748 lines
49 KiB
XML
748 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.206.75971" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-206-25" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8244EC72D505508A96937E8234B7A60A" ModsDocID="1314-2003-206-25" checkinTime="1661532617805" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Trujillo, William, Trujillo, Edwin Trujillo, Ortiz-Morea, Fausto Andres, Toro, Diego A. & Jaramillo, M. Alejandra" docDate="2022" docId="4BAD96EB87635066959F55F6618FD24D" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 206: 25-48" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 206" docPubDate="2022-08-26" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.206.75971" docTitle="Piper velae W. Trujillo-C & M. A. Jaram. 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="8244EC72D505508A96937E8234B7A60A" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="8244EC72D505508A96937E8234B7A60A" masterDocTitle="New Piper species from the eastern slopes of the Andes in northern South America" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1661532919528" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>New Piper species from the eastern slopes of the Andes in northern South America</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Trujillo, William</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0170-016X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Grupo Investigaciones territoriales para el uso y conservacion de la biodiversidad. Fundacion La Palmita, Centro de Investigacion. Cra 4 # 58 - 59 piso 2, Bogota, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">williamtrujilloca@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Trujillo, Edwin Trujillo</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5601-540X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Grupo de Investigacion en Agroecosistemas y Conservacion en Bosques Amazonicos - GAIA, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad de la Amazonia, Cl. 17 Diagonal 17 con Cra. 3 F, 180 002, Florencia, Caqueta, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Ortiz-Morea, Fausto Andres</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Grupo de Investigacion en Agroecosistemas y Conservacion en Bosques Amazonicos - GAIA, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad de la Amazonia, Cl. 17 Diagonal 17 con Cra. 3 F, 180 002, Florencia, Caqueta, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Toro, Diego A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Grupo de Investigacion en Agroecosistemas y Conservacion en Bosques Amazonicos - GAIA, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad de la Amazonia, Cl. 17 Diagonal 17 con Cra. 3 F, 180 002, Florencia, Caqueta, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Jaramillo, M. Alejandra</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6539-4149</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Grupo DIVERSITAS, Facultad de Ciencias Basicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, km 2 Via Cajica-Zipaquira, Cajica, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2022-08-26</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>206</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>25</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>48</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
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||
</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.206.75971</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.206.75971</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-206-25</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">8244EC72D505508A96937E8234B7A60A</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="results">
|
||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4BAD96EB87635066959F55F6618FD24D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4BAD96EB87635066959F55F6618FD24D" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="4BAD96EB-8763-5066-959F-55F6618FD24D" authority="W. Trujillo-C & M. A. Jaram." authorityName="W. Trujillo-C & M. A. Jaram." authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" domain="Unassigned" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Piper velae" order="Piperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velae" status="sp. nov.">Piper velae W. Trujillo-C & M. A. Jaram.</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="25">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic relationships of species described in this manuscript, based on Maximum Likelihood analysis of nrITS sequences. New species are shown in bold. Species with peltate leaves are underlined. Numbers above branches are ML bootstrap support values (> 80)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.206.75971.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735633" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. The locality of four new Piper species from the Andes eastern slopes of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.206.75971.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735634" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Piper velae A sympodial branch B magnified view of the infructescence C floral bract view from above D floral bract side view E fruit side view F stamen side view G Seed side view H floral diagram. Illustration by Marcela Morales based on W Trujillo 905" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.206.75971.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735641" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 9</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Piper velae A sympodial branch upper leaf surfaces and spike B magnified view of the leaf base and prophyll C magnified view of the spike D magnified view of the prophyll. Photos from W. Trujillo 2039 by William Trujillo." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.206.75971.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735642" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">and 10</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-10-03" collectorName="La Cerinda, W. Trujillo" country="Colombia" county="Belen" elevation="470" latitude="1.6023889" location="La Cerinda" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.86364" municipality="Andaquies" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Caqueta" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caquetá">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Caqueta">Caqueta</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty>Belen</collectingCounty>
|
||
de los
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Andaquies</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, corredor resguardo
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4BAD96EB87635066959F55F6618FD24D:B5BD876D63A79097270267C3C9E14C27" country="Colombia" county="Belen" latitude="1.6023889" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.86364" municipality="Andaquies" name="La Cerinda" stateProvince="Caqueta">La Cerinda</location>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
, PNN
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4BAD96EB87635066959F55F6618FD24D:8A4F47E67FE41D4679EC8A1A97CF12FC" country="Colombia" county="Belen" latitude="1.6023889" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.86364" municipality="Andaquies" name="Alto Fragua Indiguazi" stateProvince="Caqueta">Alto Fragua Indiguazi</location>
|
||
, etnia
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4BAD96EB87635066959F55F6618FD24D:D9CE6F1EC69674EA9631A467C76C6477" country="Colombia" county="Belen" latitude="1.6023889" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.86364" municipality="Andaquies" name="Embera Katio" stateProvince="Caqueta">Embera Katio</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="08.6" value="1.6023889">1°36'08.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="49.1" value="-75.86364">75°51'49.1"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" unit="m" value="470.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" unit="m" value="470.0">470 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-10-03">03 Oct 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<collectorName>W. Trujillo</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 905
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
COAH, Isotype HUAZ)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" domain="Unassigned" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Piper velae" order="Piperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Piper velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
W. Trujillo & M. A. Jaram. can be distinguished from the related species
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. holdridgeanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="holdridgeanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. holdridgeanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
W.C. Burger by its elliptic leaves with cordulate leaf bases at all nodes, petioles 0.8-1.5 cm long, fruits cylindrical and pubescent vs. leaves cordate to elliptical with leaf bases that are rounded at fertile nodes and cordate at sterile nodes, petioles that are variable in size from 1-5 cm long, fruits rounded and glabrous in
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. holdridgeanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="holdridgeanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. holdridgeanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It can be separated from similar species
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. cornifolium" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="cornifolium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. cornifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kunth, CS" journalOrPublisher="Monograph in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B22" refString="Kunth, CS, 1815. [1816] Piperaceae. Nova genera et species plantarum (quarto edn.) 1: 46-74, t. 3-17." title="[1816] Piperaceae. Nova genera et species plantarum (quarto edn.) 1: 46 - 74, t. 3 - 17." year="1815">Kunth (1815</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[1816]:52) because it has leaves pinnately nerved in the lower half of the blade and pubescent fruits vs. leaves pinnately nerved in the lower third of the blade and glabrous fruits in
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. cornifolium" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="cornifolium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. cornifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.206.75971.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735641" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" domain="Unassigned" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Piper velae" order="Piperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Piper velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">A</emphasis>
|
||
sympodial branch
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">B</emphasis>
|
||
magnified view of the infructescence
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">C</emphasis>
|
||
floral bract view from above
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
|
||
floral bract side view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">E</emphasis>
|
||
fruit side view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">F</emphasis>
|
||
stamen side view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">G</emphasis>
|
||
Seed side view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">H</emphasis>
|
||
floral diagram. Illustration by Marcela Morales based on
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">W Trujillo 905</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Shrub</emphasis>
|
||
up to 1.5 m tall. Internodes 2-8.5 cm long, smooth, green, tomentulose, idioblasts not evident.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Prophylls" lsidName="Prophylls" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Prophylls</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1.2-2 cm long whitish, tomentulose, caducous.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Petioles</emphasis>
|
||
variable along all axes; on monopodial axes 1-1.5 cm long, vaginate to 3/4 of the length, smooth, tomentulose; on sympodial axes 0.8-1.2 cm long, vaginate at the base, smooth, tomentulose.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Leaf-blades</emphasis>
|
||
coriaceous, drying black, uniform in shape and size along all axes, 6-7(11)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
12-15(19) cm, elliptic, symmetric, base cordulate, basal extension asymmetrical; leaf blade smooth, tomentulose on the abaxial surface and glabrous adaxially, eciliate; pinnately nerved from the lower half, 4-5 ascending nerves on each side, festooned brochidodromous, with spacing decreasing and angle increasing towards the base, tertiary veins percurrent; apex acuminate.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
and infructescence a solitary spike, terminal, erect; peduncle 0.8-1.5 cm long, tomentulose, green; rachis in flower not seen, rachis in fruit 6-8.5 cm long, fruits densely grouped along the rachis.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Floral bracts</emphasis>
|
||
cucullate, triangular from above, 0.15-0.25
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.3-0.4 mm, glabrous on the adaxial surface, margin fimbriate, not forming bands around the spike.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||
with four stamens, filaments 0.2-0.4 mm long, anthers 0.2-0.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.15-0.25 mm, longitudinally dehiscent, dithecous, shorter than filament, with connective not protruding, glabrate, idioblasts not evident, colour not seen. Stigmas 3, on a short style.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Fruits</emphasis>
|
||
cylindrical, laterally compressed, green when alive and black to brown when dry, 0.8-1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1-1.3 mm, pubescent on the tip, partially immersed in the rachis, with stigmas persistent, 0.07-0.12 mm long, on a short style, 0.1-0.3 mm long.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||
0.4-0.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.9-1.1 mm, rectangular, laterally compressed, obtuse, black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.206.75971.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735642" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" domain="Unassigned" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Piper velae" order="Piperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Piper velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">A</emphasis>
|
||
sympodial branch upper leaf surfaces and spike
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">B</emphasis>
|
||
magnified view of the leaf base and prophyll
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">C</emphasis>
|
||
magnified view of the spike
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
|
||
magnified view of the prophyll. Photos from
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">W. Trujillo 2039</emphasis>
|
||
by William Trujillo.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" domain="Unassigned" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Piper velae" order="Piperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Piper velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in the eastern slopes of the Andes, from 250-1,500 m in elevation, spreading from wet lowland to wet premontane forests. It occurs in the Colombian Departments of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caquetá">Caqueta</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Meta, Cauca and Putumayo. In lowland forests, it occurs in dense
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">terra firme</emphasis>
|
||
forests. In premontane forests, it grows mostly on moderate slopes, sometimes occurring on steep slopes and rocky substrates. It is a shade-loving species, growing in the understorey and it is also found in forest gaps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Flowering specimens were collected in February, April, May, June, July and October. Fruiting specimens in January, April, June, July, September, October and December.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" domain="Unassigned" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Piper velae" order="Piperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Piper velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is named in honour of Huber Fernando Vela, M.D., a social and environmental leader of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caquetá">Caqueta</normalizedToken>
|
||
who was murdered in 2021. Dr Vela and sponsored
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" domain="Unassigned" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Piper" order="Piperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Piper</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collections by WT during 2020. Huber Fernando was the leader of the Nature Reserve Romi Kumu, where 30 ha of forest were restored in 2020. The type specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. velae" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in the region that Dr Vela loved and helped conserve and restore.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">This species is known from 41 specimen collections representing 12 subpopulations. It occurs in 18 locations threatened by deforestation. The extent of occurrence (EOO = 40,810 km2, below the EOO to be considered Vulnerable, VU) and area of occupancy (AOO = 96 km2), suggest it is of Near Threatened [NT B1a+B2a].</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="phylogenetic relationships">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Phylogenetic relationships.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. velae" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. holdridgeanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="holdridgeanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. holdridgeanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and these form a clade sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Macrostachys" lsidName="Macrostachys" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Macrostachys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364408786500244" author="Jaramillo, MA" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="647 - 660" refId="B18" refString="Jaramillo, MA, Callejas-Posada, R, Davidson, C, Smith, JF, Stevens, AC, Tepe, EJ, Editor, C, Plunkett, GM, 2008. A Phylogeny of the Tropical Genus Piper Using ITS and the Chloroplast Intron psbJ - petA. Systematic Botany 33 (4): 647 - 660, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364408786500244" title="A Phylogeny of the Tropical Genus Piper Using ITS and the Chloroplast Intron psbJ - petA." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364408786500244" volume="33" year="2008">Jaramillo et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. velae" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. holdridgeanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="holdridgeanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. holdridgeanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have sheathing petioles to
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
|
||
of their length and tightly-arranged flowers. The marked foliar dimorphism between leaves on sterile (monopodial) and fertile (sympodial) nodes distinctive of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. holdridgeanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="holdridgeanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. holdridgeanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have obscured its relationships (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Callejas-Posada, R" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Phytocosmetics and Natural Ingredients" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B5" refString="Callejas-Posada, R, 2020. Piperaceae. In: Davidse G, Ulloa C, Hernandez-Macias HM, Knapp S (Eds) Flora Mesoamericana. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Saint Louis." title="Piperaceae. In: Davidse G, Ulloa C, Hernandez-Macias HM, Knapp S (Eds) Flora Mesoamericana. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Saint Louis." year="2020">Callejas-Posada 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Here, we present phylogenetic evidence for its placement sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Macrostachys" lsidName="Macrostachys" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Macrostachys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both species,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. velae" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. holdridgeanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="holdridgeanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. holdridgeanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
require further study to understand their morphological affinities.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" domain="Unassigned" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Piper velae" order="Piperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Piper velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. cornifolium" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="cornifolium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. cornifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because of its cordulate leaf base; however, these taxa are distinguished, based on the leaf venation pattern and fruit pubescence (see Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="T5" captionText="Table 5. Comparison of Piper velae with closely-related species P. holdridgeanum and morphological similar species P. cornifolium." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/331F8328545B00018DC7A4D88C9E0C9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" tableUuid="331F8328545B00018DC7A4D88C9E0C9B">5</tableCitation>
|
||
). We also compare
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. velae" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to closely-related
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. holdridgeanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="holdridgeanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. holdridgeanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; further studies will help us corroborate this relationship and find morphological similarities.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="331F8328545B00018DC7A4D88C9E0C9B" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/331F8328545B00018DC7A4D88C9E0C9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" start="Table 5" startId="T5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Table 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" domain="Unassigned" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Piper velae" order="Piperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Piper velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with closely-related species
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. holdridgeanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="holdridgeanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. holdridgeanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and morphological similar species
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. cornifolium" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="cornifolium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. cornifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Species</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Petiole length</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Leaf shape</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Leaf base</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Secondary nerves branched</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Fruit shape</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Fruit pubescence</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Geographic distribution</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. cornifolium" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="cornifolium">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. cornifolium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kunth
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">0.8-1.2 cm</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">obovate-elliptic</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">cordulate</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">from the lower third</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">rounded</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">pubescent</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Northern Andes</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. holdridgeanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="holdridgeanum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. holdridgeanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
W.C. Burger
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">1-5 cm</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">cordate to elliptic</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">rounded to cordate</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">from the lower half</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">rounded</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">glabrous</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Mesoamerica</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. velae" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="velae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P. velae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
W. Trujillo & M. A. Jaram.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">0.8-1.5 cm</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">elliptic</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">cordulate</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">from the lower half</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">cylindrical</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">pubescent</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rowspan="1">Eastern slope of the northern Andes</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="specimen examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Specimen examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Colombia:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caquetá">Caqueta</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Belén">Belen</normalizedToken>
|
||
de los
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Andaquíes">Andaquies</normalizedToken>
|
||
: Parque Bosque Microcuenca La Resaca, sendero Alto Sarabando, 800 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="29" value="1.4580556">1°27'29"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="1.8" value="-75.883835">75°53'1.8"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 26 Oct 2010,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 40791
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); vereda Las Verdes,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Pescado, margen izq. Parque Natural Municipal
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Andakí">Andaki</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 700 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="7.2" value="1.602">1°36'7.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-75.90278">75°54'10"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 28 Oct 2010,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 40896
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); sector Paramillo, camino entre Acevedo -
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Belén">Belen</normalizedToken>
|
||
de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Andaquíes">Andaquies</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1400 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="1.6827779">1°40'58"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="21" value="-75.90584">75°54'21"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 23 Jul 2011,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 41848
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); cerca del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Pescado, vereda Los Angeles, 1225 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="49.7" value="1.5804721">1°34'49.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="17" value="-75.904724">75°54'17"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 9 Jul 2011,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">L. Martinez 24</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Pescado, Parque Natural
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Andakí">Andaki</normalizedToken>
|
||
, sector Sur, 950 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="1.6086111">1°36'31"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-75.92111">75°55'16"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 25 Jun 2013,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">W. Trujillo et al. 2792</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH). Cartagena del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chairá">Chaira</normalizedToken>
|
||
: vereda Laguna del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chairá">Chaira</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 240 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="23.9" value="1.2566389">1°15'23.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="49.8" value="-74.813835">74°48'49.8"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 28 Sep 2007,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">W. Trujillo et al. 853</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH). Florencia: corregimiento El
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caraño">Carano</normalizedToken>
|
||
, vereda Alto Brasil, camino hacia la quebrada Yumal, 321 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="39.543" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="1.65905">1°39.543'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="36.128" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-75.602135">75°36.128'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 22 Oct. 2012,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">A. Jimenez et al. 4</emphasis>
|
||
(HUAZ);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Hacha, vereda El
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caraño">Carano</normalizedToken>
|
||
, finca Marsella, 500 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="47" value="1.696389">1°41'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-75.62112">75°37'16"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 26 Jun 2010,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 24884
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH, HUAZ); vereda El
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíso">Paraiso</normalizedToken>
|
||
, antigua
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="vía">via</normalizedToken>
|
||
Florencia-Neiva, zona de cordillera baja, 756 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="7.4" value="1.7520555">1°45'7.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="56.9" value="-75.66581">75°39'56.9"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 20 Oct 2010,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 40568
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); vereda El
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíso">Paraiso</normalizedToken>
|
||
Bajo,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="vegetación">vegetacion</normalizedToken>
|
||
de cordillera baja, 800 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="0.2" value="1.7500556">1°45'0.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="8.2" value="-75.61895">75°37'8.2"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 22 Oct 2010,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 40595
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); Centro de investigaciones Macagual, 258 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="59.8" value="1.4999444">1°29'59.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="22.6" value="-75.65628">75°39'22.6"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 13 Dec 2008,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">W. Trujillo et al. 1214</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); vereda El
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caraño">Carano</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1116 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="14.7" value="1.7374166">1°44'14.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="35.3" value="-75.67647">75°40'35.3"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 18 Oct 2013,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">W. Trujillo et al. 3002</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH). La
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Montañita">Montanita</normalizedToken>
|
||
: vereda Los Morros, reserva Las Dalias, 300 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="21.5" value="1.4893056">1°29'21.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="17.6" value="-75.40489">75°24'17.6"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">A. Meneses 15</emphasis>
|
||
(HUAZ); vereda Itarca, Reserva Natural Itarca, 340 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="1.5480555">1°32'53"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-75.47222">75°28'20"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 30 Oct 2010,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 40956
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); vereda Itarca, Reserva Natural Itarca, 330 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="34.5" value="1.5429167">1°32'34.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="19" value="-75.47195">75°28'19"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 26 Apr 2011,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
N.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Castaño">Castano</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 3142
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); Reserva Las Dalias, 382 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="21.6" value="1.4893334">1°29'21.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="17.6" value="-75.40489">75°24'17.6"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 41050,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">W. Trujillo et al. 2086</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH). San Vicente del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caguán">Caguan</normalizedToken>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="inspección">inspeccion</normalizedToken>
|
||
Guacamaya, vereda La
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Música">Musica</normalizedToken>
|
||
, margen izquierda del
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caguán">Caguan</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 600 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="2.346111">2°20'46"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.4" value="-74.90344">74°54'12.4"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 12 Jul 2015,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 44401
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Cauca</emphasis>
|
||
: Piamonte: La Libertad, 700 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="6" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="41.78" value="1.1116055">1°6'41.78"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="46.5" value="-76.47958">76°28'46.5"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 22 Feb 2010,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">W. Trujillo et al. 1271</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH). Santa
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" genus="Rosa" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rosa" order="Piperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Inspección">Inspeccion</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Santa Marta, vereda Diamante Alto, 1150 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="1.2333333">1°14'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-76.6">76°36'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 22 Jun 2002,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
B.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ramírez">Ramirez</normalizedToken>
|
||
16061
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Meta</emphasis>
|
||
: San Juan de Arama: sector del chorro Santo Domingo, Parque Nacional Natural Sierra de La Macarena, 520 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="23" value="3.256389">3°15'23"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-73.96388">73°57'50"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 27 Oct 2019,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 52002
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); vereda Monserrate Bajo, finca El
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíso">Paraiso</normalizedToken>
|
||
, cerca al
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="caño">cano</normalizedToken>
|
||
Las Ninfas, 590 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="33.75" value="3.3427083">3°20'33.75"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="3.06" value="-73.95084">73°57'3.06"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 4 Apr 2004,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">L. Carvajal et al. 173</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Putumayo</emphasis>
|
||
: Mocoa: vereda Medio
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Afán">Afan</normalizedToken>
|
||
, camino
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Serranía">Serrania</normalizedToken>
|
||
El Churumbelo, sector Nororiental, 900 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="39" value="1.1775">1°10'39"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="47" value="-76.646385">76°38'47"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 4 Oct 2000,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 12221
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); vereda San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
del Pepino,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="40.17" value="1.0944917">1°5'40.17"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="49.05" value="-76.630295">76°37'49.05"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 21 Jun 1997,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="López">Lopez</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2514
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); vereda San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
del Pepino,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="40.17" value="1.0944917">1°5'40.17"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="49.05" value="-76.630295">76°37'49.05"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 21 Jun 1997,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="López">Lopez</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2610
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH). Orito: Santuario de Flora y Plantas Medicinales Ingui-Ande, vereda
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Líbano">Libano</normalizedToken>
|
||
, sector de don Reinaldo, 900 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="41.62" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="0.69366664">0°41.62'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="3.789" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-77.06315">77°3.789'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1 Oct 2015,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 45416
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); Santuario de Flora y Plantas Medicinales Ingui-Ande, 1004 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="41.627" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.69378334">0°41.627'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="3.801" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-77.06335">77°3.801'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 27 Sep 2015,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 45454
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH); vereda El
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Líbano">Libano</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 832 m elev.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="0.6375">0°38'15"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="4" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="17.9" value="-77.07164">77°4'17.9"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||
D.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cárdenas">Cardenas</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 51291
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(COAH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |