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<mods:title id="83DA997BF53947C754F680108E4669B2">Two new records of uncommon deep-sea perciform fishes from the Southwestern Atlantic</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="9DCF4D769D4FFFF7FF0B59560212F92E" ID-CoL="4VTYG" authority="Roule, 1921" authorityName="Roule" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,631,1655,1681]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombrolabracidae" genus="Scombrolabrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4FFFF7FF0B595601B9F92E" bold="true" box="[151,476,1655,1681]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Scombrolabrax heterolepis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4FFFF7FE7F59560212F92E" author="Roule" box="[483,631,1655,1681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" refString="Roule, L. (1921) Sur un nouveau poisson abyssal (Scombrolabrax heterolepis, nov. gen. nov. sp.) peche dans les eaux de L´ile Madere. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de L´Academie des Sciences, Volume 172, 24. 1534 - 1536." type="book chapter" year="1921">Roule, 1921</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4FFFF7FF0B59BB009FF90B" blockId="1.[151,636,1655,1716]" box="[151,250,1690,1716]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">(Plate 1)</paragraph>
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Longfin escolar, Black mackerel (English); Grilo-Preto (Portuguese, 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4FFFF7FCEA59FC03D9F94B" box="[886,956,1757,1780]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Brazil</collectingCountry>
); Escolarín (Spanish, 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4FFFF7FB3859FC0480F94B" box="[1188,1253,1757,1780]" name="Spain" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Spain</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4FFFF4FF0B580105E6FF68" blockId="1.[151,1437,1824,2036]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,152,215]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">
On 
<date id="2E7110359D4FFFF7FF58580101D6F885" box="[196,435,1824,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" value="2008-12-11">December 11, 2008</date>
, a small “gempylid” was caught by the TAMAR. The fish was caught 
<quantity id="9D379B109D4FFFF7FA9658010517F885" box="[1290,1394,1824,1850]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 miles</quantity>
off Praia do Forte, (12º39´911”S; 37º54´302”W), 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4FFFF7FD2858640295F8E0" box="[692,752,1861,1887]" name="Malta" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Mata</collectingCountry>
de São João, Bahia, 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4FFFF7FC795864044AF8E0" box="[997,1071,1861,1887]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, at 350 meters, with an electric reel, circle carbon steel hooks n. 12/0, 0.60 multifilament line, 0 
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sinker, and sardines (
<taxonomicName id="9DCF4D769D4FFFF7FB5D584A055FF83B" box="[1217,1338,1899,1924]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Clupeidae" genus="Sardinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clupeiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4FFFF7FB5D584A055FF83B" box="[1217,1338,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="60">Sardinella</emphasis>
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spp.) as bait. It was a mature female which measured 
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SL. A photograph was taken and the fish preserved. Eleven other specimens were collected off Bahia and Espírito Santo in 2000, in an oceanographic survey aboard the French oceanographic research vessel Thalassa, to provide data to the Brazilian Program REVIZEE; the specimens are deposited at the MNRJ and were also examined by us. The meristic and morphometric data of all specimens examined, and that of selected literature, are displayed in 
<tableCitation id="174D034E9D4CFFF4FB7A5F9C051AFF68" box="[1254,1407,189,215]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1 - A" captionStart-1="TABLE 1 – B" captionStartId-0="2.[151,239,263,287]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,239,690,714]" captionText-0="TABLE 1 - A. Scombrolabrax heterolepis. Meristic data of adults." captionText-1="TABLE 1 – B. Scombrolabrax heterolepis. Selected proportional measurements in rounded percentage of SL." pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Table 1.A–B</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4CFFF4FF0B5E260141FEA0" bold="true" box="[151,292,263,287]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">TABLE 1-A.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4CFFF4FEB05E290231FEA0" box="[300,596,264,287]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="9DCF4D769D4CFFF4FEB05E290235FEA0" box="[300,592,264,287]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombrolabracidae" genus="Scombrolabrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">Scombrolabrax heterolepis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Meristic data of adults.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035E1B057DFDEE" blockId="2.[151,1418,263,593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
Counts 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4CFFF4FE415E1B020EFEEE" author="Roule" box="[477,619,314,337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" refString="Roule, L. (1921) Sur un nouveau poisson abyssal (Scombrolabrax heterolepis, nov. gen. nov. sp.) peche dans les eaux de L´ile Madere. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de L´Academie des Sciences, Volume 172, 24. 1534 - 1536." type="book chapter" year="1921">Roule (1921)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4CFFF4FD0F5E1B0373FEEE" author="Grey" box="[659,790,314,337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" refString="Grey, M. (1960) Description of a Western Atlantic Specimen of Scombrolabrax heterolepis Roule and Notes on Fishes of the Family Gempylidae. Copeia, 3, 210 - 215." type="journal article" year="1960">Grey (1960)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4CFFF4FCC05E1B03B8FEEE" author="Fujii" box="[860,989,314,337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" refString="Fujii, E. (1983) Scombrolabracidae In: Uyeno, T., Matsuura, K. &amp; Fujii, E. (Eds.) Fishes Trawled off Suriname and French Guiana, 407. JAMARC, Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, 519 p." type="book" year="1983">Fujii (1983)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4CFFF4FBBA5E1B04BDFEEE" author="Cervigon" box="[1062,1240,314,337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" refString="Cervigon, F. (1996) Los peces marinos de Venezuela, Vol. IV. Fundacion Cientifica Los Roques, Caracas, 255 p." type="book" year="1996">Cervigón (1996)</bibRefCitation>
Present Study Number of specimens 1 1 
<date id="2E7110359D4CFFF4FCC05E44056EFEC3" box="[860,1291,357,380]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="1912-01-05">5 1 12</date>
Dorsal fin spines and rays XII + I, 
<date id="2E7110359D4CFFF4FDA85EB102DDFE18" box="[564,696,400,423]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="1914-12">14 XII</date>
+ I, 14 or 
<date id="2E7110359D4CFFF4FCB45EB103E4FE18" box="[808,897,400,423]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="1915-12">15 XII</date>
+ I, 
<date id="2E7110359D4CFFF4FC285EB1042EFE18" box="[948,1099,400,423]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="1914-12-15">14–15 XII</date>
+ I, 
<date id="2E7110359D4CFFF4FBE25EB10570FE18" box="[1150,1301,400,423]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="1914-12">14 XII</date>
+ I, 14–15 Anal fin spines and rays 14 or 15* II, 
<date id="2E7110359D4CFFF4FD375E9B031CFE6E" box="[683,889,442,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="1918-03">18 III</date>
, 
<date id="2E7110359D4CFFF4FC195E9B0426FE6E" box="[901,1091,442,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="1916-03-18">16–18 III</date>
, 
<date id="2E7110359D4CFFF4FBD25E9B056BFE6E" box="[1102,1294,442,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="1915-03">15 III</date>
,15–17 Pectoral fin rays 17 18 18–19 20 18 Lateral line scales 48–50 44–46 46–50 46 47–50 Lower gill rakers - 4 5-6 6 4–6
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF0B5D5301FEFD36" blockId="2.[151,411,626,649]" box="[151,411,626,649]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">*: No spines mentioned.</paragraph>
<caption id="0EB0667D9D4CFFF4FF0B5D93057BFD76" box="[151,1310,690,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF0B5D93057BFD76" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[151,1310,690,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4CFFF4FF0B5D93014CFD75" bold="true" box="[151,297,690,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">TABLE 1–B.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4CFFF4FEAC5D930232FD76" box="[304,599,690,713]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="9DCF4D769D4CFFF4FEAC5D930236FD76" box="[304,595,690,713]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombrolabracidae" genus="Scombrolabrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">Scombrolabrax heterolepis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Selected proportional measurements in rounded percentage of SL.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FDBC5DC404E5FCA3" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">McEachran &amp; Fechhelm* Grey Cervigón Present Study (2005) (1960) (1996)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035C11049BFCF8" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1278,816,839]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
Number of specimens No mentioned 
<date id="2E7110359D4CFFF4FC115C11049BFCF8" box="[909,1278,816,839]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="1912-01-01">1 1 12</date>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035C7B0543FCCE" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1318,858,881]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Head Length 34–35 34 34 30–34</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035CA40543FC23" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1318,901,924]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Snout Length 0 9–11 0 9 0 8 0 9–10</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035C910546FC78" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1315,944,967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
Eye diameter, horizontal 0 
<date id="2E7110359D4CFFF4FDB15C910434FC78" box="[557,1105,944,967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="1911-10-09" valueMax="1911-10-10" valueMin="1911-10-09">9–10 10 11</date>
0 8–11
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035CFB0543FC4E" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1318,986,1009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Upper jaw length 16–17 16 15 13–15</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035B240543FBA3" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1318,1029,1052]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Depth 24–25 24 29 22–24</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035B110543FBF8" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1318,1072,1095]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Predorsal length 40–43 40 -- 38–39</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035B7B0543FBCE" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1318,1114,1137]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Preanal length -- 68 -- 67–73</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035BA40543FB23" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1318,1157,1180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Pectoral fin length 30–36 35 36 31–37</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035B910543FB78" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1318,1200,1223]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
Pelvic fin length 14–15 
<date id="2E7110359D4CFFF4FC115B91049BFB78" box="[909,1278,1200,1223]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" value="1913-10-14">13 14 10</date>
–13
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035BFC0543FB4E" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1318,1242,1268]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">2nd. dorsal fin base -- 16 -- 15–18</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF035A290543FAA0" blockId="2.[151,1398,690,1311]" box="[159,1318,1288,1311]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Anal fin base -- 19 -- 19–22</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF0B5A6103C9FAE8" blockId="2.[151,940,1344,1367]" box="[151,940,1344,1367]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">* No original data; data of several authors, including juveniles and larvae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF4FF5A5A5E056AFA5B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1407,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4CFFF4FF5A5A5E01BBFA26" bold="true" box="[198,478,1407,1433]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
Based on examined specimens and literature (
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4CFFF4FB9A5AA104F9FA25" author="Roule" box="[1030,1180,1408,1434]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" refString="Roule, L. (1921) Sur un nouveau poisson abyssal (Scombrolabrax heterolepis, nov. gen. nov. sp.) peche dans les eaux de L´ile Madere. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de L´Academie des Sciences, Volume 172, 24. 1534 - 1536." type="book chapter" year="1921">Roule, 1921</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4CFFF4FB355AA10555FA25" author="Grey" box="[1193,1328,1408,1434]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" refString="Grey, M. (1960) Description of a Western Atlantic Specimen of Scombrolabrax heterolepis Roule and Notes on Fishes of the Family Gempylidae. Copeia, 3, 210 - 215." type="journal article" year="1960">Grey, 1960</bibRefCitation>
; Bond &amp; Uyeno, 1980; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4CFFF4FED75A8401BCFA00" author="Fujii" box="[331,473,1445,1471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" refString="Fujii, E. (1983) Scombrolabracidae In: Uyeno, T., Matsuura, K. &amp; Fujii, E. (Eds.) Fishes Trawled off Suriname and French Guiana, 407. JAMARC, Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, 519 p." type="book" year="1983">Fujii, 1983</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4CFFF4FE7B5A8402D9FA00" author="Nakamura" box="[487,700,1445,1471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" refString="Nakamura, I. (1991) Scombrolabracidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C (eds.) Smith's Sea Fishes, 1 st. edition, 825. Southern Book Publishers, Johannesburg, 1048 pp." type="book" year="1991">Nakamura, 1991</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4CFFF4FD565A8403F4FA00" author="Cervigon" box="[714,913,1445,1471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" refString="Cervigon, F. (1996) Los peces marinos de Venezuela, Vol. IV. Fundacion Cientifica Los Roques, Caracas, 255 p." type="book" year="1996">Cervigón, 1996</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4CFFF4FC035A8404BAFA00" author="Nakamura" box="[927,1247,1445,1471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" refString="Nakamura, I. &amp; Parin, N. V. (2002) Scombrolabracidae In: Carpenter, K. E. (Ed) The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Atlantic, FAO, Rome. 2127 p., Volume 3, Bony fishes part 2 (Opistognathidae to Molidae), sea turtles and marine mammals, 1806." type="book" year="2002">Nakamura &amp; Parin, 2002</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4CFFF4FB715A840130FA5B" author="McEachran" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" refString="McEachran, J. D. &amp; Fechhelm, J. D. (2005) Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico, Volume 2, Scorpaeniformes to Tetraodontiformes. University of Texas Press, Austin. 1004 p." type="book" year="2005">McEachran &amp; Fechhelm, 2005</bibRefCitation>
) (
<tableCitation id="174D034E9D4CFFF4FEF05AEB0187FA5B" box="[364,482,1482,1508]" captionStart="TABLE 1 - A" captionStartId="2.[151,239,263,287]" captionText="TABLE 1 - A. Scombrolabrax heterolepis. Meristic data of adults." pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Table 1.A</tableCitation>
&amp; 
<tableCitation id="174D034E9D4CFFF4FD9B5AEB0278FA5B" box="[519,541,1482,1508]" captionStart="TABLE 1 – B" captionStartId="2.[151,239,690,714]" captionText="TABLE 1 – B. Scombrolabrax heterolepis. Selected proportional measurements in rounded percentage of SL." pageId="2" pageNumber="61">B</tableCitation>
). Our data wide the range of some counts and body proportions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4CFFF5FF5A5AD102DDFF68" blockId="2.[151,1437,1407,2034]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,152,215]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
Body moderately elongate and compressed; head large, the interorbital region flat; eye very large, its diameter almost as long as the conical snout; mouth large, terminal, the upper jaw protractile, the lower projecting slightly beyond the upper; teeth in upper jaw in a row of small to moderate, compressed canines, with one or two very large, stout canines on either side of symphysis; teeth of lower jaw larger than those of upper, but none large canine present; first gill arch lower limb with 4 or 6 well developed denticulate gill rakers, one of them at the angle, and the upper limb with about 10 clusters of minute spines; opercle with two flat spines on posterior border. Two dorsal fins, the first with 12 spines and almost continuous with the second that has 1 spine and 14 or 15 soft rays; base of first dorsal fin almost twice the base of the second; anal fin with 2 or 3 spines and 15–18 soft rays, opposite and similar to second dorsal fin; caudal fin forked, moderately small; pectoral fin very long with 17–19 rays and almost reaches the anal fin origin; pelvic fin below origin of pectoral fin. Scales cycloid, irregular in size and shape and very deciduous; lateral line high on body, running close to the dorsal profile, ending slightly before the end of the second dorsal fin, and with 44–50 large, not deciduous scales. Vertebrae 30, 13 precaudal and 17 caudal. The gas bladder of adult specimens has bubblellike evaginations that fit into large lateral swellings with hollows (bullae) of the 5th to 12th vertebral parapophyses, a unique character among fishes. Color dark brown to grayish brown, the fins darker and the mouth lining black. Grows to about 
<quantity id="9D379B109D4DFFF5FDA35F9C02E2FF68" box="[575,647,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
SL.
</paragraph>
<caption id="0EB0667D9D4DFFF5FF0B5BCA02D1FA9C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199613/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[151,1436,271,1235]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4DFFF5FF0B5BCA02D1FA9C" blockId="3.[151,1436,1259,1315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4DFFF5FF0B5BCA0179FABC" bold="true" box="[151,284,1259,1283]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9DCF4D769D4DFFF5FEB85BCD022FFABC" box="[292,586,1260,1283]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombrolabracidae" genus="Scombrolabrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterolepis">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4DFFF5FEB85BCD022FFABC" box="[292,586,1260,1283]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Scombrolabrax heterolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. TAMAR 0 30, female, 238.9 mm SL. B. MNRJ 33610, 163.6 mm SL. C. Close-up of upper fangs of the TAMAR specimen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4DFFF5FF5A5A7102F5F923" blockId="3.[151,1437,1360,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4DFFF5FF5A5A710178FAD5" bold="true" box="[198,285,1360,1386]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Range.</emphasis>
Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, in tropical and subtropical waters between 100 and 
<quantity id="9D379B109D4DFFF5FAA75A7005F9FAD4" box="[1339,1436,1361,1387]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.374" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="1.374">1,374 m</quantity>
of depth. According to several authors (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FD0B5A570466FA2F" author="McEachran" box="[663,1027,1398,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="McEachran, J. D. &amp; Fechhelm, J. D. (2005) Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico, Volume 2, Scorpaeniformes to Tetraodontiformes. University of Texas Press, Austin. 1004 p." type="book" year="2005">McEachran &amp; Fechhelm, 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FB925A570569FA2F" author="Froese" box="[1038,1292,1398,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Froese, R. &amp; Pauly, D. (Eds.) Fishbase. World Wide Web Electronic Publication. www. fishbase. org, version March 2010." type="book" year="2010">Froese &amp; Pauly, 2010</bibRefCitation>
) it wouldn´t occur in the Eastern Pacific and Southeastern Atlantic, but its presence there is well documented off the west coast of South 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FED85AE501C9FA61" box="[324,428,1476,1502]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">America</collectingCountry>
, at about 21o S and 80o W, and with a sample from Easter 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FBDC5AE504EDFA61" box="[1088,1160,1476,1502]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Island</collectingCountry>
deposited at the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FDBD5AC80207F9BC" box="[545,610,1513,1539]" name="Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Chile</collectingCountry>
(MNHNC P. 6415) (
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FCFC5AC8040BF9BC" author="Melendez" box="[864,1134,1513,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Melendez, C. R., Galvez H., O. &amp; Cornejo C., A. (1993) Catalogo Colecccion de Peces Depositada en el Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Chile. Publicacion Ocasional, 47. Santiago, Chile. 224 p." type="book" year="1993">
Melendez 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4DFFF5FC7C5AC8047BF9BD" box="[992,1054,1513,1538]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
, 1993
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FBE75AC8056FF9BC" author="Parin" box="[1147,1290,1513,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Parin, N. V. (1986) Scombrolabracidae. In: Whitehead, P. J. P., Bauchot, M. - L., Hureau, J. - C., Nielsen, J. &amp; Tortonese, E. (Eds.), Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, UNESCO, Paris, 1473 p. Volume II, 974 - 975." type="book chapter" year="1986">Parin, 1986</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FA8B5AC800B3F997" author="Parin" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Parin, N. V., Mironov, A. N. &amp; Nesis, K. N. (1997) Biology of the Nazca and Sala-y-Gomez submarine ridges, an outpost of the Indo-West Pacific fauna in the Eastern Pacific ocean: composition and distribution of the fauna, its community and history. Adv. Mar. Biol. 32, 145 - 242." type="journal article" year="1997">
Parin 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4DFFF5FAC35AC805F9F9BD" box="[1375,1436,1513,1538]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
; Evseenko at al. 2004). In the Atlantic, it has been collected at sites very close to the African coast as MCZ 84369 (
<geoCoordinate id="3FFB50329D4DFFF5FEA3591601F6F9EE" box="[319,403,1588,1617]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="-20.033333">20o2´S</geoCoordinate>
and 
<geoCoordinate id="3FFB50329D4DFFF5FE4D59160255F9EE" box="[465,560,1588,1617]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" precision="925" value="-6.9833336">6o59´W</geoCoordinate>
) and 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FDEB591602D9F9EE" box="[631,700,1591,1617]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">RUSI</collectingCountry>
48874 (off West Coast, SE Atlantic, Cape Province, 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FAC959160082F9C9" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">South Africa</collectingCountry>
), and probably also occurs in the southeastern Atlantic as well (http://collections.mcz.harvard.edu/Fish/ FishSearch.htm and Anonymous, 2000-A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4DFFF5FF5A59860272F88E" blockId="3.[151,1437,1360,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
In the Western Atlantic it occurs from 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FD1659860287F97E" box="[650,738,1703,1729]" name="Canada" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Canada</collectingCountry>
to, at least, southern Bahia, in 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FBD2598604FDF97E" box="[1102,1176,1703,1729]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, including the Gulf of 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FF0B59ED0091F959" box="[151,244,1740,1766]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FF6359ED0108F959" box="[255,365,1740,1766]" name="Bermuda" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FEE659ED0276F959" box="[378,531,1740,1766]" name="Bahamas" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
, Caribbean, Lesser Antilles, 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FCFA59ED0387F959" box="[870,994,1740,1766]" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FC7259ED04F9F959" box="[1006,1180,1740,1766]" name="French Guiana" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="22D876659D4DFFF5FB4959ED0520F959" box="[1237,1349,1740,1766]" name="Suriname" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Suriname</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FAC959ED00B2F8B3" author="Coad" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Coad, B. W. (2008) Annotated Cheklist of Fishes of Canada. Internet link accessed in January 2009. http: // www. briancoad. com / complete % 20 list. htm" type="journal article" year="2008">Coad, 2008</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FF7F59D3023EF8B3" author="McEachran" box="[227,603,1778,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="McEachran, J. D. &amp; Fechhelm, J. D. (2005) Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico, Volume 2, Scorpaeniformes to Tetraodontiformes. University of Texas Press, Austin. 1004 p." type="book" year="2005">McEachran &amp; Fechhelm, 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FDF459D30327F8B3" author="Costa" box="[616,834,1778,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Costa, P. A. S., Braga, A. C., Melo, M. R. S., Nunan, G. W. A., Martins, A. S. &amp; Olavo, G. (2007) Assembleias de teleosteos demersais no talude da costa central brasileira. In. Costa, P. A. S., Olavo, G. &amp; Martins, A. S. (Eds.) Biodiversidade da fauna marinha profunda na costa central brasileira. Documentos REVIZEE, Score Central. Serie Livros, n. 24, 87 - 107. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro." type="journal article" year="2007">
Costa 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4DFFF5FD2959D3029CF8B4" box="[693,761,1778,1803]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">et al.,</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FCD359D303BDF8B3" author="Fujii" box="[847,984,1778,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Fujii, E. (1983) Scombrolabracidae In: Uyeno, T., Matsuura, K. &amp; Fujii, E. (Eds.) Fishes Trawled off Suriname and French Guiana, 407. JAMARC, Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, 519 p." type="book" year="1983">Fujii, 1983</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FC7859D304C1F8B3" author="Cervigon" box="[996,1188,1778,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Cervigon, F. (1996) Los peces marinos de Venezuela, Vol. IV. Fundacion Cientifica Los Roques, Caracas, 255 p." type="book" year="1996">Cervigón, 1996</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FB2C59D300B0F88E" author="Nakamura" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Nakamura, I. &amp; Parin, N. V. (2002) Scombrolabracidae In: Carpenter, K. E. (Ed) The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Atlantic, FAO, Rome. 2127 p., Volume 3, Bony fishes part 2 (Opistognathidae to Molidae), sea turtles and marine mammals, 1806." type="book" year="2002">Nakamura &amp; Parin, 2002</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FF7D5836026FF88E" author="Smith-Vaniz" box="[225,522,1815,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Smith-Vaniz, W. F., Collette, B. B. &amp; Luckhurst, B. E. (1999) Fishes of Bermuda: history, zoogeography, annotated checklist, and identification keys. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 4. 424 p." type="book" year="1999">
Smith-Vaniz 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4DFFF5FEE7583601D0F88F" box="[379,437,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
., 1999
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4DFFF2FF5A581D03F9FF43" blockId="3.[151,1437,1360,2028]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,152,1151]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4DFFF5FF5A581D034BF8E9" bold="true" box="[198,814,1852,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Previous records from the Southwestern Atlantic.</emphasis>
According to the ISH collection (Anonymous, 2000- B), the MCZ collection (http://collections.mcz.harvard.edu/Fish/FishSearch.htm) and 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FB35584305FDF8C3" box="[1193,1432,1890,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Costa, P. A. S., Braga, A. C., Melo, M. R. S., Nunan, G. W. A., Martins, A. S. &amp; Olavo, G. (2007) Assembleias de teleosteos demersais no talude da costa central brasileira. In. Costa, P. A. S., Olavo, G. &amp; Martins, A. S. (Eds.) Biodiversidade da fauna marinha profunda na costa central brasileira. Documentos REVIZEE, Score Central. Serie Livros, n. 24, 87 - 107. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro." type="journal article">
Costa 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4DFFF5FB6A58430551F8C4" box="[1270,1332,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
, several specimens of the longfin escolar were collected off the Brazilian Coast since 1966. No work dealing with it had ever being published other than simple listing of the species and not formerly reporting it from the area and widening its range. 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4DFFF5FE7358F302ABF853" box="[495,718,2002,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" refString="Costa, P. A. S., Braga, A. C., Melo, M. R. S., Nunan, G. W. A., Martins, A. S. &amp; Olavo, G. (2007) Assembleias de teleosteos demersais no talude da costa central brasileira. In. Costa, P. A. S., Olavo, G. &amp; Martins, A. S. (Eds.) Biodiversidade da fauna marinha profunda na costa central brasileira. Documentos REVIZEE, Score Central. Serie Livros, n. 24, 87 - 107. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro." type="journal article">
Costa 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4DFFF5FDA758F30212F854" box="[571,631,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
(2007)
</bibRefCitation>
report the capture of the specimens deposited at the MNRJ, from the Abrolhos Bank, off Bahia coast, between 922 and 
<quantity id="9D379B109D4AFFF2FCF95FB903A6FF0D" box="[869,963,152,178]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.374" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="1374.0">1374 m</quantity>
, and list them amongst one of the most abundant species (
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FEE95F9C02ADFF69" box="[373,712,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="9DCF4D769D4AFFF2FEE95F9C0249FF69" box="[373,556,189,214]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scombrolabracidae" genus="Scombrolabrax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Scombrolabrax</taxonomicName>
“heterurus”
</emphasis>
in the text), a novelty for the adults elsewhere in the world. 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FF0B5FC30107FF43" author="Parin" box="[151,354,226,252]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Parin, N. V., Shcherbachev, Y. N. &amp; Pakhorukov, N. P. (1995) Bottom and near-bottom fishes of the Rio Grande Rise (Southwest Atlantic Ocean). Journal of Ichthyology, 35, 9, 205 - 219." type="journal article" year="1995">
Parin 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FF405FC30172FF44" box="[220,279,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
, 1995
</bibRefCitation>
, reported this species from the Rio Grande Rise.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4AFFF2FF5A5E2600BCFE63" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FF5A5E2601D8FE9E" bold="true" box="[198,445,263,289]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Nomenclature note.</emphasis>
Several authors consider the year of Roule´s description as 1922 (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FA8C5E2905F2FE9D" author="Grey" box="[1296,1431,264,290]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Grey, M. (1960) Description of a Western Atlantic Specimen of Scombrolabrax heterolepis Roule and Notes on Fishes of the Family Gempylidae. Copeia, 3, 210 - 215." type="journal article" year="1960">Grey, 1960</bibRefCitation>
; Potthoff 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FF615E0C0120FEF9" box="[253,325,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">et al..,</emphasis>
1981; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FE0A5E0C027CFEF8" author="Fujii" box="[406,537,301,327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Fujii, E. (1983) Scombrolabracidae In: Uyeno, T., Matsuura, K. &amp; Fujii, E. (Eds.) Fishes Trawled off Suriname and French Guiana, 407. JAMARC, Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, 519 p." type="book" year="1983">Fujii, 1983</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FDB85E0C02CEFEF8" author="Parin" box="[548,683,301,327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Parin, N. V. (1986) Scombrolabracidae. In: Whitehead, P. J. P., Bauchot, M. - L., Hureau, J. - C., Nielsen, J. &amp; Tortonese, E. (Eds.), Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, UNESCO, Paris, 1473 p. Volume II, 974 - 975." type="book chapter" year="1986">
Parin, 
<date id="2E7110359D4AFFF2FDEC5E0C02CEFEF8" box="[624,683,301,327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" value="1986" valueMax="1990">1986</date>
</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FD7F5E0C0344FEF8" author="Parin" box="[739,801,301,327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Parin, N. V. (1990) Scombrolabracidae. In: Quero, J. C., Hureau, J. C., Karrer, C, Post, A &amp; Saldanha, L. (Eds.), Checklist of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic - CLOFETA. UNESCO, Paris, 1492 p. Volume II, 973." type="book" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FCB05E0C0451FEF8" author="Melendez" box="[812,1076,301,327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Melendez, C. R., Galvez H., O. &amp; Cornejo C., A. (1993) Catalogo Colecccion de Peces Depositada en el Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Chile. Publicacion Ocasional, 47. Santiago, Chile. 224 p." type="book" year="1993">
Melendez 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FC3A5E0C0385FEF9" box="[934,992,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
., 1993
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FBA35E0C0544FEF8" author="Santos" box="[1087,1313,301,327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Santos, R. S., Porteiro, F. M. &amp; Barreiros, J. P. (1997) Marine Fishes of the Azores. Annotated checklist and bibliography. Arquipelago, Life and Marine Sciences, Bulletin of the University of Azores, Supplement 1. Casa Editora, Ponta Delgada, Acores, Portugal. 244 p." type="book" year="1997">
Santos 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FB085E0C04A8FEF9" box="[1172,1229,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
., 1997
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FAB05E0C00B6FED3" author="Richards" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Richards, W. J. (2006) Scombrolabracidae. In: Richards, W. J. (Ed.), Early Stages of Atlantic Fishes, an Identification Guide for the Western Central North Atlantic, CRC Marine Biology Series, Taylor &amp; Francis Group, 2640 p. Volume II, 2151 - 2153." type="book chapter" year="2006">Richards, 2006</bibRefCitation>
) while others consider 1921 (
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FDB05E73028AFED3" author="Boschung" box="[556,751,338,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Boschung, H. T. (1992) Catalogue of Freshwater and Marine Fishes of Alabama. Bulletin of the Alabama Museum of Natural History, 14. University of Alabama, 266 p." type="book" year="1992">Boschung, 1992</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FD665E730444FED3" author="Smith-Vaniz" box="[762,1057,338,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Smith-Vaniz, W. F., Collette, B. B. &amp; Luckhurst, B. E. (1999) Fishes of Bermuda: history, zoogeography, annotated checklist, and identification keys. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 4. 424 p." type="book" year="1999">
Smith-Vaniz 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FC0F5E7303A8FED4" box="[915,973,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
., 1999
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FBB05E7305F2FED3" author="McEachran" box="[1068,1431,338,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="McEachran, J. D. &amp; Fechhelm, J. D. (2005) Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico, Volume 2, Scorpaeniformes to Tetraodontiformes. University of Texas Press, Austin. 1004 p." type="book" year="2005">McEachran &amp; Fechhelm, 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FF0B5E5901FBFE2D" author="Froese" box="[151,414,376,402]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Froese, R. &amp; Pauly, D. (Eds.) Fishbase. World Wide Web Electronic Publication. www. fishbase. org, version March 2010." type="book" year="2010">Froese &amp; Pauly, 2010</bibRefCitation>
). The very first description of the species comes in 1921 followed in the next year by another article, in a different journal (see References). So the correct date for the first description is 1921, not 1922.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4AFFF2FF5A5EC602E7FDCD" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FF5A5EC60269FDBE" bold="true" box="[198,524,487,513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Proposed Brazilian name.</emphasis>
“Grilo-preto”, meaning “black cricket” in Portuguese. This name is adopted by the local fishermen due to its color and morphological resemblance with the 
<taxonomicName id="9DCF4D769D4AFFF2FBCC5D2C0484FD98" box="[1104,1249,525,551]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gempylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gempylidae</taxonomicName>
“Grilo-branco” (white cricket), 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FECD5D13023BFDF4" box="[337,606,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Neopinnula americana</emphasis>
(Grey, 1953), another uncommon, silvery-white fish, collected at their main research area, Praia do Forte, Bahia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="12D5657E9D4AFFF2FF5A5D5C043EFBC0" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4AFFF2FF5A5D5C0157FC93" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FF5A5D5C023AFD28" bold="true" box="[198,607,637,663]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Biology data. Habitat and depth.</emphasis>
The specimen was caught at 
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depth, and about 
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from the ocean floor. It is a mesopelagic and benthopelagic species that inhabits the open ocean and the outer shelf and slope areas as well as underwater rises (
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FD005DE9034CFD5D" author="Parin" box="[668,809,712,738]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Parin, N. V. (1990) Scombrolabracidae. In: Quero, J. C., Hureau, J. C., Karrer, C, Post, A &amp; Saldanha, L. (Eds.), Checklist of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic - CLOFETA. UNESCO, Paris, 1492 p. Volume II, 973." type="book" year="1990">Parin, 1990</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FCA95DE9038AFD5D" author="Cervigon" box="[821,1007,712,738]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Cervigon, F. (1996) Los peces marinos de Venezuela, Vol. IV. Fundacion Cientifica Los Roques, Caracas, 255 p." type="book" year="1996">Cervigón, 1996</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FC675DE904DBFD5D" author="Boschung" box="[1019,1214,712,738]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Boschung, H. T. (1992) Catalogue of Freshwater and Marine Fishes of Alabama. Bulletin of the Alabama Museum of Natural History, 14. University of Alabama, 266 p." type="book" year="1992">Boschung, 1992</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FB565DE905F2FD5D" author="Parin" box="[1226,1431,712,738]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Parin, N. V., Mironov, A. N. &amp; Nesis, K. N. (1997) Biology of the Nazca and Sala-y-Gomez submarine ridges, an outpost of the Indo-West Pacific fauna in the Eastern Pacific ocean: composition and distribution of the fauna, its community and history. Adv. Mar. Biol. 32, 145 - 242." type="journal article" year="1997">
Parin 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FA935DE9052FFD5E" box="[1295,1354,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
, 1997
</bibRefCitation>
; Evseenko at al., 2004). The capture of the species at 
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reported by 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FC6B5DCC04B4FCB8" box="[1015,1233,749,775]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Costa, P. A. S., Braga, A. C., Melo, M. R. S., Nunan, G. W. A., Martins, A. S. &amp; Olavo, G. (2007) Assembleias de teleosteos demersais no talude da costa central brasileira. In. Costa, P. A. S., Olavo, G. &amp; Martins, A. S. (Eds.) Biodiversidade da fauna marinha profunda na costa central brasileira. Documentos REVIZEE, Score Central. Serie Livros, n. 24, 87 - 107. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro." type="journal article">
Costa 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FBDD5DCC0419FCB9" box="[1089,1148,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
(2007)
</bibRefCitation>
represents a new depth record.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4AFFF2FF5A5C160160FC7D" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FF5A5C160164FCEE" bold="true" box="[198,257,823,849]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Diet.</emphasis>
Examining the stomach contents of Praia do Forte´s specimen we found that it preyed recently on fishes, cephalopods, and crustaceans, but the remains were not identifiable. The same diet items were already reported by 
<bibRefCitation id="3E5E4B049D4AFFF2FEB25CA301ABFC23" author="Parin" box="[302,462,898,924]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" refString="Parin, N. V. (1990) Scombrolabracidae. In: Quero, J. C., Hureau, J. C., Karrer, C, Post, A &amp; Saldanha, L. (Eds.), Checklist of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic - CLOFETA. UNESCO, Paris, 1492 p. Volume II, 973." type="book" year="1990">Parin (1990)</bibRefCitation>
. The stomach contents weighted 0.61g and in it we also found four Nematoda parasites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A7036F59D4AFFF2FF5A5CEC043EFBC0" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FF5A5CEC02E3FC58" bold="true" box="[198,646,973,999]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Reproduction and spawning season.</emphasis>
The specimen from Praia do Forte was a ripe female. Egg diameter was between 0.23 and 0.31 mm and we estimated about 220/ 
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both ovaries that were full and had about the same size (
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3) and weight (4.86 g). According to 
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Potthoff 
<emphasis id="68BBEAE79D4AFFF2FBD95B3A04E6FB8B" box="[1093,1155,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
(1980)
</bibRefCitation>
, the “spawning probably occurs throughout the species range and the year”, because the larvae examined by them from the Atlantic Ocean were collected from February to April and from July to December.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>