352 lines
50 KiB
XML
352 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="AA656B947328A66FB4204A9FAF0972DF" ID-CLB-Dataset="21207" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2016.1253797" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ffdfb2b7-ecf7-4eef-a826-cbaeed24bb17" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3994811" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1598027921682" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Dick, Matthew H. & Grischenko, Andrei V." docDate="2016" docId="03BE87C2D1785C666314FC38FDC7FCF3" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.51.3-4.141-266.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 51" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1253797" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Crassimarginatella extenuata" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="164" masterDocId="FF87FFBAD16C5C716215FFFAFF85FFE8" masterDocTitle="Rocky-intertidal cheilostome bryozoans from the vicinity of the Sesoko Biological Station, west-central Okinawa, Japan" masterLastPageNumber="266" masterPageNumber="141" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1698845144665" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="88F2322D240608FB5809FAEBD8458F71">
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<mods:title id="1B88F9AD81C9005F17FF7322DC04086F">Rocky-intertidal cheilostome bryozoans from the vicinity of the Sesoko Biological Station, west-central Okinawa, Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="052A7FE63D046C402E8C9144B791D816" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5F430BF65A4C2E5206EF9F77FFFFC636">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B780F40488D7F8ED06122CEC6719A804">Dick, Matthew H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B38709F6C806F2366052884F53684B9B">Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5F12D32EF7FD181BFB2A8D8306461ED2">Grischenko, Andrei V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0D23C346FB9D14974D11FDC696D0323F">Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Aquatic Ecology, Biological Faculty, Perm State National Research University, Perm, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3100DE1FC37E73CA50A2FD7233AEAE96">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="658F338336CE4344A6F446087CFFB977">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="434F4C4838BFF47C9CB58B589948A58A">
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<mods:date id="678CC23179AE79692B1097F0F41FB00D">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="00BEB1D8613B58FEF1833DDBDDE49A18">2016-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="A5C7C4992701090B4BEC19D5B727EDA0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3C9169FF4ACEE404AFF3696D4A13E1D9">51</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="634E1C8EE1000DC3806710BF40D27963">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1253797</mods:url>
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<treatment id="03BE87C2D1785C666314FC38FDC7FCF3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4333658" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167288375" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4333658" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BE87C2D1785C666314FC38FDC7FCF3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BE87C2D1785C666314FC38FDC7FCF3" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">
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<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1785C656314FC38FD6DFC16" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1785C656314FC38FD6DFC16" blockId="20.[257,1058,962,1022]" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">
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<heading id="D0E081B8D1785C656314FC38FD6DFC16" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" reason="2">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1785C656314FC38FBA7FC33" ID-CoL="Z6LC" authority="(Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari, 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[257,1058,962,987]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Crassimarginatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="extenuata">
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1785C656314FC38FDE8FC33" bold="true" box="[257,621,962,987]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" reason="3">Crassimarginatella extenuata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1785C656069FC38FB9FFC33" author="Dick MH & Tilbrook KJ & Mawatari SF" box="[636,1050,962,987]" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" pagination="2197 - 2257" refId="ref61502" refString="Dick MH, Tilbrook KJ, Mawatari SF. 2006. Diversity and taxonomy of rocky-intertidal Bryozoa on the Island of Hawaii, USA. J Nat Hist. 40: 2197 - 2257." type="journal article" year="2006">Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1785C656056FC1FFD20FC16" box="[579,677,997,1022]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. (a–d) Corbulella extenuata Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari, NSMT-Te 1064: (a) autozooids; (b) oblique view of colony margin showing interzooidal connections and presumed vestigial ooecium at early stage of formation (far top right); (c) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (d) same ancestrula (asterisk) as in panel (c) after bleaching, with daughter zooids lost from left side. (e, f) Cranosina coronata (Hincks), NSMT-Te 1065: (e) autozooids (the central three showing regenerative, intramurally budded cystids); (f) autozooids at colony margin (central zooid with intramurally budded cystid). Panels are scanning electron microscopic images of dried (a, c) or bleached (b, d–f) specimens. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–d = 300 µm; e, f = 400 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994823/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">Figure 6</figureCitation>
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(a
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1785C6560AFFC1EFD4DFC15" box="[698,712,996,1021]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">–</emphasis>
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d))
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1785C6562B5FBD2FBA4FBA8" box="[160,1057,1064,1088]" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1785C6562B5FBD2FBA4FBA8" blockId="20.[160,1057,1064,1088]" box="[160,1057,1064,1088]" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1785C6562B5FBD2FCFCFBA8" ID-CoL="6B2RK" authority="Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari, 2006, p. 2207" authorityName="Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari" authorityPageNumber="2207" authorityYear="2006" box="[160,889,1064,1088]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Corbulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="extenuata">
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1785C6562B5FBD2FE06FBA8" box="[160,387,1064,1088]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">Corbulella extenuata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D1785C656399FBD2FC90FBA8" author="Dick MH & Tilbrook KJ & Mawatari SF" box="[396,789,1064,1088]" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" pagination="2197 - 2257" refId="ref61502" refString="Dick MH, Tilbrook KJ, Mawatari SF. 2006. Diversity and taxonomy of rocky-intertidal Bryozoa on the Island of Hawaii, USA. J Nat Hist. 40: 2197 - 2257." type="journal article" year="2006">Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 2207
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1785C656190FBD2FC66FBA8" box="[901,995,1064,1088]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="14.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 4. (a–e) Thalamoporella karesansui sp. nov.: (a) NSMT-Te 1060 (holotype), autozooids, vicarious avicularium and ovicelled zooids; (b) NHMUK 2016.5.13.7 (paratype), vicarious avicularia and surrounding autozooids; (c) SES-specimen A, basal surface of dried colony, showing basal insertions; (d) NHMUK 2016.5.13.7 (paratype), spicules removed by bleaching, including small C-shaped callipers and medium-sized, slightly angled compasses; asterisks mark sponge spicules; (e) NHMUK 2016.5.13.7 (paratype), interzooidal connections; (f) Thalamoporella stapifera (Levinsen), NSMT-Te 1055, interzooidal connections. a, b, e, f, scanning electron microscopic images of bleached material; c, d, photomicrographs. Scale bars: a, c = 500 µm; b = 250 µm; d = 100 µm; e, f = 150 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994819/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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(a
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1785C6561E2FBD2FB81FBA8" box="[1015,1028,1064,1088]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">–</emphasis>
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d).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1785C6562B5FB8BFD44FB45" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1785C6562B5FB8BFE05FB63" blockId="20.[160,705,1137,1197]" box="[160,384,1137,1163]" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">
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<heading id="D0E081B8D1785C6562B5FB8BFE05FB63" box="[160,384,1137,1163]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" reason="5">
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1785C6562B5FB8BFE05FB63" bold="true" box="[160,384,1137,1163]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" reason="3">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1785C6562B5FB6FFD44FB45" blockId="20.[160,705,1137,1197]" box="[160,705,1173,1197]" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">
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NSMT-Te 1064 (
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<collectionCode id="ED06AE11D1785C656347FB6FFE09FB45" box="[338,396,1173,1197]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14095" name="Southeastern Shanxi Teachers School" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" type="Herbarium">SES-</collectionCode>
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41), bleached, on SEM stub.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30D655FD1785C6462B5FB24FEF5F975" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1785C6562B5FB24FEC8FB10" blockId="20.[160,1156,1246,1341]" box="[160,333,1246,1272]" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">
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<heading id="D0E081B8D1785C6562B5FB24FEC8FB10" box="[160,333,1246,1272]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" reason="5">
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1785C6562B5FB24FEC8FB10" bold="true" box="[160,333,1246,1272]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" reason="3">Measurements</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1785C6562B5FAF8FCB7FAD5" blockId="20.[160,1156,1246,1341]" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">
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AzL, 0.53
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1785C656313FAF8FE96FAF2" box="[262,275,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">–</emphasis>
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0.65 (0.586 ± 0.047); AzW, 0.35
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1785C656066FAF8FD05FAF2" box="[627,640,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">–</emphasis>
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0.49 (0.387 ± 0.048) (n = 7,1). OpL, 0.32
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1785C656652FAF8FBD1FAF2" box="[1095,1108,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">–</emphasis>
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0.39 (0.346 ± 0.028); OpW, 0.24
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1785C6563D9FADFFE5CFAD5" box="[460,473,1317,1341]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">–</emphasis>
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0.29 (0.263 ± 0.024) (n = 7, 1).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1785C6562B5FA97FEA3FA6F" blockId="20.[160,1156,1389,1727]" box="[160,294,1389,1415]" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">
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<heading id="D0E081B8D1785C6562B5FA97FEA3FA6F" box="[160,294,1389,1415]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" reason="5">
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<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1785C6562B5FA97FEA3FA6F" bold="true" box="[160,294,1389,1415]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="161" reason="3">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1785C6462B5FA68FEF5F975" blockId="20.[160,1156,1389,1727]" lastBlockId="21.[160,1155,1460,1693]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">
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One small, periancestrular colony observed, containing 25 zooids, with only about seven zooids in zone of astogenetic repetition (
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<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1785C65606EFA4FFD5FFA25" box="[635,730,1461,1485]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. (a–d) Corbulella extenuata Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari, NSMT-Te 1064: (a) autozooids; (b) oblique view of colony margin showing interzooidal connections and presumed vestigial ooecium at early stage of formation (far top right); (c) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (d) same ancestrula (asterisk) as in panel (c) after bleaching, with daughter zooids lost from left side. (e, f) Cranosina coronata (Hincks), NSMT-Te 1065: (e) autozooids (the central three showing regenerative, intramurally budded cystids); (f) autozooids at colony margin (central zooid with intramurally budded cystid). Panels are scanning electron microscopic images of dried (a, c) or bleached (b, d–f) specimens. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–d = 300 µm; e, f = 400 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994823/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">Figure 6</figureCitation>
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(a)); forming a unilaminar, encrusting sheet; light yellowish-tan. Zooids distinct, delineated by a groove. Gymnocyst smooth, sloping, well exposed proximally, tapering laterally. Opesia oval, widest in middle or proximal third, occupying two-thirds to three-quarters of frontal area; distal margin straight (
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<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1785C65631DF9C5FEECF9BF" box="[264,361,1599,1623]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. (a–d) Corbulella extenuata Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari, NSMT-Te 1064: (a) autozooids; (b) oblique view of colony margin showing interzooidal connections and presumed vestigial ooecium at early stage of formation (far top right); (c) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (d) same ancestrula (asterisk) as in panel (c) after bleaching, with daughter zooids lost from left side. (e, f) Cranosina coronata (Hincks), NSMT-Te 1065: (e) autozooids (the central three showing regenerative, intramurally budded cystids); (f) autozooids at colony margin (central zooid with intramurally budded cystid). Panels are scanning electron microscopic images of dried (a, c) or bleached (b, d–f) specimens. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–d = 300 µm; e, f = 400 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994823/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="161">Figure 6</figureCitation>
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(d)). Cryptocyst well developed, coarsely granulated, steeply sloping; widest proximally, tapering laterally, narrowest distally, but complete around straight distal margin of opesia. Zooids distally with small, low, smoothly rounded gymnocystal cap in midline. Six to nine coarse, hollow spines (modal number, 8; n = 7) around opesial margin (
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<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1795C646316FA4FFEE1FA25" box="[259,356,1461,1485]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. (a–d) Corbulella extenuata Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari, NSMT-Te 1064: (a) autozooids; (b) oblique view of colony margin showing interzooidal connections and presumed vestigial ooecium at early stage of formation (far top right); (c) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (d) same ancestrula (asterisk) as in panel (c) after bleaching, with daughter zooids lost from left side. (e, f) Cranosina coronata (Hincks), NSMT-Te 1065: (e) autozooids (the central three showing regenerative, intramurally budded cystids); (f) autozooids at colony margin (central zooid with intramurally budded cystid). Panels are scanning electron microscopic images of dried (a, c) or bleached (b, d–f) specimens. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–d = 300 µm; e, f = 400 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994823/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="162">Figure 6</figureCitation>
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(a, b)), including usually two pairs of orificial spines; spines erect or slightly tilted inward, reaching nearly as long as opesial width. Ancestrula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1795C6461FCFA2DFBC3FA07" box="[1001,1094,1495,1519]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. (a–d) Corbulella extenuata Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari, NSMT-Te 1064: (a) autozooids; (b) oblique view of colony margin showing interzooidal connections and presumed vestigial ooecium at early stage of formation (far top right); (c) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (d) same ancestrula (asterisk) as in panel (c) after bleaching, with daughter zooids lost from left side. (e, f) Cranosina coronata (Hincks), NSMT-Te 1065: (e) autozooids (the central three showing regenerative, intramurally budded cystids); (f) autozooids at colony margin (central zooid with intramurally budded cystid). Panels are scanning electron microscopic images of dried (a, c) or bleached (b, d–f) specimens. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–d = 300 µm; e, f = 400 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994823/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="162">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(c, d)) of same form as subsequent zooids, but smaller, with three orificial and five opesial spines; connecting with six periancestrular zooids, of which proximal three are larger than distal three. Zooids interconnect (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D1795C64604DF9C5FD31F9BF" box="[600,692,1599,1623]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. (a–d) Corbulella extenuata Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari, NSMT-Te 1064: (a) autozooids; (b) oblique view of colony margin showing interzooidal connections and presumed vestigial ooecium at early stage of formation (far top right); (c) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (d) same ancestrula (asterisk) as in panel (c) after bleaching, with daughter zooids lost from left side. (e, f) Cranosina coronata (Hincks), NSMT-Te 1065: (e) autozooids (the central three showing regenerative, intramurally budded cystids); (f) autozooids at colony margin (central zooid with intramurally budded cystid). Panels are scanning electron microscopic images of dried (a, c) or bleached (b, d–f) specimens. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–d = 300 µm; e, f = 400 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994823/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="162">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)) via broad pore chamber with around five pores in transverse wall, and two pore chambers in each distolateral wall, each with two to four pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF68665CD1795C6462B5FB7FFC8BFA82" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994823" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3994823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994823/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="162" startId="21.[160,225,1157,1180]" targetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D1795C6462B5FB7FFC8BFA82" blockId="21.[160,1156,1157,1386]" pageId="21" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1795C6462B5FB7FFF7EFB74" bold="true" box="[160,251,1157,1180]" pageId="21" pageNumber="162">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
(a
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1795C646303FB7FFEA6FB74" box="[278,291,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="162">–</emphasis>
|
||
d)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1795C64632BFB7FFCAFFB74" authority="Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari" authorityName="Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari" box="[318,810,1157,1180]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Corbulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="21" pageNumber="162" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="extenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1795C64632BFB7FFD81FB74" box="[318,516,1157,1180]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="162">Corbulella extenuata</emphasis>
|
||
Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NSMT-Te 1064: (a) autozooids; (b) oblique view of colony margin showing interzooidal connections and presumed vestigial ooecium at early stage of formation (far top right); (c) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (d) same ancestrula (asterisk) as in panel (c) after bleaching, with daughter zooids lost from left side. (e, f)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D1795C646636FB27FECAFAFA" authority="(Hincks)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1881" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cranosina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="21" pageNumber="162" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1795C646636FB27FF73FAFA" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="162">Cranosina coronata</emphasis>
|
||
(Hincks)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NSMT-Te 1065: (e) autozooids (the central three showing regenerative, intramurally budded cystids); (f) autozooids at colony margin (central zooid with intramurally budded cystid). Panels are scanning electron microscopic images of dried (a, c) or bleached (b, d
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1795C646633FACFFBB6FAA4" box="[1062,1075,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="162">–</emphasis>
|
||
f) specimens. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D1795C6463F2FAA9FE71FA82" box="[487,500,1363,1386]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="162">–</emphasis>
|
||
d = 300 µm; e, f = 400 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30D655FD17A5C6762B5FF77FC59FC0B" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FF77FE83FF4F" blockId="22.[160,1156,141,548]" box="[160,262,141,167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D17A5C6762B5FF77FE83FF4F" box="[160,262,141,167]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6762B5FF77FE83FF4F" bold="true" box="[160,262,141,167]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" reason="3">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FF48FD27FDCC" blockId="22.[160,1156,141,548]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
The generic assignment of this species, originally described from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D3F836D17A5C6761B9FF48FC72FF22" box="[940,1015,178,202]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17A5C67661FFF48FF52FF04" author="Dick MH & Tilbrook KJ & Mawatari SF" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" pagination="2197 - 2257" refId="ref61502" refString="Dick MH, Tilbrook KJ, Mawatari SF. 2006. Diversity and taxonomy of rocky-intertidal Bryozoa on the Island of Hawaii, USA. J Nat Hist. 40: 2197 - 2257." type="journal article" year="2006">Dick et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D17A5C676310FF2EFE62FF04" box="[261,487,212,236]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Corbulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="extenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C676310FF2EFE62FF04" box="[261,487,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Corbulella extenuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is problematic (see also remarks for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D17A5C67619FFF2EFB97FF04" authorityName="Dick & Grischenko" authorityYear="2016" box="[906,1042,212,236]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Crassimarginatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="eremitica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C67619FFF2EFB97FF04" box="[906,1042,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Cr. eremitica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
above). A presumed vicarious avicularium in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AC8876D17A5C676046FF0DFD32FEE7" box="[595,695,247,271]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen appears to lacks spines and to lack serration on the rostral rim, indicative of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D17A5C6760A2FEE0FC04FEDA" authorityName="Canu" authorityYear="1900" box="[695,897,282,306]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Crassimarginatella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6760A2FEE0FC04FEDA" box="[695,897,282,306]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Crassimarginatella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D17A5C676603FEE0FEC1FEBC" authority="(Gordon 1984)" baseAuthorityName="Gordon" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Corbulella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C676603FEE0FB01FEDA" box="[1046,1156,282,306]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Corbulella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17A5C6762B3FEC6FEBEFEBC" author="Gordon DP" box="[166,315,316,340]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" pagination="1 - 198" refId="ref61690" refString="Gordon DP. 1984. The marine fauna of New Zealand: bryozoa: Gymnolaemata from the Kermadec ridge. N Z Oceanogr Inst Mem. 91: 1 - 198." type="journal article" year="1984">Gordon 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The nature of the ovicell is unclear. In our small specimen from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D3F836D17A5C676609FEC6FB05FEBC" box="[1052,1152,316,340]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
, the cap-like structure at the distal end of the zooid, which
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17A5C67612AFEA5FC78FE9F" author="Dick MH & Tilbrook KJ & Mawatari SF" box="[831,1021,351,375]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" pagination="2197 - 2257" refId="ref61502" refString="Dick MH, Tilbrook KJ, Mawatari SF. 2006. Diversity and taxonomy of rocky-intertidal Bryozoa on the Island of Hawaii, USA. J Nat Hist. 40: 2197 - 2257." type="journal article" year="2006">Dick et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
interpreted as a vestigial ooecium, is present in the ancestrula and periancestrular zooids. The cap in the ancestrula bears a median spine base, whereas in other zooids it bears neither a spine nor a pseudopore, suggesting it is simply a swelling in the distal zooidal wall. It may be that this species produces prominent ovicells, which are simply absent in the two specimens of this species found to date.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FDABFEA1FD83" blockId="22.[160,1155,593,723]" box="[160,292,593,619]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D17A5C6762B5FDABFEA1FD83" box="[160,292,593,619]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6762B5FDABFEA1FD83" bold="true" box="[160,292,593,619]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" reason="3">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FD8CFD64FD3B" blockId="22.[160,1155,593,723]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
We found a single small colony at the SES site.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7F3C89D17A5C6760D3FD8CFD58FD3B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2846793340" location="western North Pacific" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii">
|
||
Only two small colonies of this species have been reported, one at
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D3F836D17A5C6763CDFD62FDA6FD58" box="[472,547,664,688]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
|
||
and one at
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D3F836D17A5C6760BFFD62FC8BFD58" box="[682,782,664,688]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
; the currently known distribution is the subtropical, central to
|
||
<location id="8EC8600FD17A5C6763FCFD41FD58FD3B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BE87C2D1785C666314FC38FDC7FCF3:8EC8600FD17A5C6763FCFD41FD58FD3B" box="[489,733,699,723]" name="western North Pacific" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Hawaii">western North Pacific</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6763BEFD07FC1DFCFE" blockId="22.[427,920,765,859]" box="[427,920,765,790]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D17A5C6763EBFD07FC1DFCFE" authority="Canu and Bassler, 1933" authorityName="Canu and Bassler" authorityYear="1933" box="[510,920,765,790]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cranosina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6763EBFD07FDFFFCFE" bold="true" box="[510,634,765,790]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Cranosina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17A5C676096FD07FC1DFCFE" author="Canu F & Bassler RS" box="[643,920,765,790]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref60974" refString="Canu F, Bassler RS. 1933. The bryozoan fauna of the Vincentown Limesand. Bull US Natl Mus. 165: 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1933">Canu and Bassler, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6763D5FCE5FCE6FCD0" blockId="22.[427,920,765,859]" box="[448,867,799,824]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D17A5C6763D5FCE5FCE6FCD0" authority="(Hincks, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[448,867,799,824]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cranosina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6763D5FCE5FD31FCD0" bold="true" box="[448,692,799,824]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" reason="3">Cranosina coronata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17A5C6760D6FCE5FCDFFCD0" author="Hincks T" box="[707,858,799,824]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" pagination="147 - 161" refId="ref62654" refString="Hincks T. 1881. Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. IV. Foreign Membraniporina (second series); V. Foreign Cheilostomata (Miscellaneous). Ann Mag Nat Hist 7 Ser 5. 7: 147 - 161, Plates 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="1881">Hincks, 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C67602BFCB8FD60FCB3" blockId="22.[427,920,765,859]" box="[574,741,834,859]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132C2A51D17A5C676053FCB8FD2FFCB3" box="[582,682,834,859]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="21.[160,225,1157,1180]" captionTargetBox="[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[178,1138,142,1126]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 6. (a–d) Corbulella extenuata Dick, Tilbrook, and Mawatari, NSMT-Te 1064: (a) autozooids; (b) oblique view of colony margin showing interzooidal connections and presumed vestigial ooecium at early stage of formation (far top right); (c) ancestrula and periancestrular zooids; (d) same ancestrula (asterisk) as in panel (c) after bleaching, with daughter zooids lost from left side. (e, f) Cranosina coronata (Hincks), NSMT-Te 1065: (e) autozooids (the central three showing regenerative, intramurally budded cystids); (f) autozooids at colony margin (central zooid with intramurally budded cystid). Panels are scanning electron microscopic images of dried (a, c) or bleached (b, d–f) specimens. Scale bars: a = 250 µm; b–d = 300 µm; e, f = 400 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3994823/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(e, f))
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FC7CFCB6FC76" blockId="22.[160,988,902,995]" box="[160,819,902,926]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D17A5C6762B5FC7CFD1EFC76" authority="Hincks, 1881, p. 147" authorityName="Hincks" authorityPageNumber="147" authorityYear="1881" box="[160,667,902,926]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Membraniporidae" genus="Membranipora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6762B5FC7CFE29FC76" box="[160,428,902,926]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Membranipora coronata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17A5C6763A0FC7CFDC1FC76" author="Hincks T" box="[437,580,902,926]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" pagination="147 - 161" refId="ref62654" refString="Hincks T. 1881. Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. IV. Foreign Membraniporina (second series); V. Foreign Cheilostomata (Miscellaneous). Ann Mag Nat Hist 7 Ser 5. 7: 147 - 161, Plates 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="1881">Hincks, 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 147
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 10, fig. 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FC52FCBDFC28" blockId="22.[160,988,902,995]" box="[160,824,936,960]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D17A5C6762B5FC52FDF2FC28" authority=": Harmer 1926, p. 265" authorityName="Harmer" authorityPageNumber="265" authorityYear="1926" box="[160,631,936,960]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Heliodomidae" genus="Setosellina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6762B5FC52FEFBFC28" box="[160,382,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Setosellina coronata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17A5C676399FC52FD9AFC28" author="Harmer SF" box="[396,543,936,960]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" pagination="13 - 34" refId="ref62291" refString="Harmer SF. 1926. The Polyzoa of the Siboga expedition, part 2, Cheilostomata Anasca (with additions to previous reports). Siboga Exped. 28 b: 183 - 501, Plates 13 - 34." type="book chapter" year="1926">Harmer 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 265
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. XVI, figs 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C676102FC52FCA1FC28" box="[791,804,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">–</emphasis>
|
||
4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FC31FC59FC0B" blockId="22.[160,988,902,995]" box="[160,988,971,995]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
For other synonyms and records, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17A5C67605AFC31FD74FC0B" author="Harmer SF" box="[591,753,971,995]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" pagination="13 - 34" refId="ref62291" refString="Harmer SF. 1926. The Polyzoa of the Siboga expedition, part 2, Cheilostomata Anasca (with additions to previous reports). Siboga Exped. 28 b: 183 - 501, Plates 13 - 34." type="book chapter" year="1926">Harmer (1926)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17A5C676138FC31FC5CFC0B" author="Tilbrook KJ" box="[813,985,971,995]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" refId="ref65817" refString="Tilbrook KJ. 2006. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa of the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara: Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History." type="book" year="2006">Tilbrook (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30D655FD17A5C6762B5FBEAFD7AFB87" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FBEAFE05FBC2" blockId="22.[160,1155,1040,1135]" box="[160,384,1040,1066]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D17A5C6762B5FBEAFE05FBC2" box="[160,384,1040,1066]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6762B5FBEAFE05FBC2" bold="true" box="[160,384,1040,1066]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" reason="3">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FBCEFD7AFB87" blockId="22.[160,1155,1040,1135]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
NSMT-Te 1065 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED06AE11D17A5C676345FBCEFE0EFBA4" box="[336,395,1076,1100]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15598" name="University of Minnesota" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" type="Herbarium">MIN-</collectionCode>
|
||
3), bleached, on SEM stub; NSMT-Te 1066, five dried specimens,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED06AE11D17A5C676649FBCEFB06FBA4" box="[1116,1155,1076,1100]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14095" name="Southeastern Shanxi Teachers School" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" type="Herbarium">SES</collectionCode>
|
||
site; NSMT-Te 1067, three dried specimens,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED06AE11D17A5C676086FBADFD4CFB87" box="[659,713,1111,1135]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">REEF</collectionCode>
|
||
site.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30D655FD17A5C6762B5FB66FE8BF957" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FB66FEC8FB5E" blockId="22.[160,1156,1180,1310]" box="[160,333,1180,1206]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D17A5C6762B5FB66FEC8FB5E" box="[160,333,1180,1206]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6762B5FB66FEC8FB5E" bold="true" box="[160,333,1180,1206]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" reason="3">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FB3BFD67FAF6" blockId="22.[160,1156,1180,1310]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
AzL, 0.53
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C67631AFB3AFE99FB30" box="[271,284,1216,1240]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.72 (0.614 ± 0.050); AzW, 0.39
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6760B8FB3AFD3FFB30" box="[685,698,1216,1240]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.50 (0.430 ± 0.035). OpL, 0.36
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C676652FB3AFBD1FB30" box="[1095,1108,1216,1240]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.53 (0.419 ± 0.044); OpW, 0.20
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6763C5FB19FE58FB13" box="[464,477,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.28 (0.232 ± 0.025). AvRosL, 0.16
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C67614AFB19FCE9FB13" box="[863,876,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.25 (0.198 ± 0.023). (All n = 15, 1). Largest colony observed
|
||
<quantity id="4CEF9B31D17A5C676029FAFCFD09FAF6" box="[572,652,1286,1310]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
across.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FAB1FEA3FA8D" blockId="22.[160,1156,1355,1727]" box="[160,294,1355,1381]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D17A5C6762B5FAB1FEA3FA8D" box="[160,294,1355,1381]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17A5C6762B5FAB1FEA3FA8D" bold="true" box="[160,294,1355,1381]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="163" reason="3">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17A5C6762B5FA95FE8BF957" blockId="22.[160,1156,1355,1727]" pageId="22" pageNumber="163">Colony forming an irregular, unilaminar, encrusting sheet; off- white in colour. Zooids distinct, hexagonal, separated by thin incision. Opesia large, widest in middle or proximal third. Cryptocyst broad, sloping with coarse granulation organised in irregular rows perpendicular to opesial margin, not extending around orifice; cryptocystal texture completely covers tapering proximal end of zooids. Distal end of zooid raised as a smooth gymnocystal cowl around orifice. Interzooidal avicularium distal to each zooid; rostrum tilted in proximal direction and pointing laterally or distolaterally; wide, prominent hinge denticles, but no complete hinge bar; mandible (not shown) long, filiform, sometimes exceeding width of zooid. Spines and ovicells lacking. Ancestrula not observed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30D655FD17B5C6662B5FF77FDC7FCF3" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17B5C6662B5FF77FE83FF4F" blockId="23.[160,1156,141,548]" box="[160,262,141,167]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D17B5C6662B5FF77FE83FF4F" box="[160,262,141,167]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17B5C6662B5FF77FE83FF4F" bold="true" box="[160,262,141,167]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" reason="3">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17B5C6662B5FF48FBD8FE9F" blockId="23.[160,1156,141,548]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164">
|
||
Species in this genus lack ooecia and brood embryos in an internal sac (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17B5C6661FDFF48FBFBFF22" author="Harmer SF" box="[1000,1150,178,202]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" pagination="13 - 34" refId="ref62291" refString="Harmer SF. 1926. The Polyzoa of the Siboga expedition, part 2, Cheilostomata Anasca (with additions to previous reports). Siboga Exped. 28 b: 183 - 501, Plates 13 - 34." type="book chapter" year="1926">Harmer 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17B5C6662B5FF2EFE0EFF04" author="Ostrovsky AN & Nielsen C & Vavra N & Yagunova EB" box="[160,395,212,236]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" pagination="13 - 35" refId="ref64447" refString="Ostrovsky AN, Nielsen C, Vavra N, Yagunova EB. 2009. Diversity of brood chambers in calloporid bryozoans (Gymnolaemata, Cheilostomata): comparative anatomy and evolutionary trends. Zoomorphology. 128: 13 - 35." type="journal article" year="2009">Ostrovsky et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17B5C66638DFF2EFDC0FF04" author="Ostrovsky AN" box="[408,581,212,236]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" refId="ref64385" refString="Ostrovsky AN. 2013. Evolution of sexual reproduction in marine invertebrates: example of gymnolaemate bryozoans. Dordrecht: Springer." type="book" year="2013">Ostrovsky 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Interestingly, apparently as a means of regeneration following the internal destruction of a zooid by predation, many zooids in our specimens have an intramurally budded cystid, with a secondary sloping cryptocyst laid down inside and overlapping the first (with the two cystids delineated by a suture line between the cryptocysts and a gap between the respective smooth distal margins).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17B5C6662D5FE78FB91FDCC" blockId="23.[160,1156,141,548]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17B5C6662D5FE78FEE4FE72" author="Tilbrook KJ" box="[192,353,386,410]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" refId="ref65817" refString="Tilbrook KJ. 2006. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa of the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara: Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History." type="book" year="2006">Tilbrook (2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 25, pl. 2E) noted that the interzooidal avicularium in this species has the mandible directed proximolaterally, and illustrates this condition in a specimen from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3007644D17B5C6662DAFE3DFE09FE37" box="[207,396,455,479]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="23" pageNumber="164">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
. In our specimen, the long axis of the rostrum points laterally or, more often, slightly distolaterally, an orientation also figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17B5C66619FFE10FBA0FDEA" author="Harmer SF" box="[906,1061,490,514]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" pagination="13 - 34" refId="ref62291" refString="Harmer SF. 1926. The Polyzoa of the Siboga expedition, part 2, Cheilostomata Anasca (with additions to previous reports). Siboga Exped. 28 b: 183 - 501, Plates 13 - 34." type="book chapter" year="1926">Harmer (1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. XVI, fig. 3),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17B5C6662FAFDF6FDA4FDCC" author="Ryland JS & Hayward PJ" box="[239,545,524,548]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" pagination="223 - 301" refId="ref64820" refString="Ryland JS, Hayward PJ. 1992. Bryozoa from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Mem Queensland Mus. 32: 223 - 301." type="journal article" year="1992">Ryland and Hayward (1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 2(e)) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17B5C6660DCFDF6FCF7FDCC" author="Liu X & Yin X & Ma J" box="[713,882,524,548]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" refId="ref63599" refString="Liu X, Yin X, Ma J. 2001. Biology of marine-fouling bryozoans in the coastal waters of China. Beijing: Science Press." type="book" year="2001">Liu et al. (2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 18, fig. 5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17B5C6662B5FDAEFEA1FD86" blockId="23.[160,1156,596,795]" box="[160,292,596,622]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<heading id="D0E081B8D17B5C6662B5FDAEFEA1FD86" box="[160,292,596,622]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17B5C6662B5FDAEFEA1FD86" bold="true" box="[160,292,596,622]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" reason="3">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA836D4D17B5C6662B5FD82FDC7FCF3" blockId="23.[160,1156,596,795]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164">
|
||
This species occurred at all three sites, but was most abundant at SES (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C695036FD17B5C666608FD82FBF3FD78" box="[1053,1142,632,656]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="7.[160,216,142,165]" captionText="Table 1. Relative abundance, local occurrence and status in Japan for rocky-intertidal cheilostome bryozoan species detected in west-central Okinawa, Japan." pageId="23" pageNumber="164">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C174D57D17B5C6662B5FD61FEFCFD5B" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[160,377,667,691]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cranosina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B963EAC6D17B5C6662B5FD61FEFCFD5B" box="[160,377,667,691]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="164">Cranosina coronata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is quite common in the Into-West Pacific (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17B5C66617CFD61FB82FD5B" author="Tilbrook KJ" box="[873,1031,667,691]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" refId="ref65817" refString="Tilbrook KJ. 2006. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa of the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara: Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History." type="book" year="2006">Tilbrook 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3007644D17B5C666629FD61FB05FD5B" box="[1084,1152,667,691]" name="Japan" pageId="23" pageNumber="164">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it has been previously reported from the Pleistocene Ryukyu Limestone, northern Nansei islands (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17B5C6662EAFD1AFE1BFD10" author="Kataoka J" box="[255,414,736,760]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" pagination="214 - 272" refId="ref63249" refString="Kataoka J. 1961. Bryozoa Fauna from the " Ryuku Limestone " of Kikai-jima, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Tohoku Univ Sci Rep Ser 2 (Geol). 32: 214 - 272, Plates 25 - 37." type="journal article" year="1961">Kataoka 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the Pliocene Shinzato tuff, Shimajiri Formation,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D3F836D17B5C666637FD1AFB06FD10" box="[1058,1155,736,760]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="23" pageNumber="164">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17B5C6662B3FCF9FEBEFCF3" author="Hayami T" box="[166,315,771,795]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" refId="ref62446" refString="Hayami T. 1971. Some neogene cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from Okinawa-jima. Trans P Palaeontol Soc Jpn N Ser. 79: 316 - 336, Plates 35, 36." type="journal volume" year="1971">Hayami 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF864B25D17B5C66635FFCF9FDB0FCF3" author="Sakagami S & Arakawa S & Hayami T" box="[330,565,771,795]" pageId="23" pageNumber="164" pagination="314 - 338" refId="ref64847" refString="Sakagami S, Arakawa S, Hayami T. 1980. Check list and bibliographty of Japanese Cenozoic fossil Ectoprocta (Bryozoa), 1935 - 1978. In: Anonymous, editor. Professor Saburo Kanno memorial volume. Tsukuba: Institute of Geosciences, University of Tsukuba; p. 314 - 338." type="book chapter" year="1980">Sakagami et al. 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |