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<mods:title id="A4B3BF13E61041925CC13CDF00FBEE32">A new classification of the tribe Hygrotini Portevin, 1929 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039C87CE0F20FF85FF1F66A1C8D15585" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6026845" ID-GBIF-Taxon="133183480" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6026845" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039C87CE0F20FF85FF1F66A1C8D15585" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039C87CE0F20FF85FF1F66A1C8D15585" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="503" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">
<subSubSection id="C32F65530F20FF82FF1F66A1CC13549A" box="[151,1059,1472,1498]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F20FF82FF1F66A1CC13549A" blockId="3.[151,1059,1472,1498]" box="[151,1059,1472,1498]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">
<heading id="D0C281B40F20FF82FF1F66A1CC13549A" bold="true" box="[151,1059,1472,1498]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" reason="1">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2511F60F20FF82FF1F66A1CC13549A" box="[151,1059,1472,1498]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F20FF82FF1F66A1CC13549A" bold="true" box="[151,1059,1472,1498]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">
Tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FF6A66A1CA66549A" ID-CoL="KWH" authority="Portevin, 1929: 180" authorityName="Portevin" authorityPageNumber="180" authorityYear="1929" box="[226,598,1472,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hygrotini">
Hygrotini
<treatmentCitation id="0A9410C90F20FF82FEEB66A1CA66549A" author="Portevin" box="[355,598,1472,1498]" page="180" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B290F20FF82FEEB66A1CA2C549A" author="Portevin" box="[355,540,1472,1498]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" refString="Portevin, G. (1929) Histoire naturelle des coleopteres de France. Vol. 1. Adephaga - Polyphaga: Staphylinoidea. Encyclopedie Entomologique (A) vol. 12. Paris: Paul Lechevalier, 649 pp., 4 pls." type="book" year="1929">Portevin, 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 180
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, as tribe of subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FCE366A1CC2E549A" box="[875,1054,1472,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hydroporinae">Hydroporinae</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32F65530F20FF82FF1F6567CA79575C" box="[151,585,1542,1565]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F20FF82FF1F6567CA79575C" blockId="3.[151,585,1542,1565]" box="[151,585,1542,1565]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F20FF82FF1F6567C920575C" bold="true" box="[151,272,1542,1564]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">Type genus</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FE956569CA75575C" authority="Stephens, 1828: 38" authorityName="sensu Stephens" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="1828" box="[285,581,1542,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Hygrotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F20FF82FE956569C94A575D" box="[285,378,1544,1565]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">Hygrotus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B290F20FF82FE096567CA2F575C" author="Stephens" box="[385,543,1542,1564]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" refString="Stephens, J. F. (1828 - 1829) Illustrations of British entomology. Mandibulata. Vol. 2. Baldwin &amp; Cradock, London, 200 pp. [pp. 1 - 112 in 1828, pp. 113 - 200 in 1829]" type="book chapter" year="1828">Stephens, 1828</bibRefCitation>
: 38
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32F65530F20FF85FF1F6528C8D15585" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="503" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F20FF82FF1F6528C92157C6" blockId="3.[151,1436,1609,1670]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F20FF82FF1F6528C9215722" bold="true" box="[151,273,1609,1634]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Within
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FEE76528CA3E5722" box="[367,526,1609,1634]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hydroporinae">Hydroporinae</taxonomicName>
, species of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FD1C6528CB315722" authorityName="Portevin" authorityYear="1929" box="[660,769,1609,1634]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hygrotini">Hygrotini</taxonomicName>
are usually characterised by the following combination of characters:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F20FF82FF1F65D7CB3757B2" blockId="3.[151,1436,1717,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">
- metepisternum (metepiventrite in
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B290F20FF82FDCC65D4CB65578E" author="Miller" box="[580,853,1717,1742]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" refString="Miller, K. B. &amp; Bergsten, J. (2016) Diving beetles of the world: Systematics and biology of the Dytiscidae. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, ix + 320 pp." type="book" year="2016">Miller &amp; Bergsten 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 139) reaching mesocoXal cavities, not separated by mesepimeron (in contrast to members of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FD1F65B8CACC57B2" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1880" box="[663,764,1753,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Vatellini">Vatellini</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F20FF82FF1F659FCCC55656" blockId="3.[151,1436,1717,2030]" box="[151,1269,1789,1814]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">
- apices of elytra and last abdominal ventrite not acuminate (in contrast to members of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FB0C659CCCDA5656" authorityName="Branden" authorityYear="1885" box="[1156,1258,1789,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Methlini">Methlini</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F20FF82FF1F6443CDB2567A" blockId="3.[151,1436,1717,2030]" box="[151,1410,1825,1850]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">
- prosternal process elongate with apeX narrowly pointed or rounded (in contrast to members of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FB626440CD46567A" box="[1258,1398,1825,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hydrovatini">Hydrovatini</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F20FF82FF1F6427CA9D56C2" blockId="3.[151,1436,1717,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">
- dorsal (anterior) margin of metafemur separated from metacoXal lobe by metatrochanter (in contrast to members of Laccornellini and
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FDAB6408CA9256C2" authorityName="Wolfe &amp; Roughley" authorityYear="1990" box="[547,674,1897,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Laccornini">Laccornini</taxonomicName>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F20FF82FF1F64EFCC9E56AE" blockId="3.[151,1436,1717,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">
- humeral portion of epipleuron with oblique carina delimiting genicular fossa (character shared with members of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FF6464D0C946568A" box="[236,374,1969,1994]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hydrovatini">Hydrovatini</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FE0B64D0CA34568A" box="[387,516,1969,1994]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyphydrini">Hyphydrini</taxonomicName>
and genus
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FD0264D0CBF0568A" authority="Bameul, 1989" authorityName="Bameul" authorityYear="1989" box="[650,960,1969,1994]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Rhithrodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F20FF82FD0264D0CB28568A" box="[650,792,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">Rhithrodytes</emphasis>
Bameul,
<quantity id="4CCD9B3D0F20FF82FC0064D3CBF0568A" box="[904,960,1970,1994]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05206" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" unit="in" value="1989.0">1989</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FC6164D0CC47568A" box="[1001,1143,1969,1994]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hydroporini">Hydroporini</taxonomicName>
; cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B290F20FF82FB2264D3CD12568A" author="Fery" box="[1194,1314,1970,1994]" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" refString="Fery, H. (2013) Rhithrodytes - are we all blind? Latissimus, 34, 13 - 15." type="journal article" year="2013">Fery 2013</bibRefCitation>
, 2016; see
<figureCitation id="130E2A5D0F20FF82FF4364B4C92A56AE" box="[203,282,2005,2030]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 55" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1345,1367]" captionTargetBox="[191,1436,208,1316]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1323]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 55. (49 – 53): Epipleuron with oblique epipleural carina and genicular fossa of: (49) Clemnius (s. str.) berneri, (50) Hygrotus (Leptolambus) polonicus polonicus, (51) H. (Coelambus) caspius, (52) H. (Leptolambus) impressopunctatus and (53) Rhithrodytes agnus; epipleural carina (c) and inner margin of epipleuron (m) including angle mentioned in diagnoses of subgenera. (54 – 55): Elytral margin in lateral view of: (54) H. (Coelambus) caspius (strongly ascending to shoulder) and (55) Clemnius (s. str.) berneri (moderately ascending to shoulder) (Figs 52 and 53 are reproduced from Fery 2013 and from Fery 2016 with the permissions of F. Gusenleitner, Linz, Austria, and G. Foster, Ayr, UK, respectively)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884786/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FEC164B4CA8656AE" authority="Foster, 1992" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="1992" box="[329,694,2005,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Rhithrodytes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agnus">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F20FF82FEC164B4CA1156AD" box="[329,545,2005,2030]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">Rhithrodytes agnus</emphasis>
Foster, 1992
</taxonomicName>
, and
<figureCitation id="130E2A5D0F20FF82FD7864B4CB5E56AE" box="[752,878,2005,2030]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 55" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1345,1367]" captionTargetBox="[191,1436,208,1316]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1323]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 55. (49 – 53): Epipleuron with oblique epipleural carina and genicular fossa of: (49) Clemnius (s. str.) berneri, (50) Hygrotus (Leptolambus) polonicus polonicus, (51) H. (Coelambus) caspius, (52) H. (Leptolambus) impressopunctatus and (53) Rhithrodytes agnus; epipleural carina (c) and inner margin of epipleuron (m) including angle mentioned in diagnoses of subgenera. (54 – 55): Elytral margin in lateral view of: (54) H. (Coelambus) caspius (strongly ascending to shoulder) and (55) Clemnius (s. str.) berneri (moderately ascending to shoulder) (Figs 52 and 53 are reproduced from Fery 2013 and from Fery 2016 with the permissions of F. Gusenleitner, Linz, Austria, and G. Foster, Ayr, UK, respectively)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884786/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">Figs 49–52</figureCitation>
for some
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F20FF82FC5664B7CC7556AD" authorityName="sensu Stephens" authorityYear="1828" box="[990,1093,2006,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Hygrotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F20FF82FC5664B7CC7556AD" box="[990,1093,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="502">Hygrotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F27FF85FF1F63F9C92451B8" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">
- metatarsal claws equal in length, with eXception of members of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FC3063F9CC7851F0" box="[952,1096,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Coelambus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saginatus">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FC3063F9CC7851F0" box="[952,1096,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">C. saginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B290F27FF85FB5D63F9CD7E51F0" author="Fery" box="[1237,1358,152,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" refString="Fery, H. (1992) Revision der saginatus - Gruppe der Gattung Coelambus Thomson (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 24, 339 - 358." type="journal article" year="1992">Fery 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B290F27FF85FAD563F6CDA851F0" author="Fery" box="[1373,1432,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" refString="Fery, H. (1995) Erganzungen zur saginatus - Gruppe sowie Bemerkungen zu weiteren Arten der Gattung Coelambus Thomson (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 27, 1045 - 1061." type="journal article" year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B290F27FF85FF4363DDC9355194" author="Fery" box="[203,261,188,212]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" refString="Fery, H. (2003) Dytiscidae: V. Taxonomic and distributional notes on Hygrotus Stephens, with emphasis on the Chinese fauna and a key to the Palearctic species (Coleoptera). In: Jach, M. A. &amp; Ji, L. (Eds.), Water Beetles of China. Vol. 3. Zoologisch- Botanische Gesellschaft in Osterreich and Wiener Coleopterologenverein, Wien, pp. 133 - 193." type="book" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
) and in contrast to members of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FDE763DDCAC05195" box="[623,752,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyphydrini">Hyphydrini</taxonomicName>
and Pachydrini (see e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B290F27FF85FB8763DDCCF15195" author="Pederzani" box="[1039,1217,188,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" refString="Pederzani, F. (1995) Keys to the identification of the genera and subgenera of adult Dytiscidae (sensu lato) of the world (Coleoptera Dytiscidae). Atti dell'Accademia Roveretana degli Agiati, Ser. VII, a. 244, 4 B (1994), 5 - 83." type="journal article" year="1995">Pederzani 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B290F27FF85FB4563DDC93851B8" author="Miller" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" refString="Miller, K. B. &amp; Bergsten, J. (2016) Diving beetles of the world: Systematics and biology of the Dytiscidae. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, ix + 320 pp." type="book" year="2016">Miller &amp; Bergsten 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F27FF85FF4F6249C9D85255" blockId="4.[151,1437,295,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">
None of these characters is, however, an unambiguous synapomorphy of the group. We introduce here a potentially unambiguous synapomorphy of tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FD4C622DCB045025" authorityName="Portevin" authorityYear="1929" box="[708,820,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hygrotini">Hygrotini</taxonomicName>
, recognised by one of us (H.F.). In many members of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FF1F620EC90350C8" box="[151,307,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hydroporinae">Hydroporinae</taxonomicName>
the antennal cavities in the fronto-lateral part of the head are rather deep and more or less conical (much flatter e.g. in
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FE0962F5CA3750ED" box="[385,519,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hyphydrini">Hyphydrini</taxonomicName>
), allowing the movement of the first antennomere (the scape). These cavities are delimited dorsally by the anterior border of the clypeus (&quot;b&quot; in
<figureCitation id="130E2A5D0F27FF85FCE162D6CBFF5090" box="[873,975,439,464]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 3 – 4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId-0="13.[151,264,1658,1680]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,264,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox-0="[353,1132,193,1614]" captionTargetBox-1="[264,1323,403,1909]" captionTargetId-0="figure@13.[353,1233,193,1614]" captionTargetId-1="figure@14.[264,1323,403,1909]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="FIGURES 3 – 4. Antennal cavities of: (3) Hydroporus dorsalis (Hydroporini) and (4) Hygrotus (Leptolambus) lagari (Fery, 1992) (a: carina delimiting capsule for scape; b: fronto-lateral border of clypeus; c: second carina)." captionText-1="FIGURES 5 – 6. SEM micrographs with details of head and antennal cavities of: (5) Hygrotus (Leptolambus) impressopunctatus (frontal view) and (6) Hygrotus (s. str.) inaequalis (oblique ventral view) (a, b and c as in Figs 3 – 4; d: clypeal stripe; e: labrum)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/884772/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/884774/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Figs 3–6</figureCitation>
). Inside each cavity there is a capsule in which the base of the scape (the condyle) is articulated. This capsule is delimited by a distinct more or less circular carina (&quot;a&quot; in
<figureCitation id="130E2A5D0F27FF85FEBC629EC9A95358" box="[308,409,511,536]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 3 – 4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId-0="13.[151,264,1658,1680]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,264,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox-0="[353,1132,193,1614]" captionTargetBox-1="[264,1323,403,1909]" captionTargetId-0="figure@13.[353,1233,193,1614]" captionTargetId-1="figure@14.[264,1323,403,1909]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="FIGURES 3 – 4. Antennal cavities of: (3) Hydroporus dorsalis (Hydroporini) and (4) Hygrotus (Leptolambus) lagari (Fery, 1992) (a: carina delimiting capsule for scape; b: fronto-lateral border of clypeus; c: second carina)." captionText-1="FIGURES 5 – 6. SEM micrographs with details of head and antennal cavities of: (5) Hygrotus (Leptolambus) impressopunctatus (frontal view) and (6) Hygrotus (s. str.) inaequalis (oblique ventral view) (a, b and c as in Figs 3 – 4; d: clypeal stripe; e: labrum)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/884772/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/884774/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Figs 3–6</figureCitation>
). In all studied species of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FD48629ECB1D5358" authorityName="Portevin" authorityYear="1929" box="[704,813,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hygrotini">Hygrotini</taxonomicName>
there is an additional–more or less semicircular–carina (&quot;c&quot; in
<figureCitation id="130E2A5D0F27FF85FF6E6145C978537D" box="[230,328,548,573]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 3 – 4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId-0="13.[151,264,1658,1680]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,264,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox-0="[353,1132,193,1614]" captionTargetBox-1="[264,1323,403,1909]" captionTargetId-0="figure@13.[353,1233,193,1614]" captionTargetId-1="figure@14.[264,1323,403,1909]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="FIGURES 3 – 4. Antennal cavities of: (3) Hydroporus dorsalis (Hydroporini) and (4) Hygrotus (Leptolambus) lagari (Fery, 1992) (a: carina delimiting capsule for scape; b: fronto-lateral border of clypeus; c: second carina)." captionText-1="FIGURES 5 – 6. SEM micrographs with details of head and antennal cavities of: (5) Hygrotus (Leptolambus) impressopunctatus (frontal view) and (6) Hygrotus (s. str.) inaequalis (oblique ventral view) (a, b and c as in Figs 3 – 4; d: clypeal stripe; e: labrum)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/884772/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/884774/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Figs 4–6</figureCitation>
) which is closer to the border of the clypeus and surrounds in part the other carina. In the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FF1F6126C9125320" box="[151,290,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hydroporini">Hydroporini</taxonomicName>
this additional carina is not present (see
<figureCitation id="130E2A5D0F27FF85FD666126CB1F5320" box="[750,815,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 4" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1658,1680]" captionTargetBox="[353,1132,193,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[353,1233,193,1614]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 4. Antennal cavities of: (3) Hydroporus dorsalis (Hydroporini) and (4) Hygrotus (Leptolambus) lagari (Fery, 1992) (a: carina delimiting capsule for scape; b: fronto-lateral border of clypeus; c: second carina)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884772/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FCD76126CD3F5320" authority="(Fabricius, 1787)" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1787" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1787" box="[863,1295,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Hydroporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FCD76126CC765320" box="[863,1094,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Hydroporus dorsalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B290F27FF85FBDD6126CD375320" author="Fabricius" box="[1109,1287,583,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1787) Mantissa Insectorum sistens species nuper detectas adiectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus. Vol. 1 &amp; Vol. 2. C. G. Proft, Hafniae, xx + 348 + 382 pp." type="book" year="1787">Fabricius, 1787</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
or fig.
<quantity id="4CCD9B3D0F27FF85FAEB6129CDAC5320" box="[1379,1436,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.382" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" unit="in" value="33.0">33 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B290F27FF85FF1F610CC9B353C5" author="Fery" box="[151,387,620,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" refString="Fery, H. &amp; Bouzid, S. (2016) Notes on Graptodytes Seidlitz, 1887, re-instatement of G. laeticulus (Sharp, 1882) as valid species and description of Tassilodytes nov. gen. from Algeria (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Siettitiina). Linzer Biologische Beitrage, 48 (1), 451 - 481." type="journal article" year="2016">Fery &amp; Bouzid 2016</bibRefCitation>
for
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FE3D610DCABF53C4" box="[437,655,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Tassilodytes parisii</emphasis>
(Gridelli, 1939)). In a few species of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FBCD610DCC8253C5" authorityName="Portevin" authorityYear="1929" box="[1093,1202,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hygrotini">Hygrotini</taxonomicName>
the second carina is difficult to observe or is very narrow (as in e.g.
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FD3C61F0CBED53E8" baseAuthorityName="Peschet" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[692,989,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Heroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="descarpentriesi">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FD3C61F0CBED53E8" box="[692,989,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Heroceras descarpentriesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FB9C61F0CDBC53E8" baseAuthorityName="Wallis" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[1044,1420,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Hygrotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salinarius" subGenus="Coelambus">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FB9C61F0CC4B53E8" box="[1044,1147,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Hygrotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FB0461EECD3A53E8" box="[1164,1290,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Coelambus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FA9461EECDBC53E8" box="[1308,1420,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">salinarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), but is nevertheless clearly perceptible when the specimens are properly illuminated and orientated. However, in most specimens studied of
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FE5A61B8CC2053B0" authority="(Crotch, 1874)" authorityName="Crotch" authorityYear="1874" baseAuthorityName="Crotch" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[466,1040,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Hygrotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masculinus" subGenus="Coelambus">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FE5A61B8CA0953B0" box="[466,569,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Hygrotus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FDC461B6CAFA53B0" box="[588,714,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Coelambus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FD5561B6CB6B53B0" box="[733,859,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">masculinus</emphasis>
(Crotch, 1874)
</taxonomicName>
, the second carina is reduced to a short piece near the mandible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F27FF85FF4F607ECBE752AD" blockId="4.[151,1437,295,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">
According to the phylogeny reconstructed in Villastrigo
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FCC96040CB4A5278" box="[833,890,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">et al.</emphasis>
(in press) the tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FBDD607ECCF25278" authorityName="Portevin" authorityYear="1929" box="[1109,1218,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hygrotini">Hygrotini</taxonomicName>
is divided into two well supported monophyletic lineages, which are considered here with generic rank. Each of these two lineages is in turn divided into generally well supported clades, which are treated as subgenera. In some cases these clades have lower support in the molecular phylogeny, and are also not well defined morphologically (see below and AppendiX for a discussion on the clypeal bead, the main character used so far to differentiate genera and subgenera within
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FF6D60B5C96652AD" authorityName="Portevin" authorityYear="1929" box="[229,342,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hygrotini">Hygrotini</taxonomicName>
), so we opted for a subgeneric rather than a generic rank.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F27FF85FF4F6099CA37553D" blockId="4.[151,1437,295,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">
Due to the new classification 67 species are for the first time included in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FB1E6096CD305550" authority="Fery, 2017" authorityName="Fery" authorityYear="2017" box="[1174,1280,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Clemnius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FB1E6096CD305550" box="[1174,1280,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Clemnius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27257B10F27FF85FA826096CD6B554F" box="[1290,1371,1015,1040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FA826096CD645550" bold="true" box="[1290,1364,1015,1040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">n. gen</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
or in
<taxonomicName id="4C354D5B0F27FF85FF1F677CC8CE5574" authorityName="sensu Stephens" authorityYear="1828" box="[151,254,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Hygrotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FF1F677CC8CE5574" box="[151,254,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Hygrotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, thus their names becoming new combinations. We have listed all these species in
<tableCitation id="C6B703630F27FF85FB39677DCD355574" box="[1201,1285,1052,1077]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[125,200,512,532]" captionText="TABLE 1. Checklist of all 137 species of Hygrotini with original, new and former (Nilsson &amp; Há ek 2017 a) generic and subgeneric names; last three columns indicating new combinations, distribution and methods applied to material studied. See Villastrigo et al. (in press) for details on the specimens used in the molecular phylogeny and accession numbers of the sequences." pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Table 1</tableCitation>
marked with &quot;
<emphasis id="B941EACA0F27FF85FF2A675EC93A5518" bold="true" box="[162,266,1087,1112]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">n. comb.</emphasis>
&quot; These changes have also generated some homonymies which will be resolved in a separate work (H. Fery, manuscript in preparation).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A36D80F27FF85FF4F67E6C8D15585" blockId="4.[151,1437,295,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">
The genera and subgenera are treated below in the same order as in
<figureCitation id="130E2A5D0F27FF85FC4267E6CC3E55E0" box="[970,1038,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1941,1963]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,197,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[189,1396,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dendrogram showing the new classification of Hygrotini. A number of species without molecular data (no voucher number) have been inserted near morphologically similar species with molecular data. Acronyms refer to biogeographical regions." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/884770/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="503">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
, starting from the lower part of the figure.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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