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<mods:title id="221A9BF019B386F24D7610F59B8E5B67">Small island but great diversity: thirty six species of Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), including sixteen new species, on Réunion (Mascarenes), with additional data from the Western Indian Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DCE29331A4849E0C619B215ED5394E3F">Masson, Didier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="90F80D85106DA5F1E2685A422079C6E0">Vertevoye, 2860 route d’Irieu, F- 40390 Saint-Martin-de-Seignanx, France di. masson @ wanadoo. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3340 - 5472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BFD7028DA634473F4250E90F284DC2BB">Magain, Nicolas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="933AD548DEE4A9B36446A678F033AE5B">Evolution and Conservation Biology, InBios research centre, Sart Tilman B 22, Quartier Vallée 1, Chemin de la vallée 4, B- 4000 Liège, Belgium nicolas. magain @ uliege. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5409 - 9518</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FF1AFAAEFE5CFAA7" bold="true" box="[136,451,1321,1348]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Parmotrema meiospermum</emphasis>
(Hue) D.M. Masson &amp; Sérus.
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, 
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MycoBank no. 853882
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<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA02F52FF1AFAD5FD78FA83" authority="Hue (1899: 185) MycoBank" authorityName="Hue" authorityYear="1899" box="[136,743,1361,1383]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" form="meiosperma" genus="Parmelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="form" species="internexa">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FF1AFAD5FEDDFA83" box="[136,322,1361,1383]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Parmelia internexa</emphasis>
f. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FECEFAD6FE4EFA83" box="[348,465,1362,1383]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">meiosperma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA02F52FE45FAD6FDE9FA83" author="Hue, A. M." box="[471,630,1361,1383]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="27 - 220" refId="ref123230" refString="Hue, A. M. (1899) Lichenes extra-europaei a pluribus collectoribus ad Museum Parisiense missi (Suite). Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris, 4 eme serie, 1: 27 - 220." type="journal article" year="1899">Hue (1899: 185)</bibRefCitation>
MycoBank
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no. 459067
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<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FF1AFAF1FF25FA6E" bold="true" box="[136,186,1397,1418]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Type</emphasis>
:— 
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. 
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<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFFA02F52FEF1FAF1FE27FA6F" box="[355,440,1397,1419]" country="France" name="Reunion" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Réunion</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B88AD22FFA02F52FE53FAF1FD98FA6F" box="[449,519,1397,1419]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Mafate</collectingMunicipality>
, 1889, 
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frère 
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s.n.
</emphasis>
(MNHN-PC-PC0728355!, 
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designated by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA02F52FB6FFAF1FAFAFA6F" author="Hale, M. E." box="[1277,1381,1397,1419]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref122694" refString="Hale, M. E. (1976) A monograph of the lichen genus Pseudoparmelia Lynge (Parmeliaceae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 31: 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1976">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA02F52FB6FFAF1FAB5FA6F" box="[1277,1322,1397,1419]" genus="Hale" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
1976
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
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<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA02F52FF1AFA1EFC1BFA4B" blockId="56.[136,1392,1321,1528]" box="[136,900,1433,1455]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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≡ 
<treatmentCitation id="0AF21149FFA02F52FF0EFA1DFC8DFA4B" author="Dodge, C. W." box="[156,786,1433,1455]" page=")" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" year="1959">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA02F52FF0EFA1DFC8DFA4B" authority="(Hue) C. W. Dodge (1959: 139) MycoBank" authorityName="C. W. Dodge" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Hue" box="[156,786,1433,1455]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="meiosperma">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FF0EFA1DFEEFFA4B" box="[156,368,1433,1455]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Parmelia meiosperma</emphasis>
(Hue) C.W. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA02F52FE79FA1DFD3EFA4A" author="Dodge, C. W." box="[491,673,1433,1455]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="39 - 193" refId="ref120071" refString="Dodge, C. W. (1959) Some lichens of Tropical Africa III. Parmeliaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 46 (1 - 2): 39 - 193." type="journal article" year="1959">Dodge (1959: 139)</bibRefCitation>
MycoBank
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no. 368689
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<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA02F52FF1AFA3AFC16FA36" blockId="56.[136,1392,1321,1528]" box="[136,905,1469,1491]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB431076FFA02F52FF1AFA3AFC16FA36" box="[136,905,1469,1491]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
≡ 
<treatmentCitation id="0AF21149FFA02F52FF0EFA39FC87FA37" author="Hale, M. E." box="[156,792,1469,1491]" page=")" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" year="1974">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA02F52FF0EFA39FC87FA37" authority="(Hue) Hale (1974 c: 190) MycoBank" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Hue" box="[156,792,1469,1491]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Pseudoparmelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="meiosperma">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FF0EFA39FE2BFA37" box="[156,436,1469,1491]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Pseudoparmelia meiosperma</emphasis>
(Hue) 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA02F52FE6AFA39FD38FA36" author="Hale, M. E." box="[504,679,1469,1491]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="188 - 191" refId="ref122668" refString="Hale, M. E. (1974 c) New combinations in the lichen genus Pseudoparmelia Lynge. Phytologia 29: 188 - 191." type="journal article" year="1974">Hale (1974c: 190)</bibRefCitation>
MycoBank
</taxonomicName>
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no. 343414
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA02F52FF1AFA59FF75FA1C" blockId="56.[136,1392,1321,1528]" box="[136,234,1501,1528]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
(
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFA02F52FF02FA59FF7DFA1C" box="[144,226,1501,1528]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="57.[136,229,1048,1070]" captionTargetBox="[165,1434,194,1021]" captionTargetId="figure-18@57.[150,1435,193,1024]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 23. Parmotrema meiospermum. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4648); D: Apothecia with coralloid-isidiate margin (holotype). Scale bars: A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217520/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34964D3FFA02F53FF1AF9A1FBDEF98B" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA02F52FF1AF9A1FE02F7F7" blockId="56.[136,1452,1573,2068]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FF1AF9A1FF43F9DB" box="[136,220,1573,1599]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Thallus</emphasis>
foliose, moderately adnate, membranaceous, up to 10 × 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA02F52FCDDF9A2FC08F9A4" box="[847,919,1574,1600]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FC32F9A1FC7CF9DB" box="[928,995,1573,1599]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Lobes</emphasis>
irregular, imbricate, 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA02F52FB5EF9A2FAB7F9A4" box="[1228,1320,1574,1600]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="2.0">2–9 mm</quantity>
wide, often irregularly wrinkled, with margins ± sinuate, entire to dentate, frequently lobulate, eciliate (
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFA02F52FB1DF9CDFB69F980" box="[1167,1270,1609,1636]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="57.[136,229,1048,1070]" captionTargetBox="[165,1434,194,1021]" captionTargetId="figure-18@57.[150,1435,193,1024]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 23. Parmotrema meiospermum. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4648); D: Apothecia with coralloid-isidiate margin (holotype). Scale bars: A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217520/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 23C</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FA98F9CEFA34F980" box="[1290,1451,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Upper surface</emphasis>
greenish grey, pale or ± darkened, usually somewhat shiny, faintly to clearly punctiform white-maculate, smooth to rugose, sometimes slightly scrobiculate, often cracked in older parts, isidiate, lacking schizidia, pustules, dactyls, soralia. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FF76F931FEBBF92B" box="[228,292,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Isidia</emphasis>
sparse to dense, at times obscuring the thallus surface, marginal and laminal, mostly on the central lobes (
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFA02F52FF47F95DFEA1F910" box="[213,318,1753,1780]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="57.[136,229,1048,1070]" captionTargetBox="[165,1434,194,1021]" captionTargetId="figure-18@57.[150,1435,193,1024]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 23. Parmotrema meiospermum. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4648); D: Apothecia with coralloid-isidiate margin (holotype). Scale bars: A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217520/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 23C</figureCitation>
), eciliate, coralloid-branched, rarely inflated or lobulate, apices concolor or brownish, up to 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA02F52FAFAF95EFA33F910" box="[1384,1452,1754,1780]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
high. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FF5AF979FEBEF8F3" box="[200,289,1789,1815]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Lobules</emphasis>
frequent, marginal, isidiate or not, up to 5 × 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA02F52FC8CF979FCFDF8FC" box="[798,866,1789,1816]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FCFCF979FC54F8F3" box="[878,971,1789,1815]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Medulla</emphasis>
white throughout. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FB30F97AFADCF8FC" box="[1186,1347,1790,1816]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Lower surface</emphasis>
rugulose or granulate, sometimes reticulate near lobe tips, ± shiny, black to the margin, or with a buff, ivory, or chestnut brown erhizinate marginal zone (ca. 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA02F52FE4AF8C2FDA8F884" box="[472,567,1862,1888]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 mm</quantity>
wide) at main lobe tips. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FCC1F8C1FC2DF8BB" box="[851,946,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Rhizines</emphasis>
in ± scattered clusters, when marginal some rhizines can be seen from above and thereby resemble cilia; concolor to the lower surface, simple, sometimes furcate, up to 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA02F52FF59F80AFE91F84C" box="[203,270,1934,1960]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FEC5F809FE56F843" box="[343,457,1933,1959]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Apothecia</emphasis>
found on the 
<typeStatus id="54E889FAFFA02F52FDF9F809FD4FF843" box="[619,720,1933,1959]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, up to 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA02F52FCB2F809FCFCF84C" box="[800,867,1933,1960]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
in diameter, disc imperforate, margin crenate, very early coralloid-isidiate (
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFA02F52FE04F835FD9FF828" box="[406,512,1969,1996]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="57.[136,229,1048,1070]" captionTargetBox="[165,1434,194,1021]" captionTargetId="figure-18@57.[150,1435,193,1024]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 23. Parmotrema meiospermum. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4648); D: Apothecia with coralloid-isidiate margin (holotype). Scale bars: A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217520/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 23D</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FD87F836FD0BF828" box="[533,660,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Ascospores</emphasis>
19.5– 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FD49F836FC93F828" box="[731,780,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">22.4</emphasis>
–25 × 10– 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FC12F836FC30F828" box="[896,943,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">11.2</emphasis>
–12 µm, Q = 1.75– 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FB18F836FB24F828" box="[1162,1211,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">2.01</emphasis>
–2.27(2.30), epispore (1.5)– 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FF5EF852FF70F814" box="[204,239,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">2.0</emphasis>
–(2.5) µm thick, n = 30, from 1 thallus. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FD26F851FC87F80B" box="[692,792,2005,2031]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Pycnidia</emphasis>
rare, submarginal towards the lobe apices; only primordia seen. 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA02F52FF5AF87DFEBDF7F7" box="[200,290,2041,2067]" class="Arthoniomycetes" family="Arthoniaceae" genus="Conidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Arthoniales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA02F52FF5AF87DFEBDF7F7" box="[200,290,2041,2067]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Conidia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
not found.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2C67D0FFA12F53FF1AFB9CFEBCFB7E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217520" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217520/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" startId="57.[136,229,1048,1070]" targetBox="[165,1434,194,1021]" targetPageId="57" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA12F53FF1AFB9CFEBCFB7E" blockId="57.[136,1452,1048,1178]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FF1AFB9CFE93FBCA" bold="true" box="[136,268,1048,1070]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">FIGURE 23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA12F53FE87FB9DFD81FBCA" box="[277,542,1049,1070]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="meiospermum">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FE87FB9DFD81FBCA" box="[277,542,1049,1070]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Parmotrema meiospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FDBFFB9CFDA1FBC9" bold="true" box="[557,574,1048,1069]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">A</emphasis>
: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FBFEFB9DFBE3FBCA" bold="true" box="[1132,1148,1049,1070]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">B</emphasis>
: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA12F53FBA6FBB8FA1EFBB6" author="Rivas-Martinez, S. &amp; Rivas-Saenz, S. &amp; Penas, A." box="[1076,1409,1084,1106]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 634" refId="ref129604" refString="Rivas-Martinez, S., Rivas-Saenz, S. &amp; Penas, A. (2011) Worldwide bioclimatic classification system. Global Geobotany 1: 1 - 634 + 4 maps." type="book chapter" year="2011">
Rivas-Martínez 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FB42FBB9FB65FBB5" box="[1232,1274,1084,1106]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al</emphasis>
. 2011: 17–18
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FA01FBB8FA3BFBB6" bold="true" box="[1427,1444,1084,1106]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">C</emphasis>
: Gross morphology of thallus (
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FE39FBE5FDC9FB91" box="[427,598,1120,1142]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Masson 974.4648</emphasis>
); 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FDF9FBE5FDE3FB92" bold="true" box="[619,636,1121,1142]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">D</emphasis>
: Apothecia with coralloid-isidiate margin (holotype). Scale bars: A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 4 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA12F53FF2FFB4CFD8CFACF" blockId="57.[136,1452,1224,2080]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FF2FFB4CFEA4FB06" bold="true" box="[189,315,1224,1250]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Chemistry</emphasis>
:— 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FECDFB4DFD10FB07" box="[351,655,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Spot tests and fluorescence</emphasis>
: upper cortex K+ yellow, UV−; medulla K−, C+ and KC+ rose to red, P−, UV−. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FF6CFB69FE62FAE3" box="[254,509,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Secondary metabolites</emphasis>
(TLC): upper cortex with atranorin and chloroatranorin; medulla with evernic acid (major) and lecanoric acid (minor).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA12F53FF2FFAB0FEDAFA3B" blockId="57.[136,1452,1224,2080]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FF2FFAB0FE6AFAAA" bold="true" box="[189,501,1332,1358]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
:— 
<materialsCitation id="3B3B3D05FFA12F53FD85FAB1FEDFFA3B" collectorName="de Mafate &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Since" country="Réunion" county="Cirque de Mafate" elevation="1370" location="So" municipality="The" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<location id="8E8C6183FFA12F53FD85FAB1FDAAFAAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFFA02F50FF1AFAAEFBC1FD8C:8E8C6183FFA12F53FD85FAB1FDAAFAAB" box="[535,565,1333,1359]" country="Réunion" county="Cirque de Mafate" municipality="The" name="So" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">So</location>
far only known with certainty from 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFA12F53FC41FAB1FBADFAAB" box="[979,1074,1333,1359]" name="Réunion" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Réunion</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFA12F53FBF8FAB1FB45FAAB" box="[1130,1242,1333,1359]" name="Mauritius" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
, where it seems to be rare. 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B88AD22FFA12F53FF74FADDFE8DFA97" box="[230,274,1369,1395]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">The</collectingMunicipality>
first collection (
<typeStatus id="54E889FAFFA12F53FE42FADDFDA5FA97" box="[464,570,1369,1395]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
) was made in Réunion in the 
<collectingCounty id="628D4FD4FFA12F53FC07FADDFBC2FA97" box="[917,1117,1369,1395]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
Cirque 
<collectorName id="26A6528EFFA12F53FC78FADDFBC2FA97" box="[1002,1117,1369,1395]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">de Mafate</collectorName>
</collectingCounty>
by frère 
<collectorName id="26A6528EFFA12F53FB5BFADDFAA1FA97" box="[1225,1342,1369,1395]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Rodriguez</collectorName>
(= Émile Athanase Marquet) in 1889. 
<collectorName id="26A6528EFFA12F53FE42FAF9FD91FA73" box="[464,526,1405,1431]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Since</collectorName>
then, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA12F53FDC4FAFAFC16FA73" box="[598,905,1406,1431]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="meiospermum">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FDC4FAFAFC16FA73" box="[598,905,1406,1431]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Parmotrema meiospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only been found on this island at two other localities in two UTM 1× 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA12F53FE3BFA25FE7FFA5F" box="[425,480,1441,1467]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
grid cells (or two UTM 2× 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA12F53FC80FA25FCD3FA5F" box="[786,844,1441,1467]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
grid cells, 
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFA12F53FC5BFA25FBAFFA5F" box="[969,1072,1441,1467]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="57.[136,229,1048,1070]" captionTargetBox="[165,1434,194,1021]" captionTargetId="figure-18@57.[150,1435,193,1024]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 23. Parmotrema meiospermum. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4648); D: Apothecia with coralloid-isidiate margin (holotype). Scale bars: A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217520/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 23A</figureCitation>
), at two very different elevations: 120 and 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA12F53FF7AFA41FEDFFA3B" box="[232,320,1477,1503]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="1370.0">
<elevation id="007ED06BFFA12F53FF7AFA41FEDFFA3B" box="[232,320,1477,1503]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="1370.0">1370 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA12F53FF2FFA6DFBDEF98B" blockId="57.[136,1452,1224,2080]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA12F53FF2FFA6DFEC1F9E0" author="Dodge, C. W." box="[189,350,1513,1540]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="39 - 193" refId="ref120071" refString="Dodge, C. W. (1959) Some lichens of Tropical Africa III. Parmeliaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 46 (1 - 2): 39 - 193." type="journal article" year="1959">Dodge (1959)</bibRefCitation>
reported the species from 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFA12F53FD33FA6DFC91F9E7" box="[673,782,1513,1539]" name="Mauritius" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFFA12F53FCDCFA6DFC5EF9E7" box="[846,961,1513,1539]" country="Mauritius" name="Rodrigues" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Rodrigues</collectingRegion>
in the Mascarenes, 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFA12F53FB21FA6DFAA3F9E7" box="[1203,1340,1513,1539]" name="Madagascar" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFFA12F53FAD9FA6DFA34F9E7" box="[1355,1451,1513,1539]" country="Comoros" name="Anjouan" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Anjouan</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFA12F53FF02F989FF65F9C3" box="[144,250,1549,1575]" name="Comoros" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Comoros</collectingCountry>
) and 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFA12F53FEADF989FE38F9C3" box="[319,423,1549,1575]" name="Tanzania" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
. However, there are some doubts about these records, at least part of the cited material belongs to the widespread 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA12F53FE25F9B6FC86F9AF" authority="(Hale 1965 a: 262)" baseAuthorityName="Hale" baseAuthorityPageNumber="262" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[439,793,1585,1612]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="tinctorum">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FE25F9B6FDDFF9AF" box="[439,576,1586,1611]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">P. tinctorum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA12F53FDC2F9B5FC8DF9AF" author="Hale, M. E." box="[592,786,1585,1612]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="193 - 358" refId="ref122458" refString="Hale, M. E. (1965 a) A monograph of Parmelia subgenus Amphigymnia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 36: 193 - 358." type="journal article" year="1965">Hale 1965a: 262</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Nevertheless, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA12F53FC57F9B6FBE1F9AF" box="[965,1150,1586,1611]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="meiospermum">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FC57F9B6FBE1F9AF" box="[965,1150,1586,1611]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">P. meiospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is present in 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFA12F53FA8AF9B5FA17F9AF" box="[1304,1416,1585,1611]" name="Mauritius" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
, as attested to by a specimen collected by Krog and Timdal in 1991 which we examined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34964D3FFA12F50FF2FF9FDFBC1FD8C" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA12F53FF2FF9FDFE6AF857" blockId="57.[136,1452,1224,2080]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FF2FF9FDFE83F977" bold="true" box="[189,284,1657,1683]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ecology</emphasis>
:— 
<materialsCitation id="3B3B3D05FFA12F53FEACF9FDFE6FF857" country="Mauritius" county="In" elevation="600" location="Reunionese" municipality="In" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
The 
<typeStatus id="54E889FAFFA12F53FEE3F9FDFE47F977" box="[369,472,1657,1683]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
was most probably saxicolous, but the recent 
<location id="8E8C6183FFA12F53FC40F9FDFBCAF977" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFFA02F50FF1AFAAEFBC1FD8C:8E8C6183FFA12F53FC40F9FDFBCAF977" box="[978,1109,1657,1683]" country="Mauritius" county="In" municipality="In" name="Reunionese" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Reunionese</location>
specimens were found on bark of a living tree and a dead shrub. 
<location id="8E8C6183FFA12F53FD95F919FD36F953" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFFA02F50FF1AFAAEFBC1FD8C:8E8C6183FFA12F53FD95F919FD36F953" box="[519,681,1693,1719]" country="Mauritius" county="In" municipality="In" name="The Mauritian" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">The Mauritian</location>
specimen was also corticolous. 
<location id="8E8C6183FFA12F53FB8AF919FBDBF953" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFFA02F50FF1AFAAEFBC1FD8C:8E8C6183FFA12F53FB8AF919FBDBF953" box="[1048,1092,1693,1719]" country="Mauritius" county="In" municipality="In" name="The" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">The</location>
ecology of the species is rather difficult to summarize, the only three recent known occurrences being quite dissimilar. 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B88AD22FFA12F53FBC5F945FBF1F93F" box="[1111,1134,1729,1755]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">In</collectingMunicipality>
Réunion, one is located in a disturbed lowland rainforest, under a pluvial tropical bioclimate with a lower thermotropical thermotype belt (It = 645) and a lower hyperhumid ombrotype belt (Io = 13.8); the other is located in a disturbed leeward montane rainforest, under a pluvial tropical bioclimate with a lower mesotropical thermotype belt (It = 407) and an upper humid ombrotype belt (Io = 9.9) (
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFA12F53FEA6F8D5FE04F88F" box="[308,411,1873,1899]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="57.[136,229,1048,1070]" captionTargetBox="[165,1434,194,1021]" captionTargetId="figure-18@57.[150,1435,193,1024]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 23. Parmotrema meiospermum. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4648); D: Apothecia with coralloid-isidiate margin (holotype). Scale bars: A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 4 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217520/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 23B</figureCitation>
). 
<collectingCounty id="628D4FD4FFA12F53FE3DF8D5FE59F88F" box="[431,454,1873,1899]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">In</collectingCounty>
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFA12F53FE5FF8D5FDA2F88F" box="[461,573,1873,1899]" name="Mauritius" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
, the site is located in a disturbed lowland rainforest, at 
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<elevation id="007ED06BFFA12F53FB3AF8D5FB70F88F" box="[1192,1263,1873,1899]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elevation. In the current state of knowledge, it seems difficult to reconcile the apparent rarity of this lichen with its ecological niche, which appears to be quite broad
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA12F50FF2FF839FE8FFEC0" blockId="57.[136,1452,1224,2080]" lastBlockId="58.[136,1452,158,617]" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FF2FF839FE9FF833" bold="true" box="[189,256,1981,2007]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Notes</emphasis>
:— 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA12F53FEB6F83AFDCAF833" box="[292,597,1982,2007]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="meiospermum">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FEB6F83AFDCAF833" box="[292,597,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Parmotrema meiospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only species of the genus whose medulla contains the orcinol depside evernic acid.Although placed in the subdivision 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA12F53FD0DF865FCA4F81F" baseAuthorityName="Hale" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[671,827,2017,2043]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Amphigymnia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FD0DF865FCA4F81F" box="[671,827,2017,2043]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Amphigymnia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA12F53FC58F865FBADF81F" authorityName="Acharius" authorityYear="1803" box="[970,1074,2017,2043]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA12F53FC58F865FBADF81F" box="[970,1074,2017,2043]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Parmelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA12F53FBCBF865FB48F81F" author="Hue, A. M." box="[1113,1239,2017,2043]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="27 - 220" refId="ref123230" refString="Hue, A. M. (1899) Lichenes extra-europaei a pluribus collectoribus ad Museum Parisiense missi (Suite). Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris, 4 eme serie, 1: 27 - 220." type="journal article" year="1899">Hue (1899)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA12F53FA98F865FA39F818" author="Dodge, C. W." box="[1290,1446,2017,2044]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="39 - 193" refId="ref120071" refString="Dodge, C. W. (1959) Some lichens of Tropical Africa III. Parmeliaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 46 (1 - 2): 39 - 193." type="journal article" year="1959">Dodge (1959)</bibRefCitation>
, this taxon was not treated in the Hale’s monograph (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA12F53FD46F781FCC5F7C4" author="Hale, M. E." box="[724,858,2053,2080]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="193 - 358" refId="ref122458" refString="Hale, M. E. (1965 a) A monograph of Parmelia subgenus Amphigymnia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 36: 193 - 358." type="journal article" year="1965">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA12F53FD46F781FC94F7FB" box="[724,779,2053,2079]" genus="Hale" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
1965a
</bibRefCitation>
), probably owing to its unusual medullary chemistry (
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA22F50FF02FF1AFF58FF5C" box="[144,199,158,184]" genus="Hale" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
examined the 
<typeStatus id="54E889FAFFA22F50FEE3FF1BFE3EFF5D" box="[369,417,159,185]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">type</typeStatus>
collection in 1962, according to the enclosed label). Later on, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA22F50FBE7FF1AFA95FF5C" author="Hale, M. E." box="[1141,1290,158,184]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="188 - 191" refId="ref122668" refString="Hale, M. E. (1974 c) New combinations in the lichen genus Pseudoparmelia Lynge. Phytologia 29: 188 - 191." type="journal article" year="1974">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA22F50FBE7FF1AFB35FF5C" box="[1141,1194,158,184]" genus="Hale" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
(1974c)
</bibRefCitation>
included it in 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA22F50FF1AFF46FE0FFF39" authority="Lynge" authorityName="Lynge" box="[136,400,194,221]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Pseudoparmelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA22F50FF1AFF46FEDFFF38" box="[136,320,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Pseudoparmelia</emphasis>
Lynge
</taxonomicName>
, but with some doubt (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA22F50FD00FF46FC93FF38" author="Hale, M. E." box="[658,780,194,220]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref122694" refString="Hale, M. E. (1976) A monograph of the lichen genus Pseudoparmelia Lynge (Parmeliaceae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 31: 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1976">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA22F50FD00FF46FD56FF38" box="[658,713,194,220]" genus="Hale" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
1976
</bibRefCitation>
). Finally, he synonymized it with 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA22F50FB1EFF46FDB9FEE4" authority="(Vain.) Hale (Hale &amp; DePriest 1999)" authorityName="Hale (Hale &amp; DePriest" authorityYear="1999" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Hypotrachyna" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="bogotensis">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA22F50FB1EFF46FA33FF38" box="[1164,1452,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Hypotrachyna bogotensis</emphasis>
(Vain.) Hale (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA22F50FEB2FF62FD81FEE4" author="Hale, B. W. &amp; DePriest, P. T." box="[288,542,230,256]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="462 - 544" refId="ref122322" refString="Hale, B. W. &amp; DePriest, P. T. (1999) Mason E. Hale's list of epithets in the Parmelioid genera. The Bryologist 102 (3): 462 - 544." type="journal article" year="1999">Hale &amp; DePriest 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, an American species that is also isidiate and shares the same extrolites (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFA22F50FAC6FF62FE9BFEC0" author="Sipman, H. J. M. &amp; Elix, J. A. &amp; Nash, T. H., III" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref130459" refString="Sipman, H. J. M., Elix, J. A. &amp; Nash, T. H., III (2009) Hypotrachyna (Parmeliaceae, Lichenized Fungi). Flora Neotropica Monograph 104: 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="2009">
Sipman 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA22F50FF1AFE8FFF26FEC0" box="[136,185,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA22F50FF2FFEAAFA87FE88" blockId="58.[136,1452,158,617]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
Our phylogenetic study, using a three loci data matrix, shows that this taxon does belong to the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA22F50FA8AFEABFA3AFEAC" box="[1304,1445,303,328]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA22F50FA8AFEABFA3AFEAC" box="[1304,1445,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Parmotrema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in which it forms a well supported clade, together with 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA22F50FD66FED7FC32FE88" box="[756,941,339,364]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mascarenense">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA22F50FD66FED7FC32FE88" box="[756,941,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">P. mascarenense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFA22F50FC71FED7FB28FE88" box="[995,1207,339,364]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="aurantioreagens">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA22F50FC71FED7FB28FE88" box="[995,1207,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">P. aurantioreagens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFA22F50FB54FED6FA94FE88" box="[1222,1291,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="16.[136,229,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[210,1381,204,1846]" captionTargetId="figure-20@16.[197,1389,191,1850]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogeny of the Parmotrema species studied. Best ML tree resulted from a RaxML analysis of three loci (EF1-α, ITS, mtSSU) and 102 specimens. Punctelia toxodes was selected as the outgroup. Bootstrap values are represented above the branches, and thick branches have bootstrap support value ≥ 70. Results of the species delimitation analyses are summarized to the right of the terminal labels of the tree. The first column corresponds to the results of the Stacey analysis, while the second column corresponds to the results of the bPP analysis. Specimens attributed the same colour were reconstructed as part of the same putative species by the species delimitation analysis. Major medullary extrolites are also shown for each specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217480/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA22F50FF2FFEF2FB63FDC4" blockId="58.[136,1452,158,617]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA22F50FF2FFEF2FE2BFE74" bold="true" box="[189,436,374,400]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Specimens examined</emphasis>
:— 
<materialsCitation id="3B3B3D05FFA22F50FE44FEF2FB67FDC4" collectingDate="2015-08-15" collectingDateMax="2015-08-18" collectingDateMin="2015-08-15" collectorName="le Bonnet Carre, GR &amp; D. Masson" country="France" elevation="1370" latitude="-21.368889" location="Cilaos" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="55.7075" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Reunion">
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFA22F50FE44FEF2FDD4FE74" box="[470,587,374,400]" name="France" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFFA22F50FDC6FEF2FD28FE74" box="[596,695,374,400]" country="France" name="Reunion" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Réunion</collectingRegion>
: 
<location id="8E8C6183FFA22F50FD53FEF2FC94FE74" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFFA02F50FF1AFAAEFBC1FD8C:8E8C6183FFA22F50FD53FEF2FC94FE74" box="[705,779,374,400]" country="France" latitude="-21.368889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="55.7075" name="Cilaos" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Reunion">Cilaos</location>
, southern side of 
<collectorName id="26A6528EFFA22F50FC5EFEF2FB2FFE74" box="[972,1200,374,401]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">le Bonnet Carré, GR</collectorName>
R1 trail, elev. 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA22F50FAC2FEF2FA38FE75" box="[1360,1447,374,401]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1370.0">
<elevation id="007ED06BFFA22F50FAC2FEF2FA38FE75" box="[1360,1447,374,401]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1370.0">1370 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFA22F50FF1AFE1EFE91FE50" box="[136,270,410,436]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-21.126667">21°07’36”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFA22F50FE89FE1EFE3CFE51" box="[283,419,410,437]" degrees="55" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="15" seconds="04" value="55.467777">55°28’04”E</geoCoordinate>
, in disturbed leeward montane rainforest, in an overall S orientation, on bark of the trunk of an undetermined dead shrub, 
<date id="FFED1198FFA22F50FE5CFE3AFD1FFE3D" box="[462,640,446,473]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2015-08-18">
<collectingDate id="EFA9E870FFA22F50FE5CFE3AFD1FFE3D" box="[462,640,446,473]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2015-08-18">18 August 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA22F50FD18FE3BFCEFFE3C" box="[650,880,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="26A6528EFFA22F50FD18FE3BFC9DFE3C" box="[650,770,447,472]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">D. Masson</collectorName>
974.4717
</emphasis>
(LG); Saint-Philippe, Basse Vallée, route forestière 36, elev. 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA22F50FF7EFE66FEABFE19" box="[236,308,482,509]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation id="007ED06BFFA22F50FF7EFE66FEABFE19" box="[236,308,482,509]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFA22F50FEADFE66FE5AFE18" box="[319,453,482,508]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-21.368889">21°22’08”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFA22F50FE43FE66FDC6FE19" box="[465,601,482,509]" degrees="55" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" precision="15" seconds="27" value="55.7075">55°42’27”E</geoCoordinate>
, on the edge of a road through a disturbed lowland rainforest, in an overall S orientation, on bark of the trunk of an undetermined tree, 
<date id="FFED1198FFA22F50FC9FFD82FC5DFDC5" box="[781,962,518,545]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2015-08-15">
<collectingDate id="EFA9E870FFA22F50FC9FFD82FC5DFDC5" box="[781,962,518,545]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2015-08-15">15 August 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA22F50FC5FFD83FB29FDC4" box="[973,1206,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="26A6528EFFA22F50FC5FFD83FBD9FDC4" box="[973,1094,519,544]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">D. Masson</collectorName>
974.4648
</emphasis>
(LG)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFA22F50FF2FFDAEFBC1FD8C" blockId="58.[136,1452,158,617]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<materialsCitation id="3B3B3D05FFA22F50FF2FFDAEFACFFDA0" box="[189,1360,554,580]" collectorName="Piton de la Petite" country="Mauritius" location="Black River District" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Black River">
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFA22F50FF2FFDAEFEC3FDA0" box="[189,348,554,580]" name="Mauritius" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">MAURITIUS</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFFA22F50FEFBFDAEFDCCFDA0" box="[361,595,554,580]" country="Mauritius" name="Black River" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Black River District</collectingRegion>
: along the path from Plaine Champagne towards 
<collectorName id="26A6528EFFA22F50FB19FDAEFACFFDA0" box="[1163,1360,554,580]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Piton de la Petite</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B3B3D05FFA22F50FACBFDAEFBC4FD8C" collectingDate="1991-11-05" collectorName="H. Krog &amp; E. Timdal" country="Mauritius" elevation="600" location="Riviere Noire" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Black River">
<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFFA22F50FACBFDAEFF54FD8C" country="Mauritius" name="Black River" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Rivière Noire</collectingRegion>
, elev. 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFA22F50FE83FDCAFEC5FD8D" box="[273,346,590,617]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="600.0">
<elevation id="007ED06BFFA22F50FE83FDCAFEC5FD8D" box="[273,346,590,617]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, corticolous, 
<date id="FFED1198FFA22F50FE62FDCAFD55FD8C" box="[496,714,590,617]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1991-11-05">
<collectingDate id="EFA9E870FFA22F50FE62FDCAFD55FD8C" box="[496,714,590,617]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1991-11-05">05 November 1991</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFA22F50FD44FDCBFC5DFD8C" box="[726,962,590,617]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<collectorName id="26A6528EFFA22F50FD44FDCBFCAEFD8C" box="[726,817,591,616]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">H. Krog</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26A6528EFFA22F50FCC7FDCBFC5DFD8C" box="[853,962,590,616]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">E. Timdal</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(O L-21226)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>