207 lines
21 KiB
XML
207 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="1F1CAE8CFADBE531ED3A2F716A2AF90E" ID-CLB-Dataset="5929" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4981.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2a6a68b5-abec-4b2f-87b8-91cc5e0f1e78" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4897574" ID-ZooBank="72B8C187-2685-475E-A20F-60830FF606A0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1622729618950" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jordal, Bjarte" docDate="2021" docId="03F88786FFB31F483599FE4FA2E3984B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4981.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4981 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Afromicracis concava Jordal 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="E4485898-AF84-4EB6-B706-E653E39A985C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="78" masterDocId="FFC1FFFEFFBB1F40350EFF95A05F9E1B" masterDocTitle="Small, uniform, and rarely collected-an integrated taxonomic revision of Afromicracis bark beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytinae)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="70" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1698999388304" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F5A5DBC3C363C2D92C1BCABB6809C0A7">Small, uniform, and rarely collected-an integrated taxonomic revision of Afromicracis bark beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="83C2E87B4B1902298CF81A030A217736">Jordal, Bjarte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A3E2DA6338531F5B1D3F3FEF76FCD339">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CA4EF5D023D4B25888FCB3A05C148BCB">
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<mods:date id="530FE9134E86771C3D2D163578CF67BC">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5672D23A3376B3599AB882300EDDF49A">2021-06-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A33BFEA2A397BF103E23DD64488EE3A0">4981</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="97A82F0F9B6DD5C049E8BB5344B4D99F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4981.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F88786FFB31F483599FE4FA2E3984B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4897592" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183224437" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4897592" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E4485898-AF84-4EB6-B706-E653E39A985C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F88786FFB31F483599FE4FA2E3984B" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection id="C34B651BFFB31F483599FE4FA3E29C02" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE3690FFB31F483599FE4FA23A9FEF" blockId="8.[151,957,474,573]" box="[151,613,474,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F483599FE4FA23A9FEF" bold="true" box="[151,613,474,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D13FFB31F483599FE4FA1A59FEF" authority="Jordal" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,506,474,501]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Afromicracis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concava" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F483599FE4FA1FF9FEE" bold="true" box="[151,416,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Afromicracis concava</emphasis>
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Jordal
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21657F9FFB31F483709FE4FA23A9FEF" box="[519,613,474,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE3690FFB31F483599FE6BA3E29C02" blockId="8.[151,957,474,573]" box="[151,957,510,537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFF70C45FFB31F4834A7FE6BA3E29C02" box="[425,957,510,537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">E4485898-AF84-4EB6-B706-E653E39A985C</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B651BFFB31F483599FDB7A1909C26" box="[151,463,546,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEE3690FFB31F483599FDB7A1909C26" blockId="8.[151,957,474,573]" box="[151,463,546,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">
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(
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<figureCitation id="136A2A15FFB31F483591FDB7A12B9C27" box="[159,372,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–27" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[171,1428,634,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-224@10.[156,1432,632,1902]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 21–27. Dorsal lateral and front view of Afromicracis concava male holotype (21, 23, 25), female allotype (26), and Afromicracis longa holotype (male?) (22, 24, 27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4897584" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4897584/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Figs 21, 23, 25, 26</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136A2A15FFB31F48348EFDB7A1C19C26" box="[384,414,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1038,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-327@15.[151,1436,1038,1656]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 54. Distribution of selected Afromicracis species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4897598" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4897598/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">54</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136A2A15FFB31F4834A4FDB7A1989C26" box="[426,455,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 55–57" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1006,1030]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,416,982]" captionTargetId="figure-113@16.[153,1434,416,982]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 55–57. Internal body structures in Afromicracis. Proventriculus (55) and male aedeagus (56) of A. densisetosa and male aedeagus of A. concava (57)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4897600" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4897600/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">57</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34B651BFFB31F483599FDFFA3339CD6" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEE3690FFB31F483599FDFFA3339CD6" blockId="8.[151,1437,618,1616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F483599FDFFA1169C9F" bold="true" box="[151,329,618,644]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B393CCDFFB31F48345DFDFFA3489CB3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3311792306" collectingDate="2007-11-26" collectorName="SW Province & B. Jordal" country="Cameroon" elevation="2000" latitude="4.129" location="Mann Spring" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="9.134" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54EA8832FFB31F48345DFDFFA1E49C9F" box="[339,443,618,644]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male:
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<collectingCountry id="F3467600FFB31F483701FDFFA2D89C9F" box="[527,647,618,644]" name="Cameroon" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A45346FFB31F48379BFDFFA3709C9F" box="[661,815,618,644]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">SW Province</collectorName>
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, [Mt.
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<collectingCountry id="F3467600FFB31F483674FDFFA3AD9C9E" box="[890,1010,618,645]" name="Cameroon" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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]
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<location id="8E8E604BFFB31F48310CFDFEA4C49C9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F88786FFB31F483599FE4FA2E3984B:8E8E604BFFB31F48310CFDFEA4C49C9F" box="[1026,1179,618,645]" country="Cameroon" latitude="4.129" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="9.134" name="Mann Spring" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Mann Spring</location>
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,
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<quantity id="4CA99B75FFB31F4831A4FDFFA55C9C9E" box="[1194,1283,618,645]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="2000.0">
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||
<elevation id="007CD1A3FFB31F4831A4FDFFA55C9C9E" box="[1194,1283,618,645]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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[GIS:
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<geoCoordinate id="EE655057FFB31F483058FDFFA5C79C9F" box="[1366,1432,618,644]" degrees="4.129" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" precision="55" value="4.129">4.129</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE655057FFB31F483599FD1BA0849CB2" box="[151,219,654,681]" degrees="9.134" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" precision="55" value="9.134">9.134</geoCoordinate>
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], ex
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D13FFB31F48341DFD1AA1279CB3" box="[275,376,655,680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F48341DFD1AA1279CB3" box="[275,376,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Vernonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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branch,
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<date id="FFEF1050FFB31F4834D3FD1BA22F9CB3" box="[477,624,654,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" value="2007-11-26">
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<collectingDate id="EFABE9B8FFB31F4834D3FD1BA22F9CB3" box="[477,624,654,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" value="2007-11-26">26.Nov.2007</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A45346FFB31F483773FD1AA2BB9CB3" box="[637,740,654,681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">B. Jordal</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B393CCDFFB31F483610FD1BA57A9CB2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3311792321" box="[798,1317,654,681]" collectionCode="ZMUB" country="Cameroon" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="allotype">
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<typeStatus id="54EA8832FFB31F483610FD1BA3DF9CB3" box="[798,896,654,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
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and
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<typeStatus id="54EA8832FFB31F4836B4FD1AA47A9CB2" box="[954,1061,655,681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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(6): same data as HT.
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</materialsCitation>
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<typeStatus id="54EA8832FFB31F483023FD1BA5C79CB3" box="[1325,1432,654,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<typeStatus id="54EA8832FFB31F483599FD27A0AE9CD7" box="[151,241,690,716]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
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and
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<specimenCount id="9D57FD19FFB31F483426FD27A1979CD6" box="[296,456,690,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">four paratypes</specimenCount>
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in
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<collectionCode id="ED40AE55FFB31F4834E3FD26A21E9CD6" box="[493,577,691,717]" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">ZMUB</collectionCode>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D57FD19FFB31F483745FD26A2B89CD6" box="[587,743,691,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">two paratypes</specimenCount>
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in
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<collectionCode id="ED40AE55FFB31F483602FD26A3369CD6" box="[780,873,691,717]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B651BFFB31F4835C9FD43A2EC9D0F" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BEE3690FFB31F4835C9FD43A2EC9D0F" blockId="8.[151,1437,618,1616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F4835C9FD43A11D9CEB" bold="true" box="[199,322,726,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Male frons strongly concave, smooth without punctures and setae. Protibiae slightly widened at apicolateral corner, with 3–5 socketed denticles.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B651BFFB31F4835C9FC8BA5D89ABB" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEE3690FFB31F4835C9FC8BA5D89ABB" blockId="8.[151,1437,618,1616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F4835C9FC8BA25D9D23" bold="true" box="[199,514,798,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Description, male. Length</emphasis>
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<quantity id="4CA99B75FFB31F483705FC8BA2C89D22" box="[523,663,798,825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.8 mm</quantity>
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, 2.5–2.6 × as long as wide. Colour reddish brown.
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<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F4831E5FC8BA56F9D23" bold="true" box="[1259,1328,798,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Frons</emphasis>
|
||
concave, smooth, impunctate, glabrous, upper median part with transverse carina, laterally with acute nodules just above eyes; antennal scapus with few setae; club with dense setae at margins at basal fourth, and one complete suture marked by setae on apical fourth.
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<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F483724FC1FA2FC9DBF" bold="true" box="[554,675,906,932]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Pronotum</emphasis>
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||
trapezoid, with asperities on anterior half separated by half their size, subcontiguous near summit; cuticle on posterior half rugose; vestiture consisting of hair-like setae between asperities, spatulate setae on posterior half.
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<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F483773FC47A28E9DF7" bold="true" box="[637,721,978,1004]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Elytral</emphasis>
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||
striae not impressed, interstriae smooth, with uniseriate rows of spatulate setae spaced by their length; strial setae minute, shorter than distance between them.
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||
<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F4831CFFC63A56A9A0B" bold="true" box="[1217,1333,1014,1040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Ventrites.</emphasis>
|
||
Setae on meso- and metaventrites long, unifid, each 2–4 × longer than interstrial setae.
|
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<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F4836F8FB8FA46A9A2F" bold="true" box="[1014,1077,1050,1076]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Protibiae narrow, lateral margin slightly expanded near apex, with 3–5 denticles on lateral and apical margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F4836E1FBABA43B9A43" bold="true" box="[1007,1124,1086,1112]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Apophyses twice as long as penis, dorsoventrally strongly curved; flagellum long and thin, coiled; tegmen missing, a V-shaped hollow structure along apophyses possibly associated with flagellum coil. Spiculum gastrale as long as aedeagus, with small fork.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B651BFFB31F4835C9FB3FA3F69AF3" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE3690FFB31F4835C9FB3FA3F69AF3" blockId="8.[151,1437,618,1616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F4835C9FB3FA1119ADF" bold="true" box="[199,334,1194,1220]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
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The name is a feminine nominative adjective meaning hollow or concave, referring to the strongly impressed male frons—a highly unusual feature in male micracidines.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C34B651BFFB31F4835C9FB67A2E3984B" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE3690FFB31F4835C9FB67A1339BDA" blockId="8.[151,1437,618,1616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F4835C9FB67A1AB9B17" bold="true" box="[199,500,1266,1292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EA8832FFB31F4837F7FB66A3769B16" box="[761,809,1267,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality at Mann Spring, Mount
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3467600FFB31F483191FB67A5489B17" box="[1183,1303,1266,1292]" name="Cameroon" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Specimens were dissected from a variety of unusual host plants in different plant orders, including a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D13FFB31F48317EFA82A4B39B2B" box="[1136,1260,1303,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hypericaceae" genus="Hypericum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F48317EFA82A4B39B2B" box="[1136,1260,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Hypericum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tree (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D13FFB31F483024FA83A0929B4E" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hypericaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Hypericaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and from lignified herbs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D13FFB31F483718FAAEA34D9B4F" box="[534,786,1338,1364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F483718FAAEA2249B4F" box="[534,635,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Vernonia</emphasis>
|
||
(Asteraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D13FFB31F483613FAAFA42A9B4F" authorityName="C. Jeffrey" authorityYear="1986" baseAuthorityName="Hook. fil." box="[797,1141,1338,1364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solanecio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mannii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F483613FAAFA3BE9B4F" box="[797,993,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Solanecio mannii</emphasis>
|
||
(Asteraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D13FFB31F4831A2FAAFA0899B62" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Plectranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F4831A2FAAFA5649B4F" box="[1196,1339,1338,1364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Plectranthus</emphasis>
|
||
(Lamiaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They fed on the bark or cortex of the first three hosts. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D13FFB31F483667FACBA3A79B63" box="[873,1016,1374,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Plectranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F483667FACBA3A79B63" box="[873,1016,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Plectranthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the beetles were found in the woody roots pulled out from the soil. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D13FFB31F483708FA16A2349B87" box="[518,619,1411,1436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EA82FFB31F483708FA16A2349B87" box="[518,619,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">Vernonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
both adults and larvae excavated longitudinal tunnels between fibres just beneath the cortex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE3690FFB31F4835C9FA5FA2E3984B" blockId="8.[151,1437,618,1616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78">
|
||
Dead plants were apparently colonized by females although maturation feeding cannot be ruled out. In other samples, a male with
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D57FD19FFB31F48349EFA7AA2529813" box="[400,525,1518,1545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
were later joined by additional females; usually a total of three or
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D57FD19FFB31F483000FA7BA5C39813" box="[1294,1436,1518,1544]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="female">four females</specimenCount>
|
||
were present in one harem. The second female joined approximately after the first female laid
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D57FD19FFB31F4831B2F987A5499836" box="[1212,1302,1554,1581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="78" type="egg">10 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
. Broods per female ranged between 23–39 (average 31, n=8).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |