353 lines
41 KiB
XML
353 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="35E39F293697F5D658FA40CB225A0218" ID-CLB-Dataset="296049" ID-DOI="10.26879/927" ID-GBIF-Dataset="04f39a44-67ac-43d8-966f-8f17dfb84c6e" ID-ISSN="1094-8074" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11063018" ID-ZooBank="85243BE0-848D-4999-A0AD-02B2E0AACBFF" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1714012798650" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Vachard, Daniel, Coze, François Le, Cózar, Pedro & Gaillot, Jérémie" docDate="2019" docId="03E8C53DFF8E831EFCD1A6B9FCD9C38A" docLanguage="en" docName="PalaeontolElectron.22.1.4A.pdf" docOrigin="Palaeontologia Electronica (4 A) 22 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/927" docStyle="DocumentStyle:322FC57CC99045555090E8A84CFB029A.4:PalaeontolElectron.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="322FC57CC99045555090E8A84CFB029A" docStyleName="PalaeontolElectron.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Crassispirellina Gaillot, Vachard and Le Coze" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFD1BD45FF8C831AFF9EA402FFAEC215" masterDocTitle="Bozorgnites nom. nov. and Crassispirellina nom. nov.: New names for the preoccupied foraminiferal genera Bozorgniella and Crassispirella" masterLastPageNumber="7" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1715632159371" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D776434AAEC6662063FF8AC6E113DA36">
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<mods:title id="1FF797B9593AB4ACCFA352F0CD26770A">Bozorgnites nom. nov. and Crassispirellina nom. nov.: New names for the preoccupied foraminiferal genera Bozorgniella and Crassispirella</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="42817D2AFC636E447B77DBCFCBBACA83" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AF775181171FFE4461788A7DEEEB1C8A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="50A5A41FA65743C215EB5FE49906DA5B">Vachard, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="98C56AA95A24BC560B79A5C644CB475E">Coze, François Le</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="85E353BA20D8FC9FFF3AEA3394E3BABE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="55B082967DCE9DFEE7DBD17CEA9A59E5">Cózar, Pedro</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8E936FF9C72EE5742CE537A94AB4E978" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8093BB856BF5E375C61AEA6E03200089">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="FAE64A9A4C244EAC09C51AB5B298FC29">Gaillot, Jérémie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D582D2FDBD39E76BC8E3C9A206846D34">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E02A05EEBE40BB0C4CCCE01D40346B51">Palaeontologia Electronica</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="609DBF9DF7F8308FC0ABCBBE815E8304">
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<mods:date id="A40EEA8BD4929009A250A13A3D14563F">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="249CEA68B531CFEBC41F448B8C75A4F1">4 A</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="07B54BA00437DC7662A438A627A996FC">2019-01-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="26D59F8840A54C985A404D39AD3BBD8A">22</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E8C53DFF8E831EFCD1A6B9FCD9C38A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11187844" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11187844" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E8C53DFF8E831EFCD1A6B9FCD9C38A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E8C53DFF8E831EFCD1A6B9FCD9C38A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="C35B27A0FF8E8318FCD1A6B9FB6DC101" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF8E8318FCD1A6B9FB6DC101" blockId="2.[847,1432,635,788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D0B6C347FF8E8318FCD1A6B9FB6DC101" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8E8318FC3BA6B9FC11C0E0" ID-CoL="7ZTS2" authority="Gaillot, Vachard and Le Coze" authorityName="Gaillot, Vachard and Le Coze" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirellina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">CRASSISPIRELLINA Gaillot, Vachard and Le Coze</taxonomicName>
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pro
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<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8E8318FC6BA6D9FBCFC101" authority="Gaillot and Vachard, 2007" authorityName="Gaillot and Vachard" authorityYear="2007" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FC6BA6D9FB3BC0E1" box="[1013,1173,731,756]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Crassispirella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD009DAFF8E8318FB02A6D9FBCFC101" author="Gaillot, J. & Vachard, D." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref2398" refString="Gaillot, J. and Vachard, D. 2007. The Khuff Formation (Middle East) and time-equivalents in Turkey and South China: biostratigraphy from Capitanian to Changhsingian times (Permian), new foraminiferal taxa, and palaeogeographical implications. Coloquios de Paleontologia, 57: 37 - 223." year="2007">Gaillot and Vachard, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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emend.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B27A0FF8E8318FCD6A724FA2BC12F" box="[840,1413,806,826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF8E8318FCD6A724FA2BC12F" blockId="2.[840,1413,806,826]" box="[840,1413,806,826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FCD6A724FA2BC12F" bold="true" box="[840,1413,806,826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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zoobank.org/
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<uuid id="FFE74EFEFF8E8318FC4DA724FA2BC12F" box="[979,1413,806,826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">06FFF8DF-611D-4872-B9F8-651AA8A6B8C2</uuid>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B27A0FF8E8318FCD6A749FBFBC1B1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF8E8318FCD6A749FBFBC1B1" blockId="2.[840,1441,843,1860]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FCD6A749FC78C171" bold="true" box="[840,982,843,868]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Derivative of
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<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8E8318FBE0A749FAB0C171" authorityName="Gaillot and Vachard" authorityYear="2007" box="[1150,1310,843,868]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FBE0A749FAB0C171" box="[1150,1310,843,868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Crassispirella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Latin crassus (= fat), spira (= spire); i.e., thick-walled. The genus is feminine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B27A0FF8E8318FCD6A7A9FB9CC651" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF8E8318FCD6A7A9FB9CC651" blockId="2.[840,1441,843,1860]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FCD6A7A9FC52C1D0" bold="true" box="[840,1020,939,965]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type Species.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8E8318FB96A7A9FC58C1F1" ID-CoL="828WW" authority="Gaillot and Vachard, 2007" authorityName="Gaillot and Vachard" authorityYear="2007" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="hughesi">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FB96A7A9FABEC1D1" box="[1032,1296,939,964]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Crassispirella hughesi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD009DAFF8E8318FA82A7A9FC58C1F1" author="Gaillot, J. & Vachard, D." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref2398" refString="Gaillot, J. and Vachard, D. 2007. The Khuff Formation (Middle East) and time-equivalents in Turkey and South China: biostratigraphy from Capitanian to Changhsingian times (Permian), new foraminiferal taxa, and palaeogeographical implications. Coloquios de Paleontologia, 57: 37 - 223." year="2007">Gaillot and Vachard, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="137A68AEFF8E8318FB98A7C9FBDEC1F1" box="[1030,1136,971,996]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[189,280,1119,1142]" captionTargetBox="[406,1200,208,1044]" captionTargetId="figure-266@3.[300,1328,165,1101]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Crassispirellina hughesi (Gaillot and Vachard, 2007) modified from plate 55, figure 3; plate 56, figure 10; plate 59, figure 8; plate 66, figures 17-18; plate 69, figure 4 in Gaillot and Vachard (2007). 1, paratype relatively atypical (see comments in the text). 2, holotype. Axial section (see comments in the text). 3, paratype. Subequatorial section relatively well-preserved in the last whorls. 4-6, three paratypes in subaxial sections (see comments in the text for Figure 2.6). Scale bar equals 0.400 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11063022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11063022/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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). The
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<typeStatus id="54FACA89FF8E8318FB21A7C9FA8AC1F1" box="[1215,1316,971,996]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(plate 58, figure
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<quantity id="4CB9D9CEFF8E8318FC0DA7E9FC63C611" box="[915,973,1003,1028]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD009DAFF8E8318FC4AA7E9FAA6C611" author="Gaillot, J. & Vachard, D." box="[980,1288,1003,1029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref2398" refString="Gaillot, J. and Vachard, D. 2007. The Khuff Formation (Middle East) and time-equivalents in Turkey and South China: biostratigraphy from Capitanian to Changhsingian times (Permian), new foraminiferal taxa, and palaeogeographical implications. Coloquios de Paleontologia, 57: 37 - 223." year="2007">Gaillot and Vachard, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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=
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<figureCitation id="137A68AEFF8E8318FAB9A7E9FA0EC611" box="[1319,1440,1003,1028]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[189,280,1119,1142]" captionTargetBox="[406,1200,208,1044]" captionTargetId="figure-266@3.[300,1328,165,1101]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Crassispirellina hughesi (Gaillot and Vachard, 2007) modified from plate 55, figure 3; plate 56, figure 10; plate 59, figure 8; plate 66, figures 17-18; plate 69, figure 4 in Gaillot and Vachard (2007). 1, paratype relatively atypical (see comments in the text). 2, holotype. Axial section (see comments in the text). 3, paratype. Subequatorial section relatively well-preserved in the last whorls. 4-6, three paratypes in subaxial sections (see comments in the text for Figure 2.6). Scale bar equals 0.400 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11063022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11063022/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 2.2</figureCitation>
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herein) is deposited in the collection of Total Company, Pau (
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<collectingCountry id="F35634BBFF8E8318FC52A029FB89C651" box="[972,1063,1067,1092]" name="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">France</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B27A0FF8E8318FCD6A049FB17C771" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF8E8318FCD6A049FBD0C711" blockId="2.[840,1441,843,1860]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FCD6A049FC61C671" bold="true" box="[840,975,1099,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Test consisting of a proloculus followed by an undivided chamber. Planispiral coiling evolute. Some initial whorls are faintly glomospirally coiled. Aperture terminal simple. Thick porcellaneous wall bilayered with a darker tectum and an inner thicker greyish layer.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF8E8318FCD6A109FB17C771" blockId="2.[840,1441,843,1860]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FCD6A109FBAAC731" bold="true" box="[840,1028,1291,1317]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Other species.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8E8318FB8EA109FB08C731" authorityName="sensu Grozdilova" authorityYear="1956" box="[1040,1190,1291,1316]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Hemigordiidae" genus="Hemigordius" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FB8EA109FB08C731" box="[1040,1190,1291,1316]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hemigordius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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? sp. A sensu Ueno (2001, plate 2, figures 19-20);
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FB51A129FB44C751" box="[1231,1258,1323,1348]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">H.</emphasis>
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? sp. B sensu Ueno (2001, plate 2, figure 23).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B27A0FF8E8318FCD6A169FB3AC7F1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF8E8318FCD6A169FB3AC7F1" blockId="2.[840,1441,843,1860]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FCD6A169FC4DC790" bold="true" box="[840,995,1387,1413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Occurrence.</emphasis>
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Late Changhsingian of
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<collectingCountry id="F35634BBFF8E8318FB61A169FA33C791" box="[1279,1437,1387,1413]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
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; late Changhsingian of South
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<collectingCountry id="F35634BBFF8E8318FB22A189FAA8C7B0" box="[1212,1286,1419,1445]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">China</collectingCountry>
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; Changhsingian of
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<collectingCountry id="F35634BBFF8E8318FC38A1A9FC58C7D1" box="[934,1014,1451,1476]" name="Turkey" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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(Hazro); Lopingian of Persian Gulf (Gaillot and Vachard, 2007).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B27A0FF8E831EFCD6A1E9FCD9C38A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF8E8319FCD6A1E9FD36C762" blockId="2.[840,1441,843,1860]" lastBlockId="3.[192,793,1342,1879]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FCD6A1E9FC6EC411" bold="true" box="[840,960,1515,1540]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8E8318FC59A1E9FBD2C411" box="[967,1148,1515,1540]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirellina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FC59A1E9FBD2C411" box="[967,1148,1515,1540]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Crassispirellina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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nomen novum is a planispiral evolute
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<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8E8318FB9BA209FB36C431" authorityName="Lin" authorityYear="1984" box="[1029,1176,1547,1572]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="family">Neodiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
that mimics several characters of cornuspirids, but fundamentally differs from the cornuspirids by its bilayered wall with a dark tectum and a thick and clear inner layer (very visible in the penulminate whorl of the
|
|
<typeStatus id="54FACA89FF8E8318FAFBA289FCD1C4D1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|
:
|
|
<figureCitation id="137A68AEFF8E8318FC14A2A9FBA6C4D1" box="[906,1032,1707,1732]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[189,280,1119,1142]" captionTargetBox="[406,1200,208,1044]" captionTargetId="figure-266@3.[300,1328,165,1101]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Crassispirellina hughesi (Gaillot and Vachard, 2007) modified from plate 55, figure 3; plate 56, figure 10; plate 59, figure 8; plate 66, figures 17-18; plate 69, figure 4 in Gaillot and Vachard (2007). 1, paratype relatively atypical (see comments in the text). 2, holotype. Axial section (see comments in the text). 3, paratype. Subequatorial section relatively well-preserved in the last whorls. 4-6, three paratypes in subaxial sections (see comments in the text for Figure 2.6). Scale bar equals 0.400 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11063022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11063022/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 2.2</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8E8318FB84A2A9FB61C4D1" box="[1050,1231,1707,1732]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirellina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8E8318FB84A2A9FB61C4D1" box="[1050,1231,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Crassispirellina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
differs from other neodiscids by its planispiral coiling, and its test is discoid and biumbilicate. It encompasses several homeomorphous genera among the cornuspirids, which differ by their unilayered wall microstructure (e.g.,
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FE9AA13CFD85C742" box="[260,555,1342,1367]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FE9AA13CFD89C742" authority=", Postcladella" authorityName="Postcladella" box="[260,551,1342,1367]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Cornuspira" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">Cornuspira, Postcladella</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FDFBA13CFD75C742" authorityName="Rettori" authorityYear="1994" box="[613,731,1342,1367]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Hoyenella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FDFBA13CFD75C742" box="[613,731,1342,1367]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Hoyenella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); but all of these genera are very small-sized.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="DF3E24A3FF8F8319FF23A05DFDE7C6F9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11063022" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11063022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11063022/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[189,280,1119,1142]" targetBox="[406,1200,208,1044]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF8F8319FF23A05DFDE7C6F9" blockId="3.[189,1440,1119,1260]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FF23A05DFE9AC663" bold="true" box="[189,308,1119,1142]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FEA2A05DFCC2C663" authority="(Gaillot and Vachard, 2007)" baseAuthorityName="Gaillot and Vachard" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[316,876,1119,1142]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirellina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="hughesi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FEA2A05DFD95C663" box="[316,571,1119,1142]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Crassispirellina hughesi</emphasis>
|
|
(Gaillot and Vachard, 2007)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
modified from plate 55, figure 3; plate 56, figure 10; plate 59, figure 8; plate 66, figures 17-18; plate 69, figure 4 in Gaillot and Vachard (2007).
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FBF2A07FFB2FC681" bold="true" box="[1132,1153,1149,1172]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1,</emphasis>
|
|
paratype relatively atypical (see comments in the text).
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FE72A098FDAEC6A4" bold="true" box="[492,512,1178,1201]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2,</emphasis>
|
|
holotype. Axial section (see comments in the text).
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FBAEA098FBEAC6A4" bold="true" box="[1072,1092,1178,1201]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3,</emphasis>
|
|
paratype. Subequatorial section relatively well-preserved in the last whorls.
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FD18A0B5FD01C6DB" bold="true" box="[646,687,1207,1230]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">4-6,</emphasis>
|
|
three paratypes in subaxial sections (see comments in the text for Figure 2.6). Scale bar equals 0.400 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF8F8319FF64A17CFE19C542" blockId="3.[192,793,1342,1879]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
|
On the other hand,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FE79A17CFCB9C782" authority="Zhang" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2016" box="[487,791,1406,1431]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Megacrassispirella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FE79A17CFD6AC782" box="[487,708,1406,1431]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Megacrassispirella</emphasis>
|
|
Zhang
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in Zhang et al. (2016) has been described as being similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FED2A1BCFE42C7C2" authorityName="Gaillot and Vachard" authorityYear="2007" box="[332,492,1470,1495]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FED2A1BCFE42C7C2" box="[332,492,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Crassispirella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FD99A1BCFD12C7C2" box="[519,700,1470,1495]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirellina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FD99A1BCFD12C7C2" box="[519,700,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Crassispirellina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FE9BA1DCFE4CC7E2" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2016" box="[261,482,1502,1527]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Megacrassispirella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FE9BA1DCFE4CC7E2" box="[261,482,1502,1527]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Megacrassispirella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by its smaller size and smaller number of whorls. Nevertheless, some
|
|
<typeStatus id="54FACA89FF8F8319FF5EA21CFE9BC422" box="[192,309,1566,1591]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|
of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FEFCA21CFD2EC422" baseAuthorityName="Gaillot and Vachard" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[354,640,1566,1591]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirellina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="hughesi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FEFCA21CFD2EC422" box="[354,640,1566,1591]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Crassispirellina hughesi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<figureCitation id="137A68AEFF8F8319FD0CA21CFF49C442" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[189,280,1119,1142]" captionTargetBox="[406,1200,208,1044]" captionTargetId="figure-266@3.[300,1328,165,1101]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Crassispirellina hughesi (Gaillot and Vachard, 2007) modified from plate 55, figure 3; plate 56, figure 10; plate 59, figure 8; plate 66, figures 17-18; plate 69, figure 4 in Gaillot and Vachard (2007). 1, paratype relatively atypical (see comments in the text). 2, holotype. Axial section (see comments in the text). 3, paratype. Subequatorial section relatively well-preserved in the last whorls. 4-6, three paratypes in subaxial sections (see comments in the text for Figure 2.6). Scale bar equals 0.400 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11063022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11063022/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 2.1, 2.6</figureCitation>
|
|
) are possibly transitional to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FDAAA23CFCBEC442" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2016" box="[564,784,1598,1623]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Megacrassispirella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FDAAA23CFCBEC442" box="[564,784,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Megacrassispirella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The similarity between both genera is confirmed herein, and it could also be possible that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FF5EA29CFE32C4A2" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2016" box="[192,412,1694,1719]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Megacrassispirella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FF5EA29CFE32C4A2" box="[192,412,1694,1719]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Megacrassispirella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
belongs to the family
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FD37A29CFF42C4C2" authorityName="Lin" authorityYear="1984" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="family">Neodiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
and not to the Agathammininae, as originally stated. Alternatively, for classifications not based on the importance of the wall microstructure, an assignment of both genera to the Cornuspirinae might be acceptable.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF8F831EFC1CA13CFF44C02A" blockId="3.[840,1441,1342,1911]" lastBlockId="4.[192,793,166,959]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
|
Moreover, a poorly known genus, very large and described as bilayered,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FB0CA15CFA32C762" authority="Igonin, 1998" authorityName="Igonin" authorityYear="1998" box="[1170,1436,1374,1399]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Kozhimia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FB0CA15CFB51C762" box="[1170,1279,1374,1399]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kozhimia</emphasis>
|
|
Igonin, 1998
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, could be theoretically similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FB7AA17CFA36C782" box="[1252,1432,1406,1431]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirellina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FB7AA17CFA36C782" box="[1252,1432,1406,1431]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Crassispirellina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. However, this possible priority cannot be sustained for the following reasons. First, the two genera are of different ages:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FB88A1DCFB2DC7E2" authorityName="Igonin" authorityYear="1998" box="[1046,1155,1502,1527]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Kozhimia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FB88A1DCFB2DC7E2" box="[1046,1155,1502,1527]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kozhimia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is Ufimian (early Middle Permian), whereas
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FBA2A1FCFB5FC402" box="[1084,1265,1534,1559]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirellina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FBA2A1FCFB5FC402" box="[1084,1265,1534,1559]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Crassispirellina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is latest Permian in age. Second, the bilayered wall of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FCD6A23CFC18C442" authorityName="Igonin" authorityYear="1998" box="[840,950,1598,1623]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Kozhimia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FCD6A23CFC18C442" box="[840,950,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kozhimia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is not precisely described nor visible on the unique illustration of Igonin (1998). Third,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FCD6A27CFC1BC482" authorityName="Igonin" authorityYear="1998" box="[840,949,1662,1687]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Kozhimia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FCD6A27CFC1BC482" box="[840,949,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kozhimia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is only illustrated in equatorial section, and its perpendicular axial section remains hypothetically described in the text. Lastly,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FAACA2BCFA31C4C2" authorityName="Igonin" authorityYear="1998" box="[1330,1439,1726,1751]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Kozhimia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FAACA2BCFA31C4C2" box="[1330,1439,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kozhimia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was never redescribed after its creation, which makes any further comparison purely hypothetical. In reality,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F8319FC5DA31CFB9EC522" authorityName="Igonin" authorityYear="1998" box="[963,1072,1822,1847]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Kozhimia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FC5DA31CFB9EC522" box="[963,1072,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kozhimia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
seems to be more related to these large, late Early Permian and Middle Permian genera originally described as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF8F831EFA94A35CFE5BC2AA" authority="sensu Grozdilova, 1956" authorityName="sensu Grozdilova" authorityYear="1956" class="Tubothalamea" family="Hemigordiidae" genus="Hemigordius" kingdom="Chromista" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" order="Miliolida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF8F8319FA94A35CFA0EC562" box="[1290,1440,1886,1911]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Hemigordius</emphasis>
|
|
sensu Grozdilova, 1956
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, sensu Rauzer-Chernousova in Akopian (1974), and sensu Kobayashi (2002, figures 9.19, 9.20); secondly as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFD02A4E4FE07C30A" authority="sensu Ueno (1992)" authorityName="sensu Ueno" authorityYear="1992" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Neodiscus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFD02A4E4FCB6C2EA" box="[668,792,230,255]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Neodiscus</emphasis>
|
|
sensu Ueno (1992)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; thirdly as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFDB4A504FCB7C30A" box="[554,793,262,287]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Neohemigordius" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFDB4A504FD42C30A" box="[554,748,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Neohemigordius</emphasis>
|
|
sp.
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sensu Kobayashi (1993, plate 1, figure 3); and fourthly as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFEFCA544FEA2C36A" authority="Gaillot and Vachard (2007)" authorityName="Gaillot and Vachard" authorityYear="2007" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Uralogordius" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFEFCA544FE57C34A" box="[354,505,326,351]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Uralogordius</emphasis>
|
|
Gaillot and Vachard (2007)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
synonym of “
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFE28A564FDF9C36A" authority="sensu Baryshnikov et al. (1982)" authorityName="Ho" authorityYear="1959" box="[438,599,358,383]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Hemigordiidae" genus="Arenovidalina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFE28A564FDF9C36A" box="[438,599,358,383]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Arenovidalina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
” sensu Baryshnikov et al. (1982) not Ho (1959). Furthermore, the
|
|
<typeStatus id="54FACA89FF88831EFF5EA5A4FE8BC3AA" box="[192,293,422,447]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|
of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFED6A5A4FE18C3AA" authorityName="Igonin" authorityYear="1998" box="[328,438,422,447]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Kozhimia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFED6A5A4FE18C3AA" box="[328,438,422,447]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Kozhimia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has similarities with the transverse section of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFE1EA5C4FF51C3EA" authority="Reitlinger, 1950" authorityName="Reitlinger" authorityYear="1950" class="Tubothalamea" family="Hemigordiidae" genus="Hemigordius" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="discoideus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFE1EA5C4FD35C3CA" box="[384,667,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hemigordius discoideus</emphasis>
|
|
Reitlinger, 1950
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, illustrated by this author (plate 3, figure 14) from the Myachkovian (latest Moscovian) of
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F35634BBFF88831EFD7EA604FF48C02A" name="Russia" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF88831EFF64A644FD2EC1AA" blockId="4.[192,793,166,959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
|
Compared with the evolutionary scheme of the Tournayellida sensu Hance et al. (2011), the relationships of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFEE7A684FD80C08A" box="[377,558,646,671]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirellina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFEE7A684FD80C08A" box="[377,558,646,671]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Crassispirellina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFDF6A684FD44C08A" box="[616,746,646,671]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Cornuspiridae" genus="Cornuspira" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFDF6A684FD44C08A" box="[616,746,646,671]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cornuspira</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are similar to those of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFE35A6A4FD87C0AA" authorityName="Mamet" authorityYear="1970" box="[427,553,678,703]" class="Fusulinata" family="Tournayellidae" genus="Eoforschia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Archaediscida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFE35A6A4FD87C0AA" box="[427,553,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Eoforschia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFDF0A6A4FCBFC0AA" authorityName="Lipina & Pronina" authorityYear="1964" box="[622,785,678,703]" class="Fusulinata" family="Tournayellidae" genus="Eotournayella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Archaediscida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFDF0A6A4FCBFC0AA" box="[622,785,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Eotournayella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Similarly, in foraminiferal history, a phylogenetic lineage, existing among the Loeblichioidea, which initially displayed a very deviated coiling (e.g., in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFF5EA724FE8EC12A" authorityName="Brazhnikova" authorityYear="1962" box="[192,288,806,831]" class="Fusulinata" family="Dainellidae" genus="Dainella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Endothyrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFF5EA724FE8EC12A" box="[192,288,806,831]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Dainella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
or
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFECAA724FE4BC12A" authorityName="Simonova & Zub" authorityYear="1975" box="[340,485,806,831]" class="Fusulinata" family="Eoparastaffellidae" genus="Pojarkovella" kingdom="Chromista" order="Endothyrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFECAA724FE4BC12A" box="[340,485,806,831]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pojarkovella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), leads finally to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFD56A724FF5FC14A" authorityName="Cummings" authorityYear="1955" class="Fusulinata" family="Loeblichiidae" genus="Loeblichia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Endothyrida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFD56A724FF5FC14A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Loeblichia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, which is a planispiral and evolute genus. As a consequence,
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFEF1A764FDB8C16A" box="[367,534,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Crassipirellina</emphasis>
|
|
is maintained here in the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFF70A784FE2BC18A" authorityName="Lin" authorityYear="1984" box="[238,389,902,927]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="family">Neodiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
, even if the coilings of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFD02A784FCB6C18A" authorityName="sensu Ueno" authorityYear="1992" box="[668,792,902,927]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Neodiscus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFD02A784FCB6C18A" box="[668,792,902,927]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Neodiscus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFF6AA7A4FE06C1AA" box="[244,424,934,959]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Neodiscidae" genus="Crassispirellina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B935A839FF88831EFF6AA7A4FE06C1AA" box="[244,424,934,959]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Crassispirellina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are very different.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BFE742BFF88831EFC1CA4A4FCD9C38A" blockId="4.[840,1441,166,415]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
|
No biological or paleobiological explanations have been given for such patterns of evolution: gigantism in the planispirally evolute lineages; adoption of a discoid planispirally coiled test in lineages initially nautiloid to subglobular and with strong deviations of the coiling axis. This is a very interesting issue in the evolution of the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C410FA8FF88831EFAB6A564FCDDC38A" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1826" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="phylum">Foraminifera</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |