353 lines
28 KiB
XML
353 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2019.585" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dca608e8-fccf-4c1c-b8df-ef0c28e1d518" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3660259" ID-ZooBank="181B6FBA-ED75-4BB4-84C4-FB512B794749" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="1" checkinTime="1581251975682" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L." docDate="2019" docId="18174D41FF26FF0AFD7599C34FF80973" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-585_ebersole_cicimurri_stinger.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 585" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="gen. indet. sp. indet. Berg 1958" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="166" masterDocId="E42E3539FF85FFAFFFC69F344D4B0F37" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="164" updateTime="1651295549433" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ebersole, Jun A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cicimurri, David J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2019-12-06</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>585</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>274</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2019.585</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">dca608e8-fccf-4c1c-b8df-ef0c28e1d518</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3660259</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">181B6FBA-ED75-4BB4-84C4-FB512B794749</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3664308" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3664308" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18174D41FF26FF0AFD7599C34FF80973" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18174D41FF26FF0AFD7599C34FF80973" lastPageId="165" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
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<subSubSection pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="163.[691,897,1783,1844]" box="[691,897,1783,1809]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
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||
<taxonomicName authority="Berg, 1958" authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1958" box="[691,892,1783,1809]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ariidae" genus="gen. indet." kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. indet.">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[691,823,1783,1809]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Gen. et sp.</emphasis>
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indet
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="163.[691,897,1783,1844]" box="[729,858,1818,1844]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
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||
<figureCitation box="[729,810,1818,1844]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="164.[189,232,1682,1708]" captionTargetBox="[206,1381,348,1631]" captionTargetId="figure@164.[189,1398,336,1648]" captionTargetPageId="164" captionText="Fig. 61. Osteoglossidae Bonaparte, 1832 and Ariidae Berg, 1958, elements. A–H. Osteoglossidae. A–B. Tooth, MSC 35778.1, lower Tallahatta Formation. A. Lingual view. B. Basal view. C–D. Tooth, MSC 38444, Tallahatta/Lisbon formation contact zone, courtesy of James Lowery. C. Lateral view. D. Basal view. E–F. Tooth, MSC 37515, basal Gosport Sand. E. Lingual view. F. Basal view. G–H. Tooth, MSC 37307.1, basal Lisbon Formation. G. Lingual view. H. Basal view. — I–Q. Ariidae. I–L. Pectoral spine, MSC 37122, Tallahatta/Lisbon formation contact zone, courtesy of Bruce Relihan. I. Anterior view. J. Posterior view. K. Lateral view. L. Transverse section. M–O. Pectoral spine, MSC 2398, Gosport Sand. M. Anterior view. N. Dorsal view. O. Posterior view. P–Q. Pectoral spine, MSC 37111, Tallahatta/Lisbon formation contact zone, courtesy of Bruce Relihan. P. Lateral view. Q. Posterior view. Scale bars: A–H=2 mm; I–Q=1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660377/files/figure.png" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
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I–Q
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="165" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph blockId="163.[189,426,1883,1909]" box="[189,426,1883,1909]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
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||
<heading bold="true" box="[189,426,1883,1909]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,426,1883,1909]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="163.[189,1399,1930,2028]" lastBlockId="165.[189,1399,267,406]" lastPageId="165" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1989-04-18" collectionCode="ALMNH, MMNS, MSC, WSU" country="United States of America" lastPageId="165" lastPageNumber="166" location="Claiborne Group" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="MSC 188.117, MSC 188.275, MSC 2398, MSC 37463.1, 5, MSC 38537.1, 9, MSC 38561.1, NJSM 24045, NJSM 24326, WSU 44, CC 461, CC 503" specimenCount="32" stateProvince="Alabama">
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<collectingCountry box="[189,620,1930,1957]" name="United States of America" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
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||
–
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[667,781,1930,1956]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
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||
<collectingRegion box="[667,781,1930,1956]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Alabama</collectingRegion>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
• 66 isolated teeth;
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18174D41FF26FF0AFD7599C34FF80973:9561AA8CFF26FF0CFBE298BE49B30893" box="[1060,1272,1930,1956]" country="United States of America" name="Claiborne Group" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" stateProvince="Alabama">Claiborne Group</location>
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||
;
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<collectionCode box="[1291,1399,1930,1956]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
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||
PV1989.4.105.1,
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<collectionCode box="[402,510,1966,1992]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
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||
PV
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||
<date box="[563,680,1966,1992]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" value="1989-04-18">
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||
<collectingDate box="[563,680,1966,1992]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" value="1989-04-18">1989.4.18</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
(
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||
<specimenCount box="[705,862,1965,1992]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
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||
),
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||
<collectionCode box="[889,997,1966,1992]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
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||
PV1989.4.185.2 (
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<specimenCount box="[1228,1386,1965,1992]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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),
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<collectionCode box="[189,297,2001,2027]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
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PV1989.4.84.2 (
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<specimenCount box="[495,643,2000,2028]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
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),
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<collectionCode box="[659,767,2001,2027]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
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PV1992.28.32 (
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<specimenCount box="[957,1106,2001,2028]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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),
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<collectionCode box="[1123,1231,2001,2027]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
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PV2016.4.38,
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||
<collectionCode box="[189,279,267,293]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MMNS</collectionCode>
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||
VP-5645,
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||
<collectionCode box="[413,503,267,293]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MMNS</collectionCode>
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VP-8225 (
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||
<specimenCount box="[638,791,267,294]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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),
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<collectionCode box="[814,904,267,293]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MMNS</collectionCode>
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||
VP-8236,
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<specimenCode box="[1038,1208,267,293]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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<collectionCode box="[1038,1100,267,293]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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188.117
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</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode box="[1223,1394,267,294]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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<collectionCode box="[1223,1285,267,293]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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188.275
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</specimenCode>
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||
,
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<specimenCode box="[189,320,305,331]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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||
<collectionCode box="[189,251,305,331]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
2398
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||
</specimenCode>
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||
,
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||
<accessionNumber box="[331,785,304,331]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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||
<collectionCode box="[331,393,305,331]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
37111,
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||
<collectionCode box="[486,548,305,331]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
37122,
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<collectionCode box="[643,705,305,331]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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37269
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||
</accessionNumber>
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||
(
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||
<specimenCount box="[802,952,304,332]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
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||
),
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||
<accessionNumber box="[971,1116,305,331]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/MSC37297" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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||
<collectionCode box="[971,1033,305,331]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37297
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||
</accessionNumber>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCode box="[1128,1296,304,331]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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||
<collectionCode box="[1128,1190,305,331]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
37463.1
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||
</specimenCode>
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||
–
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||
<specimenCode box="[1312,1325,304,331]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">5</specimenCode>
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||
,
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||
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/MSC38513" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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||
<collectionCode box="[1336,1398,305,331]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
38513
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||
</accessionNumber>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCode box="[279,449,342,369]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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||
<collectionCode box="[279,341,342,368]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
38537.1
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||
</specimenCode>
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||
–
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||
<specimenCode box="[465,479,342,369]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">9</specimenCode>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCode box="[492,659,342,369]" collectionCode="MSC" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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||
<collectionCode box="[492,554,342,368]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
38561.1
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||
</specimenCode>
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||
(
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||
<specimenCount box="[678,830,342,369]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
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||
),
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||
<accessionNumber isEnumeration="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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||
<collectionCode box="[851,913,342,368]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38786,
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||
<collectionCode box="[1013,1075,342,368]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
38792,
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||
<collectionCode box="[1175,1237,342,368]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38793,
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||
<collectionCode box="[1336,1398,342,368]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
38838,
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||
<collectionCode box="[276,338,379,405]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">MSC</collectionCode>
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||
38867
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</accessionNumber>
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||
(
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||
<specimenCount box="[434,583,379,406]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
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||
),
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||
<specimenCode box="[602,760,379,406]" collectionCode="NJSM" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fe4d-5yka" name="New Jersey State Museum" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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||
<collectionCode box="[602,677,379,405]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">NJSM</collectionCode>
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||
24045
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||
</specimenCode>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCode box="[771,929,379,405]" collectionCode="NJSM" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fe4d-5yka" name="New Jersey State Museum" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<collectionCode box="[771,846,379,405]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">NJSM</collectionCode>
|
||
24326
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||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
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||
<specimenCode box="[940,1043,379,405]" collectionCode="WSU" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1raa-g3is" name="Weber State University, Bird and Mammal Collection" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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||
<collectionCode box="[940,1005,379,405]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">WSU</collectionCode>
|
||
44
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||
</specimenCode>
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||
,
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||
<collectionCode box="[1054,1119,379,405]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1raa-g3is" name="Weber State University, Bird and Mammal Collection" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">WSU</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1126,1219,379,405]" collectionCode="WSU" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1raa-g3is" name="Weber State University, Bird and Mammal Collection" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">CC 461</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1229,1294,379,405]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1raa-g3is" name="Weber State University, Bird and Mammal Collection" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">WSU</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1301,1395,379,406]" collectionCode="WSU" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1raa-g3is" name="Weber State University, Bird and Mammal Collection" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">CC 503</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660377" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3660377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660377/files/figure.png" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" startId="164.[189,232,1682,1708]" targetBox="[206,1381,348,1631]" targetPageId="164">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="164.[189,1399,1682,2025]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,287,1682,1708]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Fig. 61.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Bonaparte, 1832" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1832" box="[299,689,1682,1709]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Osteoglossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Osteoglossidae Bonaparte, 1832</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Berg, 1958" authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1958" box="[755,993,1682,1709]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ariidae Berg, 1958</taxonomicName>
|
||
, elements.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1135,1194,1682,1708]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">A–H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1832" box="[1213,1395,1682,1708]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Osteoglossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osteoglossiformes" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Osteoglossidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,244,1717,1743]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">A–B</emphasis>
|
||
. Tooth,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[344,406,1717,1743]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
35778.1, lower Tallahatta Formation.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[862,883,1717,1743]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1070,1090,1718,1744]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1250,1307,1717,1743]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">C–D</emphasis>
|
||
. Tooth,
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||
<collectionCode box="[189,251,1753,1779]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
38444, Tallahatta/Lisbon formation contact zone, courtesy of James Lowery.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1202,1223,1752,1778]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,210,1788,1814]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[359,411,1788,1814]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">E–F</emphasis>
|
||
. Tooth,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[503,565,1788,1814]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37515, basal Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[890,910,1788,1814]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1084,1102,1788,1814]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1251,1311,1788,1814]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">G–H</emphasis>
|
||
. Tooth,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[189,251,1823,1849]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37307.1, basal Lisbon Formation.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[659,682,1823,1849]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[864,887,1823,1849]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal view. —
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1079,1128,1823,1849]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">I–Q</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1958" box="[1140,1232,1823,1849]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="164" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ariidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1242,1288,1823,1849]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">I–L</emphasis>
|
||
. Pectoral spine,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[268,330,1858,1884]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37122, Tallahatta/Lisbon formation contact zone, courtesy of Bruce Relihan.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1272,1283,1858,1884]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[264,279,1894,1920]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[491,514,1894,1920]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">K</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[703,723,1894,1920]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">L</emphasis>
|
||
. Transverse section.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[984,1049,1893,1919]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">M–O</emphasis>
|
||
. Pectoral spine,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1258,1320,1893,1919]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
2398, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[365,393,1929,1955]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">M</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[585,606,1929,1955]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">N</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[777,800,1928,1954]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">O</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[999,1054,1928,1954]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">P–Q</emphasis>
|
||
. Pectoral spine,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1250,1312,1929,1955]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37111, Tallahatta/Lisbon formation contact zone, courtesy of Bruce Relihan.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[998,1016,1964,1990]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">P</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1188,1211,1964,1990]" pageId="164" pageNumber="165">Q</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior view. Scale bars: A–H=2 mm; I–Q=1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="165.[189,334,446,472]" box="[189,334,446,472]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[189,334,446,472]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,334,446,472]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="165.[189,1399,495,745]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Fin spines dorsoventrally or mediolaterally compressed (depending on position), tapered distally, weakly convex proximodistally. Some specimens with rounded anterior margin, posterior margin rather flat, with shallow furrow; single row of basally directed denticles emanates from furrow; denticles decrease in size distally. Other specimens with single row of denticles on anterior and posterior edges; anterior margin denticles directed towards the distal tip, those on the posterior edge basally directed. Lateral surfaces bearing numerous irregular sub-parallel to parallel ridges (separated by narrow furrows) extending length of spine.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="165.[189,303,787,813]" box="[189,303,787,813]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[189,303,787,813]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,303,787,813]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="165.[189,1399,835,1160]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
|
||
Numerous Paleogene species of sea catfish, particularly
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[856,920,835,861]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ariidae" genus="Arius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[856,920,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Arius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, have been erected based on isolated fin spines, all of which are based on variations in spine base morphology, ornamentation, and the nature of the anterior and posterior denticulations (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Leriche M." box="[622,782,909,936]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="177 - 200" refId="ref144978" refString="Leriche M. 1922. Les poissons paleocenes et eocenes du Bassin de Paris (note additionnelle). Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France (Serie 4) 22: 177 - 200." type="journal article" year="1922">Leriche 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="White E. I." box="[792,933,909,936]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref153851" refString="White E. I. 1926. Eocene fishes from Nigeria. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Nigeria 10: 1 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / oxfordjournals. afraf. a 100500" type="journal article" year="1926">White 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is unclear if the varied morphologies present in our sample represent the numerous species that have been described, or variation in a more limited number of species. One Gosport specimen resembles spines of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1022,1242,984,1011]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ariidae" genus="Arius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heward-belli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1022,1242,984,1011]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Arius heward-belli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="White E. I." box="[189,351,1021,1048]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref153851" refString="White E. I. 1926. Eocene fishes from Nigeria. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Nigeria 10: 1 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / oxfordjournals. afraf. a 100500" type="journal article" year="1926">White (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but it is also similar to material identified by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Leriche M." box="[905,1081,1021,1048]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="177 - 200" refId="ref144978" refString="Leriche M. 1922. Les poissons paleocenes et eocenes du Bassin de Paris (note additionnelle). Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France (Serie 4) 22: 177 - 200." type="journal article" year="1922">Leriche (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as belonging to a juvenile individual of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[352,503,1059,1085]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ariidae" genus="Arius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dutemplei">
|
||
<emphasis box="[352,503,1059,1085]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">A. dutemplei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Compounding this issue, denticles are known to occur on spines of other taxa of sea catfish like
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[464,535,1097,1122]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ariidae" genus="Bagre" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[464,535,1097,1122]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Bagre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., and we therefore choose to limit the taxonomic identification of the Claiborne Group specimens to the familial level until more complete material is recovered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="165.[189,1399,1201,1376]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
|
||
Numerous other teleost fin spines were identified within the Claiborne sample we examined, but these differ from those of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1958" box="[472,560,1238,1264]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ariidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having smooth dorsal and ventral surfaces. The posterior margin on these spines bear a deep V-shaped groove, the anterior and posterior margins lack denticles, and the spine base is yoke-shaped (indicating they are dorsal spines). These spines have been assigned by other researchers to indeterminate percomorph fish (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Weems R." box="[775,929,1350,1376]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="53 - 100" refId="ref153448" refString="Weems R. 1999. Actinopterygian fishes from the Fisher / Sullivan Site. In: Weems R. & Grimsley G. (eds) Early Eocene vertebrates and plants from The Fisher / Sullivan Site (Nanjemoy Formation) Stafford County, Virginia. Virginia Division of Mineral Resources Publication 152: 53 - 100." type="journal article" year="1999">Weems 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but we identify them only as Teleostei.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="165.[189,788,1417,1444]" box="[189,788,1417,1444]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[189,788,1417,1444]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,788,1417,1444]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
|
||
Stratigraphic and geographic range in
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[674,788,1417,1443]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="165.[189,1399,1466,1604]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
|
||
The specimens in our sample were collected from the contact of the Tallahatta and
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1155,1236,1466,1492]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
|
||
formations at sites ACh-14 and ACov-11, the basal
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[629,710,1503,1529]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
|
||
Formation at site ACov-11, the “upper”
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1188,1269,1503,1529]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
|
||
Formation at site ACh-8, the basal Gosport Sand at site ACl-4, and the Gosport Sand at site ACh-21. Lower Lutetian to middle Bartonian, zones NP14 to NP17.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |