246 lines
33 KiB
XML
246 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="280E4E53156E00CDD656B79B57281C61" ID-CLB-Dataset="32103" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4320.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="97eb2462-e968-4f36-81ab-fc2a832928ae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="891538" ID-ZooBank="878A01B5-C37C-4E46-8631-16927888D8D4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1505450714396" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sikorski, Andrey" docDate="2017" docId="5B0CE5039476FB5184824D78FE567EB7" docLanguage="en" docName="zooaxa.4320.1.3.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4320 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paraonides nordica Strelzov 1968" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="A7359D7B9465FB4584154F3AFFB27E63" masterDocTitle="The Paraonidae (Annelida: Sedentaria) from Norway and adjacent seas, with two new species, four new records, and a redescription of Paraonides nordica Strelzov, 1968 based on type material" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1698468442756" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F34A2F3AB86EB6B7C0F98B68DD996BCA">The Paraonidae (Annelida: Sedentaria) from Norway and adjacent seas, with two new species, four new records, and a redescription of Paraonides nordica Strelzov, 1968 based on type material</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="987F133935A98E73BCA8D7FC789F2B47">Sikorski, Andrey</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="99EBB652890CE932774ACB0F87EEE6B8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4C263F4CBD1ED4863C4362523E94CCFF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A6B8565D98CA7329DB1299D873EC1397">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="61BAE91D3041D4210B033F9437813F8D">2017-09-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="01789468B345B58D7C312548A2E5F3D6">4320</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="DF6DAE3A233F4BA273CB8FD359365BD3" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4320.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5B0CE5039476FB5184824D78FE567EB7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6050895" ID-GBIF-Taxon="134089567" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6050895" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B0CE5039476FB5184824D78FE567EB7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B0CE5039476FB5184824D78FE567EB7" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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<subSubSection id="9BBF079E9476FB5684824D78FF4A7C1D" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D31A54159476FB5684824D78FD8A7C3F" blockId="19.[151,568,578,638]" box="[151,568,578,604]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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<heading id="8852E3799476FB5684824D78FD8A7C3F" bold="true" box="[151,568,578,604]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB5684824D78FD8A7C3F" ID-CoL="4D6YH" authority="Strelzov, 1968" authorityName="Strelzov" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,568,578,604]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonides" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nordica">
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<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5684824D78FD8A7C3F" bold="true" box="[151,568,578,604]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5684824D78FE367C3F" bold="true" box="[151,388,578,604]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Paraonides nordica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB56859E4D78FD8A7C3F" author="Strelzov" box="[395,568,578,604]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Strelzov, V. E. (1968) Mnogoshchetinkovye chervy semeitsva Paraonidae (Polychaeta Sedentaria) Barentseva morya. Trudy Murmanskogo Morskogo Biologicheskogo Instituta, 17 (21), 74 - 95." type="journal article" year="1968">Strelzov, 1968</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D31A54159476FB5684824D5FFF4A7C1D" blockId="19.[151,568,578,638]" box="[151,248,613,638]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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(
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<figureCitation id="4B9E48909476FB56848A4D5FFF437C1D" box="[159,241,613,638]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[396,1233,309,1617]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[340,1247,295,1626]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraonides nordica Strelzov, 1968. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Left parapodium of chaetiger 8, anterior view; C. Right parapodium of chaetiger 46, anterior view. Scale bar: A: 0.2 mm; B, C: 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/891558/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BBF079E9476FB5684824D97FBD37C81" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D31A54159476FB5684824D97FD247CA0" blockId="19.[151,1121,685,738]" box="[151,662,685,707]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="F3B5733B9476FB5684824D97FD247CA0" box="[151,662,685,707]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB5684824D97FD937CA0" ID-CoL="4D6YH" authority="Strelzov, 1968: 76" authorityName="Strelzov" authorityPageNumber="76" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,545,685,707]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonides" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nordica">
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<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5684824D97FED27CA0" box="[151,352,685,707]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Paraonides nordica</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="520472049476FB5685734D97FD937CA0" author="Strelzov" box="[358,545,685,707]" page="76" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" year="1968">
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<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB5685734D97FE497CA0" author="Strelzov" box="[358,507,685,707]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Strelzov, V. E. (1968) Mnogoshchetinkovye chervy semeitsva Paraonidae (Polychaeta Sedentaria) Barentseva morya. Trudy Murmanskogo Morskogo Biologicheskogo Instituta, 17 (21), 74 - 95." type="journal article" year="1968">Strelzov, 1968</bibRefCitation>
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: 76
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 1A–E.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D31A54159476FB5684824DF6FBD37C81" blockId="19.[151,1121,685,738]" box="[151,1121,716,738]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="F3B5733B9476FB5684824DF6FBD37C81" box="[151,1121,716,738]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5684824DF6FEDB7C81" box="[151,361,716,738]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB5684824DF6FEEF7C81" ID-CoL="4D6Y8" baseAuthorityName="Strelzov" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[151,349,716,738]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nordica">Paraonella nordica</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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—
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<treatmentCitation id="520472049476FB5685964DF6FDF17C81" author="Strelzov" box="[387,579,716,738]" page="147" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" year="1973">
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<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB5685964DF6FDA17C81" author="Strelzov" box="[387,531,716,738]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Strelzov, V. E. (1973) Mnogoshchetinkovye Chervy Semeitsva Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909 - Polychaeta Sedentaria. Akademiya Nauk SSR, Saint Petersburg, 170 pp." type="book" year="1973">Strelzov 1973</bibRefCitation>
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: 147
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</treatmentCitation>
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–148, fig. 67;
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<treatmentCitation id="520472049476FB5686C44DF6FC057C81" author="Kedra" box="[721,951,716,738]" page="430" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB5686C44DF6FC367C81" author="Kedra" box="[721,900,716,738]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Kedra, M., Legezynska, J. & Walkusz, W. (2011) Shallow winter and summer macrofauna in a high Arctic fjord (79 ° N, Spitsbergen). Marine Biodiversity, 41, 425 - 439. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 010 - 0066 - 8" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Kedra
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<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5687034DF7FCF07C81" box="[790,834,716,738]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">et al</emphasis>
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. 2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 430
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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; 2013: 813–814.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="9BBF079E9476FB5684824C34FE7A7D0C" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D31A54159476FB5684824C34FE7A7D0C" blockId="19.[151,1437,782,1995]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5684824C34FE377D44" bold="true" box="[151,389,782,807]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Material examined.</emphasis>
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ZISP 5/38014; Barents Sea; 72.0366°N-51.1133°E;
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<quantity id="145DF9F09476FB5687F84C35FB9C7D45" box="[1005,1070,783,807]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="87.0">87 m</quantity>
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; muddy sand and pebbles with gravel
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<date id="A71B72D59476FB5684F84C08FEDD7D28" box="[237,367,818,843]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="1959-06-09">06.09.1959</date>
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; one paratype. ZISP 2/38011; Barents Sea; 72.50°N-46.60°E;
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<quantity id="145DF9F09476FB5680664C08FB0A7D29" box="[1139,1208,818,843]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</quantity>
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; shells and gravel
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<date id="A71B72D59476FB5684824C6CFEAB7D0C" box="[151,281,854,879]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" value="1959-09-09">09.09.1959</date>
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||
; two paratypes.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="9BBF079E9476FB5684D24C40FE537BB0" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="D31A54159476FB5684D24C40FE537BB0" blockId="19.[151,1437,782,1995]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5684D24C40FEEB7DF0" bold="true" box="[199,345,890,915]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Description.</emphasis>
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Longest specimen complete,
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<quantity id="145DF9F09476FB5686B84C41FCB77DF1" box="[685,773,891,915]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="9.3">9.3 mm</quantity>
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long for 56 chaetigers, 0.15 wide at tenth chaetiger level. Prebranchial and branchial regions very slightly flattened, postbranchial region cylindrical. Preserved specimens whitish, without any colour marking. Prostomium distally rounded, nearly twice longer than wide (
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<figureCitation id="4B9E48909476FB5681374CF8FA3D7DB8" box="[1314,1423,962,987]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[396,1233,309,1617]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[340,1247,295,1626]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraonides nordica Strelzov, 1968. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Left parapodium of chaetiger 8, anterior view; C. Right parapodium of chaetiger 46, anterior view. Scale bar: A: 0.2 mm; B, C: 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/891558/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
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); antenna, apical sensory organ and eyes absent. Mouth anteriorly oriented, posterior lip extending through first chaetiger only. Nuchal organs straight and oblique, joining to posterior end of prostomium (
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<figureCitation id="4B9E48909476FB5680BE4B30FAA77A40" box="[1195,1301,1034,1059]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[396,1233,309,1617]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[340,1247,295,1626]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraonides nordica Strelzov, 1968. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Left parapodium of chaetiger 8, anterior view; C. Right parapodium of chaetiger 46, anterior view. Scale bar: A: 0.2 mm; B, C: 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/891558/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
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); secondary ciliary organs absent. Branchiae digitiform, with rounded tips (
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<figureCitation id="4B9E48909476FB56879E4B14FBAD7A24" box="[907,1055,1070,1095]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[396,1233,309,1617]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[340,1247,295,1626]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraonides nordica Strelzov, 1968. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Left parapodium of chaetiger 8, anterior view; C. Right parapodium of chaetiger 46, anterior view. Scale bar: A: 0.2 mm; B, C: 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/891558/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Fig. 10A, B</figureCitation>
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), occurring from chaetiger 5 to chaetiger 10; all similar in length, nearly reaching mid-dorsal line, except the last pair, which is half as long; ciliation not observed. Notopodial postchaetal lobes very short and papilliform in prebranchial region, minute on chaetigers 1 and 2, slightly larger on chaetigers 3 and 4 (
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<figureCitation id="4B9E48909476FB5687264BA0FC2D7AD0" box="[819,927,1178,1203]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[396,1233,309,1617]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[340,1247,295,1626]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraonides nordica Strelzov, 1968. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Left parapodium of chaetiger 8, anterior view; C. Right parapodium of chaetiger 46, anterior view. Scale bar: A: 0.2 mm; B, C: 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/891558/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
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); progressively increasing in length through branchial region, becoming digitiform on chaetigers 8 onwards (
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<figureCitation id="4B9E48909476FB5687894B84FBBB7AB4" box="[924,1033,1214,1239]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[396,1233,309,1617]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[340,1247,295,1626]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraonides nordica Strelzov, 1968. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Left parapodium of chaetiger 8, anterior view; C. Right parapodium of chaetiger 46, anterior view. Scale bar: A: 0.2 mm; B, C: 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/891558/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
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), about one quarter the length of corresponding branchia, except for chaetiger 10, where the branchiae are shorter; not observed in post-branchial region. Neuropodial postchaetal lobe as low ridge, of even height all along body (
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<figureCitation id="4B9E48909476FB56803E4A3CFB0B7B7C" box="[1067,1209,1286,1311]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[396,1233,309,1617]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[340,1247,295,1626]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraonides nordica Strelzov, 1968. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Left parapodium of chaetiger 8, anterior view; C. Right parapodium of chaetiger 46, anterior view. Scale bar: A: 0.2 mm; B, C: 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/891558/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Fig. 10 B, C</figureCitation>
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); interramal process not observed. Pygidium squared, pygidial cirri not observed. Chaetae arranged in two rows in both noto- and neuropodia, those of posterior row clearly longer; notochaetae thin and slightly curved, numbering 10 on chaetiger 3 and 14 on chaetiger 9, gradually decreasing to seven on chaetigers 32 and 46 (
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<figureCitation id="4B9E48909476FB56800E4A48FB307BE8" box="[1051,1154,1394,1419]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[396,1233,309,1617]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[340,1247,295,1626]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraonides nordica Strelzov, 1968. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Left parapodium of chaetiger 8, anterior view; C. Right parapodium of chaetiger 46, anterior view. Scale bar: A: 0.2 mm; B, C: 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/891558/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
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); neurochaetae similar to notochaetae, numbering 15 on chaetiger 3, 14 on chaetigers 9 and 32, and 12 on chaetiger 46 (
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<figureCitation id="4B9E48909476FB5680AE4AACFA917BCC" box="[1211,1315,1430,1455]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox="[396,1233,309,1617]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[340,1247,295,1626]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraonides nordica Strelzov, 1968. A. Anterior end, dorsal view; B. Left parapodium of chaetiger 8, anterior view; C. Right parapodium of chaetiger 46, anterior view. Scale bar: A: 0.2 mm; B, C: 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/891558/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
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); modified noto- or neurochaetae absent.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BBF079E9476FB5684D24AE4FD5679A8" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="D31A54159476FB5684D24AE4FD5679A8" blockId="19.[151,1437,782,1995]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5684D24AE4FE897B94" bold="true" box="[199,315,1502,1527]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The species can be easily distinguished from the remaining species of the genus by a number of characters. Firstly, the presence of branchiae is a useful trait for separating it from the abranchiate species of the genus, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB568551491CFC36785C" authority="Katzmann & Laubier, 1975" authorityName="Katzmann & Laubier" authorityYear="1975" box="[324,900,1574,1599]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonides" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="myriamae">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB568551491CFD8C785D" box="[324,574,1574,1599]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Paraonides myriamae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB56865D491DFC36785C" author="Katzmann" box="[584,900,1574,1599]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Katzmann, W. & Laubier, L. (1975). Paraonidae (Polychetes sedentaires) de l'Adriatique. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 79, 567 - 588." type="journal article" year="1975">Katzmann & Laubier, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Mediterranean Sea but also reported from the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean (see above), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB5687314976FB4B7800" authority="Hartman & Fauchald, 1971" authorityName="Hartman & Fauchald" authorityYear="1971" box="[804,1273,1610,1635]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paradoneis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="monilaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5687314976FC1C7800" box="[804,942,1610,1635]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">P. monilaris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB5687AC4971FB4B7800" author="Hartman" box="[953,1273,1610,1635]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Hartman, O. & Fauchald, K. (1971) Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Part II. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology, 6, 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="1971">Hartman & Fauchald, 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from abyssal depths in the north-western Atlantic Ocean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB5686B34955FC5478E4" author="Hartman" box="[678,998,1646,1671]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Hartman, O. & Fauchald, K. (1971) Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Part II. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology, 6, 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="1971">Hartman & Fauchald 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), as well as from the closely related
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB56848249A8FD4678C8" authority="Fauchald & Hancock, 1981" authorityName="Fauchald & Hancock" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,756,1682,1707]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="abranchiata">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB56848249A8FE1A78C8" box="[151,424,1682,1707]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Paraonella abranchiata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB5685A649A8FD4678C8" author="Fauchald" box="[435,756,1682,1707]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Fauchald, K. & Hancock, D. R. (1981) Deep-water polychaetes from a transect off central Oregon. Allan Hancock Foundation Monograph, 11, 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1981">Fauchald & Hancock, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the western coast of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="ABB214859476FB56807D49A8FAB378C8" box="[1128,1281,1682,1707]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB56810649A8FEF678AC" author="Fauchald" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Fauchald, K. & Hancock, D. R. (1981) Deep-water polychaetes from a transect off central Oregon. Allan Hancock Foundation Monograph, 11, 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1981">Fauchald & Hancock, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The branchial arrangement is also very different to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB5687CA498DFAE978AC" authority="(Hartman, 1961)" baseAuthorityName="Hartman" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[991,1371,1718,1743]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="platybranchia">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5687CA498DFB2578AC" box="[991,1175,1718,1743]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">P. platybranchia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB5680B0498DFAE078AC" author="Hartman" box="[1189,1362,1718,1743]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Hartman, O. (1961) Polychaetous annelids from California. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 25, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1961">Hartman, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11619AF79476FB5684EA49E0FEC37890" box="[255,369,1754,1779]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB56856A49E1FD977890" author="Hartman" box="[383,549,1754,1779]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Hartman, O. (1961) Polychaetous annelids from California. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 25, 1 - 226." type="journal article" year="1961">Hartman 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB56862449E0FDDF7890" author="Hartman" box="[561,621,1754,1779]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Hartman, O. (1969) Atlas of the Sedentariate Polychaetous Annelids from California. Allan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California Press, Los Angeles, 812 pp." type="book" year="1969">1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which has 21 to 25 pairs of branchiae, many more than the six pairs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB56848249C5FEBA7974" baseAuthorityName="Strelzov" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[151,264,1790,1815]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nordica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB56848249C5FEBA7974" box="[151,264,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">P. nordica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The most similar species are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB56867A49C5FB8D7974" authority="Hartman & Fauchald, 1971" authorityName="Hartman & Fauchald" authorityYear="1971" box="[623,1087,1790,1815]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rubriceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB56867A49C5FD4B7974" box="[623,761,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">P. rubriceps</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB56871649C5FB8D7974" author="Hartman" box="[771,1087,1790,1815]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Hartman, O. & Fauchald, K. (1971) Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Part II. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology, 6, 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="1971">Hartman & Fauchald, 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from abyssal depths off New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="ABB214859476FB5684824818FF467958" box="[151,244,1826,1851]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB5685104819FD887958" author="Hartman" box="[261,570,1826,1851]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Hartman, O. & Fauchald, K. (1971) Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Part II. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology, 6, 1 - 327." type="journal article" year="1971">Hartman & Fauchald 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB568697481EFC627958" authority="Fauchald, 1972" authorityName="Fauchald" authorityYear="1972" box="[642,976,1826,1851]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cedroensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB568697481EFCA47958" box="[642,790,1826,1851]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">P. cedroensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB56870A4818FC627958" author="Fauchald" box="[799,976,1826,1851]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Fauchald, K. (1972) Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep water off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology, 7, 1 - 575." type="journal article" year="1972">Fauchald, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from western
|
||
<collectingRegion id="11619AF79476FB5680684818FB607958" box="[1149,1234,1826,1851]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="ABB214859476FB5680684818FB607958" box="[1149,1234,1826,1851]" name="Mexico" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49476FB5680F74818FA227958" author="Fauchald" box="[1250,1424,1826,1851]" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" refString="Fauchald, K. (1972) Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep water off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology, 7, 1 - 575." type="journal article" year="1972">Fauchald 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Both species can present a similar number of branchiae (five to 11 pairs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB5687CF487DFBEF793C" authorityName="Hartman & Fauchald" authorityYear="1971" box="[986,1117,1862,1887]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rubriceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5687CF487DFBEF793C" box="[986,1117,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">P. rubriceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, five pairs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB5680EF487DFA3E793C" authorityName="Fauchald" authorityYear="1972" box="[1274,1420,1862,1887]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cedroensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5680EF487DFA3E793C" box="[1274,1420,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">P. cedroensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but they have three instead of four prebranchial chaetigers. Moreover, notopodial postchaetal lobes of postbranchial region in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB5685BF48B5FDF279C4" authorityName="Fauchald" authorityYear="1972" box="[426,576,1934,1959]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cedroensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB5685BF48B5FDF279C4" box="[426,576,1934,1959]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">P. cedroensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB56866848B5FCB679C4" authorityName="Hartman & Fauchald" authorityYear="1971" box="[637,772,1934,1959]" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rubriceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB56866848B5FCB679C4" box="[637,772,1934,1959]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">P. rubriceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are longer than those in prebranchial one, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A52F969476FB56819248B5FF5F79A8" baseAuthorityName="Strelzov" baseAuthorityYear="1968" class="Polychaeta" family="Paraonidae" genus="Paraonella" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nordica">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079476FB56819248B5FF5F79A8" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="60">P. nordica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are very short and almost unnoticeable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9BBF079E9471FB5184D24FADFE567EB7" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D31A54159471FB5184D24FADFE567EB7" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079471FB5184D24FADFED27ED3" bold="true" box="[199,352,151,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Barents Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49471FB51861D4FADFD1F7ED3" author="Strelzov" box="[520,685,151,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" refString="Strelzov, V. E. (1973) Mnogoshchetinkovye Chervy Semeitsva Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909 - Polychaeta Sedentaria. Akademiya Nauk SSR, Saint Petersburg, 170 pp." type="book" year="1973">Strelzov 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49471FB5186A94FADFC237ED3" author="Kedra" box="[700,913,151,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" refString="Kedra, M., Renaud, P. E., Andrade, H., Goszczko, I. & Ambrose Jr., W. G. (2013) Benthic community structure, diversity, and productivity in the shallow Barents Sea bank (Svalbard Bank). Marine Biology, 160, 805 - 819. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00227 - 012 - 2135 - y" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Kedra
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079471FB5187194FA3FCF37ED3" box="[780,833,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Spitsbergen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49471FB51802A4FADFAA97ED3" author="Kedra" box="[1087,1307,151,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" refString="Kedra, M., Legezynska, J. & Walkusz, W. (2011) Shallow winter and summer macrofauna in a high Arctic fjord (79 ° N, Spitsbergen). Marine Biodiversity, 41, 425 - 439. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 010 - 0066 - 8" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Kedra
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079471FB5180854FA3FB747ED3" box="[1168,1222,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Canadian Arctic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B73429E49471FB5184FE4F86FE6A7EB7" author="Goldsmit" box="[235,472,188,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="61" refString="Goldsmit, J., Howland, K. L. & Archambault, P. (2014) Establishing a baseline for early detection of non-indigenous species in ports of the Canadian Arctic. Aquatic Invasions, 9 (3), 327 - 342. https: // doi. org / 10.3391 / ai. 2014.9.3.08" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Goldsmit
|
||
<emphasis id="E1D188079471FB5185494F87FE3F7EB6" box="[348,397,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="61">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |