treatments-xml/data/BA/4B/E1/BA4BE1736F3E300EFF0FBC9CB8B8F8F2.xml
2024-06-21 12:49:25 +02:00

261 lines
30 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="0930E47FCE13C24A1D45A9EB68972EB2" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.180745" ID-GBIF-Dataset="66f073b9-f692-4384-8998-ac652d284c81" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="180745" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459816287665" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dimitrov, Dimitar, Álvarez-Padilla, Fernando &amp; Hormiga, Gustavo" docDate="2008" docId="BA4BE1736F3E300EFF0FBC9CB8B8F8F2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01698p056.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1698" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Tylorida striata Thorell 1877" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="4672990B6F3C300CFF98BC0BBC31FFE6" masterDocTitle="Until dirt do us apart: On the unremarkable palp morphology of the spider Sternospina concretipalpis Schmidt &amp; Krause, 1993, with comments on the genus Prionolaema Simon, 1894 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1698221422635" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="324B5855CB4FA1E853411A7CA0F42015" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8A4C3CDAACE817BCF614973B1541CAD2">
<mods:title id="49B5A9D798DB951881F0C9A722351D44">Until dirt do us apart: On the unremarkable palp morphology of the spider Sternospina concretipalpis Schmidt &amp; Krause, 1993, with comments on the genus Prionolaema Simon, 1894 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="66621A7187777BBB6154E53F4584D7C2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7DE127840AB815276F38D694D51B7726">
<mods:roleTerm id="76EA1C85D2BFCB72B7ACE33FA0C7D88B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F7E2F89EB1BEA6AF58605797BD386998">Dimitrov, Dimitar</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F173162E0511944F57CECB67CEBC1EC5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="85A422F3B45A881EA6FCBB11E93C5763">
<mods:roleTerm id="84FD4B716AE818BB471BAED582344D74">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="94987C724AB3D3B9B971EE2300CBAD7F">Álvarez-Padilla, Fernando</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D135659E1BB027B17551C9352F3478FA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6CB2788FE5566D091D12D763300463FC">
<mods:roleTerm id="547777EEF3864836904F24D4A1307539">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="68BB4A6283475AA7C6D02E9945BFCD95">Hormiga, Gustavo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2DAFAD6DB6E7F9BD94F5B841E68822CB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="28FA148DFC906D6B177EFA7F1978A6DE" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="4F0B791DC5550A668A0B666F462ECC6E">
<mods:title id="FD2F1FE9463F5602B8A93D868DFB961B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="FE796165FFF2442512488A583488E589">
<mods:date id="02DD51F4F4DA89E89F019A9AC5B78CBB">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C10ABFC1C90DF1D1C266F7287C7DBAD5" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B4F35C03824598C4BF5FFAEE5DCBBB74">1698</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="0E130DB941A4FD0E684995ED11C1E632" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E9C15C381C20D32A43507DD1C4C80A07">49</mods:start>
<mods:end id="673A981429D5A625B04109C4414B9698">56</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="7C3EE93DFF9163C04A473B79022443A7">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B242B15B094F16B7D55B03923506FD32" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.180745</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1DAEC1C4A78E3BC68450A3E2836468FF" type="GBIF-Dataset">66f073b9-f692-4384-8998-ac652d284c81</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F1B5BC9584A7505949C52E3AFFB27095" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0C9298C8528F7403336582A7C3F6D8E4" type="Zenodo-Dep">180745</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="BA4BE1736F3E300EFF0FBC9CB8B8F8F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6230527" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119354750" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6230527" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BA4BE1736F3E300EFF0FBC9CB8B8F8F2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA4BE1736F3E300EFF0FBC9CB8B8F8F2" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<subSubSection id="7AF803EE6F3E300EFF0FBC9CBD1EFF32" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF0FBC9CBE21FF57" blockId="2.[151,528,151,212]" box="[151,528,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="6915E7096F3E300EFF0FBC9CBE21FF57" bold="true" box="[151,528,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF0FBC9CBE21FF57" ID-CoL="7CZRV" authority="Thorell, 1877" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,528,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBC9CBE21FF57" bold="true" box="[151,528,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBC9CBD7EFF57" bold="true" box="[151,335,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Tylorida striata</emphasis>
(Thorell, 1877)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF0FBCB1BD1EFF32" blockId="2.[151,528,151,212]" box="[151,303,186,212]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
(
<figureCitation id="AAD94CE06F3E300EFF07BCB1BCD5FF32" box="[159,228,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1895,1919]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,313,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,300,1144]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877), male palps (Schmidt and Krauses S. concretipalpis holotype): A, left, ventral. B, left palp before separating it from the remains of the right palp, retrolateral. C, close up of right palp tibia, retrolateral (arrow points to the distal edge of the right tibia missing the cymbium). D, left palp, retrolateral (left femur labeled by right pointing arrow; femur of incomplete righ palp labeld by left pointing arrow). Scale bars 0.5." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180746/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
AD)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7AF803EE6F3E300EFF0FBD01BDC1FCE2" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF0FBD01BDC4FEC7" blockId="2.[151,987,266,577]" box="[151,501,266,289]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF0FBD01BDC4FEC7" authority="Thorell, 1877b: 427" authorityName="Thorell" authorityPageNumber="427" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,501,266,289]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Meta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBD01BD2BFEC7" box="[151,282,266,289]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Meta striata</emphasis>
Thorell, 1877b: 427
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF0FBD21BDD0FEA7" blockId="2.[151,987,266,577]" box="[151,481,298,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF0FBD21BDECFEA7" authority="Hasselt, 1882: 25" authorityName="Hasselt" authorityPageNumber="25" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,477,298,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Meta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBD21BD2BFEA7" box="[151,282,298,321]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Meta striata</emphasis>
Hasselt, 1882: 25
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF0FBD41BE63FE87" blockId="2.[151,987,266,577]" box="[151,594,330,353]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF0FBD41BE7CFE87" authority="Thorell, 1887: 140" authorityName="Thorell" authorityPageNumber="140" authorityYear="1887" box="[151,589,330,353]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Argyroepeira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigibba">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBD41BD4DFE87" box="[151,380,330,353]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Argyroepeira bigibba</emphasis>
Thorell, 1887: 140
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF0FBD61BE20FE67" blockId="2.[151,987,266,577]" box="[151,529,362,385]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBD61BD0DFE67" box="[151,316,362,385]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF0FBD61BD14FE67" box="[151,293,362,385]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Argyroepeira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Argyroepeira</taxonomicName>
s.
</emphasis>
Thorell, 1887: 142.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF0FBD81BE2BFE47" blockId="2.[151,987,266,577]" box="[151,538,394,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="12F2774B6F3E300EFF0FBD81BE2BFE47" box="[151,538,394,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF0FBD81BDFBFE47" authority="Simon, 1894a: 737" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="737" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,458,394,417]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Meta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBD81BCC6FE47" box="[151,247,394,417]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. striata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="B34376746F3E300EFF65BD81BDFBFE47" author="Simon" box="[253,458,394,417]" page="737" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" year="1894">
<bibRefCitation id="56732D946F3E300EFF65BD81BDA4FE47" author="Simon" box="[253,405,394,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="56" refString="Simon, E. (1894) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris, 1, 489 - 760." type="journal article" year="1894" yearSuffix="a">Simon, 1894a</bibRefCitation>
: 737
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, f. 809.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF0FBDA1BEECFDA7" blockId="2.[151,987,266,577]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBDA1BD0DFE27" box="[151,316,426,449]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF0FBDA1BD14FE27" box="[151,293,426,449]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Argyroepeira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Argyroepeira</taxonomicName>
s.
</emphasis>
Workman &amp; Workman, 1894: 19, pl. 19.
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF0FBDC1BEA1FE07" ID-CoL="7CZRP" authority="Bosenberg &amp; Strand, 1906: 187" authorityName="Bosenberg &amp; Strand" authorityPageNumber="187" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,656,458,481]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magniventer">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBDC1BD07FE07" box="[151,310,458,481]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. magniventer</emphasis>
Bösenberg &amp; Strand, 1906: 187
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 15, f. 397.
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF0FBDE1BE60FDE7" authority="Bosenberg &amp; Strand, 1906: 187" authorityName="Bosenberg &amp; Strand" authorityPageNumber="187" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,593,490,513]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Meta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBDE1BCC6FDE7" box="[151,247,490,513]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. striata</emphasis>
Bösenberg &amp; Strand, 1906: 187
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 15, f. 420.
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF0FBE01BEC3FDC7" authority="Schmidt and Krause, 1993: 7" authorityName="Schmidt and Krause" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1993" box="[151,754,522,545]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Sternospina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concretipalpis">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF0FBE01BD85FDC7" box="[151,436,522,545]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Sternospina concretipalpis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="56732D946F3E300EFE22BE01BEE8FDC7" author="Schmidt" box="[442,729,522,545]" pageId="2" pageNumber="56" refString="Schmidt, G. E. W. &amp; Krause, R. H. (1993) Spinnen von den Komoren III: Tetragnathinae und Metinae (Araneida: Araneidae). Teil I. Arachnologisches Magazin, 1, 4 - 9." type="journal article" year="1993">Schmidt and Krause, 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 7
</taxonomicName>
, f. 1.
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFCB6BE01BFEAFDC4" bold="true" box="[814,987,522,546]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">New synonymy</emphasis>
N.B. See
<bibRefCitation id="56732D946F3E300EFF65BE21BD90FDA7" author="Platnick" box="[253,417,554,577]" pageId="2" pageNumber="56" refString="Platnick, N. I. (2008) The world spider catalog, version 8.5. American Museum of Natural History, online at http: // research. amnh. org / entomology / spiders / catalog / index. html" type="book" year="2008">Platnick (2008)</bibRefCitation>
for complete list of citations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF0FBE79BDC1FCE2" blockId="2.[151,1436,626,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<typeStatus id="ED59EEC76F3E300EFF0FBE79BCEAFD6A" box="[151,219,626,652]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Types</typeStatus>
.
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFF75BE79BDD7FD6A" ID-CoL="7CZRV" authority="The" authorityName="The" box="[237,486,626,652]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFF75BE79BD97FD6D" box="[237,422,626,651]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Tylorida striata</emphasis>
: The
</taxonomicName>
location of the Thorells
<typeStatus id="ED59EEC76F3E300EFC82BE79BF7DFD6A" box="[794,844,626,652]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
is uncertain but most likely it is deposited in the Natural History Museum of the city of Geneva (Levi, unpublished notes) not examined.
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFB4CBE91BD22FD3D" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Sternospina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concretipalpis">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFB4CBE91BD22FD3D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Sternospina concretipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: male
<typeStatus id="ED59EEC76F3E300EFEFBBEC9BDFBFD3A" box="[355,458,706,732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from the
<collectingCountry id="4AF510F56F3E300EFDA5BEC9BE99FD3A" box="[573,680,706,732]" name="Comoros" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Comoros</collectingCountry>
Islands, Grande
<collectingCountry id="4AF510F56F3E300EFCF7BEC9BFE0FD3A" box="[879,977,706,732]" name="Comoros" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Comore</collectingCountry>
, Boboni,
<quantity id="F51AFD806F3E300EFBDABEC9B8A1FD3A" box="[1090,1168,706,732]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="625.0">625 m</quantity>
,
<date id="465C76A56F3E300EFB03BEC9B92AFD3A" box="[1179,1307,706,732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" value="1983-11-28">28.xi.1983</date>
, R. Jocqué (RMCA 160.838, examined).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7AF803EE6F3E300EFF5EBF19B8B8F8F2" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF5EBF19B851FB8A" blockId="2.[151,1436,626,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
Justification of the transfer: Detailed study of the
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFC8EBF19BFEAFCCD" box="[790,987,786,811]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Sternospina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concretipalpis">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFC8EBF19BFEAFCCD" box="[790,987,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">S. concretipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="ED59EEC76F3E300EFC7CBF19B826FCCA" box="[996,1047,786,812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
shows that this specimen has all diagnostic characteristics of
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFE71BF31BE62FCB5" box="[489,595,826,851]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFE71BF31BE62FCB5" box="[489,595,826,851]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. striata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including the shape of the conductor and embolus, the spermatic duct path, the shape of the paracymbium and the cymbium dorso-basal process (
<figureCitation id="AAD94CE06F3E300EFB89BF69B862FC9A" box="[1041,1107,866,892]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1895,1919]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,313,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,300,1144]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877), male palps (Schmidt and Krauses S. concretipalpis holotype): A, left, ventral. B, left palp before separating it from the remains of the right palp, retrolateral. C, close up of right palp tibia, retrolateral (arrow points to the distal edge of the right tibia missing the cymbium). D, left palp, retrolateral (left femur labeled by right pointing arrow; femur of incomplete righ palp labeld by left pointing arrow). Scale bars 0.5." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180746/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
AB). Although we did not examine the
<typeStatus id="ED59EEC76F3E300EFEB3BF81BD6CFC42" box="[299,349,906,932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFE1BBF81BDDDFC45" box="[387,492,906,931]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFE1BBF81BDDDFC45" box="[387,492,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. striata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, there are numerous good illustrations of this species available in the literature to facilitate identification (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="56732D946F3E300EFE6FBFB9BEEBFC2A" author="Chrysanthus" box="[503,730,946,972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="56" refString="Chrysanthus, P. (1963) Spiders from south New Guinea V. Nova Guinea (N. S., Zool.), 24, 727 - 750." type="journal article" year="1963">Chrysanthus, 1963</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="56732D946F3E300EFD72BFB9BF19FC2A" author="Chrysanthus" box="[746,808,946,972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="56" refString="Chrysanthus, P. (1975) Further notes on the spiders of New Guinea II (Araneae, Tetragnathidae, Theridiidae). -" type="book" year="1975">1975</bibRefCitation>
; Davies, 1998;
<bibRefCitation id="56732D946F3E300EFC73BFB9B89EFC2A" author="Tanikawa" box="[1003,1199,946,972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="56" refString="Tanikawa, A. (2004) Japanese spiders of the genus Tylorida (Araneae: Tetragnathidae). Acta arachnologica, Tokyo, 53, 151 - 154." type="journal article" year="2004">Tanikawa, 2004</bibRefCitation>
). The palpal fusion mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="56732D946F3E300EFEDCBFD1BEBEFC12" author="Schmidt" box="[324,655,986,1012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="56" refString="Schmidt, G. E. W. &amp; Krause, R. H. (1993) Spinnen von den Komoren III: Tetragnathinae und Metinae (Araneida: Araneidae). Teil I. Arachnologisches Magazin, 1, 4 - 9." type="journal article" year="1993">Schmidt and Krause (1993)</bibRefCitation>
proved to be a misinterpretation, probably as a result of the bad condition of the specimen. The two palps are not fused, but one of them lacks the cymbium together with the tegular and embolic divisions (see below). Based on these observations, we transfer
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFBF5B821B900FBA5" box="[1133,1329,1066,1091]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Sternospina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concretipalpis">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFBF5B821B900FBA5" box="[1133,1329,1066,1091]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">S. concretipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFACDB821BC8DFB8A" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFACDB821BC8DFB8A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Tylorida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and as a consequence the former genus becomes a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFC6EB858B866FB8A" box="[1014,1111,1107,1132]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFC6EB858B866FB8A" box="[1014,1111,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Tylorida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF5DB871B8C7FAEA" blockId="2.[151,1436,626,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
Another three species of
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFE70B870BE78FB72" box="[488,585,1147,1172]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFE70B870BE78FB72" box="[488,585,1147,1172]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Tylorida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have distribution ranges close (or including) the
<collectingCountry id="4AF510F56F3E300EFB1DB871B972FB72" box="[1157,1347,1146,1172]" name="Comoros" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Comoro Islands</collectingCountry>
:
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFAD5B870BDA5FB5A" authority="Thorell, 1877" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1877" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventralis">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFAD5B870BCE4FB5A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. ventralis</emphasis>
(Thorell, 1877)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFE3AB8A8BDC9FB5A" box="[418,504,1187,1212]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culta">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFE3AB8A8BDC9FB5A" box="[418,504,1187,1212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. culta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="4AF510F56F3E300EFD95B8A9BE17FB5A" box="[525,550,1186,1212]" name="Iceland" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">O</collectingCountry>
. P.-Cambridge, 1869) and
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFCFBB8A8B882FB5A" authority="Benoit, 1978" authorityName="Benoit" authorityYear="1978" box="[867,1203,1186,1212]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mornensis">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFCFBB8A8BFCBFB5A" box="[867,1018,1187,1212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. mornensis</emphasis>
(Benoit, 1978)
</taxonomicName>
. The three of them, however, have very different spermatic duct paths. Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFC38B8C0BFC6FB02" box="[928,1015,1227,1252]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culta">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFC38B8C0BFC6FB02" box="[928,1015,1227,1252]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. culta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in having an elongated and mostly cylindrical abdomen while
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFDB6B8F8BEF0FAEA" box="[558,705,1267,1292]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mornensis">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFDB6B8F8BEF0FAEA" box="[558,705,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. mornensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a distinctive dark marking on the abdomen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF5DB911BE0BF992" blockId="2.[151,1436,626,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
In the original description of
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFDB4B910BEC2FAD2" box="[556,755,1307,1332]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Sternospina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concretipalpis">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFDB4B910BEC2FAD2" box="[556,755,1307,1332]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">S. concretipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the authors claim that both palps are fused; if true this would be unique among spiders, as such a remarkable morphological feature has never been described for a spider (or any other arachnid, for that matter). Detailed study of the only available specimen indicates that this statement was a misinterpretation. The right palp of the specimen is broken and is missing all sclerites distal to the tibia (
<figureCitation id="AAD94CE06F3E300EFE9EB9B1BD76FA32" box="[262,327,1466,1492]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1895,1919]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,313,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,300,1144]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877), male palps (Schmidt and Krauses S. concretipalpis holotype): A, left, ventral. B, left palp before separating it from the remains of the right palp, retrolateral. C, close up of right palp tibia, retrolateral (arrow points to the distal edge of the right tibia missing the cymbium). D, left palp, retrolateral (left femur labeled by right pointing arrow; femur of incomplete righ palp labeld by left pointing arrow). Scale bars 0.5." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180746/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
CD). The left palp is slightly damaged (the tegulum is partially broken) but all structures can be observed (
<figureCitation id="AAD94CE06F3E300EFEADB9E9BD47FA1A" box="[309,374,1506,1532]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1895,1919]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,313,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,300,1144]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877), male palps (Schmidt and Krauses S. concretipalpis holotype): A, left, ventral. B, left palp before separating it from the remains of the right palp, retrolateral. C, close up of right palp tibia, retrolateral (arrow points to the distal edge of the right tibia missing the cymbium). D, left palp, retrolateral (left femur labeled by right pointing arrow; femur of incomplete righ palp labeld by left pointing arrow). Scale bars 0.5." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180746/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
AD). Several cotton fibers were holding the remains of the right palp to the cymbium of the left one, thus superficially giving the impression that both are connected, but careful examination of the specimen after removing the cotton fibers demonstrated that the two palps are not more fused together than they are in any other spider species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="325D50656F3E300EFF5DBA89B8B8F8F2" blockId="2.[151,1436,626,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
The record of
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFEE8BA88BDEAF97A" box="[368,475,1667,1692]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFEE8BA88BDEAF97A" box="[368,475,1667,1692]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. striata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the
<collectingCountry id="4AF510F56F3E300EFDAEBA89BEC3F97A" box="[566,754,1666,1692]" name="Comoros" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Comoro Islands</collectingCountry>
broadens considerably westwards the known distribution range for this species which is known from
<collectingCountry id="4AF510F56F3E300EFD06BAA1BED5F922" box="[670,740,1706,1732]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">China</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="4AF510F56F3E300EFC93BAA1BF4BF922" box="[779,890,1706,1732]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Australia</collectingCountry>
. This distribution is quite unusual considering the fact that there are no records of this species from the Indian peninsula. The disjunction may be an artifact resulting from fragmentary knowledge of the real geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName id="F5E22BE66F3E300EFB81BAF0B8B3F8F2" box="[1049,1154,1787,1812]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Tylorida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="00968C776F3E300EFB81BAF0B8B3F8F2" box="[1049,1154,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">T. striata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>