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<mods:title>Two new records of Begonia for the flora of India from Arunachal Pradesh</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Taram, Momang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Doimukh 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India &amp; momang. taram @ rgu. ac. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4669 - 615 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Borah, Dipankar</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-3016-1070</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, Goalpara College, Goalpara- 783101, Assam, India &amp; dipankar. borah @ rgu. ac. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3016 - 1070</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">dipankar.borah@rgu.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Hughes, Mark</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH 5 3 LR, United Kingdom &amp; mhughes @ rbge. org. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2168 - 0514</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2023-02-14</mods:number>
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<treatmentCitation author="Li, J. W. &amp; Tan, Y. H. &amp; Wang, X. L. &amp; Wang, C. W. &amp; Jin, X. H." box="[136,593,1479,1506]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/515A365394DEF1C17805C7303C12609C" page=")" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" year="2018">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="7SGKY" authority="Li et al. (2018: 14)" authorityName="Li" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="2018" box="[136,593,1479,1506]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="medogensis">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,374,1479,1506]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">Begonia medogensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Li, J. W. &amp; Tan, Y. H. &amp; Wang, X. L. &amp; Wang, C. W. &amp; Jin, X. H." box="[380,593,1479,1506]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" pagination="13 - 18" refId="ref2321" refString="Li, J. W., Tan, Y. H., Wang, X. L., Wang, C. W. &amp; Jin, X. H. (2018) Begonia medogensis, a new species of Begoniaceae from Western China and Northern Myanmar. PhytoKeys 18: 13 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / phytokeys. 103.25392" type="journal article" year="2018">
Li 
<emphasis box="[412,468,1479,1505]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">et al.</emphasis>
(2018: 14)
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)
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<materialsCitation collectionCode="HITBC, PE, K" collectorName="Xiaohua Jin &amp; Jianwu Li &amp; Xilong Wang &amp; Chengwang Wang" country="China" county="Medog County" location="Type" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
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:— 
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. 
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, 
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&amp; 
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19331 (
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: 
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!, isotype: 
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!, 
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!, 
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!). 
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and 
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Perennial monoecious herbs, caulescent, erect. Rhizomes short, stout. Stems reddish-purple, floccose, 
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tall, internode 
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long, upper part well-branched, with internodes 
<quantity box="[961,1046,1659,1686]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 cm</quantity>
long. Stipules persistent, triangular to lanceolate, 6–8 × 
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, apex acuminate to cuspidate. Leaves cauline; petiole 
<quantity box="[1146,1274,1696,1722]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2.7 cm</quantity>
long, floccose; leaf blade ovate-lanceolate, slightly asymmetric, 6–10 × 
<quantity box="[772,879,1732,1758]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="2.0">2–3.7 cm</quantity>
, adaxially green, slightly hairy, abaxially greenishwhite, hairs prominent on veins, venation palmate-pinnate, 5–8-veined, base slightly oblique, rounded to sub cordate, margins remotely and irregularly denticulate, apex caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences axillary to terminal cymes, to 
<quantity box="[136,196,1839,1866]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
, sub-pendulous, primary peduncles 
<quantity box="[605,710,1840,1866]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="3.35" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.7">2.7–4 cm</quantity>
long, secondary peduncles 0.5–1.0 cm long, terminally with 1–5 flowers; floral bracts lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 5–10 × 
<quantity box="[837,957,1875,1902]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="3.35" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.7">1.7–5 mm</quantity>
, thickly papery, glabrous, apex acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 
<quantity box="[447,574,1911,1938]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 cm</quantity>
long, glabrous; tepals 4, white, outer 2 broadly ovate to orbicular, 1.8–2.3 × 
<quantity box="[136,265,1948,1974]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.7 cm</quantity>
, tinted with pink, glabrous, apex rounded; inner 2 elliptic to ovate, 1.6–2.1 × 
<quantity box="[1146,1275,1948,1974]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.9 cm</quantity>
, glabrous, apex obtuse to rounded; stamens 60–80; filaments free, c. 
<quantity box="[748,815,1984,2010]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long, sub-equal, fused at base into a 
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diameter column; anthers obovate, c. 
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long, apex emarginated. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 
<quantity box="[1093,1197,2020,2046]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="1.45" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.9">0.9–2 cm</quantity>
long, tepals 5, pinkish white, unequal, glabrous, outer broadly ovate, 1–1.4 × 
<quantity box="[755,884,2056,2082]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.2 cm</quantity>
, apex rounded, inner tepals smaller, elliptic-ovate, 9–13 × 
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, apex rounded; ovary glabrous, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bi-lamellate; styles 2, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiralled. Capsule sub-pendulous, cylindroid, 8–15 × 
<quantity box="[840,966,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="10.0">10–23 mm</quantity>
; wings 3, central 1 larger, oblong, 7–15 × 
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, apex truncate, lateral 2 less developed, 3–5 × 
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.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7639305" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7639305/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" startId="2.[136,229,2028,2050]" targetBox="[152,1435,190,2004]" targetPageId="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,253,2028,2050]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Irmsch." authorityName="Irmscher" authorityYear="1927" box="[257,525,2029,2051]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asperifolia">
<emphasis box="[257,446,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Begonia asperifolia</emphasis>
Irmsch.
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a, b. habit, c. adaxial leaf surface, d. abaxial leaf, e, 
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and inner surface of stipules, g. bracts, h. inflorescence, i, j. male flower, k, l. stamens, m, o. female flower, p. cross section of ovary, q, 
<taxonomicName box="[1064,1157,2065,2087]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="capsule">r. capsule</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7639309" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7639309/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" startId="3.[136,229,1992,2014]" targetBox="[165,1422,190,1968]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,1992,2086]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,254,1992,2014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Li et al." authorityName="Li" box="[261,544,1992,2014]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="medogensis">
<emphasis box="[261,460,1992,2014]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">Begonia medogensis</emphasis>
Li 
<emphasis box="[494,544,1992,2014]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="118">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: a–c: Habit, b–c. flowering stem, d. abaxial surface of a leaf, e. tender shoots with stipules, 
<taxonomicName form="flowering" pageId="3" pageNumber="118" rank="form">f. flowering</taxonomicName>
buds, g–i. inflorescences, j. bracts, k. staminate flower, l. stamens, m. pistillate flower, n. ovary, o. tepals, p. capsule, q. cross section of capsule.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,507,266,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Flowering and Fruiting:―</emphasis>
March–August and October–December.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,373,302,328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Distribution:―</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[373,440,302,328]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">China</collectingCountry>
(
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), 
<collectingCountry box="[538,647,303,329]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Chen, W. H. &amp; Tian, D. &amp; Radbouchoom, S. &amp; Xiao, Y. &amp; Cong, Y. Y. &amp; Guo, S. &amp; Shui, Y. M." box="[661,851,302,328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="100 - 106" refId="ref2791" refString="Chen, W. H., Tian, D., Radbouchoom, S., Xiao, Y., Cong, Y. Y., Guo, S. &amp; Shui, Y. M. (2018) Miscellaneous notes on Begonia medogensis (Begoniaceae). Phytotaxa 381 (1): 100 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 381.1.13" type="journal article" year="2018">
Chen 
<emphasis box="[729,785,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Li, J. W. &amp; Tan, Y. H. &amp; Wang, X. L. &amp; Wang, C. W. &amp; Jin, X. H." box="[863,1016,302,328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" pagination="13 - 18" refId="ref2321" refString="Li, J. W., Tan, Y. H., Wang, X. L., Wang, C. W. &amp; Jin, X. H. (2018) Begonia medogensis, a new species of Begoniaceae from Western China and Northern Myanmar. PhytoKeys 18: 13 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / phytokeys. 103.25392" type="journal article" year="2018">
Li 
<emphasis box="[895,951,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<collectingCountry box="[1077,1135,302,328]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">India</collectingCountry>
(present study).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,158,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,474,338,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Habitat and Ecology:―</emphasis>
It is found along the forest floor near annual streams, where stone banks remain moist throughout the year at an elevation from 
<quantity box="[610,756,374,401]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" unit="m" value="1000.0" valueMax="1200.0" valueMin="800.0">800–1200 m</quantity>
. It was found in association with 
<taxonomicName authority="C. DC." authorityName="C. DC." box="[1147,1445,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedicellatum">
<emphasis box="[1147,1364,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Piper pedicellatum</emphasis>
C.DC.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="Thunb., Musa" authorityName="Thunb., Musa" box="[136,536,410,437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Hydrocotyle" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="javanica">
<emphasis box="[136,375,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Hydrocotyle javanica</emphasis>
Thunb., Musa
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName authority="(Blume) Cogn." authorityName="Cogn." baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[587,1014,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Thladiantha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordifolia">
<emphasis box="[587,838,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Thladiantha cordifolia</emphasis>
(Blume) Cogn.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authority="Hook. f. &amp; Thomson" authorityName="Hook. f. &amp; Thomson" box="[1024,1448,410,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balsaminaceae" genus="Impatiens" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arguta">
<emphasis box="[1024,1215,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Impatiens arguta</emphasis>
Hook.f. &amp; Thomson
</taxonomicName>
, etc. along with mosses, liverworts and ferns.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,158,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,463,482,508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Specimen examined:―</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-03-21" collectorName="Momang Taram &amp; D. Borah" country="India" county="Lower Subansiri District" elevation="980" location="Kimin" municipality="Potin" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[463,547,482,508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">
<collectingCountry box="[463,547,482,508]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">INDIA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
. 
<collectingRegion box="[560,776,482,508]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty box="[787,1068,482,509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Lower Subansiri District</collectingCounty>
, near 
<collectingMunicipality box="[1135,1194,482,508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Potin</collectingMunicipality>
to 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:747F87B15251FFEBB3E8FA4BFAD4FDDF:F909607C5254FFEBB7AEFE6EFA94FE03" box="[1230,1302,482,508]" country="India" county="Lower Subansiri District" municipality="Potin" name="Kimin" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">Kimin</location>
road, 
<quantity box="[1373,1447,482,509]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" unit="m" value="980.0">
<elevation box="[1373,1447,482,509]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" unit="m" value="980.0">980 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date box="[136,310,518,544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" value="2022-03-21">
<collectingDate box="[136,310,518,544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" value="2022-03-21">21 March 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName box="[321,500,519,545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Momang Taram</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[536,631,518,544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">D.Borah</collectorName>
9547 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:747F87B15251FFEBB3E8FA4BFAD4FDDF:F909607C5254FFEBB1DDFD8AFBF2FDDF" box="[701,1136,518,544]" country="India" county="Lower Subansiri District" municipality="Potin" name="Herbarium of Rajiv Gandhi University" pageId="4" pageNumber="119" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">Herbarium of Rajiv Gandhi University</location>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<collectingRegion box="[1146,1361,518,544]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="4" pageNumber="119">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>