119 lines
13 KiB
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119 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="64782B0715E063048C0FD8ABE002C6DF" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3974.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67110af0-00a8-4fab-9025-cf54a705ba3e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="243714" ID-ZooBank="59DD0D8D-1F66-4F25-B8C1-57D94734BC39" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461219698134" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schmidt, Olga" docDate="2015" docId="03E887881821FFBC7CCEF87E2DEAFF45" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03974p340.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3974 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Xanthorhoini" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="338" masterDocId="FFD1FFF01829FFB67C59FE562E71FFBD" masterDocTitle="One century after: a reappraisal of the gnathos (sensu Pierce, 1914) in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)" masterLastPageNumber="340" masterPageNumber="328" pageNumber="336" updateTime="1698603722042" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="6E5BB5F565A27DBB1296BEA2F373E98B">One century after: a reappraisal of the gnathos (sensu Pierce, 1914) in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="764AEC331976D2331C41BB814F44EA33" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1DF11E6464322008AE545DC13006D36C">Schmidt, Olga</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B8A7BB9F475CF03423BE68654719EFBB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="24374EA9C472018B7662247F6BCBD4FA">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5F34134C76A167ECDEE0F99AB6412812">3974</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F7B98061E24EAC40DDD77D71B73EAAD3">3</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E887881821FFBC7CCEF87E2DEAFF45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121751" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119631515" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6121751" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E887881821FFBC7CCEF87E2DEAFF45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E887881821FFBC7CCEF87E2DEAFF45" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="338" pageId="8" pageNumber="336">
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<subSubSection id="C35B65151821FFBC7CCEF87E2DEAFF45" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="338" pageId="8" pageNumber="336" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFE369E1821FFBE7CCEF87E2FFAF9FF" blockId="8.[151,395,1576,1602]" box="[151,395,1576,1602]" pageId="8" pageNumber="336">
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<heading id="D0B681F21821FFBE7CCEF87E2FFAF9FF" bold="true" box="[151,395,1576,1602]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="336" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1821FFBE7CCEF87E2FFAF9FF" bold="true" box="[151,395,1576,1602]" pageId="8" pageNumber="336">
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Tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D1D1821FFBE7CBBF87E2FFAF9FF" box="[226,395,1576,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Xanthorhoini">Xanthorhoini</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFE369E1821FFBE7CCEF8382CCCF881" blockId="8.[151,1437,1646,1996]" pageId="8" pageNumber="336">
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D1D1821FFBE7CCEF8382FD7F93B" box="[151,422,1646,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Xanthorhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montanata">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1821FFBE7CCEF8382FD7F93B" bold="true" box="[151,422,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="336">Xanthorhoe montanata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B6F1821FFBE7DBDF8382CF4F93A" author="Schmidt" box="[484,645,1646,1671]" pageId="8" pageNumber="336" refString="Schmidt, O. (2013) The structure and musculature of male terminalia in the tribe Xanthorhoini Pierce and related tribes (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae), with particular reference to the Palaearctic and Australian regions. Zootaxa, 3721 (6), 552 - 572. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3721.6.3" type="journal article" year="2013">Schmidt 2013</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 1). Like in
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D1D1821FFBE7F1AF8382A51F93A" box="[835,1056,1646,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Cataclysme" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="riguata">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1821FFBE7F1AF8382A51F93A" box="[835,1056,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="336">Cataclysme riguata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the distal part of the tegumen is not sclerotized. The lateral somewhat triangular sclerotized projections of the tegumen are fused, not with the base of the uncus, but with the medial portion of the tegumen. However the proximal area of the anal tube with its long weakly sclerotized subscaphium is connected to the triangular sclerotized projections and membrane of the fultura superior (which is ventrad of the anal tube). I propose that the triangular sclerotized projections are homologous with the gnathos although this needs to be tested.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFE369E1821FFBE7C9EF9102A75F871" blockId="8.[151,1437,1646,1996]" pageId="8" pageNumber="336">
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D1D1821FFBE7C9EF9102FEFF8E2" box="[199,414,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Epirrhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternata">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1821FFBE7C9EF9102FEFF8E2" bold="true" box="[199,414,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="336">Epirrhoe alternata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="137A2A1B1821FFBE7DF5F9102F8DF8E2" box="[428,508,1862,1887]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 17" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1149,1172]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,201,1115]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1128]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 17. Male genitalia apically: 16. Stamnodes depeculata. 17. Epirrhoe alternata. Gnathos is shown in grey." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243722/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="336">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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). The sclerotization of the distal part of the tegumen is more pronounced than in
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D1D1821FFBE79DDF91E2F7EF83E" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Xanthorhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montanata">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1821FFBE79DDF91E2F7EF83E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="336">X. montanata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The gnathos arms are only slightly produced, distally merged with the tegumen and are triangular proximally. The base of the medium sized anal tube with its very thin subscaphium is connected to the gnathos arms and membrane of the fultura superior (which is ventrad of the anal tube).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF3E66161820FFBF7CCEFADA2B30FB1F" box="[151,1345,1164,1187]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243723/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="337" targetBox="[158,1435,204,1129]" targetPageId="9">
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<paragraph id="8BFE369E1820FFBF7CCEFADA2B30FB1F" blockId="9.[151,1345,1164,1187]" box="[151,1345,1164,1187]" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF7CCEFADA2F22FB1F" bold="true" box="[151,339,1164,1187]" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">FIGURES 18–19.</emphasis>
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Male genitalia apically:
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF7E16FADB2C1FFB1F" bold="true" box="[591,622,1165,1186]" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">18.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D1D1820FFBF7E2CFADA2D58FB1F" box="[629,809,1164,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Triphosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubitata">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF7E2CFADA2D58FB1F" box="[629,809,1164,1186]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">Triphosa dubitata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF7F6FFADB2D27FB1F" bold="true" box="[822,854,1165,1186]" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">19.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D1D1820FFBF7F05FADA2A5FFB1F" box="[860,1070,1164,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pareulype" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berberata">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF7F05FADA2A5FFB1F" box="[860,1070,1164,1186]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">Pareulype berberata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Gnathos is shown in grey.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF3E66161820FFBF7CCEF9F32B59F806" box="[151,1320,1957,1980]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243724/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="337" targetBox="[164,1431,1248,1923]" targetPageId="9">
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<paragraph id="8BFE369E1820FFBF7CCEF9F32B59F806" blockId="9.[151,1320,1957,1980]" box="[151,1320,1957,1980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF7CCEF9F32F22F806" bold="true" box="[151,339,1957,1980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">FIGURES 20–22.</emphasis>
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Male genitalia apically:
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF7E16F9F02C1FF806" bold="true" box="[591,622,1958,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">20.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D1D1820FFBF7E2CF9F32D2EF801" box="[629,863,1957,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Trichopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carpinata">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF7E2CF9F32D2EF801" box="[629,863,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">Trichopteryx carpinata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF7F35F9F02DFAF806" bold="true" box="[876,907,1958,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">21.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D1D1820FFBF7FCBF9F32A3FF806" box="[914,1102,1957,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Catarhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubidata">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF7FCBF9F32A3FF806" box="[914,1102,1957,1979]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">Catarhoe rubidata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF7802F9F02A0AF806" bold="true" box="[1115,1147,1958,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">22.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D1D1820FFBF78D8F9F32B53F806" box="[1153,1314,1957,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Idaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="337" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humiliata">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1820FFBF78D8F9F32B53F806" box="[1153,1314,1957,1979]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="337">Idaea humiliata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BFE369E1823FFBC7C9EFEC12DEAFF45" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="338">
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D1D1823FFBC7C9EFEC12FEDFF0D" box="[199,412,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Catarhoe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="338" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubidata">
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<emphasis id="B935EA8C1823FFBC7C9EFEC12FEDFF0D" bold="true" box="[199,412,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="338">Catarhoe rubidata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="137A2A1B1823FFBC7DF5FEC12F8EFF0D" box="[428,511,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 22" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[164,1431,1248,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,1236,1936]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 22. Male genitalia apically: 20. Trichopteryx carpinata. 21. Catarhoe rubidata. 22. Idaea humiliata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/243724/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="338">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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). The gnathos is well pronounced, sclerotized, narrowly articulated with the base of the uncus distally and fused in a complete ring proximally. The base of the very broad anal tube with its medium sized weakly sclerotized subscaphium is fused with the gnathos ring.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |