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<document id="CA09904C7D6A82028290A4851AEBFC9E" ID-CLB-Dataset="32560" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4300.3.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="574b87d7-3c74-4274-9f5d-c0708faf0e29" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="838545" ID-ZooBank="DDA3CFAB-A420-49A8-9342-EE307C7810ED" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1501749552684" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zhang, Shuqian &amp; Zhang, Suping" docDate="2017" docId="765587BFD570172DB3C0E0DB2CB1FD6A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4300.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4300 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phymorhynchus oculatus Zhang &amp; Zhang 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="443" masterDocId="8A6CFFC7D570172FB357E4762D38FFB3" masterDocTitle="A new species of the genus Phymorhynchus (Neogastropoda: Raphitomidae) from a hydrothermal vent in the Manus Back-Arc Basin" masterLastPageNumber="444" masterPageNumber="441" pageNumber="441" updateTime="1698466198057" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DDF1DCCB25C116ED347E1816935DE9DB">A new species of the genus Phymorhynchus (Neogastropoda: Raphitomidae) from a hydrothermal vent in the Manus Back-Arc Basin</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0CD05C5CC761B3F3E9CBADE547349B04">Zhang, Shuqian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F1B02CA40613876AC9BA367A5AECF326">Zhang, Suping</mods:namePart>
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<mods:identifier id="1C7CE69C6AC640EF1C745154A46C8106" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4300.3.7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="765587BFD570172DB3C0E0DB2CB1FD6A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6029416" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132630441" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6029416" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:765587BFD570172DB3C0E0DB2CB1FD6A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/765587BFD570172DB3C0E0DB2CB1FD6A" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="443" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
<subSubSection id="B6E66522D570172FB3C0E0DB2F08FB7B" box="[151,560,1197,1224]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D570172FB3C0E0DB2F08FB7B" blockId="0.[151,1436,1197,2018]" box="[151,560,1197,1224]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
<heading id="A50B81C5D570172FB3C0E0DB2F08FB7B" bold="true" box="[151,560,1197,1224]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" reason="1">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB3C0E0DB2F08FB7B" bold="true" box="[151,560,1197,1224]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD570172FB3C0E0DB2CF3FB74" ID-CoL="77GRD" authority="Zhang &amp; Zhang, 2017" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,459,1197,1223]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB3C0E0DB2CF3FB74" bold="true" box="[151,459,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Phymorhynchus oculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7BB57C0D570172FB284E0D82F08FB7B" box="[467,560,1198,1224]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6E66522D570172FB3C0E0A6299CFAC1" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D570172FB3C0E0A6285BFA9E" blockId="0.[151,1436,1197,2018]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB3C0E0A62CFCFB54" bold="true" box="[151,452,1232,1255]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Type specimens: Holotype</emphasis>
. MBM285087, height: 16.0 mm, width:
<quantity id="39049B4CD570172FB0D4E0A62EE1FB54" box="[899,985,1232,1255]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" unit="mm" value="8.4">8.4 mm</quantity>
,
<docIssue id="BA9F4946D570172FB0B1E0A62ECAFB54" box="[998,1010,1232,1255]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">3</docIssue>
°43S 151°40E,
<quantity id="39049B4CD570172FB7F3E0A629CFFB54" box="[1188,1271,1232,1255]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" unit="m" value="1740.0">1740 m</quantity>
deep,
<date id="8A421069D570172FB616E0A62DE8FAB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" value="2015-06-12">June 12, 2015</date>
;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB38DE0852C7AFAB9" bold="true" box="[218,322,1267,1290]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Paratype</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="4E943CF4D570172FB219E085285BFA9E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1585352665" collectionCode="MBM" country="China" county="Qingdao" location="All" municipality="Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" specimenCode="MBM285088" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="AE5A9ED2D570172FB219E0852CDAFAB9" box="[334,482,1267,1290]" collectionCode="MBM" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fc7c-p25f" name="San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammals" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
<collectionCode id="98EDAE6CD570172FB219E0852CA8FAB9" box="[334,400,1267,1290]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fc7c-p25f" name="San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammals" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">MBM</collectionCode>
285088
</specimenCode>
, height:
<quantity id="39049B4CD570172FB16BE0852FA5FAB9" box="[572,669,1267,1290]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" unit="mm" value="16.6">16.6 mm</quantity>
, width:
<quantity id="39049B4CD570172FB1A5E0852E7DFAB9" box="[754,837,1267,1290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" unit="mm" value="9.4">9.4 mm</quantity>
, collected with the
<typeStatus id="2147880BD570172FB745E0852957FAB9" box="[1042,1135,1267,1290]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
at the
<typeStatus id="2147880BD570172FB7E1E08529DCFAB9" box="[1206,1252,1267,1290]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">type</typeStatus>
locality.
<location id="FB236072D570172FB612E085285FFAB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:765587BFD570172DB3C0E0DB2CB1FD6A:FB236072D570172FB612E085285FFAB9" box="[1349,1383,1267,1290]" country="China" county="Qingdao" municipality="Chinese Academy of Sciences" name="All" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">All</location>
<typeStatus id="2147880BD570172FB63AE08528A3FAB9" box="[1389,1435,1267,1290]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">type</typeStatus>
specimens have been deposited in the
<location id="FB236072D570172FB179E1602E6FFA9E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:765587BFD570172DB3C0E0DB2CB1FD6A:FB236072D570172FB179E1602E6FFA9E" box="[558,855,1302,1325]" country="China" county="Qingdao" municipality="Chinese Academy of Sciences" name="Marine Biological Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Marine Biological Museum</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="1E27ACD3D570172FB035E1602990FA9E" box="[866,1192,1302,1325]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Chinese Academy of Sciences</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="17224E25D570172FB7E5E1602829FA9E" box="[1202,1297,1302,1325]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Qingdao</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="86EB7639D570172FB64CE1602866FA9E" box="[1307,1374,1302,1325]" name="China" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">China</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D570172FB390E14E299CFAC1" blockId="0.[151,1436,1197,2018]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB390E14E2C5AFAFC" bold="true" box="[199,354,1336,1359]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Type locality.</emphasis>
A hydrothermal vent site in Manus Back-Arc Basin (3°43S 151°40E), at depth of
<quantity id="39049B4CD570172FB646E14E2851FAFC" box="[1297,1385,1336,1359]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" unit="m" value="1740.0">1740 m</quantity>
. For detailed information of this vent site, please see
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D570172FB1CEE12D2EA0FAC1" box="[665,920,1371,1394]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" refString="Hashimoto, J., Ohta, S., Fiala-Medioni, A., Auzende, J. M., Kojima, S., Segonzac, M., Fujiwara, Y., Hunt, J. C., Gena, K., Miura, T., Kikuchi, T., Yamaguchi, T., Toda, T., Chiba, H., Tsuchida, S., Ishibashi, J., Henry, K., Zbinden, M., Pruski, A., Inoue, A., Kobayashi, H., Birrien, J. L., Naka, J., Yamanaka, T., Laporte, C., Nishimura, K., Yeats, C., Malagun, S., Kia, P., Oyaizu, M. &amp; Katayama, T. (1999) Hydrothermal vent communities in the Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea: Results of the BIOACCESS cruises ' 96 and ' 98. InterRidge News, 8 (2), 12 - 18." type="journal article">
Hashimoto
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB042E12D2E7CFAC1" box="[789,836,1371,1394]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">et al</emphasis>
. (1999)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D570172FB09BE12D2998FAC1" box="[972,1184,1371,1394]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" refString="Fourre, E., Jean-Baptiste, P., Charlou, J. L., Donval, J. P. &amp; Ishibashi, J. I. (2006) Helium isotopic composition of hydrothermal fluids from the Manus back-arc Basin, Papua New Guinea. Geochemical Journal, 40, 245 - 252." type="journal article">
Fourre
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB74EE12D297FFAC1" box="[1049,1095,1371,1394]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">et al</emphasis>
. (2006)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6E66522D570172FB390E1082812FA26" box="[199,1322,1406,1429]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D570172FB390E1082812FA26" blockId="0.[151,1436,1197,2018]" box="[199,1322,1406,1429]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB390E1082C7FFA26" bold="true" box="[199,327,1406,1429]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Etymology.</emphasis>
Latin adjective
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD570172FB2A4E1082F75FA26" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2017" box="[499,589,1406,1429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oculatus">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB2A4E1082F75FA26" box="[499,589,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">oculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, having eyes, referring to the presence of eyes on cephalic tentacles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6E66522D570172FB390E1D629FBF8A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" type="description">
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D570172FB390E1D62875F9F1" blockId="0.[151,1436,1197,2018]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB390E1D62C73FA04" bold="true" box="[199,331,1440,1463]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Description</emphasis>
Shell (
<figureCitation id="66C72A2CD570172FB2CDE1D62CD9FA04" box="[410,481,1440,1463]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,244,1751,1772]" captionTargetBox="[395,1195,901,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[395,1195,901,1734]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phymorhynchus oculatus sp. nov. A C. Ventral, lateral and dorsal view of holotype, respectively, 16.0 mm; D. Ventral view of paratype, 16.6 mm; E. Illustration of dorsal view of soft parts; F. Radular teeth, scale bar = 100 µm. Abbreviations. (ct) cephalic tentacle; (dg) digestive gland; (e) eye; (f) foot; (gi) gill; (os) osphradium; (p) penis; (pm) pallial margin; (te) testis" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/838547/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
AD) fusiform, thin, white under a dull smooth olive-green periostracum, decollate but indicating more than three teleoconch whorls. Suture moderately constricted; teleoconch whorls convex. Spiral sculpture on the last whorl of about 25 wide, flattened spiral cords, with fine, equal interstices; axial sculpture lacking. Surface of the penultimate whorl heavily eroded, but traces of spiral cords still visible. Aperture ovate, inner surface whitish, outer lip thin, fragile; columellar lip smooth, anterior part slightly curved. Siphonal canal short and wide, not recurved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D570172FB390E2382879F919" blockId="0.[151,1436,1197,2018]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
Soft parts (
<figureCitation id="66C72A2CD570172FB26AE2382C41F9D6" box="[317,377,1614,1637]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,244,1751,1772]" captionTargetBox="[395,1195,901,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[395,1195,901,1734]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phymorhynchus oculatus sp. nov. A C. Ventral, lateral and dorsal view of holotype, respectively, 16.0 mm; D. Ventral view of paratype, 16.6 mm; E. Illustration of dorsal view of soft parts; F. Radular teeth, scale bar = 100 µm. Abbreviations. (ct) cephalic tentacle; (dg) digestive gland; (e) eye; (f) foot; (gi) gill; (os) osphradium; (p) penis; (pm) pallial margin; (te) testis" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/838547/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E). Foot large, fleshy. Operculum lacking. Head cylindrical, fully overlaid by the mantle. Cephalic tentacles large; stout, blackish eyes located at the middle part. Penis large, bent backward, distal end truncated without seminal papilla. Ctenidium moderately large. Osphradium relatively small, situated at left anterior of ctenidium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D570172FB390E2C029FBF8A1" blockId="0.[151,1436,1197,2018]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
Radula (
<figureCitation id="66C72A2CD570172FB276E2C02C65F97E" box="[289,349,1718,1741]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,244,1751,1772]" captionTargetBox="[395,1195,901,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[395,1195,901,1734]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phymorhynchus oculatus sp. nov. A C. Ventral, lateral and dorsal view of holotype, respectively, 16.0 mm; D. Ventral view of paratype, 16.6 mm; E. Illustration of dorsal view of soft parts; F. Radular teeth, scale bar = 100 µm. Abbreviations. (ct) cephalic tentacle; (dg) digestive gland; (e) eye; (f) foot; (gi) gill; (os) osphradium; (p) penis; (pm) pallial margin; (te) testis" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/838547/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
F) toxoglossate, with a formula of 1+0+0+0+1. Marginal teeth needle-like in shape, slightly bent near base. The distal end sharply pointed with a well-developed barb. An individual marginal tooth approximately 365 µm in length. Each single tooth with wide basal and distal openings that are connected by a distinct suture.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6E66522D570172EB390E3682E6AFED9" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="442" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D570172FB390E368287EF8C9" blockId="0.[151,1436,1197,2018]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB390E3682C0DF886" bold="true" box="[199,309,1822,1845]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD570172FB26BE3682F71F886" authority="Zhang &amp; Zhang, 2017" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2017" box="[316,585,1822,1845]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB26BE3682F71F886" box="[316,585,1822,1845]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Phymorhynchus oculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7BB57C0D570172FB106E3682F90F886" box="[593,680,1822,1845]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB106E3682F90F886" bold="true" box="[593,680,1822,1845]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is characterized by its fusiform, slender shell with flattened, regularly spaced spiral sculpture; its cephalic tentacles with blackish eyes; and by its long and slender marginal teeth with a pointed, barbed distal end. These characters distinguish
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD570172FB1BBE3152EC0F8C9" authority="Zhang &amp; Zhang, 2017" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2017" box="[748,1016,1891,1914]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB1BBE3152EC0F8C9" box="[748,1016,1891,1914]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Phymorhynchus oculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7BB57C0D570172FB0A8E315296CF8C9" box="[1023,1108,1891,1914]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB0A8E315296CF8C9" bold="true" box="[1023,1108,1891,1914]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
from other congeners.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D570172EB390E3F02DE4FF47" blockId="0.[151,1436,1197,2018]" lastBlockId="1.[151,1436,152,244]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="442" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">
The new species is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD570172FB113E3F029D1F82E" authority="Okutani, Fujikura &amp; Sasaki, 1993" authorityName="Okutani, Fujikura &amp; Sasaki, 1993 Hatsushima" authorityYear="1993" box="[580,1257,1926,1949]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="buccinoides">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB113E3F02E4DF82E" box="[580,885,1926,1949]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Phymorhynchus buccinoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D570172FB02AE3F029D1F82E" author="Okutani" box="[893,1257,1926,1949]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" refString="Okutani, T., Fujikura, K. &amp; Sasaki, T. (1993) New taxa and new distribution records of deep-sea gastropods collected from or near the chemosynthetic communities in the Japanese waters. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, series A (Zoology), 19, 123 - 143." type="journal article" year="1993">Okutani, Fujikura &amp; Sasaki, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from a seep site off Hatsushima,
<collectingCountry id="86EB7639D570172FB21FE3DE2CBFF80C" box="[328,391,1960,1983]" name="Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Japan</collectingCountry>
, which has a slender shell with wide, flattened spiral cords like
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD570172FB764E3DE2807F80C" authority="Zhang &amp; Zhang, 2017" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2017" box="[1075,1343,1960,1983]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB764E3DE2807F80C" box="[1075,1343,1960,1983]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Phymorhynchus oculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7BB57C0D570172FB611E3DE28A4F80C" box="[1350,1436,1960,1983]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB611E3DE28A4F80C" bold="true" box="[1350,1436,1960,1983]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
However, the spiral cords in
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD570172FB286E3BD2941F851" authority="Okutani, Fujikura &amp; Sasaki, 1993" authorityName="Okutani, Fujikura &amp; Sasaki, 1993 Hatsushima" authorityYear="1993" box="[465,1145,1995,2018]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="buccinoides">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD570172FB286E3BD2E3BF851" box="[465,771,1995,2018]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="441">Phymorhynchus buccinoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D570172FB05BE3BD2941F851" author="Okutani" box="[780,1145,1995,2018]" pageId="0" pageNumber="441" refString="Okutani, T., Fujikura, K. &amp; Sasaki, T. (1993) New taxa and new distribution records of deep-sea gastropods collected from or near the chemosynthetic communities in the Japanese waters. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, series A (Zoology), 19, 123 - 143." type="journal article" year="1993">Okutani, Fujikura &amp; Sasaki, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
are exclusively present on base of shell. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB296E4EE2FCBFF1C" authorityName="Okutani, Fujikura &amp; Sasaki, 1993 Hatsushima" authorityYear="1993" box="[449,755,152,175]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="buccinoides">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB296E4EE2FCBFF1C" box="[449,755,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Phymorhynchus buccinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very different from the new species by having much shorter marginal tooth (ca.100 µm
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB293E4CC2CD9FF62" box="[452,481,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">vs.</emphasis>
ca. 365 µm) without a barb near the distal end (see
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB77EE4CC2830FF62" author="Fujikura" box="[1065,1288,186,209]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Fujikura, K., Sasaki, T., Yamanaka, T. &amp; Yoshida, T. (2009) Turrids whelk, Phymorhynchus buccinoides feeds on Bathymodiolus mussels at a seep site in Sagami Bay, Japan. Plankton and Benthos Research, 4 (1), 23 - 30." type="journal article" year="2009">
Fujikura
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB7DAE4CC2987FF62" box="[1165,1215,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB642E4CC2DE9FF47" author="Sasaki" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Sasaki, T., Waren, A., Kano, Y., Okutani, T. &amp; Fujikura, K. (2010) Gastropods from recent hot vents and cold seeps: systematics, diversity and life strategies the vent and seep biota. Topics in Geobiology, 33, 169 - 254." type="journal article" year="2010">
Sasaki
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB633E4CC28ADFF62" box="[1380,1429,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="AA836621D571172EB3C0E554285FFE8A" box="[151,1383,290,313]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D571172EB3C0E554285FFE8A" blockId="1.[151,1383,290,313]" box="[151,1383,290,313]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C0E5542C32FE8A" bold="true" box="[151,266,290,313]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
List of valid species of
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB15DE5542F8DFE8A" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1908" box="[522,693,290,313]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB15DE5542F8DFE8A" box="[522,693,290,313]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Phymorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from vent/seep habitats (species arranged in alphabetical order).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D571172EB3C8E5232E6AFED9" blockId="1.[159,1423,341,831]" box="[159,850,341,362]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Species Distribution</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6E66522D571172DB3C8E50B28B9FF47" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="443" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D571172EB3C8E50B29E6FE21" blockId="1.[159,1423,341,831]" box="[159,1246,381,402]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<materialsCitation id="4E943CF4D571172EB3C8E50B29E6FE21" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1585352666" box="[159,1246,381,402]" country="Japan" elevation="1160" latitude="35.0" location="Japan" longLatPrecision="1196" longitude="139.23334" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" specimenCount="1">
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB3C8E50B2E6AFE21" ID-CoL="77H39" authority="Okutani, Fujikura &amp; Sasaki, 1993 Hatsushima" authorityName="Okutani, Fujikura &amp; Sasaki, 1993 Hatsushima" authorityYear="1993" box="[159,850,381,402]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="buccinoides">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C8E50B2C10FE21" box="[159,296,381,402]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">P. buccinoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB279E50B2F4AFE21" author="Okutani" box="[302,626,381,402]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Okutani, T., Fujikura, K. &amp; Sasaki, T. (1993) New taxa and new distribution records of deep-sea gastropods collected from or near the chemosynthetic communities in the Japanese waters. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, series A (Zoology), 19, 123 - 143." type="journal article" year="1993">Okutani, Fujikura &amp; Sasaki, 1993</bibRefCitation>
Hatsushima
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="86EB7639D571172EB00CE50B2EACFE21" box="[859,916,381,402]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB0C9E50B2ED5FE21" box="[926,1005,381,402]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="35.0">35°00N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB0A4E50B2977FE21" box="[1011,1103,381,402]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="139.23334">139°14E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="75D1D19AD571172EB70EE50B299BFE21" box="[1113,1187,381,402]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="1160.0">
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB70EE50B299BFE21" box="[1113,1187,381,402]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="1160.0">1160 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, seep.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D571172EB3C8E5D329D8FE09" blockId="1.[159,1423,341,831]" box="[159,1248,421,442]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB3C8E5D32EA5FE09" ID-CoL="6VGQZ" authority="Waren &amp; Bouchet, 2001 Mid-Atlantic Ridge" authorityName="Waren &amp; Bouchet, 2001 Mid-Atlantic Ridge" box="[159,925,421,442]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carinatus">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C8E5D32C29FE09" box="[159,273,421,442]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">P. carinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB240E5D32CC7FE09" author="Waren" box="[279,511,421,442]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Waren, A. &amp; Bouchet, P. (2001) Gastropoda and Monoplacophora from hydrothermal vents and seeps; new taxa and records. Ueliger, 44, 116 - 231." type="journal article" year="2001">Warén &amp; Bouchet, 2001</bibRefCitation>
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
</taxonomicName>
, 14°45N 44°59W,
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB70CE5D3299EFE09" box="[1115,1190,421,442]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.04" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="3040.0">3040 m</quantity>
, vent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D571172EB3C8E5BB2984FD81" blockId="1.[159,1423,341,831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<materialsCitation id="4E943CF4D571172EB3C8E5BB2984FD81" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1585352667" country="Fiji" elevation="3150" latitude="-5.8" location="West Africa" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="173.91667" municipality="West Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" specimenCount="1">
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB3C8E5BB2E23FE51" ID-CoL="6VGRB" authority="Waren &amp; Bouchet, 2009 Regab" authorityName="Waren &amp; Bouchet, 2009 Regab" box="[159,795,461,482]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cingulatus">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C8E5BB2C22FE51" box="[159,282,461,482]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">P. cingulatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB277E5BB2F31FE51" author="Waren" box="[288,521,461,482]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Waren, A. &amp; Bouchet, P. (2009) New gastropods from deep-sea hydrocarbon seeps off West Africa. Deep-Sea Research II, 56, 2326 - 2349." type="journal article" year="2009">Warén &amp; Bouchet, 2009</bibRefCitation>
Regab
</taxonomicName>
site off
<location id="FB236072D571172EB03DE5BB2EE7FE51" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:765587BFD570172DB3C0E0DB2CB1FD6A:FB236072D571172EB03DE5BB2EE7FE51" box="[874,991,461,482]" country="Fiji" latitude="-5.8" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="173.91667" municipality="West Africa" name="West Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">West Africa</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB0BFE5BB290CFE51" box="[1000,1076,461,482]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="-5.8">05°48S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB76DE5BB29B2FE51" box="[1082,1162,461,482]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="9.716666">09°43E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="75D1D19AD571172EB7C3E5BB29E7FE51" box="[1172,1247,461,482]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="3150.0">
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB7C3E5BB29E7FE51" box="[1172,1247,461,482]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="3150.0">3150 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, seep.
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB3C8E5832E23FDB9" ID-CoL="77GRB" authority="Waren &amp; Bouchet, 2009 Regab" authorityName="Warén &amp; Bouchet" authorityYear="2009" box="[159,795,501,522]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coseli">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C8E5832DD6FDB9" box="[159,238,501,522]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">P. coseli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB3A3E5832CE5FDB9" author="Waren" box="[244,477,501,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Waren, A. &amp; Bouchet, P. (2009) New gastropods from deep-sea hydrocarbon seeps off West Africa. Deep-Sea Research II, 56, 2326 - 2349." type="journal article" year="2009">Warén &amp; Bouchet, 2009</bibRefCitation>
Regab
</taxonomicName>
site off
<collectingMunicipality id="1E27ACD3D571172EB03DE5832EE7FDB9" box="[874,991,501,522]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">West Africa</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB0BFE583290CFDB9" box="[1000,1076,501,522]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="-5.8">05°48S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB76DE58329B2FDB9" box="[1082,1162,501,522]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="9.716666">09°43E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="75D1D19AD571172EB7C3E58329E7FDB9" box="[1172,1247,501,522]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="3150.0">
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB7C3E58329E7FDB9" box="[1172,1247,501,522]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="3150.0">3150 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, seep.
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB3C8E66B2C40FD81" ID-CoL="77H3B" authority="Beck, 1996" authorityName="Beck" authorityYear="1996" box="[159,376,541,562]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hyfifluxi">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C8E66B2C3CFD81" box="[159,260,541,562]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">P. hyfifluxi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB25CE66B2C40FD81" author="Beck" box="[267,376,541,562]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Beck, L. A. (1996) Systematic position and relationship of Phymorhynchus hyfifluxi n. sp., a further new turrid gastropod species associated with hydrothermal vent sites in the North Fiji Basin. Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 126 (1 / 2), 109 - 115." type="journal article" year="1996">Beck, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
North
<collectingCountry id="86EB7639D571172EB04BE66B2E05FD81" box="[796,829,541,562]" name="Fiji" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fiji</collectingCountry>
Basin, 16°60S
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB08FE66B290BFD81" box="[984,1075,541,562]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="173.91667">173°55E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="75D1D19AD571172EB76AE66B29BAFD81" box="[1085,1154,541,562]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.003" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2003.0">
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB76AE66B29BAFD81" box="[1085,1154,541,562]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.003" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2003.0">2003m</quantity>
</elevation>
, vent.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D571172EB3C8E63328B7FC91" blockId="1.[159,1423,341,831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<materialsCitation id="4E943CF4D571172EB3C8E6332EE8FD61" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1585352668" country="Fiji" elevation="2550" latitude="14.75" location="East Pacific Rise" longLatPrecision="1287" longitude="-44.816666" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" specimenCount="1">
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB3C8E6332CE6FDE9" ID-CoL="6VGRD" authority="Waren &amp; Bouchet, 2001" authorityName="Waren &amp; Bouchet" authorityYear="2001" box="[159,478,581,602]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C8E6332DD4FDE9" box="[159,236,581,602]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">P. major</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB3A2E6332CE6FDE9" author="Waren" box="[245,478,581,602]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Waren, A. &amp; Bouchet, P. (2001) Gastropoda and Monoplacophora from hydrothermal vents and seeps; new taxa and records. Ueliger, 44, 116 - 231." type="journal article" year="2001">Warén &amp; Bouchet, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<location id="FB236072D571172EB189E6332EBBFDE9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:765587BFD570172DB3C0E0DB2CB1FD6A:FB236072D571172EB189E6332EBBFDE9" box="[734,899,581,602]" country="Fiji" latitude="14.75" longLatPrecision="1287" longitude="-44.816666" name="East Pacific Rise" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">East Pacific Rise</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB0C5E6332EDAFDE9" box="[914,994,581,602]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="9.833333">09°50N</geoCoordinate>
and
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB746E6332957FDE9" box="[1041,1135,581,602]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="104.28333">104°17N</geoCoordinate>
, ca.
<elevation id="75D1D19AD571172EB7CDE6332825FDE9" box="[1178,1309,581,602]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2550.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="2500.0">
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB7CDE6332825FDE9" box="[1178,1309,581,602]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2550.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="2500.0">2500-2600 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, vent.
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB3C8E61B2EA5FD31" ID-CoL="6VH3D" authority="Sysoev &amp; Kantor, 1995 Mid-Atlantic Ridge" authorityName="Sysoev &amp; Kantor" authorityYear="1995" box="[159,925,621,642]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="moskalevi">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C8E61B2C2EFD31" box="[159,278,621,642]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">P. moskalevi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB24BE61B2CC6FD31" author="Sysoev" box="[284,510,621,642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Sysoev, A. V. &amp; Kantor, Yu. I. (1995) Two new species of Phymorhynchus (Gastropoda, Conoidea, Conidae) from the hydrothermal vents. Ruthenica, 5, 17 - 26." type="journal article" year="1995">Sysoev &amp; Kantor, 1995</bibRefCitation>
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
</taxonomicName>
, between 26°N and 23°N,
<elevation id="75D1D19AD571172EB7CBE61B2827FD31" box="[1180,1311,621,642]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="3550.0" valueMax="3700.0" valueMin="3400.0">
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB7CBE61B2827FD31" box="[1180,1311,621,642]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="3550.0" valueMax="3700.0" valueMin="3400.0">3400-3700 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, vent.
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB3C8E6E32EA5FD19" ID-CoL="77H3D" authority="Waren &amp; Bouchet, 2001 Mid-Atlantic Ridge" authorityName="Warén &amp; Bouchet" authorityYear="2001" box="[159,925,661,682]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ovatus">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C8E6E32DCCFD19" box="[159,244,661,682]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">P. ovatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB3ACE6E32CDBFD19" author="Waren" box="[251,483,661,682]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Waren, A. &amp; Bouchet, P. (2001) Gastropoda and Monoplacophora from hydrothermal vents and seeps; new taxa and records. Ueliger, 44, 116 - 231." type="journal article" year="2001">Warén &amp; Bouchet, 2001</bibRefCitation>
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
</taxonomicName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB0F1E6E32ECFFD19" box="[934,1015,661,682]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="14.75">14°45N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB0ABE6E3296AFD19" box="[1020,1106,661,682]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="-44.816666">44°49W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="75D1D19AD571172EB70CE6E329E6FD19" box="[1115,1246,661,682]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2550.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="1600.0">
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB70CE6E329E6FD19" box="[1115,1246,661,682]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2550.0" valueMax="3500.0" valueMin="1600.0">1600-3500 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, vent.
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB3C8E6CB2CDBFD61" ID-CoL="6VH3C" authority="Okutani &amp; Ohta, 1993" authorityName="Okutani &amp; Ohta" authorityYear="1993" box="[159,483,701,722]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="starmeri">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C8E6CB2C3FFD61" box="[159,263,701,722]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">P. starmeri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB25AE6CB2CDBFD61" author="Okutani" box="[269,483,701,722]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Okutani, T. &amp; Ohta, S. (1993) New buccinid and turrid gastropods from North Fiji and Lau Basins. Uenus, 52, 217 - 221." type="journal article" year="1993">Okutani &amp; Ohta, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
North
<collectingCountry id="86EB7639D571172EB04BE6CB2E05FD61" box="[796,829,701,722]" name="Fiji" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Fiji</collectingCountry>
Basin,
<elevation id="75D1D19AD571172EB0D1E6CB2EE8FD61" box="[902,976,701,722]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2750.0">
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB0D1E6CB2EE8FD61" box="[902,976,701,722]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2750.0">2750 m</quantity>
</elevation>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4E943CF4D571172EB08CE6CB28B7FC91" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1585352670" country="Japan" elevation="3561" latitude="3.3166666" location="Lihir Island" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="152.58333" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" specimenCount="1">
Manus Back-Arc Basin. vent.
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB3C8E6932E49FD49" ID-CoL="6VGRF" authority="Okutani &amp; Iwasaki, 2003 Nankai Trough" authorityName="Okutani &amp; Iwasaki" authorityYear="2003" box="[159,881,741,762]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turris">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C8E6932DD3FD49" box="[159,235,741,762]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">P. turris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB3A5E6932CDCFD49" author="Okutani" box="[242,484,741,762]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Okutani, T. &amp; Iwasaki, N. (2003) Noteworthy abyssal mollusks (excluding vesicomyid bivalves) collected from the Nankai Trough off Shikoku by the ROV Kaiko of the Japan Marine Science and Technology Center. Uenus, 62, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2003">Okutani &amp; Iwasaki, 2003</bibRefCitation>
Nankai Trough
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="86EB7639D571172EB02CE6932E8CFD49" box="[891,948,741,762]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB0EAE6932936FD49" box="[957,1038,741,762]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="32.35">32°21N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB744E6932957FD49" box="[1043,1135,741,762]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="134.53334">134°32E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="75D1D19AD571172EB72EE69329CEFD49" box="[1145,1270,741,762]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5605" metricValueMax="3.581" metricValueMin="3.54" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="3560.5" valueMax="3581.0" valueMin="3540.0">
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB72EE69329CEFD49" box="[1145,1270,741,762]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5605" metricValueMax="3.581" metricValueMin="3.54" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="3560.5" valueMax="3581.0" valueMin="3540.0">3540-3581m</quantity>
</elevation>
, seep.
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB3C8E77B2EB2FC91" ID-CoL="6VH3F" authority="Sysoev &amp; Kantor, 1995 Edison Seamount" authorityName="Sysoev &amp; Kantor, 1995 Edison Seamount" authorityYear="1995" box="[159,906,781,802]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wareni">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C8E77B2DC0FC91" box="[159,248,781,802]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">P. wareni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB3A9E77B2CE7FC91" author="Sysoev" box="[254,479,781,802]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Sysoev, A. V. &amp; Kantor, Yu. I. (1995) Two new species of Phymorhynchus (Gastropoda, Conoidea, Conidae) from the hydrothermal vents. Ruthenica, 5, 17 - 26." type="journal article" year="1995">Sysoev &amp; Kantor, 1995</bibRefCitation>
Edison Seamount
</taxonomicName>
, south of
<location id="FB236072D571172EB0BCE77B2967FC91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:765587BFD570172DB3C0E0DB2CB1FD6A:FB236072D571172EB0BCE77B2967FC91" box="[1003,1119,781,802]" country="Japan" latitude="3.3166666" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="152.58333" name="Lihir Island" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Lihir Island</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB73DE77B2996FC91" box="[1130,1198,781,802]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="3.3166666">3°19N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB7E2E77B2829FC91" box="[1205,1297,781,802]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="152.58333">152°35E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="75D1D19AD571172EB64BE77B2850FC91" box="[1308,1384,781,802]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.483" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="1483.0">
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB64BE77B2850FC91" box="[1308,1384,781,802]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.483" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="1483.0">1483 m</quantity>
</elevation>
; off
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D571172EB189E75C299DFC8C" blockId="1.[159,1423,341,831]" box="[734,1189,810,831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<materialsCitation id="4E943CF4D571172EB189E75C299DFC8C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1585352669" box="[734,1189,810,831]" elevation="2450" latitude="3.1666667" location="Manus Island" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-150.28334" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" specimenCount="1">
<location id="FB236072D571172EB189E75C2E5AFC8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:765587BFD570172DB3C0E0DB2CB1FD6A:FB236072D571172EB189E75C2E5AFC8C" box="[734,866,810,831]" latitude="3.1666667" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-150.28334" name="Manus Island" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Manus Island</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB03BE75C2E97FC8C" box="[876,943,810,831]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="3.1666667">3°10N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9BC8506ED571172EB0E1E75C292FFC8C" box="[950,1047,810,831]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" precision="925" value="-150.28334">150°17W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="75D1D19AD571172EB776E75C2954FC8C" box="[1057,1132,810,831]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2450.0">
<quantity id="39049B4CD571172EB776E75C2954FC8C" box="[1057,1132,810,831]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" unit="m" value="2450.0">2450 m</quantity>
</elevation>
. vent.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="AA836621D571172EB3C0E2A12DC8F8F7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/838547/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" targetBox="[395,1195,901,1734]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D571172EB3C0E2A12DC8F8F7" blockId="1.[151,1436,1751,1860]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C0E2A12C36F95F" bold="true" box="[151,270,1751,1772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB243E2A12F3FF95F" ID-CoL="77GRD" authority="Zhang &amp; Zhang, 2017" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2017" box="[276,519,1751,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB243E2A12F3FF95F" box="[276,519,1751,1772]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Phymorhynchus oculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB159E2A12FA0F95F" bold="true" box="[526,664,1751,1772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7BB57C0D571172EB159E2A12F64F95F" box="[526,604,1751,1772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
AC.
</emphasis>
Ventral, lateral and dorsal view of holotype, respectively, 16.0 mm;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB66FE2A12868F95F" bold="true" box="[1336,1360,1751,1772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">D.</emphasis>
Ventral view of paratype, 16.6 mm;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB2F1E2822C84F8BA" bold="true" box="[422,444,1780,1801]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">E.</emphasis>
Illustration of dorsal view of soft parts;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB068E2822E68F8BA" bold="true" box="[831,848,1780,1801]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">F.</emphasis>
Radular teeth, scale bar=100 µm.
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C0E3642C25F894" box="[151,285,1810,1831]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Abbreviations</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB27EE3642C73F894" bold="true" box="[297,331,1810,1831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">(ct)</emphasis>
cephalic tentacle;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB156E3642F12F894" bold="true" box="[513,554,1810,1831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">(dg)</emphasis>
digestive gland;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB187E3642FD2F894" bold="true" box="[720,746,1810,1831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">(e)</emphasis>
eye;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB077E3642E00F894" bold="true" box="[800,824,1810,1831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">(f)</emphasis>
foot;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB024E3642EADF894" bold="true" box="[883,917,1810,1831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">(gi)</emphasis>
gill;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB09EE3642ED6F894" bold="true" box="[969,1006,1810,1831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">(os)</emphasis>
osphradium;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB723E36429A8F894" bold="true" box="[1140,1168,1810,1831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">(p)</emphasis>
penis;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB780E3642831F894" bold="true" box="[1239,1289,1810,1831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">(pm)</emphasis>
pallial margin;
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB3C0E3592D81F8F7" bold="true" box="[151,185,1839,1860]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">(te)</emphasis>
testis
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D571172EB390E3192C44F85D" blockId="1.[151,1436,1903,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB390E3192FEBF835" ID-CoL="6VH3F" authority="Sysoev &amp; Kantor, 1995" authorityName="Sysoev &amp; Kantor, 1995 Edison Seamount" authorityYear="1995" box="[199,723,1903,1926]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wareni">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB390E3192CFCF835" box="[199,452,1903,1926]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Phymorhynchus wareni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D571172EB299E3192FEBF835" author="Sysoev" box="[462,723,1903,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" refString="Sysoev, A. V. &amp; Kantor, Yu. I. (1995) Two new species of Phymorhynchus (Gastropoda, Conoidea, Conidae) from the hydrothermal vents. Ruthenica, 5, 17 - 26." type="journal article" year="1995">Sysoev &amp; Kantor, 1995</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which occurs at a hydrothermal vent site off Manus Island, is a congener with the closest geographic proximity to
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB1EAE3E42EF2F81A" ID-CoL="77GRD" authority="Zhang &amp; Zhang, 2017" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2017" box="[701,970,1938,1961]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB1EAE3E42EF2F81A" box="[701,970,1938,1961]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Phymorhynchus oculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7BB57C0D571172EB085E3E42911F81A" box="[978,1065,1938,1961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB085E3E42911F81A" bold="true" box="[978,1065,1938,1961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
However,
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD571172EB7F7E3E428A4F81A" ID-CoL="6VH3F" authorityName="Sysoev &amp; Kantor, 1995 Edison Seamount" authorityYear="1995" box="[1184,1436,1938,1961]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="442" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wareni">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD571172EB7F7E3E428A4F81A" box="[1184,1436,1938,1961]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="442">Phymorhynchus wareni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be clearly separated from the new species by its much broader shell, different sculpture pattern, and absence of eyes on cephalic tentacles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D572172DB390E4EE28B9FF47" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
The conoidean gastropods are an important group of predators in deep-sea environments (
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D572172DB7C4E4EE28AFFF1C" author="Bouchet" box="[1171,1431,152,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" refString="Bouchet, P. &amp; Waren, A. (1980) Revision of the north-east Atlantic bathyal and abyssal Turridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda). The journal of molluscan studies, supplement, 8, 1 - 119." type="journal article" year="1980">Bouchet &amp; Warén 1980</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D572172DB3C0E4CC2C1BFF62" author="Sysoev" box="[151,291,186,209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" refString="Sysoev, A. V. (1996) Deep-sea conoidean gastropods collected by the John Murray Expedition, 1933 - 34. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum Zoology, 62 (1), 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1996">Sysoev 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D572172DB27AE4CC2CCBFF62" author="Kantor" box="[301,499,186,209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" refString="Kantor, Yu. I., Harasewych, M. G. &amp; Puillandre, N. (2016) A critical review of Antarctic Conoidea (Neogastropoda). Molluscan Research, 36 (3), 153 - 206." type="journal article" year="2016">
Kantor
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD572172DB229E4CC2C94FF62" box="[382,428,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). Among them, the most well-known component in vent/seep environments is the genus
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD572172DB3C0E4AB2C7AFF47" ID-CoL="7PCJW" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,322,221,244]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD572172DB3C0E4AB2C7AFF47" box="[151,322,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Phymorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. To date, about 11 species of
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD572172DB129E4AB2E11FF47" ID-CoL="7PCJW" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1908" box="[638,809,221,244]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD572172DB129E4AB2E11FF47" box="[638,809,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Phymorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from vent/seep areas have been described (see
<tableCitation id="B37E0312D572172DB674E4AB284AFF47" box="[1315,1394,221,244]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,290,313]" captionText="TABLE 1. List of valid species of Phymorhynchus from vent / seep habitats (species arranged in alphabetical order)." pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6E66522D572172DB390E5762CB1FD6A" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" type="description">
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D572172DB390E5762E7EFD9F" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
Eyes are often reduced or absent in deep-sea gastropod species. Within the genus
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD572172DB738E5762822FEA4" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1908" box="[1135,1306,256,279]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD572172DB738E5762822FEA4" box="[1135,1306,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Phymorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, eyes were previously known only in
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD572172DB2ECE5542E5DFE8A" authority="Bush, 1893" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="1893" box="[443,869,290,313]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sulcifera">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD572172DB2ECE5542FF4FE8A" box="[443,716,290,313]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Phymorhynchus sulcifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D572172DB189E5542E64FE8A" author="Bush" box="[734,860,290,313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" refString="Bush, K. (1893) Report on the Mollusca dredged by the &quot; Blake &quot; in 1880, including descriptions of several new species. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 23 (6), 197 - 244." type="journal article" year="1893">Bush, 1893</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D572172DB0F4E5542993FE8A" author="Bouchet" box="[931,1195,290,313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" refString="Bouchet, P. &amp; Waren, A. (1980) Revision of the north-east Atlantic bathyal and abyssal Turridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda). The journal of molluscan studies, supplement, 8, 1 - 119." type="journal article" year="1980">Bouchet &amp; Warén 1980</bibRefCitation>
), a species that is not associated with a vent/seep environment. Thus,
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD572172DB1F3E5332E8BFEEF" authority="Zhang &amp; Zhang, 2017" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2017" box="[676,947,325,348]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD572172DB1F3E5332E8BFEEF" box="[676,947,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Phymorhynchus oculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7BB57C0D572172DB0EBE533292DFEEF" box="[956,1045,325,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD572172DB0EBE533292DFEEF" bold="true" box="[956,1045,325,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
represents the first
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD572172DB7A6E53328A4FEEF" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1908" box="[1265,1436,325,348]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD572172DB7A6E53328A4FEEF" box="[1265,1436,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Phymorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species that occurs in a chemosynthetic environment that possesses eyes. The presence of prominent eyes is extraordinary for a resident of deep-water hydrothermal vents, which indicates that the invasion of
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD572172DB7A6E5FC2DC9FE77" authority="Zhang &amp; Zhang, 2017" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oculatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD572172DB7A6E5FC2DC9FE77" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Phymorhynchus oculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D7BB57C0D572172DB3AFE5DB2C76FE77" box="[248,334,429,452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" rank="species">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD572172DB3AFE5DB2C76FE77" bold="true" box="[248,334,429,452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
to the vent habitat may happened recently. In another case, however, the larvae may undergo migration to the epipelagic zone, as do some deep-sea conoideans (
<bibRefCitation id="9A6D4B58D572172DB1ABE5A62EC7FE54" author="Bouchet" box="[764,1023,464,487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" refString="Bouchet, P. &amp; Waren, A. (1994) Ontogenetic migration and dispersal of deep-sea gastropod larvae. In: Young, C. M. &amp; Eckelbarger, K. J. (Eds.), Reproduction, larval biology and recruitment of the deep-sea benthos. Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 98 - 117." type="book chapter" year="1994">Bouchet &amp; Warén 1994</bibRefCitation>
). But so far, development of members of
<taxonomicName id="39FC4D2AD572172DB3E3E5842C67FDBA" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1908" box="[180,351,498,521]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Phymorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="443" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CC88EABBD572172DB3E3E5842C67FDBA" box="[180,351,498,521]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Phymorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is still poorly known and so there is no evidence to indicate that larvae of these species migrate to the epipelagic zone. Further study will be needed to solve this issue.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE4336A9D572172DB390E64E2CB1FD6A" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,729]" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">
This research was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA1103040102, XDA1102030505) and Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS (QYZDB-SSW- DQC036). We would like to express our sincere thanks to the crews of R/V KEXUE for their cooperation during the survey. Special gratitude to Dr. Yu. I. Kantor (Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution,
<collectingCountry id="86EB7639D572172DB7C5E6D629E3FD04" box="[1170,1243,672,695]" name="Russia" pageId="2" pageNumber="443">Russia</collectingCountry>
) for providing us with helpful reference.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>