252 lines
30 KiB
XML
252 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="C712B421488F65CFA41CE198E12EAA18" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.189670" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cac989cb-05f4-4993-a1ae-9cfb71e6d2e4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="189670" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461103756872" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Valais, Silvina De" docDate="2009" docId="03B01A20BB05FFABFF2E6C95FEFE8379" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02203p021.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2203" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Amphibiopus manantialensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FF896258BB09FFA5FFB96C02FFDA8013" masterDocTitle="Ichnotaxonomic revision of Ameghinichnus, a mammalian ichnogenus from the Middle Jurassic La Matilde Formation, Santa Cruz province, Argentina" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698592280095" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DBEE3FDA08B64B882AAFF34C054DBA3A">
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<mods:title id="7AD0D3AC6BF70342C135DB21FB22E3CC">Ichnotaxonomic revision of Ameghinichnus, a mammalian ichnogenus from the Middle Jurassic La Matilde Formation, Santa Cruz province, Argentina</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BA44038530D45E4BC28CDE362D2DF0A5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="6C3A47671CD05E0C0D5FBC806FAED2F8">Valais, Silvina De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4434B3ECEAE78820818A074C0216CDDC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="59714B3ED9523A01D30F5F79BCBCA084">
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<mods:date id="46BCA6725EE9B105281019B7977F735B">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0602972FBC666C43419CAD14345659D8">2203</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="DFF2AD4A93293E19DF408BE3D9D5CAAE" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.189670</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A11E3525242D51263E42EA0D72768BC5" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B01A20BB05FFABFF2E6C95FEFE8379" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5679601" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119622556" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5679601" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B01A20BB05FFABFF2E6C95FEFE8379" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B01A20BB05FFABFF2E6C95FEFE8379" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="C303F8BDBB05FFA9FF2E6C95FEF480CB" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF2E6C95FD5980A2" blockId="12.[151,643,151,216]" box="[151,643,151,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="D0EE1C5ABB05FFA9FF2E6C95FD5980A2" bold="true" box="[151,643,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FF2E6C95FD5980A2" bold="true" box="[151,643,151,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FF2E6C95FDCC80A2" bold="true" box="[151,534,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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Ameghinichnus
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<taxonomicName id="4C19D0B5BB05FFA9FEE76C95FDCC80A2" box="[350,534,151,177]" class="Amphibia" genus="Amphibiopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="manantialensis">manantialensis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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isp. nov.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF2E6CBCFEF480CB" blockId="12.[151,643,151,216]" box="[151,302,190,216]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<figureCitation id="1322B7B3BB05FFA9FF2E6CBCFEF480CB" box="[151,302,190,216]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. A – E" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1706,1730]" captionTargetBox="[166,1428,184,1672]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[158,1435,178,1684]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. A – E, photographs of specimens of Ameghinichnus manantialensis. A, MPEF-IC 1028, holotype; B, MLP 65 - XI- 12 - 1; C, MLP 65 - XI- 12 - 1; D, MLP 60 - X- 31 - 13, the black arrow indicates the specimen; E, MPM-Pic- 2098; B - E, paratypes; F, MPM-PIc- 3957, Ameghinichnus? isp. Scale bars: 2 cm in F, and H, and 5 cm in the rest. m, manus imprint; p, pes imprint." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189675/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figures 5a–e</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C303F8BDBB05FFA9FF2E6D0EFCC98150" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF2E6D0EFCC98150" blockId="12.[151,838,268,323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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Ameghinichnidae:
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<bibRefCitation id="EF88D6C7BB05FFA9FEDB6D0EFDE88130" author="Casamiquela" box="[354,562,268,291]" pageId="12" pageNumber="19" refString="Casamiquela, R. M. (1964) Estudios icnologicos. Problemas y metodos de la icnologia con aplicacion al estudio de pisadas mesozoicas (Reptilia, Mammalia) de la Patagonia. Colegio Industrial Pio IX, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 229 pp." type="book" year="1964">Casamiquela, 1964</bibRefCitation>
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: 139;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF88D6C7BB05FFA9FDCA6D0EFCC38130" author="Leonardi" box="[627,793,268,291]" pageId="12" pageNumber="20" refString="Leonardi, G. (1994) Annotated atlas of South America tetrapod footprints (Devonian to Holocene). Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerais, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 247 pp." type="book" year="1994">Leonardi, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 29. “A gigantic form: Leonardi & de
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<bibRefCitation id="EF88D6C7BB05FFA9FE446D2EFD008150" author="Oliveira" box="[509,730,300,323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="20" refString="Leonardi, G. & de Oliveira Lima, F. H. (1990) A revision of the Triassic and Jurassic tetrapod footprints of Argentina and a new approach on the age and meaning of the Botucatu Formation footprints (Brazil). Revista Brasileira de Geociencias, 20, 216 - 229." type="journal article" year="1990">Oliveira Lima, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 225.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C303F8BDBB05FFA9FF2E6D70FEF68213" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF2E6D70FED981A0" blockId="12.[151,1438,370,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FF2E6D70FECA819F" bold="true" box="[151,272,370,396]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<typeStatus id="54A21594BB05FFA9FF2E6D70FED1819F" box="[151,267,370,396]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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MPEF-IC 1028, trackways with three manus-pes sets with alternate arrangement about the midline (
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<figureCitation id="1322B7B3BB05FFA9FF266D9BFF2F81A0" box="[159,245,409,435]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. A – E" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1706,1730]" captionTargetBox="[166,1428,184,1672]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[158,1435,178,1684]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. A – E, photographs of specimens of Ameghinichnus manantialensis. A, MPEF-IC 1028, holotype; B, MLP 65 - XI- 12 - 1; C, MLP 65 - XI- 12 - 1; D, MLP 60 - X- 31 - 13, the black arrow indicates the specimen; E, MPM-Pic- 2098; B - E, paratypes; F, MPM-PIc- 3957, Ameghinichnus? isp. Scale bars: 2 cm in F, and H, and 5 cm in the rest. m, manus imprint; p, pes imprint." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189675/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5a</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF7C6DBDFEF68213" blockId="12.[151,1438,370,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FF7C6DBDFE9381CA" bold="true" box="[197,329,447,473]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<typeStatus id="54A21594BB05FFA9FF7C6DBDFE9E81CA" box="[197,324,447,473]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED0833F3BB05FFA9FEE86DC2FE5781C9" box="[337,397,448,474]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MLP</collectionCode>
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<date id="FFA78DF6BB05FFA9FE2F6DC2FDF881C9" box="[406,546,448,474]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1960-10-31" valueMax="1960-10-13" valueMin="1960-10-31">60-X-31-13</date>
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,
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<date id="FFA78DF6BB05FFA9FD966DC2FD6F81C9" box="[559,693,448,474]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1965-11-12" valueMax="1965-11-01" valueMin="1965-11-12">65-XI-12-1</date>
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(three slabs with the same collection number), MPM-Pic-2098 (
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<figureCitation id="1322B7B3BB05FFA9FF266DE4FEC58213" box="[159,287,486,512]" captionStart="FIGURE 5. A – E" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1706,1730]" captionTargetBox="[166,1428,184,1672]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[158,1435,178,1684]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. A – E, photographs of specimens of Ameghinichnus manantialensis. A, MPEF-IC 1028, holotype; B, MLP 65 - XI- 12 - 1; C, MLP 65 - XI- 12 - 1; D, MLP 60 - X- 31 - 13, the black arrow indicates the specimen; E, MPM-Pic- 2098; B - E, paratypes; F, MPM-PIc- 3957, Ameghinichnus? isp. Scale bars: 2 cm in F, and H, and 5 cm in the rest. m, manus imprint; p, pes imprint." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189675/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 5b–e</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C303F8BDBB05FFA9FF7C6E0FFC04825D" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF7C6E0FFC04825D" blockId="12.[151,1438,370,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FF7C6E0FFE818234" bold="true" box="[197,347,525,551]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Etymology.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C19D0B5BB05FFA9FEDD6E0FFD508234" authority="(Latin)" baseAuthorityName="Latin" box="[356,650,525,551]" class="Amphibia" genus="Manantialensis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FEDD6E0FFDFC8235" box="[356,550,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Manantialensis</emphasis>
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(Latin)
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</taxonomicName>
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, in reference to the Estancia Laguna Manantiales (Santa Cruz province,
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<collectingCountry id="F30EEBA6BB05FFA9FEB56E36FE5C825D" box="[268,390,564,590]" name="Argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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), the locality where the footprints were discovered.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C303F8BDBB05FFA9FF7C6E58FC0083B9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF7C6E58FC0083B9" blockId="12.[151,1438,370,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FF7C6E58FE928267" bold="true" box="[197,328,602,628]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FEE86E58FDD18260" box="[337,523,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ameghinichnus</emphasis>
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preserved as manus and pes tracks with a length:width ratio of 0.7 and 0.6 respectively. Manus digit impressions are subequal in length, with relative digit length: I<V<IV<II≈III, angles between between II-III<III-IV<I-II˜IV-V. Manus impressions display an inward rotation of about -38° in relation to the midline, and are located aligned to anteriorly to pes. Pes digit impressions are subequal in length, with relative length: I<III<IV≈V<II, angles between III-IV<II-III<I-II<IV-V. Pes impressions display an outward rotation of about 26° in relation to the midline. Both I–V angles for pes and manus are about 107°. Claw marks are absent and there are no evident phalangeal pads. When manus-pes sets display an alternating arrangement about the midline, manus and pes pace angulation averages 156° and 110º respectively, and manus and pes stride length is about
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<quantity id="4CE106D3BB05FFA9FDFE6F92FD7D83B9" box="[583,679,912,938]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="116.0">116 mm</quantity>
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and
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<quantity id="4CE106D3BB05FFA9FD666F92FC9A83B9" box="[735,832,912,938]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="119.0">119 mm</quantity>
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respectively.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C303F8BDBB05FFA9FF7C6FB4FC0A8569" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF7C6FB4FB8C84CC" blockId="12.[151,1438,370,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FF7C6FB4FDE083C3" bold="true" box="[197,570,950,976]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks and comparisons.</emphasis>
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The morphology of these tracks allows them to be included in the ichnogenus
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FE9D6FDFFE0383E5" box="[292,473,989,1014]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ameghinichnus</emphasis>
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: quadrupedal trackways with symmetric pentadactyl manus and pes impressions, manus slightly smaller than pes, subequal and splayed digit impressions. But given its particular features, this group of tracks is different enough from the other specimens of the ichnogenus to deserve a separate ichnospecies level designation.
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<taxonomicName id="4C19D0B5BB05FFA9FDB36853FD078479" box="[522,733,1105,1131]" class="Amphibia" genus="Amphibiopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="manantialensis">
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FDB36853FDC68479" box="[522,540,1105,1130]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FD926853FD078479" box="[555,733,1105,1130]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">manantialensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C19D0B5BB05FFA9FCCE6853FBFC8479" box="[887,1062,1105,1131]" class="Amphibia" genus="Amphibiopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="patagonicus">
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FCCE6853FC538479" box="[887,905,1105,1130]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FC2E6853FBFC8479" box="[919,1062,1105,1130]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">patagonicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having different digit length proportions and divarication angles, and the manus located aligned-to-anterior to the pes impression. In addition, the impressions of the hands are, on average, 63 % longer and 60 % wider relative to
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FB5E689DFEFC84CD" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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Ameghinichnus
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<taxonomicName id="4C19D0B5BB05FFA9FF2E68C7FEFC84CD" box="[151,294,1221,1246]" class="Amphibia" genus="Amphibiopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="patagonicus">patagonicus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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, whereas the footprints are, on average, 50 % longer and 72 % wider.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF7C68EEFC0A8569" blockId="12.[151,1438,370,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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The tracks assigned to
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FE6E68EEFD578516" box="[471,653,1260,1285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ameghinichnus</emphasis>
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isp. from the Lower Jurassic Newark basin of
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<collectingCountry id="F30EEBA6BB05FFA9FB0468EEFB228515" box="[1213,1272,1260,1286]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USA</collectingCountry>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="EF88D6C7BB05FFA9FA8168EEFE89853F" author="Olsen" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" refString="Olsen, P. E. & Rainforth, E. C. (2001) The " Age of Dinosaurs " in the Newark Basin, with special reference to the Lower Hudson Valley. New York State Geological Association Guidebook, pp. 59 - 176." type="book chapter" year="2001">Olsen & Rainforth 2001</bibRefCitation>
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, and references therein) differ from
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<taxonomicName id="4C19D0B5BB05FFA9FCA96911FC31853F" box="[784,1003,1298,1324]" class="Amphibia" genus="Amphibiopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="manantialensis">
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FCA96911FCF8853F" box="[784,802,1299,1324]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FC8A6911FC31853F" box="[819,1003,1299,1324]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">manantialensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the presence of clear sharp claw marks in some of the digits. This could be preservation differences due to sediment texture (e.g. mud or sand), and more specimens are needed to define the assignation of the tracks.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C303F8BDBB05FFA9FF7C6985FBAE869B" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF7C6985FD398607" blockId="12.[151,1438,370,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FF7C6985FEA085B3" box="[197,378,1415,1440]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ameghinichnus</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19D0B5BB05FFA9FE3B6985FD0085B3" authority="(Ellenberger, 1970)" authorityName="Ellenberger" authorityYear="1970" baseAuthorityName="Ellenberger" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[386,730,1414,1440]" class="Amphibia" genus="Amphibiopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FE3B6985FE3685B3" box="[386,492,1415,1440]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88D6C7BB05FFA9FE456984FD0B85B3" author="Ellenberger" box="[508,721,1414,1440]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="19" refString="Ellenberger, P. (1970) Les niveaux paleontologiques de premiere apparition des mammiferes primordiaux en Afrique du Sud et leur ichnologie. Establissement de zones stratigraphiques detaillees dans le Stormberg du Lesotho (Afrique du Sud) (Trias superieur a Jurassique). Abstracts 2 Gondwana Symposium, South Africa, 1970, pp. 343 - 370." type="journal article" year="1970">Ellenberger, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
nov. comb., from the Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic Karoo basin of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30EEBA6BB05FFA9FF4669AFFE4685D4" box="[255,412,1453,1479]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, differs from the new ichnospecies in having different proportion in the length of the digit imprints. However, an ichnotaxonomical assignment is uncertain, taking into consideration that the trackway parameters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19D0B5BB05FFA9FE0869F9FDE68607" box="[433,572,1530,1556]" class="Amphibia" genus="Amphibiopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FE0869F9FE198607" box="[433,451,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FE6B69F9FDE68607" box="[466,572,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF7C6A23FBAE869B" blockId="12.[151,1438,370,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
The left footprint from the Lower Jurassic of Sołtyków,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30EEBA6BB05FFA9FCE06A23FC708628" box="[857,938,1569,1595]" name="Poland" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88D6C7BB05FFA9FC036A23FB638628" author="Gierlinski" box="[954,1209,1569,1595]" pageId="12" pageNumber="20" refString="Gierlinski, G., Pienkowski, G. & Niedzwiedzki, G. (2004) Tetrapod track assemblage in the Hettangian of Soltykow, Poland, and its paleoenvironmental background. Ichnos, 11, 195 - 213." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Gierliński
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FB806A23FBB68629" box="[1081,1132,1569,1594]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF88D6C7BB05FFA9FB7C6A23FADB8628" author="Gierlinski" box="[1221,1281,1569,1595]" pageId="12" pageNumber="20" refString="Gierlinski, G., Niedwiedzki, G. & Pienkowski, G. (2005) Early Hettangian vertebrate ichnoassemblage from Poland. Abstracts of Tracking dinosaur origins. The Triassic / Jurassic terretrial transition, Conference, Utah, 3 - 4." type="book chapter" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is similar to
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FF2E6A4AFDD08672" box="[151,522,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Ameghinichnus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19D0B5BB05FFA9FEEF6A4AFDD08672" box="[342,522,1608,1633]" class="Amphibia" genus="Amphibiopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="manantialensis">manantialensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
due to the angles between the digit impressions, but as a result of the scarse details, it is not possible to make a confident comparison with the new ichnospecies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C303F8BDBB05FFABFF7C6A97FEFE8379" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF7C6A97FE6486EF" blockId="12.[151,1438,370,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FF7C6A97FE8786BC" bold="true" box="[197,349,1685,1711]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
The specimens are represented by three trackways, with a total of seventeen tracks, and two isolated manus-pes sets, produced by a quadrupedal trackmaker. Their measurements are summarized in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69B9E8DBB05FFA9FAE26ABEFF7C86EF" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,244,809,833]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,984,1780]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Summary of measurements of track and trackway parameters of Ameghinichnus patagonicus and A. manantialensis. Linear measurements in millimeters. For abbreviations, see Figure 2." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF66FBBEBB0AFFA6FF2E6F2BFBFF8375" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" tableUuid="DF66FBBEBB0AFFA6FF2E6F2BFBFF8375">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
and detailed in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69B9E8DBB05FFA9FED86AE0FE6086EF" box="[353,442,1762,1788]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,244,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Detailed measurements of track and trackway parameters of Ameghinichnus manantialensis. Linear measurements in millimeters. For abbreviations, see Figure 2." pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB05FFA9FF7C6B0BFE9887F7" blockId="12.[151,1438,370,2020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
The manus-pes sets, both pentadactyl and digitigrade to semidigitigrade tracks, are nearly symmetrical in relation to the major imprint axis. Manus and pes digit impressions are slender, with a maximum width up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE106D3BB05FFA9FA346B32FF138763" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and may display a parallel outline, exhibiting a distal swelling. They lack phalangeal pads and claw marks. Plantar and sole impressions display similar features to
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB05FFA9FC046B7FFAFB8785" box="[957,1313,1917,1942]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Ameghinichnus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19D0B5BB05FFA9FB3E6B7FFAFB8785" box="[1159,1313,1917,1942]" class="Amphibia" genus="Amphibiopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="patagonicus">patagonicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(i.e. with metacarpal or metatarsal imprints, a posterocentered depression, and a posterior bilobate outline which is rarely visible).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF66FBBEBB04FFA8FF2E6AA8FEE8873A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189675/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" targetBox="[166,1428,184,1672]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB04FFA8FF2E6AA8FEE8873A" blockId="13.[151,1436,1706,1833]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB04FFA8FF2E6AA8FE8E86D1" bold="true" box="[151,340,1706,1730]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 5. A–E</emphasis>
|
||
, photographs of specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB04FFA8FD1A6AA8FC2986D2" box="[675,1011,1706,1729]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Ameghinichnus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C19D0B5BB04FFA8FCE96AA8FC2986D2" box="[848,1011,1706,1729]" class="Amphibia" genus="Amphibiopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="manantialensis">manantialensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB04FFA8FBB86AA8FBCE86D1" bold="true" box="[1025,1044,1706,1730]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A</emphasis>
|
||
, MPEF-IC 1028, holotype;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB04FFA8FAFC6AA8FA8D86D1" bold="true" box="[1349,1367,1706,1730]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B</emphasis>
|
||
, MLP 65-XI-12-1;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB04FFA8FEA76ACEFEEB86F7" bold="true" box="[286,305,1740,1764]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C</emphasis>
|
||
, MLP 65-XI-12-1;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB04FFA8FDBA6ACEFDCC86F7" bold="true" box="[515,534,1740,1764]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">D</emphasis>
|
||
, MLP 60-X-31-13, the black arrow indicates the specimen;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB04FFA8FB2C6ACEFB7C86F7" bold="true" box="[1173,1190,1740,1764]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E</emphasis>
|
||
, MPM-Pic-2098;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB04FFA8FAD06ACEFA4C86F7" bold="true" box="[1385,1430,1740,1764]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B -E</emphasis>
|
||
, paratypes;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB04FFA8FEB26AEDFEC38714" bold="true" box="[267,281,1775,1799]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">F</emphasis>
|
||
, MPM-PIc-3957,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96D7724BB04FFA8FE656AF2FD5A8714" box="[476,640,1776,1799]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ameghinichnus</emphasis>
|
||
? isp. Scale bars: 2 cm in F, and H, and 5 cm in the rest. m, manus imprint; p, pes imprint.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB04FFABFF7C6B59FEED80EC" blockId="13.[151,1436,1883,2026]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,152,874]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
The hand impressions range from 17.8 mm to 20.6 mm wide, with an average of 18.9 mm, from 12.6 mm to 15.1 mm long, with an average of 13.7 mm, and about
|
||
<quantity id="4CE106D3BB04FFA8FCF86B80FC4E878F" box="[833,916,1922,1948]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
|
||
total length. Digit impressions are subequal in size and shape, with an average length, in decreasing order, of: I: 4.2 mm, V: 5.2 mm, IV: 5.7 mm, II: 6.3 mm, and III: 6.4 mm. The angles formed by the digit imprints are relatively equidistant, having an average of: I-II: 35°, II-III: 22°, III-IV: 26°, and IV-V: 34°; the I-V angle ranges from 102° to 110°, with an average of 107°. Manus imprints show an outward rotation relative to the midline, which ranges from -32° to -40°, with a mean of -38°.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB07FFABFF7C6D0EFC5381F4" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,874]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">The footprints range from 20.5 mm and 25.8 mm wide, with an average of 22.3 mm, from 12.6 mm to 18.0 mm long, with an average of 14.3 mm, and about 17.1 mm total long. Digit impressions are subequal as in the case of the manus, but with an average length of: I: 5.0 mm, III: 5.5 mm, IV≈V: 5.8 mm and 5.9 mm, respectively, and II: 6.1 mm. The angles formed average: I-II: 35°, II-III: 29°, III-IV: 16°, and IV-V: 40°; the I- V displays an angle from 101° to 117°, with an average of 107°. Pes imprints show an inward rotation relative to the midline, which ranges from 8° to 41°, with a mean of 26°.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA6AB36BB07FFABFF7C6DF6FEFE8379" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,874]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
The specimens display only one arrangement, with the ipsilateral manus and pes imprints in alternating configuration. There is no trackway displaying an opposite arrangement, possibly due to preservation bias in this small sample. The hand imprints are located aligned or anterior and medial to the footprints and may even touch them. The inner trackway width between opposite manus imprints is about -
|
||
<quantity id="4CE106D3BB07FFABFB236E6AFB3C8291" box="[1178,1254,616,642]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and the width between pes is about 20.5 mm. The average outer trackway width is 28.7 mm and 61.4 mm for hand imprints and footprints, respectively. The pace angulation ranges from 146° to 160°, with an average angle of 156° for the manus, and only one measurement of 110° for the pes. The stride length ranges from
|
||
<quantity id="4CE106D3BB07FFABFB006EDEFAD782E5" box="[1209,1293,732,758]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="99.0">99 mm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE106D3BB07FFABFA8D6EDEFA4D82E5" box="[1332,1431,732,758]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="119.0">119 mm</quantity>
|
||
, with a mean of 110.4 mm for the manus, and 109.5 mm for the pes. The inner trackway width between manus and pes is about -
|
||
<quantity id="4CE106D3BB07FFABFEDD6F2BFE718350" box="[356,427,809,835]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and 20.5 mm, respectively. The outer trackway width is 28.7 mm for manus and 61.4 mm for pes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |