="1923">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mello-Leitão">Mello-Leitao</normalizedToken>
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1923
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</bibRefCitation>
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:336;
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<bibRefCitation author="Roewer, CF" journalOrPublisher="Bremen," pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="1 - 1040" title="Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940." volume="1" year="1942">Roewer 1942</bibRefCitation>
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:256;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Raven 1985</bibRefCitation>
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:119;
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<bibRefCitation author="Platnick, NI" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Science" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" title="The world spider catalog version 12.5. American Museum of Natural History. Available from: http: // research. amnh. org / iz / spiders / catalog," url="10.5531/db.iz.0001" year="2012">Platnick 2012</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachystopelma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachystopelma" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachystopelma</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Simon, E." journalOrPublisher="Paris, Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret," pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="669 - 1080" title="Histoire naturelle des araignees." volume="2" year="1903">Simon 1903</bibRefCitation>
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:959;
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<bibRefCitation author="Petrunkevitch, A" journalOrPublisher="Published by the author, Wegberg, Germany" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" title="A synonymic index-catalogue of spiders of North, Central and South America with all adjacent islands, Greenland, Bermuda, West Indies, Terra del Fuego, Galapagos, etc. Bulletin of American Museum of Natural History 29: 1 - 791. http: // digitallibrary. amnh. org / dspace / handle / 2246 / 1135" url="10.5962/bhl.title.23819" year="1911">Petrunkevitch 1911</bibRefCitation>
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:82.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma rufonigrum" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigrum">Pachistopelma rufonigrum</taxonomicName>
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Pocock, 1901, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Male and female
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachistopelma</taxonomicName>
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differ from most other aviculariines, except
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Ephebopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephebopus" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ephebopus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Tapinauchenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tapinauchenius" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinauchenius</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Psalmopoeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psalmopoeus" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Psalmopoeus</taxonomicName>
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by the straight to sligthly procurved first eye row (Fig. 37).
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachistopelma</taxonomicName>
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males differ from these genera by having a spinose spur on tibia I and females differ by having a dorso-ventrally flattened abdomen in combination with paired long spermathecae with a slight curvature medially and lacking constrictions or lobes. Additionally, males and females differ from these genera by both the absence of leg spines and the presence of urticating type II hair on the abdomen dorsum (except in mature females, that lack them).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Carapace longer than wide; cephalic region low (mainly in female) (Fig. 34). Cephalic and thoracic striae hardly distinct. Fovea shallow, straight. Chelicerae without rastellum. Eye tubercle low (mainly in female), wider than long (Fig. 36). Clypeus absent (Fig. 37). Anterior eye row straight in female, slightly procurved in male (Fig. 37). Labium wider than long, with 80-150 cuspules concentrated on anterior half. Maxillary lyra absent. Maxilla subrectangular, anterior lobe distinctly produced into conical process, inner angle bearing numerous cuspules (130-200). Sternum longer than wide. Posterior angle not separating coxae IV. Posterior sigilla submarginal, less than one diameter from margin. Leg formula: IV I II III. Clavate trichobothria on distal 2/3 of tarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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. STC of males and femalewithout teeth. Tarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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fully scopulated. Scopulae of tarsi and metatarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
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extended very laterally giving them a spatulate appearance. Femur IV without retrolateral scopula. Legs lacking spines. Posterior median spinneret with distal article digitiform (Fig. 39). Abdomen dorso-ventrally flattened in female (Figs 34-35). Stridulatory setae absent. Male spur on tibia I, consists of a low elevation with numerous spiniform setae on its tip (Fig. 33). Male palpal bulb globose narrowing abruptly forming long slender embolus, 3 times longer than tegulum length, with a curvature of roughly 45° to retrolateral side, keels absent, tegulum without prolateral depression (Figs 29-31). Two long, uniform, weakly sclerotized spermathecae with slight curvature in their middle (Fig. 32). Cymbium with a short spiniform process (Fig. 49). Type II of urticating hair on abdomen dorsum of immatures and males, absent in mature females.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Figures 29-33.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma rufonigrum" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigrum">Pachistopelma rufonigrum</taxonomicName>
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Pocock, 1901 29-32 male (MNRJ 06247), left palpal bulb 29 prolateral 30 retrolateral 31 frontal 32 male tibial spur of left leg I 33 female (MNRJ 06246) spermathecae. Scale bar = 1mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Figures 34-39.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma rufonigrum" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigrum">Pachistopelma rufonigrum</taxonomicName>
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Pocock, 1901, female (MNRJ 06246) 34 carapace and abdomen, lateral 35 abdomen, dorsal 36-37 eye tubercle 36 lateral 37 dorsal 38 labium and sternum 39 spinnerets, ventral. Scale bar = 1mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Figures 40-45.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma rufonigrum" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigrum">Pachistopelma rufonigrum</taxonomicName>
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Pocock, 1901, habitus 40-43 immatures in progression 44 female 45 male, all from E.E. Murici, Murici, state of Alagoas. Photos: R. Bertani. Scale bar = 10 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Figures 46-51.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma bromelicola" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bromelicola">Pachistopelma bromelicola</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. 46-50 male, holotype (MNRJ 06241) left palpal bulb 46 retrolateral, 47 prolateral, 48 frontal 49 male cymbium showing protuberance 50 male tibial spur of left leg I 51 female paratype (MNRJ 06242) spermathecae. Scale bar = 1mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="species included">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Species included.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma rufonigrum" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigrum">Pachistopelma rufonigrum</taxonomicName>
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Pocock, 1901 (Figs 29-45, 58-61, 67-68, 76-77),
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma bromelicola" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bromelicola">Pachistopelma bromelicola</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (Figs 46-57, 62-68, 75, 78-80).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Figures 52-57.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma bromelicola" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bromelicola">Pachistopelma bromelicola</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., habitus 52-55 immatures in progression 56 female 57 male, all from RPPN Sapiranga, Mata de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="João">Joao</normalizedToken>
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, state of Bahia, except male, from Jeremoabo, state of Bahia. Photos: R. Bertani. Scale bar = 10 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Figures 58-65. Variation in spermathecae. 58-60
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma rufonigrum" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigrum">Pachistopelma rufonigrum</taxonomicName>
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Pocock, 1901 58 Alhandra, state of Paraiba (MZSP 10839) 59 Mamanguape, state of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíba">Paraiba</normalizedToken>
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(IBSP 9756) 60 Igarassu, state of Pernambuco (MZSP 10862) 61-65
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma bromelicola" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bromelicola">Pachistopelma bromelicola</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. 61 Nossa Senhora da
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Glória">Gloria</normalizedToken>
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, state of Sergipe (IBSP ref 28482) 62-64 Santo Amaro das Brotas, state of Sergipe (MZSP 10847, 10847, 10846) 65
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Maracás">Maracas</normalizedToken>
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, state of Bahia (IBSP 7889). Scale bar = 1mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Figures 66-67. Female leg IV retrolateral view 66
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma bromelicola" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bromelicola">Pachistopelma bromelicola</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. 67
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma rufonigrum" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigrum">Pachistopelma rufonigrum</taxonomicName>
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Pocock, 1901.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Northeastern Brazil, from the state of Rio Grande do Norte [6°22'S] to state of Bahia [13°25'S], mostly in the coastal region (Fig. 68). Both species of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachistopelma</taxonomicName>
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inhabit tank bromeliads exclusively, e. g.
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Aechmea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aechmea aquilega" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquilega">Aechmea aquilega</taxonomicName>
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<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="18" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
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<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Dias et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Santos, RL" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bromeliad Society" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="153 - 157" title="Biogeography and conservation of the bromeliad tarantula Pachistopelma rufonigrum (Araneae, Theraphosidae) in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil." volume="54" year="2004">Santos et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Hohenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hohenbergia stellata" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stellata">Hohenbergia stellata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Hohenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hohenbergia ridley" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ridley">Hohenbergia ridley</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Dias et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Hohenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hohenbergia ramageana" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramageana">Hohenbergia ramageana</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Avicularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Avicularia lingulata" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lingulata">Avicularia lingulata</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Santos, RL" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bromeliad Society" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="153 - 157" title="Biogeography and conservation of the bromeliad tarantula Pachistopelma rufonigrum (Araneae, Theraphosidae) in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil." volume="54" year="2004">Santos et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
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) (Figs 69-80) which can be found in very distinct habitats such as restinga (Figs 72-74), caatinga or even rainforest (Figs 69-71). In the last case, the spiders were in bromeliads that grow mainly on rocky outcrops exposed to direct and intense sunlight.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
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Figure 68. Map showing records of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachistopelma</taxonomicName>
|
||
species on Northeastern Brazil. Losangle =
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma rufonigrum" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigrum">Pachistopelma rufonigrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
, star =
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma bromelicola" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bromelicola">Pachistopelma bromelicola</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. The gray area represents the approximate original distribution of Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. White area represents open environments (cerrado and caatinga).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
Figures 69-74.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachistopelma</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. habitats 69-71 E. E. Murici, Murici, state of Alagoas 69 general view of a hill covered with Brazilian Atlantic rainforest and showing rocky formation on its tip, lower, yellowish area is a secondary grassland 70 same, viewed from its tip and showing bromeliads on the lower right of the photo 71 details of the rocky area with bromeliads intermixed with Brazilian Atlantic rainforest 72-74 Itabaiana National Park, Areia Branca, state of Sergipe, sandy areas resembling
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“restinga”">"restinga"</normalizedToken>
|
||
vegetation with bromeliad
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“islands”">"islands"</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Photos: R. Bertani.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
Figures 75-80.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachistopelma</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. microhabitats 75, 79-80
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma bromelicola" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bromelicola">Pachistopelma bromelicola</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. 75 Itabaiana National Park, Areia Branca, state of Sergipe 79-80 RPPN Sapiranga,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="João">Joao</normalizedToken>
|
||
da Mata, state of Bahia 79 closed retreat has a female with eggsac 80 same retreat opened 76-78
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma rufonigrum" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigrum">Pachistopelma rufonigrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Pocock, 1901, E. E. Murici, Murici, state of Alagoas. Photos: R. Bertani.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="color pattern ontogeny">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Color pattern ontogeny.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachistopelma</taxonomicName>
|
||
juveniles possess a metallic green general pattern, and the dorsum of abdomen having a black longitudinal central stripe and five lateral black stripes that may connect with the central stripe. Adults are brownish to pinkish or blackish, without abdominal pattern (Figs 40-45, 52-57).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma concolor" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concolor">Pachistopelma concolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
Caporiacco, 1947, lectotype (herein designated), immature male, Guyana, Campo di Marlissa, 31 December (MZUF 507); paralec
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">totype</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, immature, Guyana, Campo I Demerara (MZUF 505), deposited in Museo Zoologico "La Specola", Firenze, examined. Specimens have spines on apex of tibiae and metatarsi, lack urticating hair both on abdomen dorsum as well as on prolateral distal femur of palp, first ocular eye row is almost straight, and maxillary lyra is absent. This combination of characters is diagnostic for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Tapinauchenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tapinauchenius" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinauchenius</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and, therefore,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma concolor" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concolor">Pachistopelma concolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
Caporiacco, 1947 is transferred to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Tapinauchenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tapinauchenius concolor" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concolor">Tapinauchenius concolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Caporiacco, 1947) comb. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="key to species of pachistopelma">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Key to species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachistopelma</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<table pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<tr pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan="1">Fig. 66Fig. 56Fig. 57</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma bromelicola" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bromelicola">Pachistopelma bromelicola</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan="1">Fig. 67Figs 44-45</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Pachistopelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachistopelma rufonigrum" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufonigrum">Pachistopelma rufonigrum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |