179 lines
18 KiB
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179 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.110.28890" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f1da8fd1-c783-4285-8db5-f80e9e680543" ID-PMC="PMC6232240" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-110-123" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4A74FF98E44E53441F7FFF998638FF8D" ID-PubMed="30429663" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1484695" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2003-110-123" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 110" ModsDocTitle="VernoniasubgenusAustrovernonia, a new subgenus from South America (Compositae, Vernonieae, Vernoniinae)" checkinTime="1555330609194" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Robinson, Harold & Funk, Vicki A." docDate="2018" docId="46CF87589CB572DBB0CB58DE36E784BF" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 110: 123-134" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 110" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.110.28890" docTitle="Vernonia (Austrovernonia) H. Rob. & V. A. Funk, subg. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="4A74FF98E44E53441F7FFF998638FF8D" lastPageNumber="131" masterDocId="4A74FF98E44E53441F7FFF998638FF8D" masterDocTitle="Vernonia subgenus Austrovernonia, a new subgenus from South America (Compositae, Vernonieae, Vernoniinae)" masterLastPageNumber="134" masterPageNumber="123" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1668139054281" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vernonia subgenus Austrovernonia, a new subgenus from South America (Compositae, Vernonieae, Vernoniinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Robinson, Harold</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Funk, Vicki A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>110</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>123</mods:start>
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<mods:end>134</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.110.28890</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.110.28890</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-110-123</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">4A74FF98E44E53441F7FFF998638FF8D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1484695</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="161677253" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:46CF87589CB572DBB0CB58DE36E784BF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/46CF87589CB572DBB0CB58DE36E784BF" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName LSID="23FBF03A-E4EF-5CAB-B38D-B70E1A5D9A50" authority="subg. Austrovernonia H. Rob. & V. A. Funk, subg. nov." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subg. nov." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Vernonia subg. Austrovernonia H.Rob. & V.A. Funk, subg. nov.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="129" type="subgeneritype">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="129">Subgeneritype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="129">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia incana" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">Vernonia incana</taxonomicName>
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Less.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="6" pageNumber="129" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="129">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="6" pageNumber="129">
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Semi-aquatic herbs 1.0-1.5 m tall, with base an apparently unbranched contorted taproot or rhizome, with fleshy lateral roots rather easily extracted from the soil. Stems striated, subsericeous with appressed T-shaped trichomes. Leaves alternate, sessile with narrow bases; blades linear to elliptical, margins sub-entire with sparse minute denticulations, apices narrowly acute, both surfaces with glandular dots, sub-sericeous with appressed T-shaped trichomes, abaxial surface somewhat paler; venation pinnate with usually 12 or more curving secondary veins on each side. Inflorescences cymbiform, with basal capitulum often appearing sessile as a result of 2-3 or more immediately subtending lateral branches, with branches loosely seriate-cymose. Capitula mostly appearing pedunculate as a result of lowered positions of subtending lateral branches; involucres sub-imbricate with 25-35 gradate involucral bracts in 3-5 series; receptacle flat or slightly convex, epaleate, ridges fringed with min
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="130" start="start">ute</pageBreakToken>
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trichomes; florets ca. 17 in capitula, corollas lavender to reddish, with basal tube narrowly cylindrical below, throat short, lobes narrowly lanceolate, without obvious multiple longitudinal ducts; anther thecae and apical appendages bearing glandular dots, bases spurred, acute, not tailed; style without enlarged basal node or disk, with sweeping hairs extending strongly on to upper shaft. Achenes cylindric, ca. 2 mm long, 10-ribbed, short twin-hairs dense on ribs, glands in furrows, with scattered idioblasts amongst elongate surface cells, walls with sub-quadrate raphids; pappus of ca. 40 scabrid capillary bristles ca. 7 mm long, with outer series vestigial and bristleform. Pollen ca. 40-50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µ">µ</normalizedToken>
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in diam. in fluid, tricolporate, sublophate with continuous perforated tectum between colpi.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="130" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="130">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="130">
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The single species is as follows:
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia incana" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">Vernonia incana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Less., Linnaea 4: 277. 1829. TYPE: "Brasilia meridionalis legit Sello[w]", [between Rio Grande do Sul,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Gabriel and Uruguay,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Catalán">Catalan</normalizedToken>
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Area]: Friedrich Sello[w] 3379,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">s.d.</emphasis>
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[1826].
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">Lectotype here designated: LL 00373309</emphasis>
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; isosyntypes:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">BR</emphasis>
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0000005536627,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">GDC</emphasis>
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G00327411,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">HAL</emphasis>
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0114069,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">K</emphasis>
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000497031,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">K</emphasis>
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001066026 (a mixed sheet with a Tweedie s.n., and Gillies 154-2 collection also mounted with the Sello[w] collection),
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">P</emphasis>
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00682761 and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">P</emphasis>
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00682762. None of the isosyntypes has the collecting number so they cannot be considered isolectotypes. A photograph of a specimen of this gathering from B is mounted and filed at
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">F</emphasis>
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0BN014552. There may be other isosyntypes that are not available on line [Images of type material cited above can be found online at JSTOR-Plants, continuously updated].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="130" type="synonomy">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="130">Synonomy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="130">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia immunis" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="immunis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">Vernonia immunis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Griseb., Symb. Fl. Argent. 163. 1879.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="130">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Griseb." class="Magnoliatae" family="Compositae" genus="Cacalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cacalia immunis" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="130" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="immunis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">Cacalia immunis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Griseb.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 970. 1891.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="130">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliatae" family="Compositae" genus="Cacalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cacalia incana" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="130" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">Cacalia incana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Less.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 138. 1898.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="7" pageNumber="130" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="130">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="130">
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Lessing worked at Berlin (B) and all of the
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliatae" family="Compositae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="130" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Compositae</taxonomicName>
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in that herbarium were destroyed during WWII (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hiepko, P" journalOrPublisher="Englera" pageId="9" pageNumber="132" pagination="219 - 252" refId="B6" refString="Hiepko, P, 1987. The collections of the Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem (B) and their history. Englera 7: 219 - 252" title="The collections of the Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem (B) and their history." volume="7" year="1987">Hiepko 1987</bibRefCitation>
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). There are seven isosyntypes in JSTOR from which one may select a Lectotype. There is also is a photograph at F of a B specimen that may have been some of the material Lessing studied but it is not indicated on the sheet. The LL specimen (now housed at TEX) was selected as the Lectotype (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Image of the selected lectotype for Vernonia incana Less. There are now six isosyntypes in European herbaria: all the specimens are similar, but the LL specimen was selected as the lectotype because it had the most complete information, including the collecting number and the label indicates that it had been in the Berlin herbarium before it was sent to S. F. Blake. [photo courtesy of JSTOR-Plants, continuously updated]." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.110.28890.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/240305" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">4</figureCitation>
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) because the label had the most complete information, including the collecting number and because the label information indicates that it had formerly been in the Berlin Herbarium. It was, at some point, sent to S.F. Blake (BARC) who worked at the herbarium of the US Department of Agriculture but also spent most of his free time at the US National Herbarium (US). In 1959, after his death, the Blake family sold his personal herbarium and library to C.L. Lundell (1959) who later transferred it to TEX [all of the Lundell specimens should be cited as LL]. The K specimen and one of the P specimens have a larger portion of the root than the others but they have less label information than the LL sheet. According to
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<bibRefCitation author="Vegter, IH" journalOrPublisher="Regnum Vegetabile" pageId="9" pageNumber="132" pagination="1 - 984" refId="B22" refString="Vegter, IH, 1986. Index Herbariorum, Part II(6), Collectors S. Regnum Vegetabile 114: 1 - 984" title="Index Herbariorum, Part II (6), Collectors S." volume="114" year="1986">Vegter (1986)</bibRefCitation>
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, Friedrich Sello[w] lived from 1789 to 1831 and his original herbarium was at B. In TL II, Stafleu and Cowan (pg. 500-501, 1985) indicate that Sello changed the spelling to Sellow in 1914 but later his family dropped the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘w’">'w'</normalizedToken>
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and returned to the original spelling. It seems best to acknowledge the differing opinions and list him as Sello[w].
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1484749" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.110.28890.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/240305" pageId="7" pageNumber="130" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="130">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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Image of the selected lectotype for
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia incana" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="130">Vernonia incana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Less. There are now six isosyntypes in European herbaria: all the specimens are similar, but the LL specimen was selected as the lectotype because it had the most complete information, including the collecting number and the label indicates that it had been in the Berlin herbarium before it was sent to S.F. Blake. [photo courtesy of JSTOR-Plants, continuously updated].
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="131">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="131" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
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collection date and location were determined by consulting
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<bibRefCitation author="Herter, W" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="9" pageNumber="132" pagination="119 - 149" refId="B4" refString="Herter, W, 1945. Auf den Spuren der Naturforscher Sellow und Saint-Hilaire. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 74: 119 - 149" title="Auf den Spuren der Naturforscher Sellow und Saint-Hilaire." volume="74" year="1945">Herter (1945)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Herter, WG" journalOrPublisher="Bot" pageId="9" pageNumber="132" pagination="61 - 98" refId="B5" refString="Herter, WG, Rambo, B, 1953. Nas pegadas dos naturalistas Sellow e Saint-Hilaire. Revista Sudamericana de botanica. Bot 10 (2): 61 - 98" title="Nas pegadas dos naturalistas Sellow e Saint-Hilaire. Revista Sudamericana de botanica." volume="10" year="1953">Herter and Rambo (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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which together provide a detailed guide to Sello[w]'s itinerary. Number 3379 was collected in 1826. The data from
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<bibRefCitation author="Herter, W" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="9" pageNumber="132" pagination="119 - 149" refId="B4" refString="Herter, W, 1945. Auf den Spuren der Naturforscher Sellow und Saint-Hilaire. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 74: 119 - 149" title="Auf den Spuren der Naturforscher Sellow und Saint-Hilaire." volume="74" year="1945">Herter (1945)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Herter, WG" journalOrPublisher="Bot" pageId="9" pageNumber="132" pagination="61 - 98" refId="B5" refString="Herter, WG, Rambo, B, 1953. Nas pegadas dos naturalistas Sellow e Saint-Hilaire. Revista Sudamericana de botanica. Bot 10 (2): 61 - 98" title="Nas pegadas dos naturalistas Sellow e Saint-Hilaire. Revista Sudamericana de botanica." volume="10" year="1953">Herter and Rambo (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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say that the numbers 3331-3623 were collected between Rio Grande do Sul,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Gabriel (Brazil) and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Catalán">Catalan</normalizedToken>
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, Uruguay. Given the low collecting number, it would seem fairly certain that this collection was made in 1826 in southern Brazil between
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Gabriel in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) and the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Catalán">Catalan</normalizedToken>
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area in the department of Artigas just south of the city of Artigas (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Uruguáy">Uruguay</normalizedToken>
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) and just across the Uruguay River from Brazil. Both of the maps (
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<bibRefCitation author="Herter, W" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="9" pageNumber="132" pagination="119 - 149" refId="B4" refString="Herter, W, 1945. Auf den Spuren der Naturforscher Sellow und Saint-Hilaire. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 74: 119 - 149" title="Auf den Spuren der Naturforscher Sellow und Saint-Hilaire." volume="74" year="1945">Herter 1945</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Herter, WG" journalOrPublisher="Bot" pageId="9" pageNumber="132" pagination="61 - 98" refId="B5" refString="Herter, WG, Rambo, B, 1953. Nas pegadas dos naturalistas Sellow e Saint-Hilaire. Revista Sudamericana de botanica. Bot 10 (2): 61 - 98" title="Nas pegadas dos naturalistas Sellow e Saint-Hilaire. Revista Sudamericana de botanica." volume="10" year="1953">Herter and Rambo 1953</bibRefCitation>
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), however, show all 1826 collections as being south of the Uruguay river in what is now Uruguay. As a result, we are continuing to list the locality between Rio Grande do Sul,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Gabriel (Brazil) and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Catalán">Catalan</normalizedToken>
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, Uruguay.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="131">According to J. Mauricio Bonifacino (MVFA), in the early 19th Century, Brazil had control of Uruguay and some collections made at that time (from what is now southern Brazil and Uruguay) were labelled as "Brasilia meridionalis".</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |