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<document ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0082(2003)421&lt;0001:ANSOTR&gt;2.0.CO;2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f4c2f80e-4917-4b5b-9415-0ee6377973ce" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4734917" approvalRequired="4" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="4" checkinTime="1620068002453" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="VOSS, ROBERT S." docDate="2003" docId="03FAB267FF97FFE9FCADFEACDB97DA47" docLanguage="en" docName="AmMusNovit.2003.3421.1-47.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 3421" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282003%29421%3C0001%3AANSOTR%3E2.0.CO%3B2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:70DDF1BDF6846024993F05262BAE3001.1:AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="70DDF1BDF6846024993F05262BAE3001" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Coendou quichua Thomas 1899" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="FFC3CA1FFFB6FFCBFF8AFF92DB29DF75" masterDocTitle="A New Species of Thomasomys (Rodentia: Muridae) from Eastern Ecuador, with Remarks on Mammalian Diversity and Biogeography in the Cordillera Oriental" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1671043263584" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title>A New Species of Thomasomys (Rodentia: Muridae) from Eastern Ecuador, with Remarks on Mammalian Diversity and Biogeography in the Cordillera Oriental</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>VOSS, ROBERT S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2003</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2003-12-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number>3421</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0082(2003)421&lt;0001:ANSOTR&gt;2.0.CO;2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4734860" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189547082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4734860" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FAB267FF97FFE9FCADFEACDB97DA47" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAB267FF97FFE9FCADFEACDB97DA47" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="33.[807,1119,318,341]" box="[807,1119,318,341]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<heading box="[807,1119,318,341]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="8">
<taxonomicName authority="Thomas" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1899" box="[807,1119,318,341]" class="Mammalia" family="Erethizontidae" genus="Coendou" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quichua">
<emphasis box="[807,1016,318,341]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Coendou quichua</emphasis>
Thomas
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="33.[699,1228,369,1741]" box="[728,1077,369,392]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">SPECIMENS COLLECTED: None.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="33.[699,1228,369,1741]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
OTHER MATERIAL: I examined three NHRS specimens (A58/2822, A58/2962, A59/2962) collected by Ludovic Söderström in 1911 at Tablon above Tumbaco with recorded elevations of 9000
<quantity box="[914,1022,516,539]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3528" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="ft" value="11.0">11,000 ft</quantity>
[
<quantity box="[1038,1212,516,539]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.049" metricValueMax="3.354" metricValueMin="2.7439999999999998" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="3049.0" valueMax="3354.0" valueMin="2744.0">27443354 m</quantity>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="33.[699,1228,369,1741]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
TAXONOMY:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1899" box="[880,1094,545,568]" class="Mammalia" family="Erethizontidae" genus="Coendou" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quichua">
<emphasis box="[880,1094,545,568]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Coendou quichua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a morphologically distinctive porcupine whose diagnostic characters were accurately described by
<bibRefCitation author="Thomas, O." box="[736,919,633,656]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="152 - 155" refId="ref25154" refString="Thomas, O. 1899. On new small mammals from South America. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7 (3): 152 - 155." type="journal article" year="1899">Thomas (1899)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation author="Cabrera, A." box="[930,1110,633,656]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="309 - 732" refId="ref21669" refString="Cabrera, A. 1961. Catalogo de los mamiferos de America del Sur. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales '' Bernardino Rivadavia' ' (Ciencias Zoologicas) 4 (2): 309 - 732." type="journal article" year="1961">Cabrera (1961)</bibRefCitation>
, however, treated
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1899" box="[787,881,663,686]" class="Mammalia" family="Erethizontidae" genus="Coendou" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quichua">
<emphasis box="[787,881,663,686]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">quichua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName authority="Tschudi" authorityName="Tschudi" class="Mammalia" family="Erethizontidae" genus="Coendou" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis box="[1108,1227,663,686]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">C. bicolor</emphasis>
Tschudi
</taxonomicName>
without providing any justification for doing so. Although
<bibRefCitation author="Emmons, L. H." box="[981,1175,721,744]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref22285" refString="Emmons, L. H. 1990. Neotropical rainforest mammals: a field guide. Chicago: University of Chicago Press." type="book" year="1990">Emmons (1990)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Albuja" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="163 - 203" refId="ref21159" refString="Albuja V. L. 1991. Lista de vertebrados del Ecuador: mamiferos. Revista Politecnica 16: 163 - 203." type="journal article" year="1991">Albuja (1991)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Tirira" box="[860,1019,750,773]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref25510" refString="Tirira S., D. 1999. Mamiferos del Ecuador [vol.] II. Quito: Museo de Zoologia, Pontifica Universidad Catolica del Ecuador." type="book" year="1999">Tirira (1999)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation author="Alberico, M. &amp; V. Rojas-Diaz &amp; J. G. Moreno" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="595 - 612" refId="ref21101" refString="Alberico, M., V. Rojas-Diaz, and J. G. Moreno. 1999. Aporte sobre la taxonomia y distribucion de los puercoespines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) en Colombia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas, y Naturales 23 (supplemento especial): 595 - 612." type="journal article" year="1999">Alberico et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
have subsequently recognized that
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1899" box="[699,793,809,832]" class="Mammalia" family="Erethizontidae" genus="Coendou" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quichua">
<emphasis box="[699,793,809,832]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">quichua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a valid species, some checklists (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation author="Woods, C. A." box="[774,937,838,861]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="771 - 806" refId="ref25944" refString="Woods, C. A. 1993. Suborder Hystricognathi. In D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder (editors), Mammal species of the world, 2 nd ed.: 771 - 806. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press." type="book chapter" year="1993">Woods, 1993</bibRefCitation>
) continue to treat this name as a synonym of
<taxonomicName box="[979,1063,868,891]" class="Mammalia" family="Erethizontidae" genus="Coendou" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis box="[979,1063,868,891]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="33.[699,1228,369,1741]" lastBlockId="34.[124,653,193,480]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
To date, no rationale has been provided for the zoogeographically incoherent and morphologically divergent collection of taxa that
<bibRefCitation author="Cabrera, A." box="[699,878,985,1008]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="309 - 732" refId="ref21669" refString="Cabrera, A. 1961. Catalogo de los mamiferos de America del Sur. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales '' Bernardino Rivadavia' ' (Ciencias Zoologicas) 4 (2): 309 - 732." type="journal article" year="1961">Cabrera (1961)</bibRefCitation>
lumped together as
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Erethizontidae" genus="Coendou" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Coendou bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Although this name has been applied by authors to a wide range of morphologies, specimens collected in the vicinity of the Peruvian
<typeStatus box="[788,838,1102,1125]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
locality (e.g., AMNH 147500, FMNH 65799) are distinctively large porcupines (ca.
<quantity box="[852,951,1161,1184]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="900.0">900 mm</quantity>
total length) with tails that are almost as long as the combined length of head­and­body; the visible dorsal pelage consists entirely of bicolored (blacktipped) quills, of which those over the forequarters are conspicuously longer than those over the lower back and rump. By contrast,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1899" box="[699,830,1367,1390]" class="Mammalia" family="Erethizontidae" genus="Coendou" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quichua">
<emphasis box="[699,830,1367,1390]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">C. quichua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is much smaller (ca.
<quantity box="[1093,1192,1366,1389]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="600.0">600 mm</quantity>
or less) with a proportionately much shorter tail (approximately half the length of head­andbody) and tricolored (pale­tipped) dorsal quills that are not conspicuously longer over the forequarters than on the lower back and rump. Cranially,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1899" box="[909,1003,1543,1566]" class="Mammalia" family="Erethizontidae" genus="Coendou" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quichua">
<emphasis box="[909,1003,1543,1566]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">quichua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a proportionately narrower rostrum than
<taxonomicName box="[1041,1125,1572,1595]" class="Mammalia" family="Erethizontidae" genus="Coendou" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis box="[1041,1125,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, smaller orbits, less expanded jugals, and less inflated frontal sinuses. Other relevant morphological comparisons will be provided in an upcoming generic revision (Voss, in prep.), but the characters given here together with other traits mentioned by
<bibRefCitation author="Emmons, L. H." box="[363,553,193,216]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref22285" refString="Emmons, L. H. 1990. Neotropical rainforest mammals: a field guide. Chicago: University of Chicago Press." type="book" year="1990">Emmons (1990)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation author="Alberico, M. &amp; V. Rojas-Diaz &amp; J. G. Moreno" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="595 - 612" refId="ref21101" refString="Alberico, M., V. Rojas-Diaz, and J. G. Moreno. 1999. Aporte sobre la taxonomia y distribucion de los puercoespines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) en Colombia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas, y Naturales 23 (supplemento especial): 595 - 612." type="journal article" year="1999">Alberico et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
are sufficient for unambiguous identifications of these dissimilar taxa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="34.[124,653,193,480]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
REMARKS: The original specimen tag of NHRS A58/2822 notes that the animal was found in the underbrush.
<bibRefCitation author="Lonnberg, E." box="[455,653,369,392]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref23677" refString="Lonnberg, E. 1913. Mammals from Ecuador and related forms. Arkiv for Zoologi 8 (16): 1 - 36, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1913">Lönnberg (1913)</bibRefCitation>
originally reported this material as having been collected above Tumbaco, without mentioning the actual collecting site (Tablón).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="34.[180,597,523,575]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName authority="(Stolzmann)" baseAuthorityName="Stolzmann" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Mammalia" family="Cuniculidae" genus="Cuniculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskii" subGenus="Stictomys">
<emphasis box="[180,298,523,546]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Cuniculus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis box="[317,428,523,546]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Stictomys</emphasis>
)
<emphasis box="[447,597,523,546]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">taczanowskii</emphasis>
(Stolzmann)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="34.[124,653,603,1330]" box="[153,502,603,626]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">SPECIMENS COLLECTED: None.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="34.[124,653,603,1330]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">OTHER MATERIAL: A single specimen that I have not examined (QCAZ 954) was collected in the páramo near Paso de Guamaní by G. Onore in 1993 (D. Tirira, personal commun.).</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="34.[124,653,603,1330]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
TAXONOMY: The mountain paca is morphologically distinctive (
<bibRefCitation author="Thomas, O." box="[420,592,809,832]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="237 - 238" refId="ref25484" refString="Thomas, O. 1924. Some notes on pacas. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 9 (13): 237 - 238." type="journal article" year="1924">Thomas, 1924</bibRefCitation>
) and was formerly distinguished generically (as
<emphasis box="[124,235,868,891]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Stictomys</emphasis>
) from the lowland paca (
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Cuniculidae" genus="Cuniculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Cuniculus paca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Although only a single species of mountain paca is currently recognized, no critical analysis of morphological or molecular data is currently available to test the hypothesis that
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Stolzmann" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[283,470,1014,1037]" class="Mammalia" family="Cuniculidae" genus="Cuniculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskii">
<emphasis box="[283,470,1014,1037]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C. taczanowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from
<collectingCountry box="[556,653,1014,1037]" name="Ecuador" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry box="[177,232,1043,1066]" name="Peru" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Peru</collectingCountry>
) is actually conspecific with populations from
<collectingCountry box="[288,408,1073,1096]" name="Venezuela" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry box="[480,595,1073,1096]" name="Colombia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Colombia</collectingCountry>
that were formerly known as
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[426,545,1102,1125]" class="Mammalia" family="Cuniculidae" genus="Cuniculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sierrae">
<emphasis box="[426,545,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C. sierrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., by
<bibRefCitation author="Thomas, O." box="[124,299,1131,1154]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="584 - 591" refId="ref25254" refString="Thomas, O. 1905. New Neotropical Molossus, Conepatus, Nectomys, Proechimys, and Agouti, with a note on the genus Mesomys. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7 (15): 584 - 591." type="journal article" year="1905">Thomas, 1905</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Krumbiegel, V. I." box="[316,537,1131,1154]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="223 - 238" refId="ref23428" refString="Krumbiegel, V. I. 1940. Die Saugetiere der Sudamerika-Expeditionen Prof. Dr. Kriegs. 7. Pakas. Zoologische Anzeiger 132: 223 - 238." type="journal article" year="1940">Krumbiegel, 1940</bibRefCitation>
). The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1998) recently ruled that
<taxonomicName authority="Brisson, 1762" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" box="[124,419,1219,1243]" class="Mammalia" family="Cuniculidae" genus="Cuniculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[124,242,1220,1243]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Cuniculus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="M. J. Brisson" box="[252,419,1219,1242]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="64 - 71" refId="ref23181" refString="ICZN. 1998. Opinion 1894 [of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature]. Regnum animale..., ed. 2 (M. J. Brisson, 1762): rejected for nomenclatural purposes, with the conservation of the mammalian generic names Philander (Marsupialia), Pteropus (Chiroptera), Glis, Cuniculus, and Hydrochoerus (Rodentia), Meles, Lutra and Hyaena (Carnivora), Tapirus (Perissodactyla), Tragulus and Giraffa (Artiodactyla). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 55: 64 - 71." type="journal article" year="1762">Brisson, 1762</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, is the oldest available name for pacas, previously referred by most American authors to
<taxonomicName authority="Lacepede, 1799" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1799" class="Mammalia" family="Cuniculidae" genus="Agouti" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[446,524,1278,1301]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Agouti</emphasis>
Lacépède, 1799
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>