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<document id="BDC982FDE2D83C401DFC896FCF723BBC" ID-DOI="10.3897/zoologia.37.e36514" ID-ISSN="1984-4689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13175881" ID-ZooBank="E03C0430-68C6-449B-A0AF-9FB0968FB38C" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722590035522" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cláudio, Vinícius C., Barbosa, Gedimar P., Rocha, Vlamir J. &amp; Rassy, Ricardo Moratelli Fabrício B." docDate="2020" docId="03FEB34E8900FFF88214AF2E82DEFB21" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoologia.37.e36514.pdf" docOrigin="Zoologia (e 36514) 37" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e36514" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9D87517C92C8E430512793D922E147D4.1:Zoologia.2017-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="9D87517C92C8E430512793D922E147D4" docStyleName="Zoologia.2017-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Carollia perspicillata Nogueira et al. 2014" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFC7CB36890BFFF48168AD378369FFE4" masterDocTitle="The bat fauna (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of Carlos Botelho State Park, Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil, including new distribution records for the state of São Paulo" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1722627286571" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="49207C8D874655F819EFEE16DFEBAAB7">The bat fauna (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of Carlos Botelho State Park, Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil, including new distribution records for the state of São Paulo</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7DD9A3DE924FD9ACC95A423BE586E651">Cláudio, Vinícius C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="881014685EB6FC519AC8EE835AE8A385">Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos. 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo. 04301 - 905 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. &amp; Instituto de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal do</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D38D15B9E415BFDAFF2DBDE0B3293E6B">Barbosa, Gedimar P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="81A114155BA17EAF8D06F8399FE82EA5">Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos. 13565 - 905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil. &amp; Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo. 04301 - 905 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="605EE39AC58EDB5843EBE51A94C2764C">Rocha, Vlamir J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4DD980D099A398C722F0D41CD4F88995">Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de São Carlos. 13600 - 970 Araras, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3F1A84FB94295767FAF9DAE00ED00EC9">Rassy, Ricardo Moratelli Fabrício B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6734B7D6485A4603244AB5FDDCC9883C">Zoologia</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="09E6A2BB17A3ADDDC9CD2EDDE9E63C9A">2020</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C34D51D38900FFFF8214AF2E862BFDD0" box="[892,1346,537,564]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE802588900FFFF8214AF2E862BFDD0" blockId="11.[892,1346,537,564]" box="[892,1346,537,564]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8214AF2E862BFDD0" ID-CoL="69DLM" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[892,1346,537,564]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8214AF2E8703FDD0" box="[892,1130,537,564]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Carollia perspicillata</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
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<figureCitation id="136C1EDD8900FFFF8556AF748716FDB3" box="[1086,1151,579,599]" captionStart="Figures 4–15" captionStartId="6.[159,226,1705,1725]" captionTargetBox="[238,1358,197,1690]" captionTargetId="figure-62@6.[238,1358,197,1690]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 4–15. Bat species captured in Carlos Botelho State Park, São Paulo state, Brazil: (4) Lampronycteris brachyotis; (5) Micronycteris microtis; (6) Micronycteris schmidtorum; (7) Desmodus rotundus; (8) Diphylla ecaudata; (9) Mimon bennettii; (10) Trachops cirrhosus; (11) Anoura caudifer; (12) Anoura geoffroyi; (13) Glossophaga soricina; (14) Carollia perspicillata; (15) Glyphonycteris sylvestris." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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Taxonomy.
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF82BDAF4787E1FD60" authority="Gray, 1838" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[981,1160,624,644]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF82BDAF478774FD67" box="[981,1053,624,643]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Carollia</emphasis>
Gray, 1838
</taxonomicName>
is represented in
<collectingCountry id="F34042C88900FFFF8442AF478609FD67" box="[1322,1376,624,643]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
by
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8416AF46872BFD45" authority="Solari &amp; Baker, 2006" authorityName="Solari &amp; Baker" authorityYear="2006" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="benkeithi">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8416AF468015FD45" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. benkeithi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF82E8AFB9872BFD45" author="Solari S &amp; Baker JR" box="[896,1090,654,673]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref28339" refString="Solari S, Baker JR (2006) Mitochondrial DNA sequence, karyotypic, and morphological variation in the Carollia castena species complex (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) with description of a new species. Museum of Texas Tech University 254: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2006">Solari &amp; Baker, 2006</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8520AFB88639FD45" authority="(Schinz, 1821)" baseAuthorityName="Schinz" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[1096,1360,654,674]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8520AFB887AAFD45" box="[1096,1219,654,674]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. brevicauda</emphasis>
(Schinz, 1821)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8416AFB8866EFD5B" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758) (Nogueira et al. 2014)" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8416AFB880FDFD5B" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. perspicillata</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF8528AF9B8669FD5B" author="Nogueira MR &amp; Lima IP &amp; Moratelli R &amp; Tavares VC &amp; Gregorin R &amp; Peracchi AL" box="[1088,1280,684,704]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="808 - 821" refId="ref26749" refString="Nogueira MR, Lima IP, Moratelli R, Tavares VC, Gregorin R, Peracchi AL (2014) Checklist of Brazilian bats, with comments on original records. Check list 10: 808 - 821. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.15560 / 10.4.808" type="journal article" year="2014">Nogueira et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The forearm is usually dorsally furred and can reach
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in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF858EAFFD8600FD39" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1254,1385,714,733]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF858EAFFD8600FD39" box="[1254,1385,714,733]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. perspicillata</emphasis>
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and
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in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF82E3AFDF876FFD1F" baseAuthorityName="Schinz" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[907,1030,744,763]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF82E3AFDF876FFD1F" box="[907,1030,744,763]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. brevicauda</emphasis>
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, and is naked and shorter than
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in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8240AE3180FCFCFD" authorityName="Solari &amp; Baker" authorityYear="2006" box="[808,917,774,793]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="benkeithi">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8240AE3180FCFCFD" box="[808,917,774,793]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. benkeithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the dorsal fur have a marked banding in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8441AE318024FCD3" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8441AE318024FCD3" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. perspicillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8215AE138091FCD3" baseAuthorityName="Schinz" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[893,1016,804,823]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8215AE138091FCD3" box="[893,1016,804,823]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and lacks a sharply defined banding in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8417AE138015FCB0" authorityName="Solari &amp; Baker" authorityYear="2006" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="benkeithi">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8417AE138015FCB0" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. benkeithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and the ventral fur is unicolored in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF858AAE758600FCB0" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1250,1385,833,853]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF858AAE758600FCB0" box="[1250,1385,833,853]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. perspicillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and slightly bicolored in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF829CAE578719FC96" baseAuthorityName="Schinz" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[1012,1136,863,883]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF829CAE578719FC96" box="[1012,1136,863,883]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while it is short with browntipped bicolored hairs in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF854CAE4987FAFC74" authorityName="Solari &amp; Baker" authorityYear="2006" box="[1060,1171,893,913]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="benkeithi">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF854CAE4987FAFC74" box="[1060,1171,893,913]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. benkeithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF85C9AE4A8667FC74" author="Allen H" box="[1185,1294,893,912]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="291 - 298" refId="ref22446" refString="Allen H (1890) Description of a new species of bat of the genus Carollia, and remarks on Carollia brevicauda. US Government Printing Office 13: 291 - 298. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.13 - 824.291." type="journal article" year="1890">Allen 1890</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF8472AE4A80D8FC4A" author="Cloutier D &amp; Thomas DW" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref23590" refString="Cloutier D, Thomas DW (1992) Carollia perspicillata. Mammali- an Species 417: 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3504157" type="journal article" year="1992">Cloutier and Thomas 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF82D4AEAC87C6FC4A" author="Simmons NB &amp; Voss RS" box="[956,1199,923,943]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref28181" refString="Simmons NB, Voss RS (1998) The mammals of Paracou, French Guiana: a neotropical lowland rainforest fauna. Part I. Bats. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 237: 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="1998">Simmons and Voss 1998</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF85D2AEAC86FAFC4A" author="Solari S &amp; Baker JR" box="[1210,1427,923,942]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref28339" refString="Solari S, Baker JR (2006) Mitochondrial DNA sequence, karyotypic, and morphological variation in the Carollia castena species complex (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) with description of a new species. Museum of Texas Tech University 254: 1 - 16." type="journal article" year="2006">Solari and Baker 2006</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF8242AE8E874DFC28" author="Lopez-Baucells A &amp; Rocha R &amp; Bobrowiec PED &amp; Palmeirim JM &amp; Meyer CFJ" box="[810,1060,953,972]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref25639" refString="Lopez-Baucells A, Rocha R, Bobrowiec PED, Palmeirim JM, Meyer CFJ (2016) Field Guide to Amazonian Bats. Editora INPA, Manaus, 173 pp." type="book" year="2016">López-Baucells et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF8544AE8E87CDFC28" author="Ruelas D" box="[1068,1188,953,972]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="363 - 382" refId="ref27950" refString="Ruelas D (2017) Diferenciacion morfologica de Carollia brevicauda y C. perspicillata (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) de Peru y Ecuador. Revista peruana de biologia 24: 363 - 382. https: // doi. org / 10.15381 / rpb. v 24 i 4.14063" type="journal article" year="2017">Ruelas 2017</bibRefCitation>
). The effectiveness of the diagnostic characters between
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF853EAEE087B6FC0E" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1110,1247,983,1002]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF853EAEE087B6FC0E" box="[1110,1247,983,1002]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. perspicillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8479AEE086E7FC0E" baseAuthorityName="Schinz" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[1297,1422,983,1002]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8479AEE086E7FC0E" box="[1297,1422,983,1002]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both with records in Southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F34042C88900FFFF851FAEC287D9FBEC" box="[1143,1200,1013,1032]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, are still discussed (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF8401AEC280B6FBC2" author="Dias D &amp; Peracchi AL" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="333 - 369" refId="ref23859" refString="Dias D, Peracchi AL (2008) Quiropteros da Reserva Biologica do Tingua, estado do Rio de Janeiro, sudeste do Brasil (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25: 333 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752008000200023" type="journal article" year="2008">Dias and Peracchi 2008</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF8280A9248708FBC2" author="Ruelas D" box="[1000,1121,1043,1062]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="363 - 382" refId="ref27950" refString="Ruelas D (2017) Diferenciacion morfologica de Carollia brevicauda y C. perspicillata (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) de Peru y Ecuador. Revista peruana de biologia 24: 363 - 382. https: // doi. org / 10.15381 / rpb. v 24 i 4.14063" type="journal article" year="2017">Ruelas 2017</bibRefCitation>
). Despite of some variations reported in the literature, useful characters to separate these species are: dorsal fur short in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8568A97887EEFB85" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1024,1159,1102,1122]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8568A97887EEFB85" box="[1024,1159,1102,1122]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. perspicillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5.0–7.0 mm) and longer in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8240A95B80CAFB9B" baseAuthorityName="Schinz" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[808,931,1132,1151]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8240A95B80CAFB9B" box="[808,931,1132,1151]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(7.0–
<quantity id="4CAFAFBD8900FFFF82BFA95B874BFB9B" box="[983,1058,1132,1151]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="8.6">8.6 mm</quantity>
); dorsal fur tricolored in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8465A95B86FAFB9B" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1293,1427,1132,1151]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8465A95B86FAFB9B" box="[1293,1427,1132,1151]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. perspicillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and tetracolored in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8286A9BD8703FB79" baseAuthorityName="Schinz" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[1006,1130,1162,1181]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8286A9BD8703FB79" box="[1006,1130,1162,1181]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; forearm sparsely haired in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF84E9A9BD80FFFB5F" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF84E9A9BD80FFFB5F" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. perspicillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and densely haired in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF851AA99F8787FB5F" baseAuthorityName="Schinz" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[1138,1262,1192,1211]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF851AA99F8787FB5F" box="[1138,1262,1192,1211]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and tibia length larger than
<quantity id="4CAFAFBD8900FFFF82F0A9F180B7FB3D" box="[920,990,1222,1241]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8295A9F187ECFB3D" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1021,1157,1222,1241]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8295A9F187ECFB3D" box="[1021,1157,1222,1241]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. perspicillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and smaller than
<quantity id="4CAFAFBD8900FFFF845CA9F18613FB3D" box="[1332,1402,1222,1241]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF8240A9D380CCFB13" baseAuthorityName="Schinz" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[808,933,1252,1271]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF8240A9D380CCFB13" box="[808,933,1252,1271]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF82BFA9D38753FB13" author="Pine RH" box="[983,1082,1252,1271]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref27490" refString="Pine RH (1972) The bats of the genus Carollia. Technical Monographs, Texas Agriculture Experimental Station 8: 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1972">Pine 1972</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF852CA9D38625FB13" author="Cloutier D &amp; Thomas DW" box="[1092,1356,1252,1271]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref23590" refString="Cloutier D, Thomas DW (1992) Carollia perspicillata. Mammali- an Species 417: 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3504157" type="journal article" year="1992">Cloutier and Thomas 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF843FA9D38035FAF1" author="Ruelas D" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="363 - 382" refId="ref27950" refString="Ruelas D (2017) Diferenciacion morfologica de Carollia brevicauda y C. perspicillata (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) de Peru y Ecuador. Revista peruana de biologia 24: 363 - 382. https: // doi. org / 10.15381 / rpb. v 24 i 4.14063" type="journal article" year="2017">Ruelas 2017</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF820DA8368085FAF1" author="Thomas M" box="[869,1004,1281,1301]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref28693" refString="Thomas M (2017) Carollia brevicauda. Bocas del Toro species databases, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. https: // biogeodb. stri. si. edu / bocas _ database / search / species / 1657? &amp; search _ key = brevicauda [Accessed: 13 / 10 / 2017]" type="url" year="2017">Thomas 2017</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF829DA83587CAFAF1" author="Lemos TH &amp; Tavares VC &amp; Moras LM" box="[1013,1187,1281,1301]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref25440" refString="Lemos TH, Tavares VC, Moras LM (2020) Character variation and taxonomy of short-tailed fruit bats from Carollia in Brazil. Zoologia 37: e 34587. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zoologia. 37. e 34587" type="journal volume" year="2020">Lemos et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE802588900FFFF820DA82887AEF99F" blockId="11.[807,1431,624,1779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Specimens from PECB (ZSP 008, 022, 023, 045; see
<tableCitation id="C6D537E38900FFFF8409A828805CFAB4" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="10.[159,209,905,925]" captionText="Table 6. Selected measurements (mm) and weigth (g) for specimens of Carolliinae and Stenodermatinae from PECB, São Paulo state, Brazil. See Material and Methods for description of measurements." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Table 6</tableCitation>
for measurements) have well-marked tetracolored dorsal fur, with light brown basal bands (ca 10% of the fur length), followed by a large dark brown band, a light brown band and dark brown tips; the venter is lighter and unicolored (
<figureCitation id="136C1EDD8900FFFF847DA8A18632FA4E" box="[1301,1371,1430,1450]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="12.[159,218,828,848]" captionTargetBox="[159,779,197,817]" captionTargetId="figure-763@12.[159,779,197,817]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 17. Tetracolored banding pattern on the dorsal fur of a specimen of Carollia perspicillata captured in the Carlos Botelho State Park, São Paulo, Brazil." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). The well-marked tetracolored dorsal fur diverge from the characters observed by other authors for the species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF85B9A8E4865EFA02" author="Pine RH" box="[1233,1335,1491,1510]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref27490" refString="Pine RH (1972) The bats of the genus Carollia. Technical Monographs, Texas Agriculture Experimental Station 8: 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1972">Pine 1972</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF842AA8E480B5F9E0" author="Cloutier D &amp; Thomas DW" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref23590" refString="Cloutier D, Thomas DW (1992) Carollia perspicillata. Mammali- an Species 417: 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3504157" type="journal article" year="1992">Cloutier and Thomas 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF828DA8C787A2F9E0" author="Dias D &amp; Peracchi AL" box="[997,1227,1520,1540]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="333 - 369" refId="ref23859" refString="Dias D, Peracchi AL (2008) Quiropteros da Reserva Biologica do Tingua, estado do Rio de Janeiro, sudeste do Brasil (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25: 333 - 369. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752008000200023" type="journal article" year="2008">Dias and Peracchi 2008</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF85BDA8C78625F9E0" author="Ruelas D" box="[1237,1356,1520,1540]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="363 - 382" refId="ref27950" refString="Ruelas D (2017) Diferenciacion morfologica de Carollia brevicauda y C. perspicillata (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) de Peru y Ecuador. Revista peruana de biologia 24: 363 - 382. https: // doi. org / 10.15381 / rpb. v 24 i 4.14063" type="journal article" year="2017">Ruelas 2017</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF843DA8C680E6F9C5" author="Lemos TH &amp; Tavares VC &amp; Moras LM" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref25440" refString="Lemos TH, Tavares VC, Moras LM (2020) Character variation and taxonomy of short-tailed fruit bats from Carollia in Brazil. Zoologia 37: e 34587. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zoologia. 37. e 34587" type="journal volume" year="2020">Lemos et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
), but the tibia length (averaging
<quantity id="4CAFAFBD8900FFFF85A2AB39864DF9C5" box="[1226,1316,1550,1569]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="16.8">16.8 mm</quantity>
), the dorsal fur length (averaging
<quantity id="4CAFAFBD8900FFFF8294AB1B8722F9DB" box="[1020,1099,1580,1599]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="6.8">6.8 mm</quantity>
), sparsely furred thumb and forearm, and skull features and measurements (
<tableCitation id="C6D537E38900FFFF85B7AB7D8641F9B9" box="[1247,1320,1610,1629]" captionStart="Table 6" captionStartId="10.[159,209,905,925]" captionText="Table 6. Selected measurements (mm) and weigth (g) for specimens of Carolliinae and Stenodermatinae from PECB, São Paulo state, Brazil. See Material and Methods for description of measurements." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Table 6</tableCitation>
) conforms to previous descriptions of
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8900FFFF855FAB5F87ABF99F" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1079,1218,1640,1659]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8900FFFF855FAB5F87ABF99F" box="[1079,1218,1640,1659]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. perspicillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE802588900FFFF820DABB18673F916" blockId="11.[807,1431,624,1779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Distribution. In
<collectingCountry id="F34042C88900FFFF8563ABB1872BF97D" box="[1035,1090,1670,1689]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
the species is widely distributed, recorded in all biomes and states (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF851FAB938646F953" author="Tavares VC &amp; Gregorin R &amp; Peracchi AL" box="[1143,1327,1700,1719]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="25 - 58" refId="ref28526" refString="Tavares VC; Gregorin R, Peracchi AL (2008) Diversidade de morcegos no Brasil: lista atualizada com comentarios sobre distribuicao e taxonomia. In: Pacheco SM, Marques RV, Esberard CEL (Eds) Morcegos no Brasil: Biologia, Sistematica, Ecologia e Conservacao. Armazem Digital Comunicacao Ltda, Porto Alegre, 25 - 58." type="book chapter" year="2008">Tavares et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF8450AB938034F931" author="Reis NR &amp; Peracchi AL &amp; Batista CB &amp; Lima IP &amp; Pereira AD" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref27752" refString="Reis NR, Peracchi AL, Batista CB, Lima IP, Pereira AD (2017) Historia Natural dos Morcegos Brasileiros: Chave de Identificacao de Especies. Technical Books, Rio de Janeiro, 416 pp." type="book" year="2017">Reis et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingRegion id="4993CCBA8900FFFF82EFABF58080F930" box="[903,1001,1729,1749]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
, the species is widely distributed, occurring in all the vegetational formations (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC67FA98900FFFF85EAABE88679F916" author="Garbino GST" box="[1154,1296,1759,1778]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="43 - 128" refId="ref24390" refString="Garbino GST (2016) Research on bats (Chiroptera) from the state of Sao Paulo, southeastern Brazil: annotated species list and bibliographic review. Arquivos de Zoologia (Sao Paulo) 47: 43 - 128." type="journal article" year="2016">Garbino 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2852D08907FFF881F7AE0B82C3FC6F" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[159,218,828,848]" targetBox="[159,779,197,817]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE802588907FFF881F7AE0B82C3FC6F" blockId="12.[159,779,828,907]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Figure 17. Tetracolored banding pattern on the dorsal fur of a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C5779DB8907FFF88075AE6E82BFFC89" authorityName="Nogueira et al." authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[285,470,857,877]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">
<emphasis id="B923DE4A8907FFF88075AE6E82BFFC89" box="[285,470,857,877]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Carollia perspicillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
captured in the Carlos Botelho State Park, São Paulo, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE802588907FFF881B3AEF582DEFB21" blockId="12.[157,780,962,1221]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Field observations. We captured 95 individuals (
<specimenCount id="9D51C9D18907FFF883DCAEF58062FC31" box="[692,779,962,981]" count="51" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">51 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D51C9D18907FFF881A0AED78258FC17" box="[200,305,992,1011]" count="44" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">44 females</specimenCount>
), all of them were taken at ground-level mist-nets in sampling sites M3, M4, M5, M6, M10, M13, M14, M16, M17, M18, M19, M20, M21, M22, M23, M24, M25, M27, M28, M31, M33 and M34 (Appendix 1). Captures occurred in all months except July and December. We recorded lactating females in February, May and November; pregnant females in January, April, September and October; and juveniles in January, February, March, April, May and June.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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