339 lines
30 KiB
XML
339 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088" ID-GBIF-Dataset="73d871f4-d7f0-4025-bb6b-a66267d35f5d" ID-PMC="PMC7481265" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-72-17" ID-Pensoft-UUID="01902A0E499A548EB5C4BC142E09EC3C" ID-PubMed="32963487" ModsDocID="1314-4049-72-17" checkinTime="1599126136814" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kuephadungphan, Wilawan, Tasanathai, Kanoksri, Petcharad, Booppa, Khonsanit, Artit, Stadler, Marc & Luangsa-ard, J. Jennifer" docDate="2020" docId="9B6A9DAA741F5609B789ADAE8F27A665" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 72: 17-42" docOrigin="MycoKeys 72" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088" docTitle="Gibellula scorpioides Tasanathai, Khonsanit, Kuephadungphan & Luangsa-ard 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="01902A0E499A548EB5C4BC142E09EC3C" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="01902A0E499A548EB5C4BC142E09EC3C" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny- and morphology-based recognition of new species in the spider-parasitic genus Gibellula (Hypocreales, Cordycipitaceae) from Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1668136530359" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Phylogeny- and morphology-based recognition of new species in the spider-parasitic genus Gibellula (Hypocreales, Cordycipitaceae) from Thailand</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Kuephadungphan, Wilawan</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Tasanathai, Kanoksri</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Petcharad, Booppa</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120 Thailand</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Khonsanit, Artit</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Stadler, Marc</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7284-8671</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Luangsa-ard, J. Jennifer</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jajen@biotec.or.th</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>72</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>17</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>42</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-72-17</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">01902A0E499A548EB5C4BC142E09EC3C</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="167465798" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B6A9DAA741F5609B789ADAE8F27A665" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B6A9DAA741F5609B789ADAE8F27A665" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="9B6A9DAA-741F-5609-B789-ADAE8F27A665" authority="Tasanathai, Khonsanit, Kuephadungphan & Luangsa-ard" authorityName="Tasanathai, Khonsanit, Kuephadungphan & Luangsa-ard" authorityYear="2020" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Gibellula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gibellula scorpioides" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="scorpioides" status="sp. nov.">Gibellula scorpioides Tasanathai, Khonsanit, Kuephadungphan & Luangsa-ard</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="17">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Gibellula scorpioides a fungus on a spider (BBH 29669) b fungus on a spider (BBH 31439) c perithecia (BBH 31439) d conidiophores arising on synnema (BBH 29669) e penicillate conidiophore (BBH 29669) f conidia (BBH 29669) g asci (BBH 31439) h ascus with apical apparatus (BBH 31439) i ascospores (BBH 31439) j penicillate conidiophore produced on PDA k conidia on PDA l colonies obverse and reverse on PDA at 25 ° C after 4 months. Scale bars: 500 μm (c); 50 μm (d, g); 20 μm (e, h-j); 10 μm (f, k)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448319" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="typification">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Typification.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima, Khao Yai National Park, Mo Sing To Nature Trail, 14°711'N, 101°421'E; on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Portia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Portia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. attached to the underside of unidentified dicot leaf; 1 June 2011; K. Tasanathai, P. Srikitikulchai, S. Mongkolsamrit, A. Khonsanit, K. Sansatchanon, W. Noisripoom (Holotype no. BBH 31439, ex-type culture no. BCC 47975, isolated from ascospores and BCC 47976, isolated from conidia) GenBank (BCC 47976): ITS = MT477078, LSU = MT477066,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">TEF1</emphasis>
|
||
= MT503335,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">RPB1</emphasis>
|
||
= MT503325,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">RPB2</emphasis>
|
||
= MT503339.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Refers to the outer appearance of the fungus resembling the posture of a scorpion.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
||
White to grayish- or brownish-white mycelial mat velvety, completely covering the spider host, firmly attaching the underside of living leaf by the mycelia covering its legs (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Gibellula scorpioides a fungus on a spider (BBH 29669) b fungus on a spider (BBH 31439) c perithecia (BBH 31439) d conidiophores arising on synnema (BBH 29669) e penicillate conidiophore (BBH 29669) f conidia (BBH 29669) g asci (BBH 31439) h ascus with apical apparatus (BBH 31439) i ascospores (BBH 31439) j penicillate conidiophore produced on PDA k conidia on PDA l colonies obverse and reverse on PDA at 25 ° C after 4 months. Scale bars: 500 μm (c); 50 μm (d, g); 20 μm (e, h-j); 10 μm (f, k)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448319" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">5a, b</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Synnema</emphasis>
|
||
solitary, arising from the posterior of the host abdomen, cylindrical, consisting of a compact bundle of parallel hyphae, 15-20 mm long with blunt tip.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Conidiophores</emphasis>
|
||
arising laterally from synnema, stout, smooth, mostly biverticillate, 20-29(-30)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Gibellula scorpioides a fungus on a spider (BBH 29669) b fungus on a spider (BBH 31439) c perithecia (BBH 31439) d conidiophores arising on synnema (BBH 29669) e penicillate conidiophore (BBH 29669) f conidia (BBH 29669) g asci (BBH 31439) h ascus with apical apparatus (BBH 31439) i ascospores (BBH 31439) j penicillate conidiophore produced on PDA k conidia on PDA l colonies obverse and reverse on PDA at 25 ° C after 4 months. Scale bars: 500 μm (c); 50 μm (d, g); 20 μm (e, h-j); 10 μm (f, k)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448319" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">5d</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Vesicles</emphasis>
|
||
absent or hardly developed, bearing multiple metulae.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Metulae" lsidName="Metulae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Metulae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
obovoid, slightly broadening toward the base, (7-)9.5-12.5(-15)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2-)3-5(-7)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Gibellula scorpioides a fungus on a spider (BBH 29669) b fungus on a spider (BBH 31439) c perithecia (BBH 31439) d conidiophores arising on synnema (BBH 29669) e penicillate conidiophore (BBH 29669) f conidia (BBH 29669) g asci (BBH 31439) h ascus with apical apparatus (BBH 31439) i ascospores (BBH 31439) j penicillate conidiophore produced on PDA k conidia on PDA l colonies obverse and reverse on PDA at 25 ° C after 4 months. Scale bars: 500 μm (c); 50 μm (d, g); 20 μm (e, h-j); 10 μm (f, k)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448319" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">5e</figureCitation>
|
||
). A number of phialides borne on each metula, broadly cylindrical, abruptly tapering toward the apex, forming thickened distinct short neck, (9-)10-12.5(-14)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2-)2.5-3.5(-4)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, each bearing a conidium (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Gibellula scorpioides a fungus on a spider (BBH 29669) b fungus on a spider (BBH 31439) c perithecia (BBH 31439) d conidiophores arising on synnema (BBH 29669) e penicillate conidiophore (BBH 29669) f conidia (BBH 29669) g asci (BBH 31439) h ascus with apical apparatus (BBH 31439) i ascospores (BBH 31439) j penicillate conidiophore produced on PDA k conidia on PDA l colonies obverse and reverse on PDA at 25 ° C after 4 months. Scale bars: 500 μm (c); 50 μm (d, g); 20 μm (e, h-j); 10 μm (f, k)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448319" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">5e</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Conidia</emphasis>
|
||
fusiform, 5-7(-9)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1.5-)2-3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Gibellula scorpioides a fungus on a spider (BBH 29669) b fungus on a spider (BBH 31439) c perithecia (BBH 31439) d conidiophores arising on synnema (BBH 29669) e penicillate conidiophore (BBH 29669) f conidia (BBH 29669) g asci (BBH 31439) h ascus with apical apparatus (BBH 31439) i ascospores (BBH 31439) j penicillate conidiophore produced on PDA k conidia on PDA l colonies obverse and reverse on PDA at 25 ° C after 4 months. Scale bars: 500 μm (c); 50 μm (d, g); 20 μm (e, h-j); 10 μm (f, k)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448319" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">5f</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sexual morph occasionally present.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Perithecia</emphasis>
|
||
occurring on the mycelial mat covering the host legs, occasionally on synnema particularly at base, superficial, mostly arranged in groups, ovoid, reddish yellow or light honey-brown, one-third immersed in the loose network of mycelia, 750-836(-870)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
310-361(-380)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Gibellula scorpioides a fungus on a spider (BBH 29669) b fungus on a spider (BBH 31439) c perithecia (BBH 31439) d conidiophores arising on synnema (BBH 29669) e penicillate conidiophore (BBH 29669) f conidia (BBH 29669) g asci (BBH 31439) h ascus with apical apparatus (BBH 31439) i ascospores (BBH 31439) j penicillate conidiophore produced on PDA k conidia on PDA l colonies obverse and reverse on PDA at 25 ° C after 4 months. Scale bars: 500 μm (c); 50 μm (d, g); 20 μm (e, h-j); 10 μm (f, k)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448319" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">5c</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Asci</emphasis>
|
||
over 550
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in length, (3-)4-5.5(-7)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in width, ascus tip (4-)4.5-5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3-3.5(-4)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Gibellula scorpioides a fungus on a spider (BBH 29669) b fungus on a spider (BBH 31439) c perithecia (BBH 31439) d conidiophores arising on synnema (BBH 29669) e penicillate conidiophore (BBH 29669) f conidia (BBH 29669) g asci (BBH 31439) h ascus with apical apparatus (BBH 31439) i ascospores (BBH 31439) j penicillate conidiophore produced on PDA k conidia on PDA l colonies obverse and reverse on PDA at 25 ° C after 4 months. Scale bars: 500 μm (c); 50 μm (d, g); 20 μm (e, h-j); 10 μm (f, k)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448319" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">5g, h</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Ascospores</emphasis>
|
||
often breaking into part-spores.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Part-spores</emphasis>
|
||
bacilliform, (9-)10-15(-22)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.5-2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Gibellula scorpioides a fungus on a spider (BBH 29669) b fungus on a spider (BBH 31439) c perithecia (BBH 31439) d conidiophores arising on synnema (BBH 29669) e penicillate conidiophore (BBH 29669) f conidia (BBH 29669) g asci (BBH 31439) h ascus with apical apparatus (BBH 31439) i ascospores (BBH 31439) j penicillate conidiophore produced on PDA k conidia on PDA l colonies obverse and reverse on PDA at 25 ° C after 4 months. Scale bars: 500 μm (c); 50 μm (d, g); 20 μm (e, h-j); 10 μm (f, k)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448319" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">5i</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="G.S.de Hoog & R.A.Samson" authorityYear="1978" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Granulomanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Granulomanus" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Granulomanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like asexual morph absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448319" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tasanathai, Khonsanit, Kuephadungphan & Luangsa-ard" authorityYear="2020" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Gibellula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Gibellula scorpioides" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="scorpioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Gibellula scorpioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">a</emphasis>
|
||
fungus on a spider (BBH 29669)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">b</emphasis>
|
||
fungus on a spider (BBH 31439)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">c</emphasis>
|
||
perithecia (BBH 31439)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">d</emphasis>
|
||
conidiophores arising on synnema (BBH 29669)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">e</emphasis>
|
||
penicillate conidiophore (BBH 29669)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">f</emphasis>
|
||
conidia (BBH 29669)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">g</emphasis>
|
||
asci (BBH 31439)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">h</emphasis>
|
||
ascus with apical apparatus (BBH 31439)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">i</emphasis>
|
||
ascospores (BBH 31439)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">j</emphasis>
|
||
penicillate conidiophore produced on PDA
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">k</emphasis>
|
||
conidia on PDA
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">l</emphasis>
|
||
colonies obverse and reverse on PDA at 25 °C after 4 months. Scale bars: 500
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">c</emphasis>
|
||
); 50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">d, g</emphasis>
|
||
); 20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">e, h-j</emphasis>
|
||
); 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">f, k</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Culture characteristics.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Colonies derived from conidia, on PDA slow-growing, attaining a diam of 1.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.1 cm in 4 weeks at 25 °C, floccose, forming irregular margin, white, reverse cream, darkening toward center with age (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Gibellula scorpioides a fungus on a spider (BBH 29669) b fungus on a spider (BBH 31439) c perithecia (BBH 31439) d conidiophores arising on synnema (BBH 29669) e penicillate conidiophore (BBH 29669) f conidia (BBH 29669) g asci (BBH 31439) h ascus with apical apparatus (BBH 31439) i ascospores (BBH 31439) j penicillate conidiophore produced on PDA k conidia on PDA l colonies obverse and reverse on PDA at 25 ° C after 4 months. Scale bars: 500 μm (c); 50 μm (d, g); 20 μm (e, h-j); 10 μm (f, k)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.72.55088.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448319" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">5l</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sporulation occurring after 3-4 months with the absence of synnema, forming a group of conidiophores, grey and scatter.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Conidiophores</emphasis>
|
||
biverticillate.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Vesicles</emphasis>
|
||
absent or hardly developed.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Metulae" lsidName="Metulae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Metulae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
obovoid, (10-)11-14.5(-16)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3-5.5(-7)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, each bearing cylindrical
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">phialides</emphasis>
|
||
, (10-)11.5-14(-16)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3-4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Conidia</emphasis>
|
||
fusiform, 5-6(-7)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3-3.5(-4)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Additional specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
Thailand, Chumphon, Phato District, Phato Watershed Conservation and Management Unit; 9°784'N, 98°699'E; on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Portia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Portia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., underside of unidentified dicot leaf; 10 March 2011; K. Tasanathai, P. Srikitikulchai, A. Khonsanit, K. Sansatchanon, D. Thanakitpipattana (BBH 30499, BCC 47530). Nakhon Ratchasima, Khao Yai National Park, Mo Sing To Nature Trail; 14°711'N, 101°421'E; on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Portia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Portia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., underside of unidentified dicot leaf; 1 June 2011; K. Tasanathai, P. Srikitikulchai, S. Mongkolsamrit, A. Khonsanit, K. Sansatchanon, W. Noisripoom (BBH 29669, BCC 43298).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
|
||
The morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. scorpioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="scorpioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">G. scorpioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appeared to be very close to
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="var. clavulifera" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Gibellula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="G clavulifera subsp. var. var. clavulifera" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="variety" species="clavulifera" subSpecies="var." variety="clavulifera">G clavulifera var. clavulifera</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Samson, RA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen: Series C" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" pagination="128 - 134" refId="B74" refString="Samson, RA, Evans, HC, 1977. Notes on entomogenous fungi from Ghana IV. The genera Paecilomyces and Nomuraea. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen: Series C 80: 128 - 134" title="Notes on entomogenous fungi from Ghana IV. The genera Paecilomyces and Nomuraea." volume="80" year="1977">Samson and Evans 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Gibellula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="G clavulifera subsp. var. var. major" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="variety" species="clavulifera" subSpecies="var." variety="major">G clavulifera var. major</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1997.12026787" author="Tzean, SS" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" pagination="309 - 318" refId="B90" refString="Tzean, SS, Hsieh, LS, Wu, WJ, 1997. The genus Gibellula on spiders from Taiwan. Mycologia 89: 309 - 318, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1997.12026787" title="The genus Gibellula on spiders from Taiwan." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1997.12026787" volume="89" year="1997">Tzean et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Humber & Rombach" authorityYear="1987" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Gibellula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="G clavulifera subsp. var. var. alba" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="variety" species="clavulifera" subSpecies="var." variety="alba">G clavulifera var. alba</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1987.12025393" author="Humber, RA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" refId="B29" refString="Humber, RA, Rombach, MC, 1987. Torrubiellaratticaudata sp. nov. (Pyrenomycetes: Clavicipitales) and other fungi from spiders on the Solomon Islands. Mycologia 79: 375-382. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1987.12025393" title="Torrubiellaratticaudata sp. nov. (Pyrenomycetes: Clavicipitales) and other fungi from spiders on the Solomon Islands. Mycologia 79: 375 - 382." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1987.12025393" year="1987">Humber and Rombach 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The penicillate conidiophores were largely absent from the whip-like stroma in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Humber & Rombach" authorityYear="1987" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Gibellula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="G clavulifera subsp. var. var. alba" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="variety" species="clavulifera" subSpecies="var." variety="alba">G clavulifera var. alba</taxonomicName>
|
||
but distinctly present on a synnema of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. scorpioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="scorpioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">G. scorpioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based on a comparison of microscopic characteristics among
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. scorpioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="scorpioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">G. scorpioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, varieties
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="clavulifera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="clavulifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">clavulifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="major" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">major</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="alba" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">alba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the latter three were found to produce much longer conidiophores (up to 100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
) than
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. scorpioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="scorpioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">G. scorpioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(20-29(-30)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
) while the other characters such as metulae, phialides as well as conidia were considered to be not significantly different in both shape and size. Considering the presence of the torrubiella-like sexual morph, perithecia of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Humber & Rombach" authorityYear="1987" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Gibellula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="G clavulifera subsp. var. var. alba" order="Hypocreales" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="variety" species="clavulifera" subSpecies="var." variety="alba">G clavulifera var. alba</taxonomicName>
|
||
were produced sparingly and separately on the host abdomen while those of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. scorpioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="scorpioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">G. scorpioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
distinctly appeared in groups, only on the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="spider’s">spider's</normalizedToken>
|
||
legs and basally on synnema. Nevertheless, an examination of additional specimens has led us to conclude that the sexual morph is not always present in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. scorpioides" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" rank="species" species="scorpioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">G. scorpioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |