778 lines
85 KiB
XML
778 lines
85 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="67C3EA714F2E01EBA5338AD118B0E576">The immature stages of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) nodosum (Johannsen) and Polypedilum (Tripodura) masudai (Tokunaga) (Diptera, Chironomidae, Chironominae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F6739E78836E5E79B06AFAE3C0204B7B">Tang, Hong-Qu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="736CF1EC1C25BD25454EDB6B76FF7AB8">Cranston, Peter S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ED905BD16C895B2A26010B8A8D58C4F5">Zhao, Jian-Gang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="53229AB4BD1F9E004B75DFCB7DA722E3">Lok, Chan-Wa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DA847199A5DB926A024564DDCE68C6FA">Li, Zhi-Qiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="913E7B4FE2A3ED6CF0B755D487AE2867">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0288710AFE354BEE4C96CA54E3700445">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B092302DDE537A8092AE4636A548D0AF">3893</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0741E5556D07FFE5FF5EFE17FE67F985" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6488232" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119597267" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6488232" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0741E5556D07FFE5FF5EFE17FE67F985" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0741E5556D07FFE5FF5EFE17FE67F985" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="423" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
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<subSubSection id="C7F207C86D07FFE0FF5EFE17FEF8FE05" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF5EFE17FCA2FE64" blockId="2.[151,848,404,463]" box="[151,848,404,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
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<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D07FFE0FF5EFE17FCA2FE64" authority="Johannsen, 1932" authorityName="Johannsen" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,848,404,430]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum" subGenus="Pentapedilum">
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<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FF5EFE17FCA2FE64" bold="true" box="[151,848,404,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FF5EFE17FEDCFE64" bold="true" box="[151,302,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Polypedilum</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FEF6FE17FE14FE64" bold="true" box="[319,486,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Pentapedilum</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FE31FE17FD95FE64" bold="true" box="[504,615,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">nodosum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D07FFE0FDBFFE17FCBAFE64" author="Johannsen" box="[630,840,404,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1932) Chironomidae of the Malayan subregion of the Dutch East Indies. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, 11, 503 - 552." type="journal article" year="1932">Johannsen, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF5EFE35FEF8FE05" blockId="2.[151,848,404,463]" box="[151,266,438,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
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(
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<figureCitation id="17D348C66D07FFE0FF56FE35FEF3FE05" box="[159,257,438,463]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1554,1576]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1442,1464]" captionTargetBox-0="[179,1413,237,1419]" captionTargetBox-1="[224,1326,567,1856]" captionTargetBox-2="[180,1381,219,1385]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[173,1413,195,1530]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[210,1376,535,1946]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[171,1430,175,1438]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Larva of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Anterior frontoclypeus. B. Antenna. C. Mandible. D. Mentum (scale: A 50 µm, B – C 25 µm, D 30 µm)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Pupa of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Frontal apotome. B. Thorax. C – D. Tergites I – VIII (scale: A 50 µm, B 200 µm, C – D 100 µm)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Pupa of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Spinulation of tergite II (another specimen). B – C. Variation spinulation of tergite VI. D. Segment VIII and anal lobe (scale: D 50 µm, others 100 µm)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/227712/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/227713/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/227714/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D07FFE0FF5EFE7DFD99FDDE" ID-CoL="76MSY" authority="Johannsen, 1932: 541" authorityName="Johannsen" authorityPageNumber="541" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,619,510,532]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pentapedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
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<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FF5EFE7DFE74FDDE" box="[151,390,510,532]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Pentapedilum nodosum</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0E4972526D07FFE0FE45FE7DFD99FDDE" author="Johannsen" box="[396,619,510,532]" page="541" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" year="1932">
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<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D07FFE0FE45FE7DFDCAFDDE" author="Johannsen" box="[396,568,510,532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1932) Chironomidae of the Malayan subregion of the Dutch East Indies. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, 11, 503 - 552." type="journal article" year="1932">Johannsen, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 541
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0E4972526D07FFE0FDBCFE7DFC53FDDE" author="Sasa" box="[629,929,510,532]" page="325" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" year="1983">
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<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D07FFE0FDBCFE7DFC9CFDDE" author="Sasa" box="[629,878,510,532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" refString="Sasa, M. & Hasegawa, H. (1983) Chironomid midges of the tribe Chironomini collected from sewage ditches, eutrophicated ponds, and some clean streams in the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan. Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology, 34, 305 - 341." type="journal article" year="1983">Sasa & Hasegawa, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 325
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0E4972526D07FFE0FC62FE7DFB5BFDDE" author="Sasa" box="[939,1193,510,532]" page="75" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D07FFE0FC62FE7DFB76FDDE" author="Sasa" box="[939,1156,510,532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" refString="Sasa, M. & Suzuki, H. (2002) Studies on the species of family Chironomidae (Diptera) collected on Minamidaito Island, Okinawa, South Japan. Part 1. Tropical Medicine, 43, 61 - 92." type="journal article" year="2002">Sasa & Suzuki, 2002</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 75
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D07FFE0FF5EFD9EFCF1FDF9" authority="Tokunaga, 1964: 597" authorityName="Tokunaga" authorityPageNumber="597" authorityYear="1964" box="[151,771,541,563]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum" subGenus="Pentapedilum">
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<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FF5EFD9EFEE5FDF9" box="[151,279,541,563]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Polypedilum</emphasis>
|
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(
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FEECFD9EFE43FDF9" box="[293,433,541,563]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Pentapedilum</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FE08FD9EFDEEFDF9" box="[449,540,541,563]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">nodosum</emphasis>
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:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0E4972526D07FFE0FDE3FD9EFCF1FDF9" author="Tokunaga" box="[554,771,541,563]" page="597" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" year="1964">
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<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D07FFE0FDE3FD9EFD22FDF9" author="Tokunaga" box="[554,720,541,563]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" refString="Tokunaga, M. (1964) Insect of Micronesia (Diptera, Chironomidae). Insect of Micronesia, 12, 485 - 628." type="journal article" year="1964">Tokunaga, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 597
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0E4972526D07FFE0FCC4FD9EFBD6FDF9" author="Oyewo" box="[781,1060,541,563]" page="49" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D07FFE0FCC4FD9EFC0CFDF9" author="Oyewo" box="[781,1022,541,563]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" refString="Oyewo, E. A. & Saether, O. A. (2008) Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa, 1953, 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="2008">Oyewo & Saether, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 49
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0E4972526D07FFE0FBE6FD9DFACCFDF9" author="Yamamoto" box="[1071,1342,541,563]" page="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" year="2012">
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<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D07FFE0FBE6FD9DFAEBFDF9" author="Yamamoto" box="[1071,1305,541,563]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" refString="Yamamoto, N., Hirowatari, T. & Yamamoto, M. (2012) The subgenus Pentapedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) in the Yaeyama Islands, the Ryukyus, Japan. Zootaxa, 3191, 33 - 40." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Yamamoto
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FB6AFD9DFB24FDF9" box="[1187,1238,541,563]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 38
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D07FFE0FF5EFDBFFE48FD98" ID-CoL="63MXN" authority="(Pentapedilum)" baseAuthorityName="Pentapedilum" box="[151,442,572,594]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FF5EFDBFFEE5FD98" box="[151,279,572,594]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Polypedilum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FEECFDBFFE43FD98" box="[293,433,572,594]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Pentapedilum</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
‘K1’;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D07FFE0FE37FDBFFD69FD98" author="Cranston" box="[510,667,572,594]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" refString="Cranston, P. S. (1996) Identification guide to the Chironomidae of New South Wales. Australian Water Technologies Pty Ltd, West Ryde, NSW. AWT Identification Guide, 1, 1 - 376." type="journal article" year="1996">Cranston, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D07FFE0FD6CFDBFFD29FD98" author="Cranston" box="[677,731,572,594]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" refString="Cranston, P. S. (2007) The Chironomidae larvae associated with the tsunami-impacted waterbodies of the coastal plain of southwestern Thailand. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum, 55, 231 - 244." type="journal article" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D07FFE0FD2CFDBFFBE5FD98" author="Cranston" box="[741,1047,572,594]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" refString="Cranston, P. S. & Dimitriadis, S. (2004) The Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae of Atherton Tableland Lakes, north Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 49 (2), 573 - 588." type="journal article" year="2004">Cranston & Dimitriadis, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C7F207C86D07FFE1FF5EFDFDFC90FF32" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF5EFDFDFE14FCC9" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FF5EFDFDFE72FD5D" bold="true" box="[151,384,638,663]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Material examined.</emphasis>
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||
Le/Pe/♂,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D07FFE0FE38FDFCFDB2FD5C" box="[497,576,639,662]" name="Macao" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Macau</collectingCountry>
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||
, the Bay of St. Lazarus, near Taipa Houses Museum,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FB5BFDFCFAE3FD5D" box="[1170,1297,638,663]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="2013-02-27">27. ii. 2013</date>
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||
(emerged
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FA4EFDFCFF0BFD71" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="2013-03-03">3. iii. 2013</date>
|
||
), other 20Pe in alcohol bottles (H.Q. Tang); 10Pe in alcohol bottles, the same place as above,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FAD2FD21FA65FD71" box="[1307,1431,674,699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="2013-01-16">16. i. 2013</date>
|
||
; 3 P♂ and 4L, other 60L in alcohol bottle, same locality,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FCC0FD44FC7CFD15" box="[777,910,710,735]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="2013-09-24">24. ix. 2013</date>
|
||
(H.Q. Tang); 2L,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D07FFE0FB91FD44FB55FD14" box="[1112,1191,711,734]" name="Macao" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Macau</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Tapai Grande,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FA9FFD44FF3DFCC9" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="2013-06-12">12. vi. 2013</date>
|
||
(H.Q. Tang) (all
|
||
<collectionCode id="E9F9CC866D07FFE0FE58FD68FE29FCC9" box="[401,475,747,771]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">EJNU</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EFC8DFACFFC81" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FF0EFC8DFDA4FCED" bold="true" box="[199,598,782,807]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Additional examined material.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="5053EAE16D07FFE0FDA4FC8DFD27FCED" box="[621,725,782,807]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
♂, slide mounted,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D07FFE0FC26FC8DFA6AFCED" authority="Johannsen" authorityName="Johannsen" box="[1007,1432,782,807]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pentapedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FC26FC8DFAFAFCED" box="[1007,1288,782,807]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Pentapedilum nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
Johannsen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D07FFE0FF5EFCB0FEC6FC81" box="[151,308,819,843]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: East Java, Klakah, Lake Lamongan,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FD10FCB1FCA4FC81" box="[729,854,818,843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="2012-10">October 12</date>
|
||
(coll. Thienemann Sunda Exped) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="E9F9CC866D07FFE0FB17FCB0FAC7FC81" box="[1246,1333,819,843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EFCD4FAF3FBE9" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D07FFE0FF0EFCD4FE9BFCA5" box="[199,361,855,879]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EE9FCA6D07FFE0FEBAFCD4FE58FCA5" box="[371,426,855,879]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" type="generic">14L.</specimenCount>
|
||
, Queensland, Atkinson Dam, artificial stream,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FC71FCD5FBE2FCA5" box="[952,1040,854,879]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="-27.1">27°06'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FBDFFCD5FB72FCA5" box="[1046,1152,854,879]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="152.45">152°27'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FB42FCD5FAF7FCA5" box="[1163,1285,854,879]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="1991-08-08">8.viii.1991</date>
|
||
(J. McLean); Northern Territory, Kakadu N.P., Le/P♀ Magela Ck., Oenepelli Crossing,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FBCEFCF8FBACFC59" box="[1031,1118,891,915]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="-12.566667">12°34'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FBA2FCF9FB27FC59" box="[1131,1237,890,915]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="132.88333">132°53'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FB2FFCF9FAAEFC59" box="[1254,1372,890,915]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="1989-04-12">12.iv.1989</date>
|
||
(P.S. Cranston);
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EE9FCA6D07FFE0FEE8FC1CFEB4FC7D" box="[289,326,927,951]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" type="generic">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, nr Jabiru, Gulungul Ck.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FDB1FC1CFD22FC7D" box="[632,720,927,951]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="-12.65">12°39'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FD13FC1DFCB1FC7D" box="[730,835,926,951]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="132.88333">132°53'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FC9BFC1DFC35FC7D" box="[850,967,926,951]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="1989-04-11">11.iv.1989</date>
|
||
(P.S. Cranston); ♂, Magela Ck., Ranger outflow,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FF33FC40FEA0FC11" box="[250,338,963,987]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="-12.666667">12°40'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FE91FC41FE30FC11" box="[344,450,962,987]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="132.93333">132°56'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FE04FC41FDD8FC11" box="[461,554,962,987]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="1989-01-05">5.i.1989</date>
|
||
(P. Dostine); ♂, Ranger retention pond #1,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FBD9FC40FBDFFC11" box="[1040,1069,963,987]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="-12.683333">12</geoCoordinate>
|
||
°41'S
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FBA7FC41FB2AFC11" box="[1134,1240,962,987]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="132.91667">132°55'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FB23FC41FA90FC11" box="[1258,1378,962,987]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="1988-06-31">31.vi.1988</date>
|
||
(P.S. Cranston); 4Pe, Yellow Waters,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FDD0FC65FD83FC35" box="[537,625,998,1023]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="-12.9">12°54'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FDB5FC64FD14FC35" box="[636,742,999,1023]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="132.53334">132°32'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FD3FFC64FC95FC35" box="[758,871,999,1023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="1988-05-30">30.v.1988</date>
|
||
; ♂, east branch West Alligator R.,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FAC3FC65FA86FC35" box="[1290,1396,998,1023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="1989-06-02">2.vi.1989</date>
|
||
(P. Dostine); ♂,
|
||
<quantity id="4810F9A66D07FFE0FEE0FB89FEA9FBE9" box="[297,347,1034,1059]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" unit="km" value="5.0">5km</quantity>
|
||
NNW of Cahill’s Crossing, East Alligator R.,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FCACFB89FC3CFBE9" box="[869,974,1034,1059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="1973-06-08">8.vi.1973</date>
|
||
(D.H. Colless) (all
|
||
<collectionCode id="E9F9CC866D07FFE0FB62FB88FB07FBE9" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" box="[1195,1269,1035,1059]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">ANIC</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EFBACFD42FBA1" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<bibRef id="5648C0B56D07FFE0FF0EFBACFD42FBA1" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" type="book chapter">
|
||
<author id="5755BCA66D07FFE0FF0EFBACFE74FB8C" box="[199,390,1071,1095]" fns="I" npo="LF" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D07FFE0FF0EFBACFE95FB8D" box="[199,359,1071,1095]" name="Singapore" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
|
||
, L
|
||
</author>
|
||
, Murai Reservoir,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FD92FBADFD3DFB8D" box="[603,719,1070,1095]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="15" value="1.3983333">1°23'54''N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FD11FBACFC95FB8D" box="[728,871,1071,1095]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="15" value="103.67027">103°40'13''E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, colonisation tray, x.
|
||
<year id="FB4015106D07FFE0FB99FBACFB79FB8D" box="[1104,1163,1071,1095]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">2008</year>
|
||
(‘
|
||
<title id="FDECBF756D07FFE0FB68FBACFAD9FB8D" box="[1185,1323,1071,1095]" jopScore="0.14433813" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" type="_" typeScore="35">NUS team’</title>
|
||
); ♂,
|
||
<journalOrPublisher id="55295E8F6D07FFE0FAADFBACFE68FBA1" jopScore="0.541268" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" type="_" typeScore="35">NUS campus outside lab, xii</journalOrPublisher>
|
||
.
|
||
<pagination id="B621AAB76D07FFE0FE54FBD1FE2AFBA1" box="[413,472,1106,1131]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" type="pagination">2012</pagination>
|
||
(Yuchen) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="E9F9CC866D07FFE0FD9DFBD0FD5AFBA1" box="[596,680,1107,1131]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/phd9-bbbi" name="Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">RMBR</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRef>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EFBF4FB0AFB31" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D07FFE0FF0EFBF4FEAEFB45" box="[199,348,1143,1167]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
: L, Phang
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D07FFE0FE2BFBF4FDE1FB45" box="[482,531,1143,1167]" name="Russia" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Nga</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Amphur Khura Buri, Aow Keuy Beach, pond @5 Masl.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FB1AFBF4FAC2FB45" box="[1235,1328,1143,1167]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="9.3">09°18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FAF5FBF4FA6AFB45" box="[1340,1432,1143,1167]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="98.36667">98°22'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FF5EFB19FF07FB79" box="[151,245,1178,1203]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="2006-01-03">3.i.2006</date>
|
||
, L-878; L, same except
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FDCCFB19FD80FB79" box="[517,626,1178,1203]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="2006-06-07">7.vi.2006</date>
|
||
, L-924; L, Ban Nam Ken pond,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FC24FB19FBB8FB79" box="[1005,1098,1178,1203]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="8.85">08°51'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FB98FB19FB58FB79" box="[1105,1194,1178,1203]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="98.25">98°15'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
12 masl,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FAD1FB19FA84FB79" box="[1304,1398,1178,1203]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="2006-01-04">4.i.2006</date>
|
||
, L- 882; Amphur Takua Pa, Tumbonbang Muang, L, Ranong, Laem Son N.P., pond nr HQ, 6 Masl.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FB11FB3DFAC7FB1D" box="[1240,1333,1214,1239]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="9.6">09°36'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EADC32846D07FFE0FAF5FB3CFA65FB1D" box="[1340,1431,1215,1239]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" precision="925" value="98.46667">98°28'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FF5EFB61FEE0FB31" box="[151,274,1250,1275]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="2005-08-02">2.viii.2005</date>
|
||
, L-837; L, same except
|
||
<date id="FB5672836D07FFE0FDE8FB61FD72FB31" box="[545,640,1250,1275]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" value="2006-01-03">3.i.2006</date>
|
||
, L-875. All collected by Sites & Vitheepradit (
|
||
<collectionCode id="E9F9CC866D07FFE0FB5BFB60FB1EFB31" box="[1170,1260,1251,1275]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tnte-jvvg" name="University of Missouri, Museum of Zoology" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">UMOC</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EFA85FECAFA89" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FF0EFA85FEACFAD5" bold="true" box="[199,350,1286,1311]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Larva (n=5).</emphasis>
|
||
Head capsule yellow, with dark brown mental teeth and mandible teeth. Occipital margin yellow to pale brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EFACDFEA9FA41" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
Dorsal surface of head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D348C66D07FFE0FE18FACDFDE2FAAD" box="[465,528,1358,1383]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1554,1576]" captionTargetBox="[179,1413,237,1419]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1413,195,1530]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Larva of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Anterior frontoclypeus. B. Antenna. C. Mandible. D. Mentum (scale: A 50 µm, B – C 25 µm, D 30 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227712/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Frontoclypeus present, anteriorly broadened, with a very narrow hyaline strip of 3–5 µm width.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EFA14FB47FA19" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D348C66D07FFE0FEFFFA15FE85FA65" box="[310,375,1430,1455]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1554,1576]" captionTargetBox="[179,1413,237,1419]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1413,195,1530]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Larva of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Anterior frontoclypeus. B. Antenna. C. Mandible. D. Mentum (scale: A 50 µm, B – C 25 µm, D 30 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227712/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B) yellow, with reduced third segment and fourth segment about 2 times as long as third, the fifth segment subequal or longer than third, blade extending beyond the terminal of flagellum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EFA5DFC41F9D1" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Labrum. SI and SII plumose on both sides. Pecten epipharyngis with 3 scales, the lateral with 4 teeth and the median with 3 teeth. Premandible with 2 apical teeth and 1 inner tooth.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EF9A5FD18F9A9" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
Mandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D348C66D07FFE0FE8AF9A5FE70F9F5" box="[323,386,1574,1599]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1554,1576]" captionTargetBox="[179,1413,237,1419]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1413,195,1530]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Larva of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Anterior frontoclypeus. B. Antenna. C. Mandible. D. Mentum (scale: A 50 µm, B – C 25 µm, D 30 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227712/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C) with 1 apical, 1 dorsal and 3 distinct inner teeth. Mola area pale yellow. Seta subdentalis reaching the apical part of most proximal inner teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EF9ECFAA3F961" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
Mentum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D348C66D07FFE0FEF7F9EDFE77F94D" box="[318,389,1646,1671]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1554,1576]" captionTargetBox="[179,1413,237,1419]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[173,1413,195,1530]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Larva of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Anterior frontoclypeus. B. Antenna. C. Mandible. D. Mentum (scale: A 50 µm, B – C 25 µm, D 30 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227712/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D) with two median teeth, first lateral mental teeth depressed to medians. Width of ventromentum less than the mentum, with the medially-directed pointed apex or slightly anteriorly directed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EF935FCBDF939" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
Body. Anterior claws pale golden, and posterior claws a little brown, both simple and dense. Procercus and apical setae yellowish brown. Mensural features as in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C26A61F86D07FFE0FD3CF959FCBAF939" box="[757,840,1754,1779]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,299,322]" captionTargetBox="[159,1072,351,1487]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Mensural features of P. nodosum and P. masudai larvae. Abbreviations as in text." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DB9704CB6D06FFE1FF5EFEA8FB83FE88" pageId="2" pageNumber="418" tableUuid="DB9704CB6D06FFE1FF5EFEA8FB83FE88">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE0FF0EF97DFB8FF8F1" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D07FFE0FF0EF97DFEADF8DD" bold="true" box="[199,351,1790,1815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Pupa (n=8).</emphasis>
|
||
Exuviae yellow, apophyses brown. Cephalic tubercles absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D348C66D07FFE0FB49F97DFB3DF8DD" box="[1152,1231,1790,1815]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[224,1326,567,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[210,1376,535,1946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pupa of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Frontal apotome. B. Thorax. C – D. Tergites I – VIII (scale: A 50 µm, B 200 µm, C – D 100 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227713/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Thorax with conspicuously large granules near suture. Apex of wing pad with obvious nose (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D348C66D07FFE0FBD1F8A1FBAEF8F1" box="[1048,1116,1826,1851]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[224,1326,567,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[210,1376,535,1946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pupa of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Frontal apotome. B. Thorax. C – D. Tergites I – VIII (scale: A 50 µm, B 200 µm, C – D 100 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227713/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D07FFE1FF0EF8C5FC90FF32" blockId="2.[151,1437,638,2031]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="419" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">
|
||
Length of hook row II 0.36–0.50, 0.42 times width of corresponding tergite. Tergites as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D348C66D07FFE0FB0BF8C5FAF6F895" box="[1218,1284,1862,1887]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[224,1326,567,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[210,1376,535,1946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Pupa of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Frontal apotome. B. Thorax. C – D. Tergites I – VIII (scale: A 50 µm, B 200 µm, C – D 100 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227713/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C & D, II–VI with obvious anterior transverse bands of spinules stronger than those of median and posterior patches. Median and posterior patch of tergites III–VI consist of 4 separated sub-patches. Median patch of tergite VII absent, only one trans-anterior band and 2 posterior bands remain. Tergite VIII without trace of spinulation. Median patch usually reduced on tergite II and VI (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D348C66D07FFE0FE10F855FDE8F825" box="[473,538,2006,2031]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1442,1464]" captionTargetBox="[180,1381,219,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[171,1430,175,1438]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pupa of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Spinulation of tergite II (another specimen). B – C. Variation spinulation of tergite VI. D. Segment VIII and anal lobe (scale: D 50 µm, others 100 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227714/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="418">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B & C), and sometimes two sub-median patches fused in the middle of tergite III–V. Conjunctives present in tergite III/IV and IV/V, with points about the same size as the points of those of the anterior transverse bands. Comb of segment VIII composed of 3–4 slender small teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D348C66D06FFE1FBA3FF3FFB5FFF1E" box="[1130,1197,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1442,1464]" captionTargetBox="[180,1381,219,1385]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[171,1430,175,1438]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pupa of Polypedilum nodosum (Johannsen, 1932). A. Spinulation of tergite II (another specimen). B – C. Variation spinulation of tergite VI. D. Segment VIII and anal lobe (scale: D 50 µm, others 100 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227714/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Lateral taeniae of segments IV–VIII: 0, 3, 3, 4, 4. Mensural features as in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C26A61F86D06FFE1FCC1FF5CFCACFF32" box="[776,862,223,248]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,239,1556,1579]" captionTargetBox="[159,1117,1607,1959]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 2. Mensural features of P. nodosum and P. masudai pupae. Abbreviations as in text." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DB9704CB6D06FFE1FF5EF997FB9DF9E1" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" tableUuid="DB9704CB6D06FFE1FF5EF997FB9DF9E1">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DB9704CB6D06FFE1FF5EFEA8FB83FE88" ID-Table-UUID="DB9704CB6D06FFE1FF5EFEA8FB83FE88" box="[151,1137,299,322]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DB9704CB6D06FFE1FF5EFEA8FB83FE88" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" targetBox="[159,1072,351,1487]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D06FFE1FF5EFEA8FB83FE88" blockId="3.[151,1137,299,322]" box="[151,1137,299,322]" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D06FFE1FF5EFEA8FEF8FE88" bold="true" box="[151,266,299,322]" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Mensural features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D06FFE1FE3DFEA8FD9FFE88" box="[500,621,299,322]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pentapedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D06FFE1FE3DFEA8FD9FFE88" box="[500,621,299,322]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">P. nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D06FFE1FD6BFEA8FCE4FE88" box="[674,790,299,322]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masudai">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D06FFE1FD6BFEA8FCE4FE88" box="[674,790,299,322]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">P. masudai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae. Abbreviations as in text.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D06FFE1FE63FEDCFC08FA05" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<table id="FDE8A6E36D06001DFF56FEDCFBC2FA05" box="[159,1072,351,1487]" gridcols="3" gridrows="27" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FEDCFBC2FEBE" box="[159,1072,351,372]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FEDCFDA0FEBE" box="[426,594,351,372]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D06FFE1FE63FEDCFDE5FEBE" box="[426,535,351,372]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pentapedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D06FFE1FE63FEDCFDE5FEBE" box="[426,535,351,372]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">P. nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFEDCFBC2FEBE" box="[886,1072,351,372]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D06FFE1FCBFFEDCFC2DFEBE" box="[886,991,351,372]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masudai">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D06FFE1FCBFFEDCFC2DFEBE" box="[886,991,351,372]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">P. masudai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FE08FBC2FE6B" box="[159,1072,395,417]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FE08FEF3FE6B" box="[159,257,395,417]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">n</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FE08FDA0FE6B" box="[426,594,395,417]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">5</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFE08FBC2FE6B" box="[886,1072,395,417]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FE35FBC2FE06" box="[159,1072,438,460]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FE35FEF3FE06" box="[159,257,438,460]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">B.l.</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FE35FDA0FE06" box="[426,594,438,460]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">3.70–4.10, 3.87</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFE35FBC2FE06" box="[886,1072,438,460]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">4.85–5.60, 5.16</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FE62FBC2FE3D" box="[159,1072,481,503]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FE62FEF3FE3D" box="[159,257,481,503]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">H.I.</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FE62FDA0FE3D" box="[426,594,481,503]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">355–365, 357</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFE62FBC2FE3D" box="[886,1072,481,503]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">300–345, 325</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FD8FFBC2FDE8" box="[159,1072,524,546]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FD8FFEF3FDE8" box="[159,257,524,546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">PM</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FD8FFDA0FDE8" box="[426,594,524,546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">142.5–150, 147.5</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFD8FFBC2FDE8" box="[886,1072,524,546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">120.0–150.0, 131.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FDB5FBC2FD86" box="[159,1072,566,588]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FDB5FEF3FD86" box="[159,257,566,588]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">SSm-SSm</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FDB5FDA0FD86" box="[426,594,566,588]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">62.5–70.0, 65.8</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFDB5FBC2FD86" box="[886,1072,566,588]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">55.0–70.0, 61.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FDE2FBC2FDBD" box="[159,1072,609,631]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FDE2FEF3FDBD" box="[159,257,609,631]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">HCR</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FDE2FDA0FDBD" box="[426,594,609,631]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">2.14–2.40, 2.25</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFDE2FBC2FDBD" box="[886,1072,609,631]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">2.08–2.18, 2.14.</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FD0FFBC2FD68" box="[159,1072,652,674]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FD0FFEF3FD68" box="[159,257,652,674]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">Ant 1</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FD0FFDA0FD68" box="[426,594,652,674]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">48.0–52.5, 50.3</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFD0FFBC2FD68" box="[886,1072,652,674]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">42.5–55.0, 49.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FD34FBC2FD07" box="[159,1072,695,717]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FD34FEF3FD07" box="[159,257,695,717]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">Ant 2</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FD34FDA0FD07" box="[426,594,695,717]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">15.0–17.5, 15.6</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFD34FBC2FD07" box="[886,1072,695,717]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">16.5–22.5, 19.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FD61FBC2FD32" box="[159,1072,738,760]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FD61FEF3FD32" box="[159,257,738,760]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">Ant 3</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FD61FDA0FD32" box="[426,594,738,760]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">3.0–5.0, 4.5</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFD61FBC2FD32" box="[886,1072,738,760]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">2.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FC8FFBC2FCE8" box="[159,1072,780,802]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FC8FFEF3FCE8" box="[159,257,780,802]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">Ant 4</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FC8FFDA0FCE8" box="[426,594,780,802]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">8.8–10.0, 9.4</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFC8FFBC2FCE8" box="[886,1072,780,802]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">12.5–15.0, 13.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FCB4FBC2FC87" box="[159,1072,823,845]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FCB4FEF3FC87" box="[159,257,823,845]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">Ant 5</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FCB4FDA0FC87" box="[426,594,823,845]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">5.0</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFCB4FBC2FC87" box="[886,1072,823,845]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">3.0–3.5, 3.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FCE1FBC2FCB2" box="[159,1072,866,888]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FCE1FEF3FCB2" box="[159,257,866,888]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">AR</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FCE1FDA0FCB2" box="[426,594,866,888]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">1.06–1.25, 1.15</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFCE1FBC2FCB2" box="[886,1072,866,888]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">1.10–1.33, 1.20</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FC0EFBC2FC69" box="[159,1072,909,931]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FC0EFEF3FC69" box="[159,257,909,931]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">A1R</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FC0EFDA0FC69" box="[426,594,909,931]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">3.3–4.0, 3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFC0EFBC2FC69" box="[886,1072,909,931]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">2.75–3.00, 2.86</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FC3BFBC2FC04" box="[159,1072,952,974]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FC3BFEF3FC04" box="[159,257,952,974]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">ROR</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FC3BFDA0FC04" box="[426,594,952,974]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">0.15–0.17, 0.16</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFC3BFBC2FC04" box="[886,1072,952,974]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">0.33</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FC60FBC2FC33" box="[159,1072,995,1017]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FC60FEF3FC33" box="[159,257,995,1017]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">Bl</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FC60FDA0FC33" box="[426,594,995,1017]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">45–50, 47.5</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFC60FBC2FC33" box="[886,1072,995,1017]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">50.0–60.0, 57.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FB8EFBC2FBE9" box="[159,1072,1037,1059]" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FB8EFEF3FBE9" box="[159,257,1037,1059]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">BlR</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FB8EFDA0FBE9" box="[426,594,1037,1059]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">1.13–1.67, 1.33</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFB8EFBC2FBE9" box="[886,1072,1037,1059]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">1.25–1.48, 1.39</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FBBBFBC2FB84" box="[159,1072,1080,1102]" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FBBBFEF3FB84" box="[159,257,1080,1102]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">Pmd</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FBBBFDA0FB84" box="[426,594,1080,1102]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">50.0–65.0, 57.5</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFBBBFBC2FB84" box="[886,1072,1080,1102]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">65.0–75, 69.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FBE0FBC2FBB3" box="[159,1072,1123,1145]" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FBE0FEF3FBB3" box="[159,257,1123,1145]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">Md</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FBE0FDA0FBB3" box="[426,594,1123,1145]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">100–120, 115</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFBE0FBC2FBB3" box="[886,1072,1123,1145]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">90.5–105.0, 98</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FB0DFBC2FB6E" box="[159,1072,1166,1188]" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FB0DFEF3FB6E" box="[159,257,1166,1188]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">M.w.</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FB0DFDA0FB6E" box="[426,594,1166,1188]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">75.0–87.5, 83.5</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFB0DFBC2FB6E" box="[886,1072,1166,1188]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">82.5–100.5, 90.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FB3BFBC2FB04" box="[159,1072,1208,1230]" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FB3BFEF3FB04" box="[159,257,1208,1230]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">Mmw</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FB3BFDA0FB04" box="[426,594,1208,1230]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">12.5–15.0, 14.2</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFB3BFBC2FB04" box="[886,1072,1208,1230]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">17.5–18.0, 17.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FB60FBC2FB33" box="[159,1072,1251,1273]" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FB60FEF3FB33" box="[159,257,1251,1273]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">V.w.</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FB60FDA0FB33" box="[426,594,1251,1273]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">65.0–67.5, 66.1</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFB60FBC2FB33" box="[886,1072,1251,1273]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">107.5–130.0, 116.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FA8DFBC2FAEE" box="[159,1072,1294,1316]" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FA8DFEF3FAEE" box="[159,257,1294,1316]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">VmPR</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FA8DFDA0FAEE" box="[426,594,1294,1316]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">2.17–2.25, 2.19</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFA8DFBC2FAEE" box="[886,1072,1294,1316]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">1.25–1.30, 1.28</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FABAFBC2FA85" box="[159,1072,1337,1359]" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FABAFEF3FA85" box="[159,257,1337,1359]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">IPD</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FABAFDA0FA85" box="[426,594,1337,1359]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">42.5–50.0, 45.8</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFABAFBC2FA85" box="[886,1072,1337,1359]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">17.5–20.0, 18.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FAE7FBC2FAB0" box="[159,1072,1380,1402]" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FAE7FEF3FAB0" box="[159,257,1380,1402]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">Striae</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FAE7FDA0FAB0" box="[426,594,1380,1402]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">22–26, 24</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFAE7FBC2FAB0" box="[886,1072,1380,1402]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">ca. 40</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FA0DFBC2FA6E" box="[159,1072,1422,1444]" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FA0DFEF3FA6E" box="[159,257,1422,1444]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">AS</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FA0DFDA0FA6E" box="[426,594,1422,1444]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">350–420, 390</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFA0DFBC2FA6E" box="[886,1072,1422,1444]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">350–420, 380</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56FA3AFBC2FA05" box="[159,1072,1465,1487]" gridrow="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56FA3AFEF3FA05" box="[159,257,1465,1487]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">SAS</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE63FA3AFDA0FA05" box="[426,594,1465,1487]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">180–220, 205</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFCBFFA3AFBC2FA05" box="[886,1072,1465,1487]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">200–240, 220</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DB9704CB6D06FFE1FF5EF997FB9DF9E1" ID-Table-UUID="DB9704CB6D06FFE1FF5EF997FB9DF9E1" box="[151,1135,1556,1579]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DB9704CB6D06FFE1FF5EF997FB9DF9E1" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" targetBox="[159,1117,1607,1959]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D06FFE1FF5EF997FB9DF9E1" blockId="3.[151,1135,1556,1579]" box="[151,1135,1556,1579]" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D06FFE1FF5EF997FEFBF9E1" bold="true" box="[151,265,1556,1579]" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Mensural features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D06FFE1FE3DF997FD9FF9E1" box="[500,621,1556,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pentapedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D06FFE1FE3DF997FD9FF9E1" box="[500,621,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">P. nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D06FFE1FD6BF997FCE4F9E1" box="[674,790,1556,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masudai">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D06FFE1FD6BF997FCE4F9E1" box="[674,790,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">P. masudai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pupae. Abbreviations as in text.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D06FFE1FE11F9CBFBAFF86D" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<table id="FDE8A6E36D06001DFF56F9C4FBAFF86D" box="[159,1117,1607,1959]" gridcols="3" gridrows="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56F9C4FBAFF997" box="[159,1117,1607,1629]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFE11F9C4FD84F997" box="[472,630,1607,1629]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D06FFE1FE11F9CBFDBEF997" box="[472,588,1607,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pentapedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D06FFE1FE11F9CBFDBEF997" box="[472,588,1607,1629]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">P. nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFC76F9C4FBAFF997" box="[959,1117,1607,1629]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D06FFE1FC76F9CBFBDFF997" box="[959,1069,1607,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="419" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masudai">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D06FFE1FC76F9CBFBDFF997" box="[959,1069,1607,1629]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">P. masudai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56F9F3FBAFF94C" box="[159,1117,1648,1670]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56F9F3FF35F94C" box="[159,199,1648,1670]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">n</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE11F9F3FD84F94C" box="[472,630,1648,1670]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">8</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFC76F9F3FBAFF94C" box="[959,1117,1648,1670]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56F91AFBAFF965" box="[159,1117,1689,1711]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56F91AFF35F965" box="[159,199,1689,1711]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">t.l.</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE11F91AFD84F965" box="[472,630,1689,1711]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">2.80–3.30, 3.05</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFC76F91AFBAFF965" box="[959,1117,1689,1711]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">4.05–4.50, 4.28</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56F940FBAFF913" box="[159,1117,1731,1753]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56F940FF35F913" box="[159,199,1731,1753]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">b.l.</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE11F940FD84F913" box="[472,630,1731,1753]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">1.95–2.70, 2.26</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFC76F940FBAFF913" box="[959,1117,1731,1753]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">2.75–4.35, 3.60</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56F96FFBAFF8C8" box="[159,1117,1772,1794]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56F96FFF35F8C8" box="[159,199,1772,1794]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">fs.l.</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE11F96FFD84F8C8" box="[472,630,1772,1794]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">42.5–50.0, 46.4</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFC76F96FFBAFF8C8" box="[959,1117,1772,1794]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">55–80, 65</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56F896FBAFF8E1" box="[159,1117,1813,1835]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56F896FF35F8E1" box="[159,199,1813,1835]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">hk.</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE11F896FD84F8E1" box="[472,630,1813,1835]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">32–42, 36</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFC76F896FBAFF8E1" box="[959,1117,1813,1835]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">60–80, 68</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56F8BCFBAFF89F" box="[159,1117,1855,1877]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56F8BCFF35F89F" box="[159,199,1855,1877]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">hr.l.</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE11F8BCFD84F89F" box="[472,630,1855,1877]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">160–200, 175</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFC76F8BCFBAFF89F" box="[959,1117,1855,1877]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">260–410, 332</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56F8EBFBAFF8B4" box="[159,1117,1896,1918]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56F8EBFF35F8B4" box="[159,199,1896,1918]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">a.l.</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE11F8EBFD84F8B4" box="[472,630,1896,1918]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">24–30, 27</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFC76F8EBFBAFF8B4" box="[959,1117,1896,1918]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">26–42, 33</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="31D856016D06001DFF56F812FBAFF86D" box="[159,1117,1937,1959]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">
|
||
<th id="72093F7D6D06001DFF56F812FF35F86D" box="[159,199,1937,1959]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">a.l.r</th>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFE11F812FD84F86D" box="[472,630,1937,1959]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">1.25–2.14, 1.80</td>
|
||
<td id="72093F7D6D06001DFC76F812FBAFF86D" box="[959,1117,1937,1959]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="419">1.67–1.90, 1.78</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DB9704CB6D01FFE6FF5EF991FD7DF98D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227712/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" targetBox="[179,1413,237,1419]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D01FFE6FF5EF991FD7DF98D" blockId="4.[151,1436,1554,1607]" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FF5EF991FEE5F9ED" bold="true" box="[151,279,1554,1576]" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D01FFE6FE4EF991FCCBF9E2" authority="Johannsen, 1932" authorityName="Johannsen" authorityYear="1932" box="[391,825,1554,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FE4EF991FD9CF9E2" box="[391,622,1554,1576]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">Polypedilum nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
(Johannsen, 1932)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. Anterior frontoclypeus. B. Antenna. C. Mandible. D. Mentum (scale: A 50 µm, B–C 25 µm, D 30 µm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C7F207C86D01FFE4FF0EF9EDFCDBF868" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="422" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D01FFE7FF0EF9EDFB9AFE3F" blockId="4.[151,1437,1646,2034]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,501]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="421" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FF0EF9EDFEC9F94D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1646,1671]" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D01FFE6FE70F9ECFDC9F94D" box="[441,571,1646,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FE70F9ECFDC9F94D" box="[441,571,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">P. nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D01FFE6FC8EF9ECFC10F94D" box="[839,994,1646,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultellatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FC8EF9ECFC10F94D" box="[839,994,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">P. cultellatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the shape of the mentum and in the distinct antennal blade extending beyond the apex of the flagellum. These two species live together in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D01FFE6FA99F910FA6EF960" box="[1360,1436,1683,1706]" name="Macao" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">Macau</collectingCountry>
|
||
ponds, but the latter appears to differ clearly in antennal and mandibular features, with antennal segment 3 distinctly more than half the length of the 4th segment and with 2 inner mandible teeth, in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D01FFE6FAD3F95DFA6EF93C" box="[1306,1436,1757,1782]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FAD3F95DFA6EF93C" box="[1306,1436,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">P. nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
segment 3 which is about half the length of the fourth segment, and the mandible has distinctly 3 inner teeth. The less developed third antennal segment (relative to the fourth segment, not reduced as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D01FFE6FBB4F8A6FB1DF8F4" box="[1149,1263,1829,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tripodura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FBB4F8A6FB1DF8F4" box="[1149,1263,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">Tripodura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) also occurs in some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D01FFE6FE86F8CAFE14F8A8" box="[335,486,1865,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Uresipedilum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FE86F8CAFE14F8A8" box="[335,486,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">Uresipedilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D01FFE6FDE5F8C9FCCAF8A8" authority="Townes 1945" authorityName="Townes" authorityYear="1945" box="[556,824,1865,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aviceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FDE5F8C9FD6EF8AB" box="[556,668,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">P. aviceps</emphasis>
|
||
Townes 1945
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D01FFE6FCA7F8C9FAB6F8A8" authority="(Johannsen 1905)) (Epler 2001)" authorityName="(Johannsen 1905)) (Epler" authorityYear="2001" box="[878,1348,1865,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FCA7F8C9FC24F8A8" box="[878,982,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">P. flavum</emphasis>
|
||
(Johannsen 1905)) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D01FFE6FB73F8CAFACEF8A8" author="Epler" box="[1210,1340,1865,1890]" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" refString="Epler, J. (2001) Identification Manual for the larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of North and South Carolina. A guide to the taxonomy of the midges of the southeastern United States, including Florida. Special Publication SJ 2001 - SP 13. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC, and St. Johns River Water Management District, Palatka, Florida, 526 pp." type="book" year="2001">Epler 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the latter differ significantly in well-developed ventromentum posterior lobes. We noted some characters in dorsal sclerites, such as frontoclypeus with a distinct anterior hyaline band and the S3 insertion to the posterior of lateral lobes, which resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D01FFE6FE65F834FCCAF804" authority="Cranston 2000" authorityName="Cranston" authorityYear="2000" box="[428,824,1973,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australotropicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FE65F834FD71F804" box="[428,643,1973,1998]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">P. australotropicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D01FFE6FD44F835FCCAF804" author="Cranston" box="[653,824,1974,1998]" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" refString="Cranston, P. S. (2000) Three new species of Chironomidae (Diptera) from the Australian Wet Tropics. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 46 (1), 107 - 127." type="journal article" year="2000">Cranston 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the latter appears to differ clearly in the mental teeth, with protruding median teeth and well separated 1st laterals. In contrast in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D01FFE6FBF9F859FB40F838" box="[1072,1202,2009,2034]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D01FFE6FBF9F859FB40F838" box="[1072,1202,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="420">P. nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the median teeth of the mentum are constricted basally, with small 1st laterals appressed to the medians. Among all described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D00FFE7FF5EFF3FFED7FF1F" box="[151,293,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D00FFE7FF5EFF3FFED7FF1F" box="[151,293,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">Polypedilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae, this is one of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D00FFE7FD8AFF3FFD22FF1F" box="[579,720,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D00FFE7FD8AFF3FFD22FF1F" box="[579,720,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">Polypedilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larva that can be identified with confidence – it is the only one with 3 clear inner mandibular teeth, plus the interesting arrangement of the median and first lateral teeth. The three well-developed complete mandibular inner teeth with the presence of dorsal teeth is totally different from most with 2 inner teeth plus a dark-brown mola area, except few head capsules in subfossil
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D00FFE7FB4BFEAAFF2AFEAE" authority="Meigen 1804" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1804" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubeculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D00FFE7FB4BFEAAFAC6FE8A" box="[1154,1332,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">P. nubeculosum</emphasis>
|
||
(Meigen 1804)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D00FFE7FED9FECEFE6DFEAE" box="[272,415,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">P. u nc i na t u m</emphasis>
|
||
(Goetghebuer 1921) with developing 3 inner mandible teeth which perhaps represents the eroding mola area. (H.Q. Tang
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D00FFE7FE3CFEF2FDD7FE42" box="[501,549,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">pers</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D00FFE7FDFDFEECFDA8FE42" box="[564,602,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">obs</emphasis>
|
||
.). Such a characteristic is unique in this genus. The depressed first mental laterals to medians also seems to be unique in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D00FFE7FD7AFE17FCB2FE67" box="[691,832,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D00FFE7FD7AFE17FCB2FE67" box="[691,832,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">Polypedilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a similar arrangement can be found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D00FFE7FADAFE17FA6EFE67" box="[1299,1436,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D00FFE7FADAFE17FA6EFE67" box="[1299,1436,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">Chironomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="5053EAE16D00FFE7FF52FE3BFF22FE1A" box="[155,208,440,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">type</typeStatus>
|
||
I’ for central mental teeth (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D00FFE7FDC7FE34FCF7FE1A" author="Webb" box="[526,773,439,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="421" refString="Webb, C. J. & Scholl, A. (1985) Identification of larvae of European species of Chironomus Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae) by morphological characters. Systematic Entomology, 10, 353 - 372. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1985. tb 00143. x" type="journal article" year="1985">Webb & Scholl 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D00FFE7FCABFE34FC1DFE1A" box="[866,1007,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D00FFE7FCABFE34FC1DFE1A" box="[866,1007,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">Polypedilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species may have basally constricted median teeth, but the first laterals are relatively independent, not appressed to medians.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DB9704CB6D00FFE7FF5EF81DFE1EF819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227713/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="421" targetBox="[224,1326,567,1856]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D00FFE7FF5EF81DFE1EF819" blockId="5.[151,1435,1950,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D00FFE7FF5EF81DFEE1F87E" bold="true" box="[151,275,1950,1972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D00FFE7FEA7F81DFCE6F87E" authority="Johannsen, 1932" authorityName="Johannsen" authorityYear="1932" box="[366,788,1950,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D00FFE7FEA7F81DFDA3F87E" box="[366,593,1950,1972]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="421">Polypedilum nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
(Johannsen, 1932)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. Frontal apotome. B. Thorax. C–D. Tergites I–VIII (scale: A 50 µm, B 200 µm, C–D 100 µm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DB9704CB6D03FFE4FF5EFA21FBD7FA1D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227714/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" targetBox="[180,1381,219,1385]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D03FFE4FF5EFA21FBD7FA1D" blockId="6.[151,1436,1442,1495]" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FF5EFA21FEE1FA7D" bold="true" box="[151,275,1442,1464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D03FFE4FEA6FA21FCE6FA72" authority="Johannsen, 1932" authorityName="Johannsen" authorityYear="1932" box="[367,788,1442,1464]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FEA6FA21FDA2FA72" box="[367,592,1442,1464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">Polypedilum nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
(Johannsen, 1932)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. Spinulation of tergite II (another specimen). B–C. Variation spinulation of tergite VI. D. Segment VIII and anal lobe (scale: D 50 µm, others 100 µm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D03FFE4FF0EFA7DFEDCF925" blockId="6.[151,1436,1534,1955]" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">
|
||
The pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D03FFE4FE91FA7CFE2BF9DD" box="[344,473,1534,1559]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FE91FA7CFE2BF9DD" box="[344,473,1534,1559]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">P. nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles that of many members of subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D03FFE4FC26FA7DFB78F9DD" box="[1007,1162,1534,1559]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pentapedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FC26FA7DFB78F9DD" box="[1007,1162,1534,1559]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">Pentapedilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with dominant anterior transverse bands and a prominent hook row. In the key of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D03FFE4FCECF9A0FBA4F9F1" author="Oyewo" box="[805,1110,1570,1595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" refString="Oyewo, E. A. & Saether, O. A. (2008) Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa, 1953, 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="2008">Oyewo and Saether (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D03FFE4FB21F9A0FA9BF9F1" box="[1256,1385,1570,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FB21F9A0FA9BF9F1" box="[1256,1385,1570,1595]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">P. nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
will key to
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FF2BF9C4FEC0F994" box="[226,306,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">P. (Pe.)</emphasis>
|
||
K1 Cranston if the spinulation of tergite II is ignored or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D03FFE4FC65F9C4FB8EF994" box="[940,1148,1607,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Pentapedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uncinatum" subGenus="Pe.">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FC65F9C4FB8EF994" box="[940,1148,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">P. (Pe.) uncinatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
if not considering tergite VII, but this can be separated from the above two taxa by the tergite VII with anterior and paired posterior patches spinules, and a wing pad with a distinct nose. The occurrence of a nose on the wing pad, seemingly unique in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D03FFE4FF5EF931FED6F901" box="[151,292,1714,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FF5EF931FED6F901" box="[151,292,1714,1739]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">Polypedilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, usually is a typical feature to distinguish many
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D03FFE4FCBAF931FC02F901" box="[883,1008,1714,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tanytarsini">Tanytarsini</taxonomicName>
|
||
from others, and seldom is seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D03FFE4FF5EF955FED8F925" box="[151,298,1750,1775]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Chironomini">Chironomini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D03FFE4FF0EF978FCDBF868" blockId="6.[151,1436,1534,1955]" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D03FFE4FF0EF978FE8CF8D9" author="Cranston" box="[199,382,1786,1811]" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" refString="Cranston, P. S. (1996) Identification guide to the Chironomidae of New South Wales. Australian Water Technologies Pty Ltd, West Ryde, NSW. AWT Identification Guide, 1, 1 - 376." type="journal article" year="1996">Cranston (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FE33F978FDB8F8D8" box="[506,586,1787,1810]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">P. (P e.)</emphasis>
|
||
K1, noting only a small difference from our present description, including the median spinulation of tergite II and tergite VIII.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7929B26D03FFE4FD17F89CFBF9F8FD" author="Oyewo" box="[734,1035,1822,1847]" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" refString="Oyewo, E. A. & Saether, O. A. (2008) Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa, 1953, 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="2008">Oyewo and Saether (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also suspected
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FB70F89CFAFAF8FC" box="[1209,1288,1823,1846]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">P. (P e.)</emphasis>
|
||
K1 to be the true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D03FFE4FF02F8C0FEBCF891" box="[203,334,1858,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FF02F8C0FEBCF891" box="[203,334,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">P. nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. After having reexamined the original material, it appeared that the tergite VIII is bare, with no trace of any anteromedian patch of spinules (P.S. Cranston
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FCE5F8E4FCAEF8B4" box="[812,860,1895,1918]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">pers</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FCA3F8E5FC62F8B5" box="[874,912,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">obs</emphasis>
|
||
.). Thus we concluded that all those previously described as
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FEEEF808FE85F868" box="[295,375,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">P. (P e.)</emphasis>
|
||
K1 should be assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D03FFE4FD6BF808FCD0F869" box="[674,802,1930,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D03FFE4FD6BF808FCD0F869" box="[674,802,1930,1955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="422">P. nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DB9704CB6D02FFE5FF5EFA56FB8CFA20" box="[151,1150,1492,1515]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227715/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="423" targetBox="[292,1338,186,1491]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D02FFE5FF5EFA56FB8CFA20" blockId="7.[151,1150,1492,1515]" box="[151,1150,1492,1515]" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D02FFE5FF5EFA56FEE0FA20" bold="true" box="[151,274,1493,1515]" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Head capsule of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E82FC06D02FFE5FE0BFA57FCB8FA20" authority="Tokunaga, 1938" authorityName="Tokunaga" authorityYear="1938" box="[450,842,1492,1514]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masudai">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D02FFE5FE0BFA57FD6CFA20" box="[450,670,1492,1514]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">Polypedilum masudai</emphasis>
|
||
Tokunaga, 1938
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ventral view (scale: 100 µm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C7F207C86D02FFE5FF0EF991FE67F985" pageId="7" pageNumber="423" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5754436D02FFE5FF0EF991FE67F985" blockId="7.[151,1436,1554,1615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9C88516D02FFE5FF0EF991FE92F9E1" bold="true" box="[199,352,1554,1579]" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D02FFE5FEA0F991FE24F9E1" box="[361,470,1554,1579]" name="Indonesia" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Sumatra),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D02FFE5FD97F991FD6DF9E1" box="[606,671,1554,1579]" name="Palau" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">Palau</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D02FFE5FD65F991FC9DF9E1" box="[684,879,1554,1579]" name="Northern Mariana Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">Marianas Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Caroline
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D02FFE5FC2CF991FBDEF9E1" box="[997,1068,1554,1579]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D02FFE5FBF3F991FB56F9E1" box="[1082,1188,1554,1579]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D02FFE5FB79F991FAD7F9E1" box="[1200,1317,1554,1579]" name="Singapore" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D02FFE5FAF8F991FA65F9E1" box="[1329,1431,1554,1579]" name="Thailand" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D02FFE5FF5EF9B4FF28F984" box="[151,218,1591,1614]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D02FFE5FF2CF9B5FEDAF985" box="[229,296,1590,1615]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FF14D36D02FFE5FEFFF9B4FE7AF985" box="[310,392,1591,1615]" name="Macao" pageId="7" pageNumber="423">Macau</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |