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<document id="71A3361EFDBF09C50FE05F87D04B46EA" ID-CLB-Dataset="46800" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.21" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3e49efd7-cb51-4214-8a47-0286df6e3dfa" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="264975" ID-ZooBank="9CCA098E-8430-47A2-8100-00500D49C65D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460361416639" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nunes, Rafael V., Carvalho, Marcela S. G. &amp; Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z." docDate="2016" docId="03FF0935FFDA4D2A6B8AFA9294BDFD19" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4078.1.21.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4078 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) angeloi Nunes, Carvalho &amp; Vaz-De-Mello, 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="241" masterDocId="FFC6714DFFD34D216B1DFF9C967DFFBE" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of the Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) assifer (Eschscholtz) species-group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)" masterLastPageNumber="244" masterPageNumber="230" pageNumber="239" updateTime="1698294594184" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="AFD1463348534FFFF4FE94C17A3C495A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="6350BB4E8BC2BD1C71F3D0D5B79A2E86">Taxonomic review of the Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) assifer (Eschscholtz) species-group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="91DBF903AFA74307BFA39C90C6326BC7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="57B2D10268380E91C7A1C55BD23D5B40">Nunes, Rafael V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D19BA79F300E5B81689BF41E946F8A88">Carvalho, Marcela S. G.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8D10B50282CEBD29674289AC0C4687CE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C0A4277CDC8216086E8F9E952B4BADB9">
<mods:roleTerm id="762CEDADC47FFC08B3E18B3D372E7314">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CA874ED5867DA07F4D4AE003F3CBB027">Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="7403217764957D9081D35ADFAF1F4859">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F971AE31397185EE6C6E1619FC98077C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D5D7DB62DFCA76C897573D61EA320A2A">
<mods:date id="CC1E1F254EEA03D6C4FC0ABE11B0A24D">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D7C635CC6126E19719B1E02683E96735" type="volume">
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<mods:identifier id="6D39F4E06BC48F9E21F2A0417A28BF96" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.21</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FF0935FFDA4D2A6B8AFA9294BDFD19" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6069564" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119409843" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6069564" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF0935FFDA4D2A6B8AFA9294BDFD19" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF0935FFDA4D2A6B8AFA9294BDFD19" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="241" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">
<subSubSection id="C34CEBA8FFDA4D286B8AFA92973BFAF4" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE9B823FFDA4D286B8AFA9294A5FA97" blockId="9.[151,728,1294,1354]" box="[151,728,1294,1321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">
<heading id="D0A10F4FFFDA4D286B8AFA9294A5FA97" bold="true" box="[151,728,1294,1321]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286B8AFA9294A5FA97" bold="true" box="[151,728,1294,1321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">
<taxonomicName id="4C56C3A0FFDA4D286B8AFA92940EFA96" ID-CoL="35NB3" box="[151,627,1294,1321]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angeloi" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Luederwaldtinia">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286B8AFA92974FFA96" bold="true" box="[151,306,1294,1320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Dichotomius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286A5EFA929474FA96" bold="true" box="[323,521,1294,1320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Luederwaldtinia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286907FA92940EFA96" bold="true" box="[538,627,1294,1320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">angeloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A211D94AFFDA4D286966FA9394A5FA97" box="[635,728,1295,1321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE9B823FFDA4D286B8AFAAD973BFAF4" blockId="9.[151,728,1294,1354]" box="[151,326,1329,1354]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">
(
<figureCitation id="136DA4A6FFDA4D286B83FAAD977AFAF4" box="[158,263,1329,1354]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[292,1288,1017,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[288,1299,988,1948]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dichotomius angeloi sp. nov. A. dorsal habitus of the male; B. dorsal habitus of the female; C. fronto-lateral view of the male head and pronotum; D. dorsal view of the paramera; E. lateral view of the aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264980/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Figures 5</figureCitation>
A–E)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34CEBA8FFDA4D286B8AFAE5953FF90C" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE9B823FFDA4D286B8AFAE5953FF90C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1401,2038]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286B8AFAE59478FA2C" bold="true" box="[151,517,1401,1426]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">
Material examined.
<typeStatus id="54ED0681FFDA4D286A92FAE5947DFA2C" box="[399,512,1401,1426]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F341F8B3FFDA4D28690CFAE69404FA2C" box="[529,633,1402,1426]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">BRASIL</collectingCountry>
:
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D28699AFAE59551FA2C" bold="true" box="[647,812,1401,1426]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Minas Gerais</emphasis>
, Vargem Bonita, Parque Nacional Serra da Canastra.
<collectingCountry id="F341F8B3FFDA4D286B8AFA0296ACFA0B" box="[151,209,1438,1461]" name="Malta" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Mata</collectingCountry>
de Galeria.
<geoCoordinate id="EE62DEE4FFDA4D286A41FA02979DFA08" box="[348,480,1438,1462]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" precision="15" value="-28.310833">28º18’39”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE62DEE4FFDA4D286AF1FA019407FA08" box="[492,634,1437,1462]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" precision="15" value="-46.525">46º31’30”W</geoCoordinate>
. 865 mosl.
<date id="FFE89EE3FFDA4D2869E0FA0295FEFA08" box="[765,899,1438,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" value="2011-11-02">02-XI-2011</date>
. MF Souza /
<taxonomicName id="4C56C3A0FFDA4D286F07FA01934BFA08" box="[1050,1334,1437,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angeloi" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Luederwaldtinia">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286F07FA0192D4FA08" box="[1050,1193,1437,1462]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Dichotomius</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286FA6FA0292ACFA0B" box="[1211,1233,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">L.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286FFFFA01934BFA08" box="[1250,1334,1437,1462]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">angeloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A211D94AFFDA4D286E23FA0293E5FA0B" box="[1342,1432,1438,1461]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<typeStatus id="54ED0681FFDA4D286B8AFA5D977EFA64" box="[151,259,1473,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
. R.V.Nunes,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC7C5D2FFDA4D286A85FA5D9505FA64" author="Vaz-de-Mello" box="[408,888,1473,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" refString="Culot, L., Bovy, E., Vaz-de-Mello, F. Z., Guevara, R. &amp; Galetti, M. (2013) Selective defaunation affects dung beetle in continuous Atlantic rainforest. Biological Conservation, 163, 79 - 89." type="journal article" year="2013">F.Z.Vaz-de-Mello and M.S.Gigliotti, 2013</bibRefCitation>
[
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286897FA5D95E2FA64" bold="true" box="[906,927,1473,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">♂</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED4720E6FFDA4D2868B5FA5E9581FA64" box="[936,1020,1474,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">CEMT</collectionCode>
].
<typeStatus id="54ED0681FFDA4D286F12FA5D92FBFA64" box="[1039,1158,1473,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="paratype">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286F12FA5D92FBFA64" bold="true" box="[1039,1158,1473,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Paratypes</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
: same data of
<typeStatus id="54ED0681FFDA4D286E29FA5D93E1FA64" box="[1332,1436,1473,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
[
<specimenCount id="9D5073AAFFDA4D286B83FA7A96AEFA40" box="[158,211,1510,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="generic">13♂</specimenCount>
, 8♀
<collectionCode id="ED4720E6FFDA4D286A16FA7A9722FA40" box="[267,351,1510,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">CEMT</collectionCode>
]; Uberaba.
<date id="FFE89EE3FFDA4D286AFDFA799445FA40" box="[480,568,1509,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" value="1995-10">X-1995</date>
, FZ Vaz-deMello [
<specimenCount id="9D5073AAFFDA4D286813FA7A9548FA43" box="[782,821,1510,1533]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="generic">7♂</specimenCount>
, 10♀
<collectionCode id="ED4720E6FFDA4D286866FA7A95B2FA40" box="[891,975,1510,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">CEMT</collectionCode>
]; Vazante.
<date id="FFE89EE3FFDA4D286F57FA7A92C9FA40" box="[1098,1204,1510,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" value="1997-12">XII-1997</date>
, S Lourenço Jr [
<specimenCount id="9D5073AAFFDA4D286E6DFA7993EAFA40" box="[1392,1431,1509,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="generic">6♂</specimenCount>
, 9♀
<collectionCode id="ED4720E6FFDA4D286BDEF996976AF99C" box="[195,279,1546,1570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">CEMT</collectionCode>
]; Lapinha.
<date id="FFE89EE3FFDA4D286A8AF9969787F99C" box="[407,506,1546,1570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" value="1981-11">XI-1981</date>
. C Godinho [1♀
<collectionCode id="ED4720E6FFDA4D2869D9F9969565F99C" box="[708,792,1546,1570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">CEMT</collectionCode>
]; Montes Claros.
<date id="FFE89EE3FFDA4D2868FFF996924CF99C" box="[994,1073,1546,1570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" value="2000-01">I-2000</date>
. Cerrado R3/P2 #1. Louzada &amp; Louzada [
<specimenCount id="9D5073AAFFDA4D286A16F9B2974DF9F8" box="[267,304,1582,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="ED4720E6FFDA4D286A26F9B297F2F9F8" box="[315,399,1582,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">CEMT</collectionCode>
]; Diamantina. Campus
<collectionCode id="ED4720E6FFDA4D2869BEF9B2957EF9FB" box="[675,771,1582,1605]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">UFVJM</collectionCode>
.
<date id="FFE89EE3FFDA4D28680CF9B195DEF9F8" box="[785,931,1581,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" value="2005-12-19">19-XII-2005</date>
. SL Assis Junior [
<specimenCount id="9D5073AAFFDA4D286F9DF9B292D8F9F8" box="[1152,1189,1582,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="ED4720E6FFDA4D286FADF9B29379F9F8" box="[1200,1284,1582,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">CEMT</collectionCode>
];
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286E06F9B19322F9F8" bold="true" box="[1307,1375,1581,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Goiás</emphasis>
, São Jorge, Vale da Lua.
<geoCoordinate id="EE62DEE4FFDA4D286A9AF9CD9476F9D4" box="[391,523,1617,1642]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" precision="15" value="-14.181945">14º10’55”S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE62DEE4FFDA4D286900F9CD94D7F9D4" box="[541,682,1617,1642]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" precision="15" value="-47.79333">47º47’36”W</geoCoordinate>
. RipFor., hum.faec.
<date id="FFE89EE3FFDA4D286886F9CE959AF9D4" box="[923,999,1618,1642]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" value="2011-01">I-2011</date>
. RV Nunes &amp; MS Gigliotti [
<specimenCount id="9D5073AAFFDA4D286E5FF9CE9314F9D4" box="[1346,1385,1618,1642]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="generic">9♂</specimenCount>
, 4♀
<collectionCode id="ED4720E6FFDA4D286B8AF9EA9696F930" box="[151,235,1654,1678]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">CEMT</collectionCode>
];
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286A1CF9E997B7F930" bold="true" box="[257,458,1653,1678]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Distrito Federal,</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F341F8B3FFDA4D286AC8F9E9944DF930" box="[469,560,1653,1678]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Brasília</collectingCountry>
. Fazenda Água Limpa (Unb).
<geoCoordinate id="EE62DEE4FFDA4D28688AF9E99241F930" box="[919,1084,1653,1678]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" precision="1" value="-15.943008">15°56'34.83&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE62DEE4FFDA4D286F56F9E99284F930" box="[1099,1273,1653,1678]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" precision="1" value="-47.93707">47°56'13.44&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
.
<date id="FFE89EE3FFDA4D286E15F9EA93E5F930" box="[1288,1432,1654,1678]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" value="2014-12-10">10-XII-2014</date>
. Pitfall fezes humanas. MSGCarvalho lgt [
<specimenCount id="9D5073AAFFDA4D286976F90694DDF90C" box="[619,672,1690,1714]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="generic">13♂</specimenCount>
, 12♀
<collectionCode id="ED4720E6FFDA4D2869F9F9069545F90C" box="[740,824,1690,1714]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">CEMT</collectionCode>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34CEBA8FFDA4D286BDAF9219295F8D8" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE9B823FFDA4D286BDAF9219295F8D8" blockId="9.[151,1437,1401,2038]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286BDAF921973CF968" bold="true" box="[199,321,1725,1750]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C56C3A0FFDA4D286A50F9219441F968" box="[333,572,1725,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angeloi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286A50F9219441F968" box="[333,572,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Dichotomius angeloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A211D94AFFDA4D286955F92194DAF968" box="[584,679,1725,1750]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286955F92194DAF968" bold="true" box="[584,679,1725,1750]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is separated of the other species in the group by the following combination of characters: males cephalic carina as wide as high, emarginated medially with a tubercle at each apex (
<figureCitation id="136DA4A6FFDA4D286BC7F899975DF8A0" box="[218,288,1797,1822]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[292,1288,1017,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[288,1299,988,1948]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dichotomius angeloi sp. nov. A. dorsal habitus of the male; B. dorsal habitus of the female; C. fronto-lateral view of the male head and pronotum; D. dorsal view of the paramera; E. lateral view of the aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264980/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Figs 5</figureCitation>
A, C); females cephalic carina very low, bearing a pair of tubercle (
<figureCitation id="136DA4A6FFDA4D286F13F899922DF8A0" box="[1038,1104,1797,1822]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[292,1288,1017,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[288,1299,988,1948]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dichotomius angeloi sp. nov. A. dorsal habitus of the male; B. dorsal habitus of the female; C. fronto-lateral view of the male head and pronotum; D. dorsal view of the paramera; E. lateral view of the aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264980/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
B); pronotal disc bearing well defined puncture (
<figureCitation id="136DA4A6FFDA4D286A76F8B597CFF8FC" box="[363,434,1833,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[285,1299,465,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[280,1312,447,1802]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Diagnostics characters of Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) assifer species-group. A – B. excavation of the anterior portion of the hypomeron indicated by the white arrows; C. setae concentrated at the sides of abdominal sternites indicated by the black arrows. The sixth abdominal sternite, wider than the other sternites and bearing a central knob; D. medial tooth at the apex of hind tibiae indicated by the black arrow; E. pronotal disc surface showing well defined punctures typical on D. affinis, D. angeloi sp. nov. and D. machadoi; F. pronotal disc surface generally lacking punctures, smooth and shining, typical of D. assifer and D. louzadai sp. nov.; G. smooth and shining elytral interstriae disc, typical of D. assifer and D. louzadai sp. nov.; H. wrinkled interstriae disc, typical of D. affinis, D. machadoi and D. angeloi sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264976/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Figs 1</figureCitation>
E, 5A–B); weak central lobe delimiting the pronotal disc anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="136DA4A6FFDA4D286FC1F8B59358F8FC" box="[1244,1317,1833,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[292,1288,1017,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[288,1299,988,1948]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dichotomius angeloi sp. nov. A. dorsal habitus of the male; B. dorsal habitus of the female; C. fronto-lateral view of the male head and pronotum; D. dorsal view of the paramera; E. lateral view of the aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264980/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Figs 5</figureCitation>
A, C) and elytral interstriae opaque, striated/wrinkled bearing few dispersed fine punctures (
<figureCitation id="136DA4A6FFDA4D286F36F8D19212F8D8" box="[1067,1135,1869,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[285,1299,465,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[280,1312,447,1802]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Diagnostics characters of Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) assifer species-group. A – B. excavation of the anterior portion of the hypomeron indicated by the white arrows; C. setae concentrated at the sides of abdominal sternites indicated by the black arrows. The sixth abdominal sternite, wider than the other sternites and bearing a central knob; D. medial tooth at the apex of hind tibiae indicated by the black arrow; E. pronotal disc surface showing well defined punctures typical on D. affinis, D. angeloi sp. nov. and D. machadoi; F. pronotal disc surface generally lacking punctures, smooth and shining, typical of D. assifer and D. louzadai sp. nov.; G. smooth and shining elytral interstriae disc, typical of D. assifer and D. louzadai sp. nov.; H. wrinkled interstriae disc, typical of D. affinis, D. machadoi and D. angeloi sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264976/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Figs 1</figureCitation>
H, 5A–B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34CEBA8FFDA4D2B6BDAF8ED94B4FC1B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="240" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE9B823FFDA4D2B6BDAF8ED94B4FC1B" blockId="9.[151,1437,1401,2038]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,933]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="240" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286BDAF8ED970AF834" bold="true" box="[199,375,1905,1930]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">
<typeStatus id="54ED0681FFDA4D286BDAF8ED9749F834" box="[199,308,1905,1930]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male
</emphasis>
. Length:
<quantity id="4CAE15C6FFDA4D286AFAF8EE9446F837" box="[487,571,1906,1930]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
. Maximum width (pronotum):
<quantity id="4CAE15C6FFDA4D286882F8EE958EF837" box="[927,1011,1906,1930]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="239" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
. Dorsal surface black, opaque. Darkbrown pilosity on ventral surface.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFDA4D286900F809941BF810" bold="true" box="[541,614,1941,1966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="239">Head:</emphasis>
dorsal surface wrinkled. Clypeus with a central emargination separating two rounded clypeal teeth. Clypeal margin more distinct at the clypeal teeth. Ventral clypeal process bifurcated. Clypeo-genal junction not angled. Cephalic carina taller than wide, bearing a tubercle on each apex and medially emarginated. Interocular space shining, smooth and lacking punctures. Clypeo-genal suture distinct. Antenal club with red tumescence.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6A8AFF209467FF6B" bold="true" box="[407,538,188,213]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Pronotum:</emphasis>
wider than long, width equal to that of elytra. Pronotum covered by coarse puncture, weaker on the center of the pronotal disc and coarser at the anterior declivity and anterior angles. Central (not bifurcated) lobe delimiting the pronotal disc anteriorly. Median longitudinal groove absent. Anterior angles rounded.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6A19FEBB97E1FEFE" bold="true" box="[260,412,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Hypomeron:</emphasis>
anterior portion bearing a well-defined excavation that is delimited by a dense brush of setae. External band of the hypomeron bearing long setae with almost the same length of the setae at the excavation and that can be seen on dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6945FEF3948DFE36" bold="true" box="[600,752,367,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Prosternum:</emphasis>
bearing spaced ocellate setigerous punctures. Setae short, reaching at most 1/5 the length of metasternal pilosity.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B681DFE0895D0FE13" bold="true" box="[768,941,404,429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Mesosternum:</emphasis>
strongly narrowed medially and covered by ocellate setigerous punctures. Setae short, reaching at most 1/5 the length of metasternal pilosity.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6FC7FE2B93E1FE6E" bold="true" box="[1242,1436,439,464]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Mesepisternum:</emphasis>
fully covered by ocellate setigerous punctures. Pilosity dense, setae with the same length of those found at the metasternum. Upper margin of the posterior portion with a triangular projection that almost reaches the pseudoepipleuron.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6A68FDB8945DFD83" bold="true" box="[373,544,548,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Metasternum:</emphasis>
mesometasternal suture distinct. Pilosity dense and covering mainly the metasternal suture. Setigerous punctures restricted mainly to the margins of the mestasternal lobe but enroaching onto middle of this lobe after its midpoint. Longitudinal sulcus present, terminating in posterior concavity which bears small ocellate setigerous punctures.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6973FD1394BEFD16" bold="true" box="[622,707,655,680]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Elytra:</emphasis>
opaque, interstriae convex, striated/wrinkled with a few disperse fine punctures. Discal striae bearing small depressions, not distinct punctures.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6F39FD289218FD73" bold="true" box="[1060,1125,692,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Legs:</emphasis>
apex of the anterior tibiae bearing a tuft of setae. Anterior calcar spatulate. Anterior tibiae tridendate, teeth confined to apical one-half of lateral margin. Apex of the metatibiae bearing a medial tooth (
<figureCitation id="136DA4A6FFD94D2B687BFD6095DAFCAA" box="[870,935,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1823,1845]" captionTargetBox="[285,1299,465,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[280,1312,447,1802]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Diagnostics characters of Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) assifer species-group. A – B. excavation of the anterior portion of the hypomeron indicated by the white arrows; C. setae concentrated at the sides of abdominal sternites indicated by the black arrows. The sixth abdominal sternite, wider than the other sternites and bearing a central knob; D. medial tooth at the apex of hind tibiae indicated by the black arrow; E. pronotal disc surface showing well defined punctures typical on D. affinis, D. angeloi sp. nov. and D. machadoi; F. pronotal disc surface generally lacking punctures, smooth and shining, typical of D. assifer and D. louzadai sp. nov.; G. smooth and shining elytral interstriae disc, typical of D. assifer and D. louzadai sp. nov.; H. wrinkled interstriae disc, typical of D. affinis, D. machadoi and D. angeloi sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264976/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D). Ventral surface of the profemur bearing setigerous punctures; similar punctures present marginally on the meso and metafemur but are restricted to their margins or apex. Tarsi densely covered by dark brown pilosity.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6877FCD8959AFCE3" bold="true" box="[874,999,836,861]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Abdomen:</emphasis>
sixth sternite very narrowed medially. Setigerous punctures present on sides near anterior margin.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6850FCFB95B7FC3E" bold="true" box="[845,970,871,896]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Pygidium:</emphasis>
as long as wide, bearing fine punctures equally spaced (
<date id="FFE89EE3FFD94D2B6A50FC109711FC1A" box="[333,364,908,932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">8x</date>
).
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6A9DFC10947CFC1B" bold="true" box="[384,513,908,933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Paramera:</emphasis>
as on
<figureCitation id="136DA4A6FFD94D2B6954FC1094F3FC1B" box="[585,654,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[292,1288,1017,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[288,1299,988,1948]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dichotomius angeloi sp. nov. A. dorsal habitus of the male; B. dorsal habitus of the female; C. fronto-lateral view of the male head and pronotum; D. dorsal view of the paramera; E. lateral view of the aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Figs 5</figureCitation>
D–E.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF29E8ABFFD94D2B6B8AF8289218F856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264980/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="240" targetBox="[292,1288,1017,1936]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BE9B823FFD94D2B6B8AF8289218F856" blockId="10.[151,1436,1972,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6B8AF828976FF877" bold="true" box="[151,274,1972,1994]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C56C3A0FFD94D2B6A04F8289790F874" box="[281,493,1972,1994]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angeloi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6A04F8289790F874" box="[281,493,1972,1994]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">Dichotomius angeloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6AEEF828941EF877" bold="true" box="[499,611,1972,1993]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A211D94AFFD94D2B6AEEF828943EF877" box="[499,579,1972,1993]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A.
</emphasis>
dorsal habitus of the male;
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6861F82895EEF877" bold="true" box="[892,915,1972,1993]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">B.</emphasis>
dorsal habitus of the female;
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6FDDF82892A5F874" bold="true" box="[1216,1240,1972,1994]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">C.</emphasis>
fronto-lateral view of the male head and pronotum;
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B6AFDF84F9785F856" bold="true" box="[480,504,2003,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">D.</emphasis>
dorsal view of the paramera;
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD94D2B683BF84F9540F856" bold="true" box="[806,829,2003,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="240">E.</emphasis>
lateral view of the aedeagus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34CEBA8FFD84D2A6BDAFF0B96BFFE13" pageId="11" pageNumber="241" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE9B823FFD84D2A6BDAFF0B96BFFE13" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD84D2A6BDAFF0B947BFF0E" bold="true" box="[199,518,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">
Variation in the
<typeStatus id="54ED0681FFD84D2A6A94FF0B947CFF0E" box="[393,513,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="241" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Body length varies from
<quantity id="4CAE15C6FFD84D2A683BFF0495E2FF11" box="[806,927,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="14.0">14–20 mm</quantity>
and pronotum width from
<quantity id="4CAE15C6FFD84D2A6FD0FF049347FF11" box="[1229,1338,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">9–11 mm</quantity>
. Smaller males bear a lower cephalic carina while the central lobe that delimits the pronotal disc of the anterior declivity is less developed. Females (
<figureCitation id="136DA4A6FFD84D2A6ADCFF439475FF46" box="[449,520,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1972,1994]" captionTargetBox="[292,1288,1017,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[288,1299,988,1948]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dichotomius angeloi sp. nov. A. dorsal habitus of the male; B. dorsal habitus of the female; C. fronto-lateral view of the male head and pronotum; D. dorsal view of the paramera; E. lateral view of the aedeagus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264980/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
B) are smaller, bear denser and longer pilosity on ventral surface and are also differentiated as follows:
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD84D2A6AA3FE98947AFEA3" bold="true" box="[446,519,260,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">Head:</emphasis>
cephalic carina low, widely emarginated and bearing an acute tubercle at each apex.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD84D2A6BC1FEBB9723FEFE" bold="true" box="[220,350,295,320]" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">Pronotum:</emphasis>
anterior declivity and central lobe are not present. Pronotal disc punctures deeper.
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD84D2A6E03FEBB93E1FEFE" bold="true" box="[1310,1436,295,320]" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">Abdomen:</emphasis>
sixth sternite not shortened medially and bearing a central knob. The
<typeStatus id="54ED0681FFD84D2A68C0FED19237FEDB" box="[989,1098,333,357]" pageId="11" pageNumber="241" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
belonging to the locality of Chapada dos Veadeiros, in the Brazilian state of Goiás have the dorsal surface very opaque while pilosity is vivid red.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34CEBA8FFD84D2A6BDAFE2B9783FDA6" pageId="11" pageNumber="241" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE9B823FFD84D2A6BDAFE2B9783FDA6" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD84D2A6BDAFE2B971DFE6E" bold="true" box="[199,352,439,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">Distribution.</emphasis>
this species has a disjunct distribution at central
<collectingCountry id="F341F8B3FFD84D2A6896FE2B95A9FE6E" box="[907,980,439,464]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">Brazil</collectingCountry>
: north (Triângulo Mineiro and near Vale do Jequitinhonha) and center (Serra da Canastra) of the state of Minas Gerais and north of the state of Goiás, at Chapada dos Veadeiros (
<figureCitation id="136DA4A6FFD84D2A6AB6FE63978DFDA6" box="[427,496,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1440,1462]" captionTargetBox="[340,1240,700,1416]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[340,1247,700,1417]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Distribution map of species in the Dichotomius (L uederwaldtinia) assifer species-group." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264982/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34CEBA8FFD84D2A6BDAFDB894BDFD19" pageId="11" pageNumber="241" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE9B823FFD84D2A6BDAFDB894BDFD19" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="B9226431FFD84D2A6BDAFDB89733FD83" bold="true" box="[199,334,548,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="241">Etymology.</emphasis>
As Martínez &amp; Pereira did in 1967 (see next species), this species is named after Angelo B. M. Machado as an acknowledgement of the enlightenment he brought to generations of Brazilians on conservation and environmental education issues, and to the third author in particular for long-term friendship, support and encouragement in good and in difficult moments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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