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<document id="009FF5BAF3B44EB62D72533F77A96B7D" ID-DOI="10.12651/JSR.2016.5.1.031" ID-ISSN="2713-8615" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13136330" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722356732108" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Sim, Chung Ja, Lee, Kyung Jin &amp; Kim, Young A" docDate="2016" docId="03D987FA9A6BDB3B305FFABEFE70A991" docLanguage="en" docName="JSpeciesRes.5.1.31-48.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Species Research 5 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.12651/jsr.2016.5.1.031" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372.2:JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372" docStyleName="JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Smenospongia nigra Sim, Lee &amp; Kim, 2016, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FFE0FF829A6ADB393310FFB7FF83AF7B" masterDocTitle="Twelve new species of two genera Smenospongia and Cacospongia (Demospongia: Dictyoceratida: Thorectidae) from Korea" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1722357183138" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="7729566AD06624824110059EB995C4D7">Twelve new species of two genera Smenospongia and Cacospongia (Demospongia: Dictyoceratida: Thorectidae) from Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E24B918C5BBD5E644C6DF09BE5A82F7E">Sim, Chung Ja</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2EFA34549E7A5027C0DDCF97EE9EDCB4">Lee, Kyung Jin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="75AF0FF90F29C4D3E01E1E3493FF8ECE">Kim, Young A</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B225D1FA642B2376D3BB25912D2BBC51">Journal of Species Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="67E9CEFDCB177324C81598F7063061E0">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2C2A5186C5D253A390FF76569B9D020F">2016-02-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="61E14555F96AD0E97BE83ABA0C8FABBF">5</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E7C8E406B74B516FF40A2849DF631F5F" type="DOI">10.12651/JSR.2016.5.1.031</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C3F3204DD015AAB056B16766A85B6B5B" type="ISSN">2713-8615</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D987FA9A6BDB3B305FFABEFE70A991" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D987FA9A6BDB3B305FFABEFE70A991" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D987FA9A6BDB3B305FFABEFE70A991" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<subSubSection id="C36A65679A6BDB38305FFABEFB67AA5A" box="[847,1252,1289,1314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCF36EC9A6BDB38305FFABEFB67AA5A" blockId="1.[847,1252,1289,1314]" box="[847,1252,1289,1314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A6BDB38305FFABEFB0CAA59" bold="true" box="[847,1167,1289,1314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
2.
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A6BDB383079FABEFBCFAA5A" ID-CoL="6Z3TL" authorityName="Sim &amp; Lee &amp; Kim" authorityYear="2016" box="[873,1100,1289,1313]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigra" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A6BDB383079FABEFBCFAA5A" bold="true" box="[873,1100,1289,1313]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Smenospongia nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23757859A6BDB383743FABDFB0CAA59" box="[1107,1167,1290,1314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="134B2A699A6BDB38378CFABEFB5FAA5A" box="[1180,1244,1289,1313]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[159,192,1922,1944]" captionTargetBox="[204,1382,257,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[204,1382,257,1890]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Smenospongia nigra n. sp. A, entire animal; B, closed surface; C, end of primary fibre; D, surface primary and secondary fibre; E, choanosome secondary fibres enclosed egg ball; F, choanosome skeletal structure; G, base secondary fibres; H, echinating primary fibres. Scale bars:A=3 cm, C-H=200μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13136334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13136334/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A65679A6BDB383028FAFDFA8AAABA" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCF36EC9A6BDB383028FAFDFA8AAABA" blockId="1.[824,1430,1353,1989]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A6BDB383028FAFDFC67AA1A" bold="true" box="[824,996,1353,1378]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Type specimen.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B183CB19A6BDB3830FAFAFEFA8AAABA" collectingDate="2013-10-14" collectionCode="SCUBA, NIBR" collectorName="Kim HS &amp; Depth" country="South Korea" county="Shinan-gun" elevation="20" location="Gageodo Island" municipality="Heuksan-myeon" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="NIBRIV0000321366" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonnam" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54CB884E9A6BDB3830FAFAFEFBCFAA1A" box="[1002,1100,1353,1377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCode id="DBD69E979A6BDB383747FAFEFABFAA1A" box="[1111,1340,1353,1377]" collectionCode="NIBRIV" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NIBRIV0000321366</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="F367767C9A6BDB38365DFAFDFA12AA1A" box="[1357,1425,1354,1377]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Korea</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49B4F80E9A6BDB383028FADDFC4CAAF9" box="[824,975,1386,1410]" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62AE4E609A6BDB3830CDFADDFBDCAAF9" box="[989,1119,1386,1410]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Shinan-gun</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BABAC969A6BDB38377DFADDFAA7AAF9" box="[1133,1316,1386,1410]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Heuksan-myeon</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EAF60379A6BDB383621FADDFCFBAAD9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D987FA9A6BDB3B305FFABEFE70A991:8EAF60379A6BDB383621FADDFCFBAAD9" country="South Korea" county="Shinan-gun" municipality="Heuksan-myeon" name="Gageodo Island" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Gageodo Island</location>
(Jakeunganyeo),
<date id="FFCE102C9A6BDB38373DFA3DFB33AAD9" box="[1069,1200,1418,1442]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2013-10-14">
<collectingDate id="EF8AE9C49A6BDB38373DFA3DFB33AAD9" box="[1069,1200,1418,1442]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2013-10-14">14 Oct 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="2685533A9A6BDB3837AAFA3DFA90AAD9" box="[1210,1299,1418,1442]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kim HS</collectorName>
, by
<collectionCode id="ED61AE299A6BDB38362EFA3DFA17AAD9" box="[1342,1428,1418,1442]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">SCUBA</collectionCode>
diving,
<collectorName id="2685533A9A6BDB383099FA1DFC49AAB9" box="[905,970,1450,1474]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Depth</collectorName>
<quantity id="4C889B099A6BDB3830C1FA1DFB84AABA" box="[977,1031,1450,1474]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="20.0">
<elevation id="005DD1DF9A6BDB3830C1FA1DFB84AABA" box="[977,1031,1450,1474]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, deposited in the
<collectionCode id="ED61AE299A6BDB3837D2FA1DFA86AABA" box="[1218,1285,1450,1473]" country="South Korea" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/r4iq-k5jx" name="National Institute of Biological Resources" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NIBR</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A65679A6BDB3B3028FA7DFD0FAAB2" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCF36EC9A6BDB383028FA7DFB7AA9F9" blockId="1.[824,1430,1353,1989]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A6BDB383028FA7DFC40AA99" bold="true" box="[824,963,1482,1506]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Description.</emphasis>
Thick mass, size up to 13 × 8 ×
<quantity id="4C889B099A6BDB383634FA7DFAD8AA99" box="[1316,1371,1482,1506]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
. Surface, honeycomb pattern with short and sharp conules, covered with slimy membrane. Oscules open at surface of sponge. Colour in life light beige, change grey after exposure to air and turn to black very slowly in alcohol. Texture soft and compressible, cavernous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36EC9A6BDB38305FF93CFBF7A838" blockId="1.[824,1430,1353,1989]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Skeleton: Primary fibres, 200-250 μm in diameter, regularly arranged at surface and have dark colour. Fasciculated primary fibres, 400-600 μm in diameter. Chanoso- mal primary fibres, 100-250 μm in diameter, cored with rare spicules and small sands, but easy to find spicules at end of surface primary fibres.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF36EC9A6BDB3B305FF8FBFD0FAAB2" blockId="1.[824,1430,1353,1989]" lastBlockId="2.[159,764,1424,1770]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
Secondary fibres, 30-50 μm in diameter at surface. Choanosomal secondary fibres, 100-150 μm in diameter, irregularly arranged. Some part of enlarged secondary fibres cored with material like egg. Lateral side of sponge has thin secondary fibres network. Secondary fibres at base of sponge attached to substrate (
<figureCitation id="134B2A699A68DB3B313AFA07FD03AAB2" box="[554,640,1456,1481]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[159,192,1922,1944]" captionTargetBox="[204,1382,257,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[204,1382,257,1890]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Smenospongia nigra n. sp. A, entire animal; B, closed surface; C, end of primary fibre; D, surface primary and secondary fibre; E, choanosome secondary fibres enclosed egg ball; F, choanosome skeletal structure; G, base secondary fibres; H, echinating primary fibres. Scale bars:A=3 cm, C-H=200μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13136334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13136334/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0F66649A68DB3B33B1FEB3FBFFAE62" box="[161,1148,259,281]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" startId="2.[161,214,260,281]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="8BCF36EC9A68DB3B33B1FEB3FBFFAE62" blockId="2.[161,1148,259,281]" box="[161,1148,259,281]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B1FEB3FF6FAE62" bold="true" box="[161,236,260,281]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Table 1.</emphasis>
Fibres size data and morphological characteristics of the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B3044FEB3FC5BAE62" authorityName="Wiedenmayer" authorityYear="1977" box="[852,984,260,281]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B3044FEB3FC5BAE62" box="[852,984,260,281]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Smenospongia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B3714FEB3FBFFAE62" box="[1028,1148,260,281]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Cacospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Cacospongia</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCF36EC9A68DB3B33DBFEF5FA09AA49" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<table id="F970C44C9A6824C633B3FE9AFA13AA44" box="[163,1424,301,1343]" gridcols="6" gridrows="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FE9AFA13AE16" box="[163,1424,301,365]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FE9AFEBBAE16" box="[163,312,301,365]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Species</th>
<th id="76915DD29A6824C63296FE9AFD85AE16" box="[390,518,301,365]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Growth form</th>
<th id="76915DD29A6824C63141FE9AFC8DAE16" box="[593,782,301,365]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Colors</th>
<th id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFE9AFB96AE16" box="[860,1045,301,365]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Surface (dermal membrane)</th>
<th id="76915DD29A6824C63773FE9AFA13AE16" box="[1123,1424,301,365]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Fibres (μm in diameter) Primary Secondary</th>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FE37FA13AEB0" box="[163,1424,384,459]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FE37FEBBAEB0" box="[163,312,384,459]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FE2CFE93AECB" authority="Thick" authorityName="Thick" box="[163,272,411,432]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinulosa">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FE2CFE93AECB" box="[163,272,411,432]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">S. spinulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FE37FD85AEB0" box="[390,518,384,459]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thick mass</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FE37FC8DAEB0" box="[593,782,384,459]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Beige to Black (very fast turn)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFE37FB96AEB0" box="[860,1045,384,459]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">light honeycomb (slimy membrane)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FE37FB54AEB0" box="[1123,1239,384,459]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">100-250 400-500 (fasciculate)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FE37FA13AEB0" box="[1316,1424,384,459]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">10-50-100 160(base)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FE68FA13AD51" box="[163,1424,479,554]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FE68FEBBAD51" box="[163,312,479,554]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FE4DFF69AD74" authority="Thick" authorityName="Thick" box="[163,234,506,527]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FE4DFF69AD74" box="[163,234,506,527]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">S. nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FE68FD85AD51" box="[390,518,479,554]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thick mass</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FE68FC8DAD51" box="[593,782,479,554]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Beige to Black (very slowly change)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFE68FB96AD51" box="[860,1045,479,554]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">honycomb with sharp conules (slimy membrane)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FE68FB54AD51" box="[1123,1239,479,554]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">200-250 400-600 (fasiculate)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FE68FA13AD51" box="[1316,1424,479,554]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">30-150</td>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FD89FA13AD14" box="[163,1424,574,623]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FD89FEBBAD14" box="[163,312,574,623]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FDFBFF68AD1B" authority="Thick" authorityName="Thick" box="[163,235,587,609]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flavia">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FDFBFF68AD1B" box="[163,235,587,609]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">S. flavia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FD89FD85AD14" box="[390,518,574,623]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thick mass</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FD89FC8DAD14" box="[593,782,574,623]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Orange yellow to Dark brown</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFD89FB96AD14" box="[860,1045,574,623]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">honeycomb low conules</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FD89FB54AD14" box="[1123,1239,574,623]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">250-400</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FD89FA13AD14" box="[1316,1424,574,623]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">50-120</td>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FD35FA13ADC8" box="[163,1424,642,691]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FD35FEBBADC8" box="[163,312,642,691]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FD27FE97ADDF" authority="Thick" authorityName="Thick" box="[163,276,655,677]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arbuscula">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FD27FE97ADDF" box="[163,276,655,677]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">S. arbuscula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FD35FD85ADC8" box="[390,518,642,691]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thick encrusting</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FD35FC8DADC8" box="[593,782,642,691]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Golden yellow to Dark brown</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFD35FB96ADC8" box="[860,1045,642,691]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">low conules</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FD35FB54ADC8" box="[1123,1239,642,691]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">200-300</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FD35FA13ADC8" box="[1316,1424,642,691]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">50-100 (rare)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FD71FA13AD8C" box="[163,1424,710,759]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FD71FEBBAD8C" box="[163,312,710,759]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FD63FE9DAD92" authority="Thick" authorityName="Thick" box="[163,286,724,745]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dokdoensis">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FD63FE9DAD92" box="[163,286,724,745]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">S. dokdoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FD71FD85AD8C" box="[390,518,710,759]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thick encrusting</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FD71FC8DAD8C" box="[593,782,710,759]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Dark brown</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFD71FB96AD8C" box="[860,1045,710,759]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">honeycomb low sharp conules</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FD71FB54AD8C" box="[1123,1239,710,759]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">100-300</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FD71FA13AD8C" box="[1316,1424,710,759]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">50-100</td>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FCBCFA13AC2D" box="[163,1424,779,854]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FCBCFEBBAC2D" box="[163,312,779,854]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FC91FE82AC41" authority="Thick" authorityName="Thick" box="[163,257,805,827]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="scalaris">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FC91FE82AC41" box="[163,257,805,827]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">S. scalaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FCBCFD85AC2D" box="[390,518,779,854]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thick mass</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FCBCFC8DAC2D" box="[593,782,779,854]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Dark gray to black</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFCBCFB96AC2D" box="[860,1045,779,854]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">round conules (slimy membrane)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FCBCFB54AC2D" box="[1123,1239,779,854]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">100-250 500 (fasciculate)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FCBCFA13AC2D" box="[1316,1424,779,854]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">50-100 30-50(base)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FCC0FA13ACD3" box="[163,1424,887,936]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FCC0FEBBACD3" box="[163,312,887,936]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FC33FEBBACE2" authority="Thick" authorityName="Thick" box="[163,312,900,921]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="wiedenmayeri">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FC33FEBBACE2" box="[163,312,900,921]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">S. wiedenmayeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FCC0FD85ACD3" box="[390,518,887,936]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thick mass</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FCC0FC8DACD3" box="[593,782,887,936]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Grey and beige to dark brown</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFCC0FB96ACD3" box="[860,1045,887,936]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">indistinct conules (slimy membrane)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FCC0FB54ACD3" box="[1123,1239,887,936]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">100-200</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FCC0FA13ACD3" box="[1316,1424,887,936]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">30-100</td>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FC7FFA13AC82" box="[163,1424,968,1017]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FC7FFEBBAC82" box="[163,312,968,1017]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FC61FE8CAC90" authority="Thick" authorityName="Thick" box="[163,271,982,1003]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="varispina">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FC61FE8CAC90" box="[163,271,982,1003]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">S. varispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FC7FFD85AC82" box="[390,518,968,1017]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thick chusion shape</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FC7FFC8DAC82" box="[593,782,968,1017]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Beige to dark brown</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFC7FFB96AC82" box="[860,1045,968,1017]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">low sharp conules (without membrane)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FC7FFB54AC82" box="[1123,1239,968,1017]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">100-300</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FC7FFA13AC82" box="[1316,1424,968,1017]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">40-100</td>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FBBAFA13AB23" box="[163,1424,1037,1112]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FBBAFEBBAB23" box="[163,312,1037,1112]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FB9FFE86AB47" authority="Thick" authorityName="Thick" box="[163,261,1063,1085]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="duokyeo">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FB9FFE86AB47" box="[163,261,1063,1085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">S. duokyeo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FBBAFD85AB23" box="[390,518,1037,1112]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thick mass</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FBBAFC8DAB23" box="[593,782,1037,1112]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Beige to dark brownish black</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFBBAFB96AB23" box="[860,1045,1037,1112]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">smooth (membrane)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FBBAFB54AB23" box="[1123,1239,1037,1112]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">140-200 850-1000 (fasciculate)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FBBAFA13AB23" box="[1316,1424,1037,1112]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">30-120</td>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FBDBFA13ABCC" box="[163,1424,1132,1207]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FBDBFEBBABCC" box="[163,312,1132,1207]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FB30FE9DABE7" authority="Thick" authorityName="Thick" box="[163,286,1159,1180]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gageoensis">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FB30FE9DABE7" box="[163,286,1159,1180]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">S. gageoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FBDBFD85ABCC" box="[390,518,1132,1207]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thick encrusting</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FBDBFC8DABCC" box="[593,782,1132,1207]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Beige to black</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFBDBFB96ABCC" box="[860,1045,1132,1207]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">honeycomb (slimy membrane)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FBDBFB54ABCC" box="[1123,1239,1132,1207]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">200-300 600 (fasiculate)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FBDBFA13ABCC" box="[1316,1424,1132,1207]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">40-100 150-200</td>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FB7DFA13AB80" box="[163,1424,1226,1275]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FB7DFEBBAB80" box="[163,312,1226,1275]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FB6FFF7BAB96" authority="Round" authorityName="Round" box="[163,248,1240,1261]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Cacospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bakusi">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FB6FFF7BAB96" box="[163,248,1240,1261]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">C. bakusi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FB7DFD85AB80" box="[390,518,1226,1275]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Round mass</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FB7DFC8DAB80" box="[593,782,1226,1275]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Grey to Black</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFB7DFB96AB80" box="[860,1045,1226,1275]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">honeycomb sharp conules</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FB7DFB54AB80" box="[1123,1239,1226,1275]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">150-230 (fasiculate)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FB7DFA13AB80" box="[1316,1424,1226,1275]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">100 20-30</td>
</tr>
<tr id="354034AE9A6824C633B3FAB8FA13AA44" box="[163,1424,1295,1343]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="76915DD29A6824C633B3FAB8FEBBAA44" box="[163,312,1295,1343]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B33B3FAABFEA1AA4A" authority="Thin" authorityName="Thin" box="[163,290,1308,1329]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dokdoensis">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B33B3FAABFEA1AA4A" box="[163,290,1308,1329]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">C. dokdoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63296FAB8FD85AA44" box="[390,518,1295,1343]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Thin encrusting</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63141FAB8FC8DAA44" box="[593,782,1295,1343]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Black</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C6304CFAB8FB96AA44" box="[860,1045,1295,1343]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">rough with conules</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63773FAB8FB54AA44" box="[1123,1239,1295,1343]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">100-200-300 (fasiculate)</td>
<td id="76915DD29A6824C63634FAB8FA13AA44" box="[1316,1424,1295,1343]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">30-50-100</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C36A65679A68DB3B338FFA66FEF4A972" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCF36EC9A68DB3B338FFA66FEF4A972" blockId="2.[159,764,1424,1770]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B338FFA66FE9CAA92" bold="true" box="[159,287,1489,1513]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name,
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B32E5FA66FDACAA93" box="[501,559,1489,1512]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B32E5FA66FDACAA93" box="[501,559,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is named after the black color in spirit.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36A65679A68DB3B338FF9A6FE70A991" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCF36EC9A68DB3B338FF9A6FE70A991" blockId="2.[159,764,1424,1770]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B338FF9A6FE87A952" bold="true" box="[159,260,1553,1577]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Remark.</emphasis>
This new species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B314FF9A6FE51A932" authority="Lee and Sim, 2005" authorityName="Lee and Sim" authorityYear="2005" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coreana">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B314FF9A6FF75A932" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Smenospongia coreana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B1D9A68DB3B33EFF985FE51A932" author="Lee, K. J. &amp; C. J. Sim" box="[255,466,1585,1609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" pagination="9 - 11" refId="ref6262" refString="Lee, K. J. and C. J. Sim. 2005. A New Sponge of the Genus Smenospongia (Dictyoceratida: Thorectidae) from Gageodo Island, Korea. Integrative Biosciences 9 (1): 9 - 11." type="journal article" year="2005">
Lee and Sim,
<quantity id="4C889B099A68DB3B328CF986FE51A932" box="[412,466,1585,1609]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0927" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="in" value="2005.0">2005</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in that the colour changed very slowly, but differs in skeletal structure. Secondary fibres of
<taxonomicName id="4C704D6F9A68DB3B3213F9C5FD83A9F2" authorityName="Lee and Sim" authorityYear="2005" box="[259,512,1650,1673]" class="Demospongiae" family="Thorectidae" genus="Smenospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coreana">
<emphasis id="B904EAFE9A68DB3B3213F9C5FD83A9F2" box="[259,512,1650,1673]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Smenospongia coreana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are distributed only at the ectoderm and changed its colour to dark brown. This new species has secondary fibres throughout the sponge and changed its colour to black.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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