182 lines
20 KiB
XML
182 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="A56DB903C78CC3C51ED75C2E750C27D3" ID-CLB-Dataset="68516" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6628559" ID-GBIF-Dataset="22898d3b-c36a-4623-a228-eb3e11447def" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-89-7" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6628559" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1654781748967" checkinUser="jonas" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2013" docId="560F8786B73128420DFBF7533BAEFAA0" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_3_Cebidae_0348.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Cebus brunneus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="411" masterDocId="AA36FFFEB7252857085AFF913F5EFFB8" masterDocTitle="Cebidae" masterLastPageNumber="413" masterPageNumber="348" pageNumber="410" updateTime="1699339254472" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="90800B8588F89C7A0B039A2CA4884135" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="868FDD4A0A9EF404D5DAB6BCCBE7FAC7">Cebidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DEA141AA92C208DE4934839B749AB958">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2C145A88E7561E6055D70B657C19DAB7">Anthony B. Rylands</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="58F08732723D0C8A4D42E9EC92C4ABB4">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A1FD8010F0D851B0CBC112F4F77D4910">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="7A0D7ECEEFFCB35FFB17BE637AD30F4A">2013</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="3932B2625933F6C89317D78DF60A3119" type="pubDate">2013-03-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="3D96FE99A823A6CFC697EC7CAB8D909F">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="509B40B9A20013D67CBF8753CDC9FC2E">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="439AFA7343154CEA5F5AB2B62826EBCF">
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<mods:title id="DB486DA0F730BEEF6ADD8FAA55CB13BC">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates</mods:title>
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<treatment id="560F8786B73128420DFBF7533BAEFAA0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6628273" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195828921" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6628273" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:560F8786B73128420DFBF7533BAEFAA0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/560F8786B73128420DFBF7533BAEFAA0" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB73128430DFBF7533A87F748" box="[1441,1497,2242,2288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B73128430DFBF7533A87F748" blockId="20.[1438,2473,2242,2367]" box="[1441,1497,2242,2288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<heading id="855181FCB73128430DFBF7533A87F748" box="[1441,1497,2242,2288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<figureCitation id="469D2A15B73128430DFBF7533A87F748" box="[1441,1497,2242,2288]" captionStart="Plate 26: Cebidae" captionStartId="17.[92,122,3319,3344]" captionTargetBox="[9,2709,14,3630]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="16. Maranon White-fronted Capuchin (Cebus yuracus), 17. Shock-headed Capuchin (Cebus cuscinus), 18. Spix’s White-fronted Capuchin (Cebus unicolor), 19. Humboldt’s White-fronted Capuchin (Cebus albifrons), 20. Guianan Weeper Capuchin (Cebus olivaceus), 21. Ka’apor Capuchin (Cebus kaapori), 22. Venezuelan Brown Capuchin (Cebus brunneus), 23. Sierra de Perija White-fronted Capuchin (Cebus leucocephalus), 24. Rio Cesar White-fronted Capuchin (Cebus cesarae), 25. Varied Whitefronted Capuchin (Cebus versicolor), 26. Santa Marta White-fronted Capuchin (Cebus malitiosus), 27. Ecuadorian White-fronted Capuchin (Cebus aequatorialis), 28. Colombian White-faced Capuchin (Cebus capucinus), 29. Panamanian White-faced Capuchin (Cebus imitator)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6628652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6628652/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">22.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB73128430DBDF7533716F748" box="[1511,2120,2242,2288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B73128430DBDF7533716F748" blockId="20.[1438,2473,2242,2367]" box="[1511,2120,2242,2288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<heading id="855181FCB73128430DBDF7533716F748" box="[1511,2120,2242,2288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<vernacularName id="50A546BEB73128430DBDF7533716F748" box="[1511,2120,2242,2288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Venezuelan Brown Capuchin</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB731284300DAF75336F6F748" box="[2176,2472,2242,2288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="DE193690B731284300DAF75336F6F748" blockId="20.[1438,2473,2242,2367]" box="[2176,2472,2242,2288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<heading id="855181FCB731284300DAF75336F6F748" box="[2176,2472,2242,2288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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||
<taxonomicName id="19A64D13B731284300DAF75336F6F748" ID-CoL="RYZ2" baseAuthorityName="Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[2176,2472,2242,2288]" class="Mammalia" family="Cebidae" genus="Cebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunneus">
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B731284300DAF75336F6F748" box="[2176,2472,2242,2288]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Cebus brunneus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB73128430DFAF69038C6F685" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B73128430DFAF6903636F6AE" blockId="20.[1438,2473,2242,2367]" box="[1440,2408,2305,2326]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<heading id="855181FCB73128430DFAF6903636F6AE" box="[1440,2408,2305,2326]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B73128430DFAF6903AB3F6AE" bold="true" box="[1440,1517,2305,2326]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="50A546BEB73128430DAFF69039D3F6AE" box="[1525,1677,2305,2326]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Sapajou d'Allen</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B73128430EF9F69039A0F6AE" bold="true" box="[1699,1790,2305,2326]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="50A546BEB73128430F5DF69038A5F6AE" box="[1799,2043,2305,2326]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Venezuela-Kapuzineraffe</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B7312843004AF6903735F6AE" bold="true" box="[2064,2155,2305,2326]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="50A546BEB7312843002EF6903636F6AE" box="[2164,2408,2305,2326]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Capuchino de Venezuela</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DE193690B73128430DC5F6B938C6F685" blockId="20.[1438,2473,2242,2367]" box="[1439,1944,2344,2365]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<heading id="855181FCB73128430DC5F6B938C6F685" box="[1439,1944,2344,2365]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B73128430DC5F6B939CBF685" bold="true" box="[1439,1685,2344,2365]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="50A546BEB73128430EC5F6B938C6F685" box="[1695,1944,2344,2365]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Brown Weeper Capuchin</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB7312843005CF6E3370EF60A" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B7312843005CF6E3370EF60A" blockId="20.[2049,2640,2418,2836]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B7312843005CF6E337FFF633" bold="true" box="[2054,2209,2418,2443]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="19A64D13B731284300E0F6E33715F60A" ID-CoL="RYZ2" authority="Allen, 1914" authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1914" class="Mammalia" family="Cebidae" genus="Cebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="apella" subSpecies="brunneus">Cebus apella brunneus Allen, 1914</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB7312843003BF6043513F5B9" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B7312843003BF6043513F5B9" blockId="20.[2049,2640,2418,2836]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<materialsCitation id="6ECE3CCDB7312843003BF6043513F5B9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3804722323" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Aroa (Pueblo Nuevo), station on the Bolivar Railway, Yaracuy, north-west ern Venezuela, elevation 730 feet (222 m).</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB7312843005DF59636CCF431" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B7312843005DF59636CCF431" blockId="20.[2049,2640,2418,2836]" lastBlockId="20.[1438,2639,2842,3465]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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P. Hershkovitz in 1949 considered this form to be a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="19A64D13B731284301D7F5A3350EF5F7" box="[2445,2640,2610,2639]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">C. nigrivittatus</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="19A64D13B7312843006FF5CB37F2F5CF" authorityName="Schomburgk" authorityYear="1848" box="[2101,2220,2650,2679]" class="Mammalia" family="Cebidae" genus="Cebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceus">olivaceus</taxonomicName>
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). C. P. Groves placed it as a junior synonym of C.
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<taxonomicName id="19A64D13B73128430112F51036E7F526" authorityName="Schomburgk" authorityYear="1848" box="[2376,2489,2689,2718]" class="Mammalia" family="Cebidae" genus="Cebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceus">olivaceus</taxonomicName>
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. The phylogenetic analysis carried out by J. Boubli and coworkers in 2012, however, found it to be a distinct species most closely related to C. leucocephalusjust to the west in extreme western Venezuela and north-eastern Colombia. The form
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<taxonomicName id="19A64D13B73128430E97F4D33800F4DB" box="[1741,1886,2882,2915]" class="Mammalia" family="Cebidae" genus="Cebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="20" pageNumber="412" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albifrons">C. albifrons</taxonomicName>
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trinitatis named by von Pusch in 1941 from the island of Trinidad is genetically indistinguishable from C.
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<taxonomicName id="19A64D13B73128430035F4F937B8F431" authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1914" box="[2159,2278,2920,2953]" class="Mammalia" family="Cebidae" genus="Cebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunneus">brunneus</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB73128430DC5F401374FF39F" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" type="distribution">
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<caption id="8AD96618B73128430DC5F401374FF39F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6628614" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6628614" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6628614/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" targetBox="[1442,2022,2422,2828]" targetPageId="20">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B73128430DC5F401374FF39F" blockId="20.[1438,2639,2842,3465]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B73128430DC5F4013910F409" bold="true" box="[1439,1614,2960,2993]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Distribution.</emphasis>
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N Venezuela, E of the Sierra de Perija and along the Venezuelan Cordillera de la Costa (Coastal Range), also on E & SE of Trinidad I, where possibly introduced (lowland moist forests of the Nariva Swamp, lowland forest E of the Central Range Mountains, and the Trinity Hills Mts).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB73128420DC5F3BC3D4CFDBE" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="20" pageNumber="410" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B73128420DC5F3BC3D4CFDBE" blockId="20.[1438,2639,2842,3465]" lastBlockId="21.[94,1302,288,1307]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B73128430DC5F3BC39C9F3F6" bold="true" box="[1439,1687,3117,3150]" pageId="20" pageNumber="410">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 42 cm, tail 44 cm, from type specimen. No specific data are available for body weight. Pelage of the Venezuelan Brown Capuchin is very thick and long. General color of upperparts of the type specimen is darker along the middle of the back than on the sides; hairs are dusky at their bases, passing gradually through a broad zone of chestnut into blackish with long hazel tips. The face and sides of the head are pale yellowish gray. The crown has a broad V-shaped patch of longish hairs, narrowing to a point in front, from which a narrow black line runs forward to the nose. The chin and lower part of the cheeks are whitish (clear grayish white or fulvous white in different specimens). Underparts are thinly haired, blackish brown, and tips of the hairs are hazel. The throat is lighter than the chest and belly. Upper arms from shoulders to elbows are pale yellowish (maize yellow) to the base of the hairs. Outer forearms have hairs that are blackish for most of their length, with long yellowish tips; inside forearms they are much darker. Hands are blackish. Hindlimbs are nearly like the upperparts but lighter on the outside of thighs. Hindfeet are nearly black. The tail is colored similarly to the back.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB7302842083BFD9E3C59FDC3" pageId="21" pageNumber="411" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B7302842083BFD9E3C59FDC3" blockId="21.[94,1302,288,1307]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B7302842083BFD9E3F91FD94" bold="true" box="[97,207,527,556]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">Habitat.</emphasis>
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[Lowland moist, montane, and submontane forests along the central and eastern Cordillera de la Costa of northern Venezuela and dry semi-deciduous forest and gallery forests in the western Venezuelan Llanos.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB7302842083AFD103EF5FD49" pageId="21" pageNumber="411" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B7302842083AFD103EF5FD49" blockId="21.[94,1302,288,1307]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B7302842083AFD103E3BFD1A" bold="true" box="[96,357,641,674]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but Venezuelan Brown Capuchins on Trinidad have been seen to use leaves as cups to retrieve water from tree cavities.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB7302842083AFD663CFDFCA0" box="[96,931,759,792]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B7302842083AFD663CFDFCA0" blockId="21.[94,1302,288,1307]" box="[96,931,759,792]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B7302842083AFD663FB8FCA0" bold="true" box="[96,230,759,792]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">Breeding.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB73028420804FCB33B58FC87" box="[94,1030,802,831]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411" type="activity">
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||
<paragraph id="DE193690B73028420804FCB33B58FC87" blockId="21.[94,1302,288,1307]" box="[94,1030,802,831]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B73028420804FCB33E17FC87" bold="true" box="[94,329,802,831]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB7302842083AFCDB3E6AFC36" pageId="21" pageNumber="411" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B7302842083AFCDB3E6AFC36" blockId="21.[94,1302,288,1307]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">
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<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B7302842083AFCDB3C7BFCDF" bold="true" box="[96,805,842,871]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="96BC651BB7302842083AFC043B50FB70" pageId="21" pageNumber="411" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="DE193690B7302842083AFC043B50FB70" blockId="21.[94,1302,288,1307]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B7302842083AFC043EE7FC0E" bold="true" box="[96,441,917,950]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
CITES Appendix II. Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List (as C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="19A64D13B73028420977FC2D3EC0FC65" authorityName="Schomburgk" authorityYear="1848" box="[301,414,956,989]" class="Mammalia" family="Cebidae" genus="Cebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="21" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceus">olivaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="19A64D13B730284209F2FC2D3D7AFC65" authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1914" box="[424,548,956,989]" class="Mammalia" family="Cebidae" genus="Cebus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="21" pageNumber="411" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunneus">brunneus</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The Venezuelan Brown Capuchin is reported to be common. Protected areas within its distribution include Henri Pittier, El Avila, and Peninsula de Paria national parks in Venezuela, and if it is indeed the capuchin on Trinidad, very small populations are found in Bush Bush and Trinity Hills wildlife sanctuaries. Three groups totaling 31 individuals were recorded in Bush Bush and one group of twelve individuals was recorded in Trinity Hills in 1997 surveys. The population on Trinidad is classified as Critically Endangered on The IUCN Red Last.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="96BC651BB7302842083AFB4D3BAEFAA0" pageId="21" pageNumber="411" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="DE193690B7302842083AFB4D3BAEFAA0" blockId="21.[94,1302,288,1307]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<emphasis id="ECD2EA82B7302842083AFB4D3FACFB49" bold="true" box="[96,242,1244,1265]" pageId="21" pageNumber="411">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Agoramoorthy & Hsu (1995), Allen (1914), Hill (1960), Bodini (1989), Bodini & Pérez-Hernandez (1987), Freese & Oppenheimer (1981), Hershkovitz (1949), Linares (1998), Phillips (1998), Phillips & Abercrombie (2003).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |