304 lines
39 KiB
XML
304 lines
39 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="60658B24B704D9AC0A463F9B303287B6">A new family of lithophoran Proseriata (Platyhelminthes), with the description of seven new species from the Indo-Pacific and South America, and the proposal of three new genera</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7FD7819B35102DC84DB734A425640981">Schockaert, Ernest R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F3528FBD4F19BAC70D2E119E0EB470D6">Curini-Galletti, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="30B2477D9C68AADB6FD884903B1D4825">Ridder, Wouter De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8F312F683FBACF64D30F19889034F769">Volonterio, Odile</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="92AE4D21AC9B84434047AB3F0B214A9A">Artois, Tom</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A3FB18E221BDA4291FF8CCB94699191E">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6B6BDF9C64CCA78ACEFA45AFCF9FF705">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B6215A0458550DEDA98AABE785D78E3A">2009-04-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="83394A6968388D1C31689AFC01BC812D">155</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03A25153FF9FFFA59191FB6F54BC233D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5114707" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183631664" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5114707" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A25153FF9FFFA59191FB6F54BC233D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A25153FF9FFFA59191FB6F54BC233D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="763" pageId="1" pageNumber="760">
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<subSubSection id="C311B3CEFF9FFFA09191FB6F54982149" pageId="1" pageNumber="760" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9FFFA09191FB6F54982149" blockId="1.[918,1350,1253,1306]" pageId="1" pageNumber="760">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9FFFA09191FB6F54982149" authority="SCHOCKAERTI MARTENS" authorityName="SCHOCKAERTI MARTENS" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="1" pageNumber="760" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9FFFA09191FB6F54C120AA" box="[918,1199,1254,1275]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="760">MEIDIAMA SCHOCKAERTI</emphasis>
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MARTENS & CURINI- GALLETTI, 1993
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C311B3CEFF9FFFA09154F9D753EF229C" pageId="1" pageNumber="760" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9FFFA09154F9D753EF229C" blockId="1.[826,1441,1324,1743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="760">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9FFFA09154F9D754212220" box="[851,1103,1630,1651]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="1" pageNumber="760" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schockaerti">
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9FFFA09154F9D754212220" box="[851,1103,1630,1651]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="760">Meidiama schockaerti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9FFFA096DFF9D755222220" box="[1240,1356,1630,1651]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="1" pageNumber="760" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9FFFA096DFF9D755222220" box="[1240,1356,1630,1651]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="760">Meidiama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with a straight stylet of about 65-Mm long, accompanied by 18–20 needles of 60 Mm, without hook; 9–10 testes in a row.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C311B3CEFF9CFFA392AFFE8A50B825C7" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9CFFA392AFFE8A50B825C7" blockId="2.[144,759,197,404]" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA392AFFE8A51DE254B" authority=": Pinguinera" authorityName="Pinguinera" box="[168,432,259,280]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schockaerti">
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA392AFFE8A51DE254B" box="[168,432,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">Meidiama schockaerti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: Pingüinera beach (Seno Otway),
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<collectingCountry id="F31CA0D5FF9CFFA392F2FEAB5143256B" box="[245,301,290,312]" name="Chile" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">Chili</collectingCountry>
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(Magellan Province); coarse sand and gravel (
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA392E1FEC9517E2506" bold="true" box="[230,272,320,341]" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">not</emphasis>
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Punta Arenas,
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<collectingCountry id="F31CA0D5FF9CFFA393C7FEC952582505" box="[448,566,320,342]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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, as mentioned in the original description of
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A9DB4FF9CFFA393C2FED650A425C7" author="Martens PM & Curini-Galletti MC" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" pagination="65 - 102" refId="ref8435" refString="Martens PM, Curini-Galletti MC. 1993. Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Archimonocelididae Meixner, 1938 (Platyhelminthes, Proseriata). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 63: 65 - 102." type="journal article" year="1993">Martens & Curini-Galletti 1993</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C311B3CEFF9CFFA392AFFDDD52712134" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9CFFA392AFFDDD52712134" blockId="2.[144,759,443,771]" lastBlockId="2.[144,759,902,1903]" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA392AFFDDD51DD263A" box="[168,435,596,617]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schockaerti">
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA392AFFDDD51DD263A" box="[168,435,596,617]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">Meidiama schockaerti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<materialsCitation id="3B63EA18FF9CFFA393D6FDDD515C26DB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3325284305" collectionCode="SMNH" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" specimenCode="SMNH 7351" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54B05EE7FF9CFFA393D6FDDD525C2639" box="[465,562,596,618]" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<specimenCode id="DBAD483EFF9CFFA39056FDDD529C263A" box="[593,754,595,617]" collectionCode="SMNH" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Department of Paleozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">SMNH 7351</specimenCode>
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; whole mount)
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</materialsCitation>
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA39297FC0F517627C8" box="[144,280,902,923]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">Description:</emphasis>
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The animals are very long and slender: adults of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA392F8FC2C511D27EA" box="[255,371,932,954]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lutheri">
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA392F8FC2C511D27EA" box="[255,371,932,954]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">M. lutheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are around 4-mm long; adults of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA39297FC4A5155278B" box="[144,315,963,984]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schockaerti">
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA39297FC4A5155278B" box="[144,315,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">M. schockaerti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are 2–3-mm long and adults of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA390DFFC4A514627A4" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uruguyaensis">
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA390DFFC4A514627A4" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">M. uruguyaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are around 6-mm long (all measured on the whole mounts), with some anterior sensory bristles. Adhesive papillae were not seen in the whole mounts, nor in the sections, but are present in the caudal region of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA3936EFBD5518B2022" box="[361,485,1116,1137]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lutheri">
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA3936EFBD5518B2022" box="[361,485,1116,1137]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">M. lutheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, according to
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A9DB4FF9CFFA390A6FBD550B420C3" author="Marcus E" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" pagination="5 - 253" refId="ref8300" refString="Marcus E. 1946. Sobre Turbellaria Brasilieros. Boletins da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo (Zoologia) 11: 5 - 253 + 31 plates." type="book chapter" year="1946">Marcus (1946)</bibRefCitation>
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. The brain is encapsulated, and there is a clear extension of the gut over the brain. The pharynx is directed ventrally, is slightly lobate, and is roughly in the middle of the body (
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<figureCitation id="1330FCC0FF9CFFA393CFFB5F526620BF" box="[456,520,1238,1260]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[806,885,1425,1444]" captionTargetBox="[810,1418,198,1395]" captionTargetId="graphics-527@2.[810,1393,198,1390]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. General appearance of a species of Meidiama combined from whole mounts of Meidiama lutheri, Meidiama uruguayensis, and fig. 120 of Marcus (1946). Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4635040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4635040/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). The epidermis is 1.5–2-Mm thick in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA3936EFB7C51B02159" box="[361,478,1269,1290]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lutheri">
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA3936EFB7C51B02159" box="[361,478,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">M. lutheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and the cilia are 3-Mm long dorsally and 4-Mm long ventrally; in
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA3906EFA9D50A6211B" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uruguayensis">
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<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA3906EFA9D50A6211B" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">M. uruguayensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the epidermis is 1–1.5-Mm thick, and the cilia are 2 and 3-Mm long, respectively.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C311B3CEFF9CFFA592AFFAE654BC233D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="763" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9CFFA392AFFAE6530F2362" blockId="2.[144,759,902,1903]" lastBlockId="2.[806,1421,1575,1903]" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">
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The ovaries are just in front of the pharynx, and the vitellarian follicles are all behind the pharynx, extending over around two-thirds of the postpharyngeal body part. Behind the last, most posterior follicle, the two ovovitelloducts join to form the common female duct. Slightly more posteriorly, this duct enlarges to form the copulatory bursa, in which a short vagina opens (
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<figureCitation id="1330FCC0FF9CFFA393F7F9CC52582209" box="[496,566,1605,1627]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[806,885,1425,1444]" captionTargetBox="[810,1418,198,1395]" captionTargetId="graphics-527@2.[810,1393,198,1390]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. General appearance of a species of Meidiama combined from whole mounts of Meidiama lutheri, Meidiama uruguayensis, and fig. 120 of Marcus (1946). Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4635040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4635040/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1330FCC0FF9CFFA3904EF9CC52372208" box="[585,601,1605,1627]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[164,243,914,933]" captionTargetBox="[168,1438,196,884]" captionTargetId="figure-160@3.[167,1438,196,884]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Sagittal reconstruction of the female system, seen from the left, of the species of Meidiama, mainly based on sections of Meidiama uruguayensis sp. nov. The lower figure is the continuation of the upper part. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4635042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4635042/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">2</figureCitation>
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). The female duct continues over a considerable distance (about
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|
||
) to reach the female pore. From here departs a short genito-intestinal duct, which opens into a large resorbing bursa in the intestine. A connection with the gut is not seen, although some clusters of sperm are observed in the gut at the level of, and even anterior to, the copulatory organ. Very large cement glands run to the female pore, with the gland bodies lying mainly in the most caudal body part. The whole female duct is lined by a rather dense and nucleated epithelium, and is surrounded by spiral muscles. The epithelium is slightly higher in the copulatory bursa and in the most anterior part of the female duct. The muscle layer around the copulatory bursa is also slightly stronger than on the rest of the duct. The epithelium of the ovovitelloducts is very thin and sinuous, and no evidence of a resorbing function was seen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF74B0CDFF9CFFA39121FA18555A21AF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4635040" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4635040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4635040/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" startId="2.[806,885,1425,1444]" targetBox="[810,1418,198,1395]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9CFFA39121FA18555A21AF" blockId="2.[806,1422,1425,1532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA39121FA1853E121F7" bold="true" box="[806,911,1425,1444]" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
General appearance of a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA39724FA1855E321F7" box="[1315,1421,1425,1444]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA39724FA1855E321F7" box="[1315,1421,1425,1444]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">Meidiama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
combined from whole mounts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA396C6FA2755E92192" box="[1217,1415,1454,1473]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lutheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA396C6FA2755E92192" box="[1217,1415,1454,1473]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">Meidiama lutheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA39121FA425447218D" box="[806,1065,1483,1502]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uruguayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA39121FA425447218D" box="[806,1065,1483,1502]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">Meidiama uruguayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and fig. 120 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A9DB4FF9CFFA396EDFA4555E7218D" author="Marcus E" box="[1258,1417,1483,1503]" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" pagination="5 - 253" refId="ref8300" refString="Marcus E. 1946. Sobre Turbellaria Brasilieros. Boletins da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo (Zoologia) 11: 5 - 253 + 31 plates." type="book chapter" year="1946">Marcus (1946)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9CFFA59138F8B35150217A" blockId="2.[806,1421,1575,1903]" lastBlockId="4.[144,759,1024,1903]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="763" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">
|
||
There are about 50 testes in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA396C1F8B255E32303" box="[1222,1421,1851,1872]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uruguayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA396C1F8B255E32303" box="[1222,1421,1851,1872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">M. uruguayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(close to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF34DA0FF9CFFA3919AF8D05380233C" box="[925,1006,1881,1903]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" unit="in" value="100.0">100 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9CFFA391F8F8D05415233D" box="[1023,1147,1881,1902]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lutheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9CFFA391F8F8D05415233D" box="[1023,1147,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="761">M. lutheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A9DB4FF9CFFA2973FF8D050B02229" author="Marcus E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="762" pageId="2" pageNumber="761" pagination="5 - 253" refId="ref8300" refString="Marcus E. 1946. Sobre Turbellaria Brasilieros. Boletins da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo (Zoologia) 11: 5 - 253 + 31 plates." type="book chapter" year="1946">Marcus 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 120), roughly arranged in two rows, and with the first testis found at one-third of the prepharyngeal region, and with the last testes just in front of the ovaries. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9DFFA293EFF94952FF2286" box="[488,657,1728,1749]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schockaerti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9DFFA293EFF94952FF2286" box="[488,657,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">M. schockaerti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there are only 9–10 testes in a row. The copulatory organ, just in front of the female pore, is directed forwards. It consists of a pair of spherical seminal vesicles, from which long narrow ducts depart (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1330FCC0FF9DFFA2902FF8B352042303" box="[552,618,1850,1872]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="3.[164,243,1488,1507]" captionTargetBox="[387,1218,1041,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-253@3.[400,1220,1041,1441]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 3. Reconstruction of the copulatory organ in Meidiama lutheri and Meidiama uruguayensis sp. nov., seen from the left, based on sections of M. uruguayensis sp. nov. and the whole mounts of both species. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4635044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4635044/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). These ducts join to form a single seminal duct, which enters the prostate vesicle at its proximal pole. The seminal vesicles and the ducts are all surrounded by a strong spiral muscle layer. The prostate vesicle tapers anteriorly, where the stylet is attached, and is recurved over 180°, with both proximal and distal poles directed forwards. The seminal duct can clearly be seen in the centre of the vesicle, with its epithelium forming the prostate glands, the nucleated gland bodies of which are outside and inside the vesicle. In the large male atrium, the curved stylet and the atrial needles are found. The needles are situated in the distal half of the atrium, and are arranged in a half-open girdle, closed at the dorsal side (above the stylet), and open at the ventral side. The prostate vesicle is surrounded by very strong, spirally arranged muscles, which continue over the male atrium, and seem to be attached to the needles. A moderately strong sphincter surrounds the male pore.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF74B0CDFF9DFFA292A3FC1B524627B3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4635042" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4635042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4635042/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" startId="3.[164,243,914,933]" targetBox="[168,1438,196,884]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9DFFA292A3FC1B524627B3" blockId="3.[164,1441,914,992]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9DFFA292A3FC1B516227F6" bold="true" box="[164,268,914,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Sagittal reconstruction of the female system, seen from the left, of the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9DFFA2967DFC1B548A27F6" box="[1146,1252,914,933]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9DFFA2967DFC1B548A27F6" box="[1146,1252,914,933]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Meidiama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, mainly based on sections of
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9DFFA29326FC2652CA2791" bold="true" box="[289,676,943,962]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9DFFA29326FC2652502791" authority="Schockaert & Curini-Galletti & Ridder & Volonterio & Artois, 2009" authorityName="Schockaert & Curini-Galletti & Ridder & Volonterio & Artois" authorityYear="2009" box="[289,574,943,962]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uruguayensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9DFFA29326FC2652502791" bold="true" box="[289,574,943,962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Meidiama uruguayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C812CFF9DFFA2904EFC2652CA2791" box="[585,676,943,962]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The lower figure is the continuation of the upper part. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF74B0CDFF9DFFA292A3FA5951FB224D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4635044" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4635044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4635044/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" startId="3.[164,243,1488,1507]" targetBox="[387,1218,1041,1458]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9DFFA292A3FA5951FB224D" blockId="3.[164,1441,1488,1566]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9DFFA292A3FA59516221B0" bold="true" box="[164,268,1488,1507]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Reconstruction of the copulatory organ in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9DFFA290C8FA5953E821B0" box="[719,902,1488,1507]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lutheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9DFFA290C8FA5953E821B0" box="[719,902,1488,1507]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Meidiama lutheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9DFFA291BDFA59554121B0" bold="true" box="[954,1327,1488,1507]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9DFFA291BDFA5954BD21B0" authority="Schockaert & Curini-Galletti & Ridder & Volonterio & Artois, 2009" authorityName="Schockaert & Curini-Galletti & Ridder & Volonterio & Artois" authorityYear="2009" box="[954,1235,1488,1507]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uruguayensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9DFFA291BDFA5954BD21B0" bold="true" box="[954,1235,1488,1507]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Meidiama uruguayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C812CFF9DFFA296DEFA59554121B0" box="[1241,1327,1488,1507]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, seen from the left, based on sections of
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9DFFA293D1FA67529A2252" bold="true" box="[470,756,1517,1537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9DFFA293D1FA6752F82253" authority="Schockaert & Curini-Galletti & Ridder & Volonterio & Artois, 2009" authorityName="Schockaert & Curini-Galletti & Ridder & Volonterio & Artois" authorityYear="2009" box="[470,662,1517,1537]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uruguayensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9DFFA293D1FA6752F82253" bold="true" box="[470,662,1517,1537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">M. uruguayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C812CFF9DFFA2909AFA67529A2252" box="[669,756,1518,1537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and the whole mounts of both species. Refer to the Appendix for a list of abbreviations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF74B0CDFF9AFFA59297FC0653572793" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4635046" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4635046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4635046/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" startId="4.[144,223,911,930]" targetBox="[302,1264,198,882]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9AFFA59297FC0653572793" blockId="4.[144,1421,911,960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA59297FC06509627F1" bold="true" box="[144,248,911,930]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Hard parts of the copulatory organ of
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA590A6FC06547327F0" bold="true" box="[673,1053,911,931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9AFFA590A6FC0653D227F1" authority="Schockaert & Curini-Galletti & Ridder & Volonterio & Artois, 2009" authorityName="Schockaert & Curini-Galletti & Ridder & Volonterio & Artois" authorityYear="2009" box="[673,956,911,930]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uruguayensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA590A6FC0653D227F1" bold="true" box="[673,956,911,930]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">Meidiama uruguayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C812CFF9AFFA591C3FC19547327F0" box="[964,1053,912,931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A; inset, terminal opening in the holotype),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9AFFA592F8FC2451D42793" box="[255,442,941,960]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lutheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA592F8FC2451D42793" box="[255,442,941,960]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">Meidiama lutheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(B), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9AFFA59025FC2453672793" box="[546,777,941,960]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schockaerti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA59025FC2453672793" box="[546,777,941,960]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">Meidiama schockaerti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9AFFA592AFFABB51F9233C" blockId="4.[144,759,1024,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">
|
||
In both individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9AFFA593A9FABA524C2114" box="[430,546,1330,1352]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lutheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA593A9FABA524C2114" box="[430,546,1330,1352]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">M. lutheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the curved stylet is about 60-Mm long, the needles are 28–30-Mm long, and are also slightly curved. The funnel-like proximal end of the stylet has an opening of 7–8 Mm in diameter, with a strongly thickened wall, whereas the stylet diameter tapers from 5 Mm proximally to 2 Mm distally. The curvature of the very distal end is stronger than in the middle of the stylet, making a precise measurement difficult, as the entire length of the stylets in the whole mounts cannot be seen in the same plane. The terminal opening is oblique and tapering proximally. We counted nine needles, whereas
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A9DB4FF9AFFA592FAF92B52E122E4" author="Martens PM & Curini-Galletti MC" box="[253,655,1697,1719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" pagination="65 - 102" refId="ref8435" refString="Martens PM, Curini-Galletti MC. 1993. Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Archimonocelididae Meixner, 1938 (Platyhelminthes, Proseriata). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 63: 65 - 102." type="journal article" year="1993">Martens & Curini-Galletti (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
counted ten, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A9DB4FF9AFFA592F8F94951C92285" author="Marcus E" box="[255,423,1728,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" pagination="5 - 253" refId="ref8300" refString="Marcus E. 1946. Sobre Turbellaria Brasilieros. Boletins da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo (Zoologia) 11: 5 - 253 + 31 plates." type="book chapter" year="1946">Marcus (1946)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentions 12. Needles lying above each other are indeed often difficult to discern. Each needle ends in a slender ‘hook’, about one-third of the total length of the needle in the shortest needles, and about one-quarter of the total length in the longest needles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9AFFA59138FB8954A52253" blockId="4.[806,1421,1024,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">
|
||
In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9AFFA59167FB8854702045" authorityName="Schockaert & Curini-Galletti & Ridder & Volonterio & Artois" authorityYear="2009" box="[864,1054,1025,1046]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uruguayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA59167FB8854702045" box="[864,1054,1025,1046]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">M. uruguayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the stylet is also curved, and is about 90-Mm long in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B05EE7FF9AFFA59675FB9654B82066" box="[1138,1238,1055,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. At the distal opening it bears a variably ornamented ‘wing’ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1330FCC0FF9AFFA59742FBB455E62001" box="[1349,1416,1085,1107]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="4.[144,223,911,930]" captionTargetBox="[302,1264,198,882]" captionTargetId="graphics-538@4.[302,969,201,882]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 4. Hard parts of the copulatory organ of Meidiama uruguayensis sp. nov. (A; inset, terminal opening in the holotype), Meidiama lutheri (B), and Meidiama schockaerti (C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4635046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4635046/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, inset). The obliquely-placed proximal opening, also with a strongly thickened wall, has a diameter of 20 Mm, and the stylet has a diameter of slightly less than 5 Mm distally. There are about 18 needles, which are 31–37-Mm long, with the shortest needle located in the middle of the circle. The terminal ‘hooks’ have a strongly curved tip, and are a little less than between one-fifth and one-quarter of the total length of the needles. The length of the stylet varies from 76 to 90 Mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA59198FAF953C021D6" box="[927,942,1392,1413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 7, mean = 84 Mm); the shortest needles are 26–46-Mm long (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA59646FA07543E21F0" box="[1089,1104,1422,1443]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 6, mean = 32 Mm), and the longest needles are 35–69-Mm long (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA59749FA2455332191" box="[1358,1373,1453,1474]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 6, mean = 44 Mm). The individuals with the longest stylet also have the largest needles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4E045FF9AFFA59138F98154BC233D" blockId="4.[806,1421,1024,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">
|
||
The copulatory organ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9AFFA59659F980556B224E" box="[1118,1285,1544,1566]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schockaerti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA59659F980556B224E" box="[1118,1285,1544,1566]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">M. schockaerti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
deviates in a number of aspects from that of the other two species. The stylet is straight, close to 65-Mm long, and gradually narrows from 10-Mm wide at the proximal opening (without obvious thickening) to about 3-Mm wide distally. The needles are about 60-Mm long, and are without a terminal ‘hook’. We counted about 18 needles, whereas
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A9DB4FF9AFFA59615F95655E322A7" author="Martens PM & Curini-Galletti MC" box="[1042,1421,1758,1780]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" pagination="65 - 102" refId="ref8435" refString="Martens PM, Curini-Galletti MC. 1993. Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Archimonocelididae Meixner, 1938 (Platyhelminthes, Proseriata). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 63: 65 - 102." type="journal article" year="1993">Martens & Curini-Galletti (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
depicted 21 needles in a regular arrangement around the stylet. We have the strong impression that the needles are concentrated at one side of the stylet, as in the other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B9BC6FF9AFFA59650F8D054A5233D" box="[1111,1227,1881,1902]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Meidiamidae" genus="Meidiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F3C57FF9AFFA59650F8D054A5233D" box="[1111,1227,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">Meidiama</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |