281 lines
50 KiB
XML
281 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="042C30046B3912A60B6493F745E8F7BE" ID-CLB-Dataset="29201" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4472.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="df892163-6e24-4fd8-9ea7-156a33701b8a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1452626" ID-ZooBank="DF1A207A-4FE1-4025-93BC-A3A3458AF37E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539086687743" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Volynkin, Anton V. & Černý, Karel" docDate="2018" docId="D86C6B11FFB165674680FD96FB29FD10" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4472.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4472 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Nephelomilta Hampson 1900" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="404" masterDocId="24551369FFB365644617FFB2FF85FF95" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Nephelomilta Hampson, 1900, with descriptions of twelve new species and two new subspecies (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="451" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="403" updateTime="1698569712523" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A6D831626FA36F900B1DA07428C735D0">Revision of the genus Nephelomilta Hampson, 1900, with descriptions of twelve new species and two new subspecies (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1DF393D48EC84FAB9DCA7F584B5E9678">Volynkin, Anton V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="933AFDE8432418C203DAA5475F3D00EF">Černý, Karel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5025B3EB87C3C18EECC1D0BA09E18A5B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2790E2E5FFA19C5B170E95EF56873F91">
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<mods:date id="2BBBAF60A402B594F19D97CC7CBFEDA3">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C9983C9A79F8D87ED5C7FAF10DF06A16">4472</mods:number>
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<treatment id="D86C6B11FFB165674680FD96FB29FD10" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5963743" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148663153" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5963743" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D86C6B11FFB165674680FD96FB29FD10" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D86C6B11FFB165674680FD96FB29FD10" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="404" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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<subSubSection id="18DF898CFFB165664680FD96FDDFFDAB" box="[151,602,548,574]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="507ADA07FFB165664680FD96FDDFFDAB" blockId="2.[151,602,548,574]" box="[151,602,548,574]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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<heading id="0B326D6BFFB165664680FD96FDDFFDAB" bold="true" box="[151,602,548,574]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664680FD96FDDFFDAB" bold="true" box="[151,602,548,574]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB1656646F9FD96FDDFFDAB" authority="Hampson, 1900" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[238,602,548,574]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656646F9FD96FE14FDAB" bold="true" box="[238,401,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Nephelomilta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3454A7F6FFB16566478FFD96FDDFFDAB" box="[408,602,548,574]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refId="ref28782" refString="HAmpSON, G. F. (1900) CATALOgUe Of The ARCTIADAe (NOLINAe, LIThOSIANAe) IN The BRITISh MUSeUm. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590." type="journal article">Hampson, 1900</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="18DF898CFFB165664680FDD8FB29FD49" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="507ADA07FFB165664680FDD8FD5CFD0A" blockId="2.[151,1436,618,733]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664680FDD8FE4EFD15" authority="HAmpSON, 1900" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,459,618,640]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664680FDD8FEA5FD15" box="[151,288,618,640]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Nephelomilta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3454A7F6FFB165664730FDD8FE4EFD15" box="[295,459,618,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refId="ref28782" refString="HAmpSON, G. F. (1900) CATALOgUe Of The ARCTIADAe (NOLINAe, LIThOSIANAe) IN The BRITISh MUSeUm. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590." type="journal article">HAmpSON, 1900</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656647C1FDD8FBE0FD15" box="[470,1125,618,640]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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Catalogue of the
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB16566449DFDD8FCFCFD15" ID-CoL="LP" authority="Phalaenae" authorityName="Phalaenae" box="[650,889,618,640]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera Phalaenae</taxonomicName>
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in the British Museum
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB16566427AFDD8FBFFFDEA" bold="true" box="[1133,1146,618,639]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">2</emphasis>
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: 468. Type SpeCIeS:
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664359FDD8FE3DFD0A" ID-CoL="B7RHL" authority="HAmpSON, 1891" authorityName="HAmpSON" authorityYear="1891" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suffusa">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664359FDD8FE8AFD0A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Lyclene suffusa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3454A7F6FFB165664702FD3BFE3DFD0A" box="[277,440,649,671]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refId="ref28703" refString="HAmpSON, G. F. (1891) PART 8. The LepIDOpTeRA Of HeTeROCeRA Of The NILgIRI DISTRICT. Illustrations of typical specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the British Museum, 8, 1 - 144, pLS. 139 - 156." type="journal article">HAmpSON, 1891</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by The ORIgINAL DeSIgNATION.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="507ADA07FFB165664680FD1BFB29FD49" blockId="2.[151,1436,618,733]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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=
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB1656646B9FD1AFD8DFD2B" ID-CoL="B7BRJ" authority="N. SINgh & KIRTI, 2015" authorityName="N. Singh & Kirti" authorityYear="2015" box="[174,520,680,702]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Kailasha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="402" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656646B9FD1AFE8FFD2B" box="[174,266,680,702]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Kailasha</emphasis>
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N. SINgh & KIRTI, 2015
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664402FD1BFDACFD2B" box="[533,553,681,702]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">in</emphasis>
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KIRTI & SINgh,
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656644C6FD1AFC3FFD2B" box="[721,954,680,702]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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Arctiid Moths of
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<collectingCountry id="28D29A97FFB165664593FD1AFC3FFD2B" box="[900,954,680,702]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">India</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656645D4FD1AFC4AFD28" bold="true" box="[963,975,680,701]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">1</emphasis>
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: 79 (
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<typeStatus id="8F7E64A5FFB16566421FFD1AFBB9FD2B" box="[1032,1084,680,702]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Type</typeStatus>
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SpeCIeS:
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664289FD1AFEB3FD49" authority="Volynkin & Černý, 2018" authorityName="Volynkin & Černý" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sumatrana" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="effractoida">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664289FD1AFEB3FD49" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Nephelomilta sumatrana effractoida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7982BB6EFFB16566472BFD75FE12FD49" box="[316,407,711,732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" rank="subSpecies">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB16566472BFD75FE12FD49" bold="true" box="[316,407,711,732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB16566472BFD75FE16FD49" box="[316,403,711,732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="nov">ssp. nov</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB1656647A3FD7AFDDDFD49" ID-CoL="96395" box="[436,600,710,733]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Barsine" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="effracta">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656647A3FD7AFDDDFD49" box="[436,600,710,733]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Barsine effracta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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SeNSU KIRTI & SINgh (2015), NeC WALKeR (1854)),
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664258FD75FB29FD49" bold="true" box="[1103,1196,711,732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="18DF898CFFB165664680FCBBFE29FB8B" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="507ADA07FFB165664680FCBBFE29FB8B" blockId="2.[151,1437,777,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664680FCBBFEA2FCB7" bold="true" box="[151,295,777,802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Remarks. 1.</emphasis>
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Members of the recently described genus
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664516FCBBFCE2FCB7" authorityName="N. Singh & Kirti" authorityYear="2015" box="[769,871,777,802]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Kailasha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664516FCBBFCE2FCB7" box="[769,871,777,802]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Kailasha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differ from
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB1656645F8FCBBFB59FCB7" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1007,1244,777,802]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suffusa">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656645F8FCBBFB59FCB7" box="[1007,1244,777,802]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Nephelomilta suffusa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the
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<typeStatus id="8F7E64A5FFB165664303FCB8FAC1FCB7" box="[1300,1348,778,802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">type</typeStatus>
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species of
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB1656646A0FC9FFECBFCD3" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[183,334,813,838]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656646A0FC9FFECBFCD3" box="[183,334,813,838]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Nephelomilta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by their white forewing coloration with the red or reddish-yellow pattern (whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB16566433DFC9CFA1EFCD3" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1322,1435,814,838]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suffusa">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB16566433DFC9CFA1EFCD3" box="[1322,1435,814,838]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">N. suffusa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the forewing ground color is reddish and the pattern is fuscous) but the ground plans of the male and female genitalia structures of these two taxa have no difference of generic level. Therefore we synonymize here
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664320FCC7FA19FC1B" authorityName="N. Singh & Kirti" authorityYear="2015" box="[1335,1436,885,910]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Kailasha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664320FCC7FA19FC1B" box="[1335,1436,885,910]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Kailasha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB1656646D8FC2BFEE3FC27" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[207,358,921,946]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656646D8FC2BFEE3FC27" box="[207,358,921,946]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Nephelomilta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664763FC2BFE0CFC27" bold="true" box="[372,393,921,946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">2.</emphasis>
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As many species of the genus have a very similar external appearance and in many cases can be determined only by the genitalia structures, numerous records of ‘
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB1656645B1FC0CFBCBFC43" authorityName="Volynkin & Černý" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[934,1102,958,982]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="effracta">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656645B1FC0CFBCBFC43" box="[934,1102,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Cyana effracta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’ (e.g., Hampson 1894; 1900; Fang 2000, Kishida 1993; 1994; 2010; Dubatolov
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656644F0FC50FCA1FC6F" box="[743,804,993,1018]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">et al.</emphasis>
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2012, etc.) are doubtful and most probably belong to several different species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="18DF898CFFB1656646D0FB9BFB48F9CB" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="507ADA07FFB1656646D0FB9BFB48F9CB" blockId="2.[151,1437,777,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656646D0FB9BFEBFFBD7" bold="true" box="[199,314,1065,1090]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664451FB9BFD58FBD7" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[582,733,1065,1090]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664451FB9BFD58FBD7" box="[582,733,1065,1090]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Nephelomilta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="C8FEC682FFB1656644E7FB9BFCFCFBD7" box="[752,889,1065,1090]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–12" captionStart-1="FIGURES 13–24" captionStart-10="FIGURES 93–95" captionStart-11="FIGURES 96–98" captionStart-12="FIGURES 99–101" captionStart-13="FIGURES 102–104" captionStart-14="FIGURES 105–107" captionStart-15="FIGURES 108–110" captionStart-16="FIGURES 111–113" captionStart-17="FIGURES 114–116" captionStart-18="FIGURES 117–119" captionStart-19="FIGURES 120–122" captionStart-2="FIGURES 25–36" captionStart-20="FIGURES 123–125" captionStart-21="FIGURES 126–133" captionStart-22="FIGURES 134–141" captionStart-23="FIGURES 142–147" captionStart-3="FIGURES 37–49" captionStart-4="FIGURES 50–60" captionStart-5="FIGURES 61–70" captionStart-6="FIGURES 71–83" captionStart-7="FIGURES 84–86" captionStart-8="FIGURES 87–89" captionStart-9="FIGURES 90–92" captionStartId-0="26.[151,264,1844,1867]" captionStartId-1="27.[151,264,1849,1872]" captionStartId-10="36.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-11="37.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-12="38.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-13="39.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-14="40.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-15="41.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-16="42.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-17="43.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-18="44.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-19="45.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-2="28.[151,264,1838,1861]" captionStartId-20="46.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-21="47.[151,264,1889,1912]" captionStartId-22="48.[151,264,1891,1914]" captionStartId-23="49.[151,264,1915,1938]" captionStartId-3="29.[151,264,1854,1877]" captionStartId-4="30.[151,264,1854,1877]" captionStartId-5="31.[151,264,1870,1893]" captionStartId-6="32.[151,264,1828,1851]" captionStartId-7="33.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-8="34.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-9="35.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox-0="[193,1395,194,1821]" captionTargetBox-1="[190,1401,193,1832]" captionTargetBox-10="[156,1430,200,1926]" captionTargetBox-11="[159,1430,194,1929]" captionTargetBox-12="[177,1436,195,1927]" captionTargetBox-13="[187,1436,194,1928]" captionTargetBox-14="[173,1398,198,1932]" captionTargetBox-15="[161,1421,205,1925]" captionTargetBox-16="[158,1414,196,1928]" captionTargetBox-17="[189,1431,196,1922]" captionTargetBox-18="[177,1410,202,1928]" captionTargetBox-19="[165,1405,195,1926]" captionTargetBox-2="[194,1394,198,1824]" captionTargetBox-20="[174,1418,206,1927]" captionTargetBox-21="[176,1412,204,1776]" captionTargetBox-22="[190,1412,193,1864]" captionTargetBox-23="[195,1387,197,1842]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1399,194,1832]" captionTargetBox-4="[189,1395,193,1833]" captionTargetBox-5="[205,1397,195,1847]" captionTargetBox-6="[202,1394,194,1811]" captionTargetBox-7="[164,1432,206,1923]" captionTargetBox-8="[189,1372,198,1927]" captionTargetBox-9="[172,1426,197,1931]" captionTargetId-0="figure@26.[191,1396,193,1823]" captionTargetId-1="figure@27.[189,1401,193,1834]" captionTargetId-10="figure@36.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-11="figure@37.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-12="figure@38.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-13="figure@39.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-14="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-15="figure@41.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-16="figure@42.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-17="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-18="figure@44.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-19="figure@45.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-2="figure@28.[190,1395,196,1826]" captionTargetId-20="figure@46.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-21="figure@47.[174,1414,193,1870]" captionTargetId-22="figure@48.[173,1413,193,1870]" captionTargetId-23="figure@49.[161,1425,193,1903]" captionTargetId-3="figure@29.[187,1399,193,1834]" captionTargetId-4="figure@30.[187,1399,193,1834]" captionTargetId-5="figure@31.[181,1405,193,1849]" captionTargetId-6="figure@32.[198,1395,193,1813]" captionTargetId-7="figure@33.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-8="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetId-9="figure@35.[151,1436,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId-0="26" captionTargetPageId-1="27" captionTargetPageId-10="36" captionTargetPageId-11="37" captionTargetPageId-12="38" captionTargetPageId-13="39" captionTargetPageId-14="40" captionTargetPageId-15="41" captionTargetPageId-16="42" captionTargetPageId-17="43" captionTargetPageId-18="44" captionTargetPageId-19="45" captionTargetPageId-2="28" captionTargetPageId-20="46" captionTargetPageId-21="47" captionTargetPageId-22="48" captionTargetPageId-23="49" captionTargetPageId-3="29" captionTargetPageId-4="30" captionTargetPageId-5="31" captionTargetPageId-6="32" captionTargetPageId-7="33" captionTargetPageId-8="34" captionTargetPageId-9="35" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–12. Nephelomilta Spp.: ADULTS. 1, N. suffusa, holotype ♀, S India (©NHMUK); 2, N. suffusa, hOLOType ♂ Of fuscobarsine, S INDIA (PUDZES, phOTO by N. SINgh); 3, N. suffusa, ♂, S India (©NHMUK); 4, N. suffusa, ♀, S INDIA (©NHMUK); 5, N. taprobana, holotype ♂, Sri Lanka (©NHMUK); 6, N. sumatrana sumatrana, LeCTOType ♂, SUmATRA (ZMA, phOTO by R. De VOS); 7, N. s. sumatrana, ♂, Sumatra (CKC); 8, N. s. sumatrana, ♀, Sumatra (CKC); 9, N. s. sumatrana, ♂, MALAy PeNINSULA (MWM/ZSM); 10, N. s. sumatrana, ♀, Malay Peninsula (MWM/ZSM); 11, N. s. sumatrana, ♂, BORNeO (CKC); 12, N. s. sumatrana, ♀, BORNeO (CKC)." captionText-1="FIGURES 13–24. Nephelomilta Spp.: ADULTS. 13, N. sumatrana effractoida, holotype ♂, NE India (©NHMUK); 14, N. s. effractoida, paratype ♂, NE India (CKC); 15, N. s. effractoida, paratype ♂, SW Thailand (CKC); 16, N. s. effractoida, pARAType ♀, SW Thailand (CKC); 17, N. admiranda, holotype ♂, NE India (MWM/ZSM); 18, N. admiranda, pARAType ♂, NE INDIA (MWM/ZSM); 19, N. gulmargensis, ♂, W Myanmar (ZMB); 20, N. gulmargensis, ♂, Nepal (MWM/ZSM); 21, N. gulmargensis, ♂, NE India (MWM/ZSM); 22, N. gulmargensis, ♀, Nepal (MWM/ZSM); 23, N. kanchenjunga, hOLOType ♂, NE INDIA (MWM/ZSM); 24, N. kanchenjunga, pARAType ♂, NE INDIA (MWM/ZSM)." captionText-10="FIGURES 93–95. Nephelomilta Spp.: mALe geNITALIA. 93, N. gulmargensis, NepAL, SLIDe MWM 31661 VOLyNKIN; 94, N. kanchenjunga, hOLOType, NE INDIA, SLIDe MWM 31642 VOLyNKIN; 95, N. wolfgangspeideli, hOLOType, S VIeTNAm, SLIDe AV2343 VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK)." captionText-11="FIGURES 96–98. Nephelomilta Spp.: mALe geNITALIA. 96, N. effracta, NepAL, SLIDe MWM 31660 VOLyNKIN; 97, N. effracta, NE INDIA, SLIDe MWM 34450 VOLyNKIN; 98, N. pseudoeffracta, NE INDIA, SLIDe BMNH(E) ARCT-6544 VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK)." captionText-12="FIGURES 99–101. Nephelomilta Spp.: mALe geNITALIA. 99, N. pseudoeffracta, NE INDIA, SLIDe BMNH(E) ARCT-6543 VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK); 100, N. klapperichi, hOLOType, ChINA, FUjIAN, SLIDe AV1908 VOLyNKIN; 101, N. klapperichi, W ThAILAND, SLIDe AV2844 VOLyNKIN." captionText-13="FIGURES 102–104. Nephelomilta Spp.: mALe geNITALIA. 102, N. ranau, hOLOType, SUmATRA, SLIDe AV4151 VOLyNKIN; 103, N. ranau, pARAType, SUmATRA, SLIDe AV4147 VOLyNKIN; 104, N. pellucida, JAvA, SLIDe AV2902 VOLyNKIN." captionText-14="FIGURES 105–107. Nephelomilta Spp.: mALe geNITALIA. 105, N. bana, C VIeTNAm, SLIDe AV1620 VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK); 106, N. martini, hOLOType, N VIeTNAm, SLIDe BMNH(E) ARCT-6546 VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK); 107, N. thomaswitti, hOLOType, NE INDIA, SLIDe MWM 31654 VOLyNKIN." captionText-15="FIGURES 108–110. Nephelomilta Spp.: mALe geNITALIA. 108, N. thomaswitti, pARAType, E NepAL, SLIDe MWM 31663 VOLyNKIN; 109, N. babensis, hOLOType, N VIeTNAm (AfTeR BAyARSAIKhAN et al. 2017); 110, N. karenkonis, TAIwAN, SLIDe MWM 31637 VOLyNKIN." captionText-16="FIGURES 111–113. Nephelomilta Spp.: mALe geNITALIA. 111, N. fangae, hOLOType, ChINA, HAINAN, SLIDe MWM 31679 VOLyNKIN; 112, N. angkorensis, CAmbODIA, SLIDe MWM 31639 VOLyNKIN; 113, N. pusilla, TAIwAN, SLIDe MWM 31635 VOLyNKIN." captionText-17="FIGURES 114–116. Nephelomilta hortensis SSpp.: mALe geNITALIA. 114, N. h. hortensis, hOLOType, N ThAILAND, SLIDe AV2850 VOLyNKIN; 115, N. h. fansipana, hOLOType, N VIeTNAm, SLIDe MWM 31668 VOLyNKIN; 116, N. h. fansipana, pARAType, N VIeTNAm, SLIDe MWM 31667 VOLyNKIN." captionText-18="FIGURES 117–119. Nephelomilta melli: mALe geNITALIA. 117, hOLOType, ChINA, JIANgxI/FUjIAN bORDeR, SLIDe MWM 31677 VOLyNKIN; 118, pARAType, ChINA, JIANgxI/FUjIAN bORDeR, SLIDe MWM 31677 VOLyNKIN; 119, pARAType, ChINA, [ANhUI, QUIANShAN MTS.], SLIDe AV4231 VOLyNKIN." captionText-19="FIGURES 120–122. Nephelomilta chalcedona: mALe geNITALIA. 120, pARAType, SW ThAILAND, SLIDe AV4140 VOLyNKIN; 121, W ThAILAND, SLIDe AV4141 VOLyNKIN; 122, CeNTRAL LAOS, SLIDe AV4143 VOLyNKIN." captionText-2="FIGURES 25–36. Nephelomilta Spp.: ADULTS. 25, N. effracta, ♂, Nepal (MWM/ZSM); 26, N. effracta, ♀, Nepal (MWM/ZSM); 27, N. effracta, ♂, NE India (©NHMUK); 28, N. effracta, holotype ♀, Nepal (©NHMUK); 29, N. wolfgangspeideli, hOLOType ♂, S Vietnam (©NHMUK); 30, N. pseudoeffracta, ♂, NE India (©NHMUK); 31, N. pseudoeffracta, ♀, NE India (©NHMUK); 32, N. pseudoeffracta, holotype ♀, NE India (PUDZES, photo by N. Singh); 33, N. pseudoeffracta, ♀, NE India (©NHMUK); 34, N. klapperichi, holotype ♂, China, Fujiang (ZFMK); 35, N. klapperichi, ♂, SE Laos (MWM/ZSM); 36, N. klapperichi, ♂, N ThAILAND (CKC)." captionText-20="FIGURES 123–125. Nephelomilta Spp.: mALe geNITALIA. 123, N. ferruginea, hOLOType, SUmATRA, SLIDe AV2549 VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK); 124, N. ferruginea, pARAType, SUmATRA, SLIDe AV4142 VOLyNKIN; 125, N. diehli, hOLOType, SUmATRA, SLIDe AV2663 VOLyNKIN." captionText-21="FIGURES 126–133. Nephelomilta Spp.: femALe geNITALIA. 126, N. suffusa, S INDIA, SLIDe BMNH(E) ARCT-6558 VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK); 127, N. sumatrana sumatrana, SUmATRA, SLIDe AV4154 VOLyNKIN; 128, N. s. sumatrana, MALAy PeNINSULA, SLIDe MWM 31645 VOLyNKIN; 129, N. s. effractoida, pARAType, NE INDIA, SLIDe ZSM ARCT. 36/2017 VOLyNKIN; 130, N. s. effractoida, pARAType, SW ThAILAND, SLIDe AV2848 VOLyNKIN; 131, N. gulmargensis, NE INDIA, SLIDe ZSM ARCT. 34/2017 VOLyNKIN; 132, N. effracta, NepAL, SLIDe MWM 31656 VOLyNKIN; 133, N. pseudoeffracta, NE INDIA, SLIDe VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK)." captionText-22="FIGURES 134–141. Nephelomilta Spp.: femALe geNITALIA. 134, N. klapperichi, S MyANmAR, SLIDe VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK); 135, N. ranau, pARAType, SUmATRA, SLIDe AV4152 VOLyNKIN; 136, N. pellucida, JAvA, SLIDe AV2903 VOLyNKIN; 137, N. martini, pARAType, N VIeTNAm, SLIDe BMNH(E) ARCT-6547 VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK); 138, N. thomaswitti, pARAType, NepAL, SLIDe MWM 31664 VOLyNKIN; 139, N. babensis, C LAOS, SLIDe MWM 33708 VOLyNKIN; 140, N. karenkonis, TAIwAN, SLIDe MWM 31638 VOLyNKIN; 141, N. fangae, pARAType, ChINA, HAINAN, SLIDe MWM 31682 VOLyNKIN." captionText-23="FIGURES 142–147. Nephelomilta Spp.: femALe geNITALIA. 142, N. angkorensis, CAmbODIA, SLIDe MWM 31640 VOLyNKIN; 143, N. pusilla, TAIwAN, SLIDe MWM 31636 VOLyNKIN; 144, N. hortensis hortensis, pARAType, N ThAILAND, SLIDe AV2855 VOLyNKIN; 145, N. hortensis fansipana, pARAType, N VIeTNAm, SLIDe ZSM ARCT. 38/2017 VOLyNKIN; 146, N. chalcedona, W ThAILAND, SLIDe AV4139 VOLyNKIN; 147, N. ferruginea, pARAType, SUmATRA, SLIDe AV2550 VOLyNKIN." captionText-3="FIGURES 37–49. Nephelomilta Spp.: ADULTS. 37, N. klapperichi, ♂, W Thailand (CKC); 38, N. klapperichi, ♂, S MyANmAR (©NHMUK); 39, N. klapperichi, ♀, S Myanmar (©NHMUK); 40, N. ranau, holotype ♂, Sumatra (MWM/ZSM); 41, N. ranau, paratype ♀, Sumatra (CKC); 42, N. ranau, paratype ♀, Sumatra (CKC); 43, N. pellucida, lectotype ♂, Java (©NHMUK); 44, N. pellucida, ♂, Java (ZMB); 45, N. pellucida, ♀, Java (ZMB); 46, N. bana, holotype ♂, C Vietnam (©NHMUK); 47, N. bana, paratype ♂, C Vietnam (CAV); 48, N. martini, holotype ♂, N Vietnam (©NHMUK); 49, N. martini, pARAType ♀, N VIeTNAm (©NHMUK)." captionText-4="FIGURES 50–60. Nephelomilta Spp.: ADULTS. 50, N. thomaswitti, holotype ♂, NE India (MWM/ZSM); 51, N. thomaswitti, paratype ♂, E Nepal (MWM/ZSM); 52, N. thomaswitti, paratype ♀, E Nepal (MWM/ZSM); 53, N. babensis, ♀, SE LAOS (MWM/ZSM); 54, N. babensis, hOLOType ♂, N VIeTNAm (AfTeR BAyARSAIKhAN et al. 2017); 55, N. babensis, pARAType ♀, N VIeTNAm (AfTeR BAyARSAIKhAN et al. 2017); 56, N. karenkonis, holotype ♂, Taiwan (EIHU, photo by Y.-L. Chen); 57, N. karenkonis, ♂, Taiwan (MWM/ZSM); 58, N. karenkonis, ♀, Taiwan (MWM/ZSM); 59, N. fangae, hOLOType ♂, ChINA, HAINAN (MWM/ZSM); 60, N. fangae, pARAType ♂, ChINA, HAINAN (MWM/ZSM)." captionText-5="FIGURES 61–70. Nephelomilta Spp.: ADULTS. 61, N. angkorensis, ♂, Cambodia (MWM/ZSM); 62, N. angkorensis, ♀, CAmbODIA (MWM/ZSM); 63, N. angkorensis, ♂, S Vietnam (MWM/ZSM); 64, N. angkorensis, ♂, S Vietnam (MWM/ZSM); 65, N. pusilla, lectotype ♂, Taiwan (©NHMUK); 66, N. pusilla, ♂, Taiwan (©NHMUK); 67, N. pusilla, ♂, TAIwAN (MWM/ ZSM); 68, N. pusilla, ♀, Taiwan (MWM/ZSM); 69, N. hortensis hortensis, holotype ♂, N Thailand (MWM/ZSM); 70, N. hortensis hortensis, pARAType ♂, N ThAILAND (MWM/ZSM)." captionText-6="FIGURES 71–83. Nephelomilta Spp.: ADULTS. 71, N. hortensis hortensis, paratype ♀, N Thailand (CKC); 72, N. hortensis fansipana, holotype ♂, N Vietnam (MWM/ZSM); 73, N. h. fansipana, paratype ♂, N Vietnam (MWM/ZSM); 74, N. h. fansipana, paratype ♀, N Vietnam (MWM/ZSM); 75, N. melli, holotype ♂, China, Jiangxi/Fujian border (MWM/ZSM); 76, N. melli, paratype ♂, China, Jiangxi/Fujian border (MWM/ZSM); 77, N. melli, pARAType ♂, ChINA, [ANhUI, QUIANShAN MTS.] (ZMB); 78, N. chalcedona, holotype ♂, SW Thailand (©NHMUK); 79, N. chalcedona, paratype ♀, W Thailand (CKC); 80, N. ferruginea, holotype ♂, Sumatra (©NHMUK); 81, N. ferruginea, paratype ♀, Sumatra (CKC); 82, N. diehli, hOLOType ♂, SUmATRA (MWM/ZSM); 83, N. diehli, pARAType ♂, SUmATRA (CKC)." captionText-7="FIGURES 84–86. Nephelomilta Spp.: mALe geNITALIA. 84, N. suffusa, S INDIA, SLIDe BMNH(E) ARCT-6557 VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK); 85, N. taprobana, hOLOType, SRI LANKA, SLIDe BMNH(E) ARCT-6582 VOLyNKIN (©NHMUK); 86, N. sumatrana sumatrana, SUmATRA, SLIDe AV2345♂ VOLyNKIN." captionText-8="FIGURES 87–89. Nephelomilta sumatrana SSpp.: mALe geNITALIA. 87, N. s. sumatrana, MALAy PeNINSULA, SLIDe MWM 31643 VOLyNKIN; 88, N. s. sumatrana, BORNeO, SLIDe AV4135 VOLyNKIN; 89, N. s. effractoida, hOLOType, NE INDIA, SLIDe AV2347 VOLyNKIN." captionText-9="FIGURES 90–92. Nephelomilta Spp.: mALe geNITALIA. 90, N. s. effractoida, pARAType, SW ThAILAND, SLIDe AV2847 VOLyNKIN; 91, N. admiranda, hOLOType, NE INDIA, SLIDe MWM 31652 VOLyNKIN; 92, N. admiranda, pARAType, NE INDIA, SLIDe MWM 31736 VOLyNKIN." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1452628/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1452630/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/1452648/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/1452650/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/1452652/files/figure.png" httpUri-13="https://zenodo.org/record/1452654/files/figure.png" httpUri-14="https://zenodo.org/record/1452656/files/figure.png" httpUri-15="https://zenodo.org/record/1452658/files/figure.png" httpUri-16="https://zenodo.org/record/1452660/files/figure.png" httpUri-17="https://zenodo.org/record/1452662/files/figure.png" httpUri-18="https://zenodo.org/record/1452664/files/figure.png" httpUri-19="https://zenodo.org/record/1452666/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1452632/files/figure.png" httpUri-20="https://zenodo.org/record/1452668/files/figure.png" httpUri-21="https://zenodo.org/record/1452670/files/figure.png" httpUri-22="https://zenodo.org/record/1452672/files/figure.png" httpUri-23="https://zenodo.org/record/1452674/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/1452634/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/1452636/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/1452638/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/1452640/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/1452642/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/1452644/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/1452646/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Figs. 1–147</figureCitation>
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) long time were treated as members of
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664344FB98FA19FBD4" authorityName=", de Vos" authorityYear="2017" box="[1363,1436,1066,1089]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664344FB98FA19FBD4" box="[1363,1436,1066,1089]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Cyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C8FEC682FFB165664688FBFFFEC7FBF3" box="[159,322,1101,1126]" captionStart="FIGURES 148–151" captionStartId="50.[151,264,1630,1653]" captionTargetBox="[162,1432,199,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@50.[151,1436,193,1609]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURES 148–151. Cyana detrita, The Type-SpeCIeS Of Cyana. 148, adult ♂, Nepal (MWM/ZSM); 149, adult ♀, N India, Uttar PRADeSh (MWM/ZSM); 150, mALe geNITALIA, N INDIA, PUNjAb, SLIDe AV2077 VOLyNKIN; 151, femALe geNITALIA, N INDIA, UTTAR PRADeSh, SLIDe AV2078 VOLyNKIN." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1452676/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Figs. 148–151</figureCitation>
|
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) due to the presence of the costal androconial lobe on the forewing underside of males, the similar whitish forewing ground color with the reddish pattern, the presence of the medial costal angle and the heavily sclerotized ventral costal plate in the medial part of the valve, which has the ampulla apically (such ampulla is absent or more or less developed in different species-groups of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB16566454EFB08FC27FB44" authorityName=", de Vos" authorityYear="2017" box="[857,930,1210,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB16566454EFB08FC27FB44" box="[857,930,1210,1233]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Cyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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). Nevertheless, the genitalia of
|
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<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664312FB0BFA19FB47" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[1285,1436,1209,1234]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664312FB0BFA19FB47" box="[1285,1436,1209,1234]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Nephelomilta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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have the following apomorphic features distinguishing them from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664233FB6CFBE8FB60" authorityName=", de Vos" authorityYear="2017" box="[1060,1133,1246,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664233FB6CFBE8FB60" box="[1060,1133,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Cyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (1) the costa is heavily sclerotized, long, reaches the valva apex, often with one or two lobes or processes apically (whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB16566433EFAB0FAF6FA8C" authorityName=", de Vos" authorityYear="2017" box="[1321,1395,1282,1305]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB16566433EFAB0FAF6FA8C" box="[1321,1395,1282,1305]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Cyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the costa is weakly sclerotized, short, without processes apically, and the valva apex is membranous); (2) the distal section of the sacculus is fused with the main part of the valve, only a short subapical process is present in many cases (whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664770FADCFE34FA10" authorityName=", de Vos" authorityYear="2017" box="[359,433,1390,1413]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664770FADCFE34FA10" box="[359,433,1390,1413]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Cyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the sacculus with a long, robust distal process well separated from the main part of the valve); (3) in the female genitalia there are two separated, sack-like pheromone glands situated ventrally-laterally (whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664734FA04FEE9FA58" authorityName=", de Vos" authorityYear="2017" box="[291,364,1462,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664734FA04FEE9FA58" box="[291,364,1462,1485]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Cyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the pheromone glands are unpaired, have two anterior lobes, situated ventrally, like in taxa of the ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB1656646D9FA68FE94FA64" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[206,273,1498,1521]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Asura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656646D9FA68FE94FA64" box="[206,273,1498,1521]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Asura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664738FA6BFE3FFA67" box="[303,442,1497,1522]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Miltochrista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664738FA6BFE3FFA67" box="[303,442,1497,1522]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Miltochrista</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
generic complex’). In addition, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB16566454BFA6BFC76FA67" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[860,1011,1497,1522]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB16566454BFA6BFC76FA67" box="[860,1011,1497,1522]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Nephelomilta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the female genitalia have the large clusters of numerous robust spines (while in the most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB1656644ECFA4CFCC0F980" authorityName=", de Vos" authorityYear="2017" box="[763,837,1534,1557]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656644ECFA4CFCC0F980" box="[763,837,1534,1557]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Cyana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there are only signa or sclerotized plates or bands of different size and shape; only some African species have narrow bands or small clusters of spines). According to the male and female genitalia structure, the genus is subdivided here into eleven species-groups.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="18DF898CFFB1656746D0F9DBFCFCFD8D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="404" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="507ADA07FFB1656746D0F9DBFCFCFD8D" blockId="2.[151,1437,777,2026]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,645]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="404" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656646D0F9DBFE56F917" bold="true" box="[199,467,1641,1666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Redescription. Adults.</emphasis>
|
||
Male forewing with modified venation and androconial pocket on underside at costa. Forewing coloration mostly whitish with red pattern, in some groups brownish red, ochreous brown, yellow or rusty- or reddish-brown with fuscous pattern. Forewing pattern consists of subbasal, antemedial, medial, postmedial and terminal lines, three large spots in subterminal area, and medial and discal spot (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C8FEC682FFB1656642F3F967FAAFF97B" box="[1252,1322,1749,1774]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–12" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1844,1867]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,194,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[191,1396,193,1823]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 1–12. Nephelomilta Spp.: ADULTS. 1, N. suffusa, holotype ♀, S India (©NHMUK); 2, N. suffusa, hOLOType ♂ Of fuscobarsine, S INDIA (PUDZES, phOTO by N. SINgh); 3, N. suffusa, ♂, S India (©NHMUK); 4, N. suffusa, ♀, S INDIA (©NHMUK); 5, N. taprobana, holotype ♂, Sri Lanka (©NHMUK); 6, N. sumatrana sumatrana, LeCTOType ♂, SUmATRA (ZMA, phOTO by R. De VOS); 7, N. s. sumatrana, ♂, Sumatra (CKC); 8, N. s. sumatrana, ♀, Sumatra (CKC); 9, N. s. sumatrana, ♂, MALAy PeNINSULA (MWM/ZSM); 10, N. s. sumatrana, ♀, Malay Peninsula (MWM/ZSM); 11, N. s. sumatrana, ♂, BORNeO (CKC); 12, N. s. sumatrana, ♀, BORNeO (CKC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1452628/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some groups, pattern modified to broad shadows, which may be connected.
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB1656645D1F94BFBFEF887" bold="true" box="[966,1147,1785,1810]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Uncus long and slender, almost straight or slightly S-like curved, with claw-shaped tip; tegumen medium-long and broad; juxta broad, Xshaped, with narrow and short apical lobes; vinculum short, U-shaped. Valve basally narrowed; costa moderately sclerotized, its medial angle more or less developed; distal section of costa with more or less developed apical lobe and trigonal ventral-apical process directed ventrally; ventral plate of costa weakly sclerotized and broad, trigonal; ampulla present, from short and trigonal to very long, lobe-like; sacculus often with subapical process, its apical section reaches the costa (except the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB165664454F860FC86F87F" authorityName="Volynkin & Černý" authorityYear="2018" box="[579,771,2001,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kanchenjunga">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB165664454F860FC86F87F" box="[579,771,2001,2026]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">N. kanchenjunga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group); distal membranous lobe of valve present, sometimes not developed. Aedeagus short, moderately broad; carinal plate heavily sclerotized and armed with one or several dens or weakly sclerotized, band-like (the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB0656744E4FF0FFC08FF41" baseAuthorityName="van Eecke" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[755,909,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB0656744E4FF0FFC08FF41" box="[755,909,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">N. sumatrana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group); subbasal diverticulum usually well-developed, globular; medial diverticulum elongated, often with cluster of small cornuti apically; distal diverticulum broad, globular, with a cluster of very small, trigonal cornuti.
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB0656745E3FEB6FB44FE88" bold="true" box="[1012,1217,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Pheromone glands large, sack-like, situated latero-ventrally (small in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB06567451AFE9BFC04FED5" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[781,897,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suffusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB06567451AFE9BFC04FED5" box="[781,897,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">N. suffusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB0656745A9FE9BFBDEFED5" baseAuthorityName="van Eecke" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[958,1115,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB0656745A9FE9BFBDEFED5" box="[958,1115,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">N. sumatrana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-groups); apophyses thin; antevaginal plate often present (absent in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB0656744F2FEFFFCDCFEF1" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[741,857,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suffusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB0656744F2FEFFFCDCFEF1" box="[741,857,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">N. suffusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB065674582FEFFFBB4FEF1" baseAuthorityName="van Eecke" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[917,1073,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB065674582FEFFFBB4FEF1" box="[917,1073,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">N. sumatrana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-groups); ostium bursae broad; ductus bursae elongated, dorso-ventrally flattened, membranous (in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB065674254FEC3FB3FFE1D" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1091,1210,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suffusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB065674254FEC3FB3FFE1D" box="[1091,1210,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">N. suffusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB0656742EAFEC3FA19FE1D" baseAuthorityName="van Eecke" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[1277,1436,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB0656742EAFEC3FA19FE1D" box="[1277,1436,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">N. sumatrana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-groups) or evenly sclerotized; antrum funnel-like (in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5A184FFB065674597FE27FB9EFE39" baseAuthorityName="van Eecke" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[896,1051,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Nephelomilta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB065674597FE27FB9EFE39" box="[896,1051,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">N. sumatrana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group) or absent. Corpus bursae pear-like, its medial section with clusters of short but robust spinules; anterior section membranous, with elliptical signum covered with small dens, bisected by line-like concavity and surrounded by weak granulation; appendix bursae globular, membranous, situated postero-laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="18DF898CFFB0656746D0FD96FB29FD10" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="507ADA07FFB0656746D0FD96FB34FDF5" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">
|
||
<emphasis id="62B10615FFB0656746D0FD96FEE5FDA8" bold="true" box="[199,352,548,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus is widely distributed in Hindostan,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="28D29A97FFB065674560FD96FC6CFDA8" box="[887,1001,548,573]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="920114E5FFB065674560FD96FC1DFDA8" box="[887,920,548,573]" country="United Kingdom" name="Surrey" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">Sri</collectingRegion>
|
||
Lanka
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Himalaya, southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="28D29A97FFB0656742CDFD96FAA5FDA8" box="[1242,1312,548,573]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Indochina and Sundaland. No members of the genus are known from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="28D29A97FFB065674543FDF5FC57FDF5" box="[852,978,583,608]" name="Philippines" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
including
|
||
<collectingRegion id="920114E5FFB06567425DFDF5FB29FDF5" box="[1098,1196,583,608]" country="Philippines" name="Palawan" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">Palawan</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="507ADA07FFB0656746D0FDDEFB29FD10" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,645]" box="[199,1196,620,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">Below we present a check-list of the genus, accompanied by data on species distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |