500 lines
61 KiB
XML
500 lines
61 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1150-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" ID-ZooBank="A38C5FB69F664F858788AAA53D21704D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1150-1" checkinTime="1677664009133" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C." docDate="2023" docId="C595A45DE0575FCC95F401F19B9633FE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1150: 1-189" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1150" docPubDate="2023-02-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" docTitle="Karaops martamarta Crews & Harvey 2011" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" masterDocTitle="But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1677664009133" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9360-6236</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>California Academy of Sciences, Department of Entomology, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">screwsemail@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1150</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>189</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1150-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A38C5FB69F664F858788AAA53D21704D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C595A45DE0575FCC95F401F19B9633FE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C595A45DE0575FCC95F401F19B9633FE" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3R2MJ" LSID="C595A45D-E057-5FCC-95F4-01F19B9633FE" authority="Crews & Harvey, 2011" authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops martamarta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martamarta">Karaops martamarta Crews & Harvey, 2011</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 49. Karaops martamarta of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A female holotype, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T 97482) B adult male (WAM T 79413) C female holotype, epigyne, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T 97482) D same, endogyne E epigyne, 19.8 km W Mt. Berry (WAM T 94997) F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (C-F); 1 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 49A-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 50. Members of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A Karaops martamarta, adult male, 8 km NW of Mt. Berry (WAM T 79413) B habitat of Karaops martamarta, Robe Valley C Karaops martamarta, palp ventral, vic. Mt. Berry (WAM T 79411) D same, retrolateral E Karaops sp., Mundee, Mt. Augustus National Park (photo: J. DeJong) F Karaops julianneae, adult female, Lorna Glen Station (WAM T 107714). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (C, D); 1 mm (A); 2 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 50A-D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Map 1. Map of Australia showing areas that are expanded in subsequent figures. CD = Central Desert group, D = Karaops dawara group, F = Karaops francesae group, K = Kimberley group, UA = species that are not assigned to a group, PG = Pilbara-Gascoyne group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Maps 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 9" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Map 9. Species of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group A diamonds (juveniles): blue = Erawandoo Hill, orange = Mt. Augustus, red = Nammuldi, yellow = Hillside-Corunna-Glenn Herring, black = Marble Bar-Glacier Valley, pink = Orebody 19, 31, teal = Wheelara North, orange with thick outline = Harding Dam (maybe Karaops ngarluma, see text); Circles: dark blue = Karaops julianneae, dark green = Karaops badgeradda, red = Karaops joehaeneri sp. nov., teal = Karaops karrawarla, blue = Karaops durrantorum sp. nov., brown = Karaops burbidgei, green = Karaops martamarta, purple = Karaops nyangumarta, black = Karaops banyjima, yellow = Karaops morganoconnelli sp. nov., gray = Karaops nyiyaparli, red-brown = Karaops feedtime, bright pink = Karaops nyamal (probably, see text), white = Karaops kariyarra, bright green = Karaops yurlburr, orange = Karaops ngarluma, tan = Karaops jaburrara, peach = Karaops forteyi, teal = new species yet undescribed; small white diamonds are unidentifiable immatures for which no molecular data are available B boxed area expanded for clarity." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 9A, B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops martamarta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martamarta">Karaops martamarta</taxonomicName>
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Crews & Harvey, 2011: 56, figs 45-46, 93 (♀, examined);
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 469" refId="B11" refString="Crews, SC, 2013. Thirteen new species of the spider genus Karaops (Araneae: Selenopidae) from Western Australia. Zootaxa 3647 (3): 443 - 469, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" title="Thirteen new species of the spider genus Karaops (Araneae: Selenopidae) from Western Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" volume="3647" year="2013">Crews 2013</bibRefCitation>
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: 463, figs 29-30 (♂, examined).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="new records">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">New records.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Western Australia • 1 imm.; 42 km SSE of Pannawonica, site 1004-BUN01;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="16.03" value="-21.987787">21°59'16.03"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="119" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="39.52" value="119.12765">119°07'39.52"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 10 May 2012; col. staff from Phoenix Environmental leg.; foraging; (WAM T124900) • 1 imm.; 30-45 km S of Pannawonica, site 1004-Dragon;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="41.54" value="-21.928205">21°55'41.54"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.01" value="116.61167">116°36'42.01"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 6 Jul. 2012; no collector given; foraging; (WAM T124901) • 1♂; Mesa H, 12.5 km SW of Pannawonica;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="47.59" value="-21.71322">21°42'47.59"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.31" value="116.231476">116°13'53.31"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 5 May 2016; M. Love, J. Trainer leg.; railway culvert; hand collected; (WAM T141164) • 1♂; Mesa H, 19 km SW of Pannawonica;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="30.84" value="-21.775232">21°46'30.84"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="32.87" value="116.20913">116°12'32.87"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 7 Jun. 2016; C. Cole, N. Watson leg.; drainage/breakaway; leaf/soil sieving; (WAM T141165) • 1 imm.; Red Hill Station, ~ 10 km NE of homestead, Cochrane and Jewell bore site RNRC083;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="55.25" value="-21.932013">21°55'55.25"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.49" value="116.12847">116°07'42.49"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 13 May 2009; S. Crews leg.; (WAM T97474) • 1 imm.; Red Hill Station, ~ 8 km NE of homestead, Cochrane and Jewell bore site RNRC140;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.40" value="-21.936499">21°56'11.40"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="13.80" value="116.1205">116°07'13.80"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 13 May 2009; S. Crews leg.; (WAM T97475) • 1 imm.; Red Hill Station, ~ 20 km SE of homestead, Kens Bore site KBRC081;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="26.83" value="-22.057451">22°03'26.83"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="46.82" value="116.19634">116°11'46.82"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 13 May 2009; S. Crews leg.; (WAM T97476) • 1 imm.; Red Hill Station, ~ 22 km SE of homestead, Kens Bore site KBRC076;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="51.10" value="-22.080862">22°04'51.10"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.52" value="116.21487">116°12'53.52"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 13 May 2009; S. Crews leg.; (WAM T97477) • 1 imm.; Red Hill Station, ~ 27 km SE of homestead, Cardo Bore North, site CBRC099;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="25.51" value="-22.140419">22°08'25.51"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.22" value="116.230064">116°13'48.22"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 14 May 2009; S. Crews leg.; (WAM T97478) • 1 imm.; Red Hill Station, ~ 24 km SE of Cardo Outstation, Trinity Bore site TBRC031;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="26.89" value="-22.340803">22°20'26.89"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="20.28" value="116.33897">116°20'20.28"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 14 May 2009; S. Crews leg.; (WAM T97479) • 1 imm.; Red Hill Station, ~ 22 km SE of Cardo Outstation, Trinity Bore site TBRC119;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="19.09" value="-22.338636">22°20'19.09"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="22.42" value="116.32289">116°19'22.42"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 14 May 2009; S. Crews leg.; (WAM T97480) • 1 imm.; Red Hill Station, ~ 23 km SE of Cardo Outstation, Trinity Bore site TBRC151;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="15.66" value="-22.354351">22°21'15.66"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="33.42" value="116.32595">116°19'33.42"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 14 May 2009; S. Crews leg.; (WAM T97481) • 1♀; ~ 25 km SE of Cardo Outstation, Trinity Bore South site TBRC078;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.89" value="-22.39858">22°23'54.89"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="32.43" value="116.325676">116°19'32.43"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 14 May 2009; S. Crews leg.; (WAM T97482) • 1 imm.; ~ 23 km SE of Cardo Outstation, Trinity Bore South site TBRC062;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="02.35" value="-22.383986">22°23'02.35"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.65" value="116.30352">116°18'12.65"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 14 May 2009; S. Crews leg.; (WAM T97483) • 1 imm.; Red Hill Station, ~ 10 km NE of Cardo Outstation, Cardo Bore East site CBRC300;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.67" value="-22.199352">22°11'57.67"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.69" value="116.20019">116°12'00.69"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 15 May 2009; S. Crews leg.; (WAM T97485) • 1 imm.; Mesa G-Warramboo, 22.6 km WSW of Pannawonica;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="25" value="-21.740278">21°44'25"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="05" value="116.13472">116°08'05"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 25 Aug. 2009; M. Greenham leg.; (WAM T100066) • 1 imm.; Mesa G-Warramboo, 22.4 km WSW of Pannawonica;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-21.737501">21°44'15"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="49" value="116.13028">116°07'49"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 26 Aug. 2009; M. Greenham leg.; (WAM T100067) • 1 imm.; Mesa G-Warramboo, 22.6 km WSW of Pannawonica;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="25" value="-21.740278">21°44'25"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="05" value="116.13472">116°08'05"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 25 Aug. 2009; M. Greenham leg.; (WAM T100068) • 1 imm.; same as previous except T. Sachse leg.; (WAM T100069) • 1 imm.; same as previous except M. Greenham leg.; (WAM T100070) • 1 imm.; Nammuldi-Silvergrass, 584 km NW of Tom Price;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-22.399445">22°23'58"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="56" value="117.31556">117°18'56"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 15 Nov. 2009; M. Greenham leg.; (WAM T100075) • 1 imm.; ~ 8 km, 217° from Mt Delphine, site 999-D08;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="51.06" value="-22.28085">22°16'51.06"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.28" value="116.56674">116°34'00.28"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 28 Apr. 2012-20 Jun. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; wet pitfall trap; (WAM T124790) • 1 imm.; same as previous; (WAM T124791) • 1 imm.; ~ 24.5 km S of Mt. Delphine, site 999-D02;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.09" value="-22.445024">22°26'42.09"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="37.72" value="116.627144">116°37'37.72"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 19 Jun. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124796) • 1 imm.; ~ 18 km, 182° from Mt. Delphine, site 999-D04;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="03.07" value="-22.384186">22°23'03.07"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="30.67" value="116.60852">116°36'30.67"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 6 Jun. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124797) • 1 imm.; ~ 4 km, 299° from Mt. Farquhar, site 999-D12;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="07.18" value="-22.285328">22°17'07.18"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="07.57" value="116.735435">116°44'07.57"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 21 Jun. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124798) • 1 imm.; ~ 18 km SW of Pannawonica;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="20.73" value="-21.772425">21°46'20.73"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="15.24" value="116.20423">116°12'15.24"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 7 May 2012; D. Kamien, M. Greenham, D. Keirle leg.; foraging; (WAM T136475) • 1 imm.; ~ 13.3 km ENE of Mt. Farquhar, site 999-F5;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.50" value="-22.282917">22°16'58.50"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="32.76" value="116.89243">116°53'32.76"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 22 Jun. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124800) • 1 imm.; ~ 8 km, 120° from Mt. Delphine, site 999-D10;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="34.21" value="-22.259502">22°15'34.21"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="50.24" value="116.68062">116°40'50.24"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 21 Jun. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124801) • 1 imm.; 20 km WSW. of Mt. Brockman, site 999-E1;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.92" value="-22.519978">22°31'11.92"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="17.83" value="117.12162">117°07'17.83"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 24 Jun. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124802) • 1 imm.; 7.5 km WSW of Mt. Brockman, site 999-E9;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="53.47" value="-22.48152">22°28'53.47"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="18.22" value="117.23839">117°14'18.22"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 24 Jun. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124803) • 1 imm.; ~ 14 km, 169° from Mt. Delphine, site 999-D05;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="47.74" value="-22.346596">22°20'47.74"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="25.48" value="116.64041">116°38'25.48"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 28 Apr.-20 Jun. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; wet pitfall trap; (WAM T124804) • 1 imm.; ~ 18 km, 182° from Mt. Delphine, site 999-D04;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="03.07" value="-22.384186">22°23'03.07"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="30.67" value="116.60852">116°36'30.67"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 27 May 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124805) • 1 imm.; ~ 8 km, 217° from Mt. Delphine, site 999-D08;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="51.06" value="-22.28085">22°16'51.06"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.28" value="116.56674">116°34'00.28"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 28 Apr. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124806) • 1 imm.; 6.5 km WSW of Mt. Brockman, site 999-E7;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="31.05" value="-22.475292">22°28'31.05"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="34.95" value="117.243034">117°14'34.95"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 3 May 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124807) • 1 imm.; ~ 21 km, 167° from Mt. Farquhar, site 999-E5;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="53.67" value="-22.481575">22°28'53.67"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="38.79" value="116.810776">116°48'38.79"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 2 May 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124808) • 1 imm.; 7.5 km WSW of Mt. Brockman, site 999-E9;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="53.47" value="-22.48152">22°28'53.47"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="18.22" value="117.23839">117°14'18.22"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 3 May 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124809) • 1 imm.; 17 km WSW of Mt. Brockman, site 999-E3;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="03.03" value="-22.534174">22°32'03.03"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="37.90" value="117.16053">117°09'37.90"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 23 Jun. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124810) • 1 imm.; ~ 19 km, 188° from Mt. Delphine, site 999-D03;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="44.62" value="-22.395727">22°23'44.62"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="07.95" value="116.58554">116°35'07.95"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 19 Jun. 2012; P. Langlands leg.; foraging; (WAM T124814) • 1 imm.; 42 km SSE of Pannawonica, site 1004-BUN06;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="16.03" value="-21.987787">21°59'16.03"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="51.31" value="116.49758">116°29'51.31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 9 May 2012 leg.; foraging; (WAM T124903) • 1 imm.; Cane River Conservation Park, N end of Parry Range, site CR02;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="03.9" value="-22.11775">22°07'03.9"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="115" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="10.3" value="115.56953">115°34'10.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 21 Jun. 2011; J.M. Waldock leg.; by hand; under rock; (WAM T125619) • 1 imm.; ~ 6 km SE of Pannawonica;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="39.35" value="-21.66093">21°39'39.35"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="14.48" value="116.37069">116°22'14.48"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 10 Sep. 2012; S. White leg.; vert trap; leaf litter; (WAM T126894) • 1 imm.; ~ 100 km W of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="44.25" value="-22.56229">22°33'44.25"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="13.04" value="116.72029">116°43'13.04"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 21 Apr. 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; (WAM T128012) • same as previous; footslope, gully base; (WAM T128013) • 1 imm.; ~ 100 km W of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="17.40" value="-22.538166">22°32'17.40"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="11.71" value="116.86992">116°52'11.71"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 19 Apr. 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; (WAM T128014) • 1 imm.; ~ 100 km W of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="33.18" value="-22.525883">22°31'33.18"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="02.55" value="116.80071">116°48'02.55"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 19 Apr. 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; gorge sides and base; (WAM T128015) • same as previous (WAM T128016) • 1♀; ~ 100 km W of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.91" value="-22.378586">22°22'42.91"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="13.83" value="116.770515">116°46'13.83"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 18 Apr. 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; (WAM T128017) • 2 imm.; ~ 100 km W of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="20.37" value="-22.538992">22°32'20.37"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="29.91" value="116.724976">116°43'29.91"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 16 Apr. 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; (WAM T128018) • 1 imm.; ~ 100 km W of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="39.83" value="-22.594398">22°35'39.83"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="34.19" value="117.02617">117°01'34.19"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 16 Apr. 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; (WAM T128019) • same as previous; foraging; gully sides; (WAM T128020) • 1 imm.; ~ 100 km W of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="31.24" value="-22.70868">22°42'31.24"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.35" value="116.8501">116°51'00.35"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 17 Apr. 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; (WAM T128021) • 1 imm.; ~ 130 km WNW of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="26.37" value="-22.307323">22°18'26.37"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="20.37" value="116.805664">116°48'20.37"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 15 Apr. 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; (WAM T128022) • 1 imm.; ~ 90 km WNW of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="06.48" value="-22.485134">22°29'06.48"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.67" value="116.77853">116°46'42.67"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 15 Apr. 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; (WAM T128023) • 1 imm.; ~ 130 km WNW of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="29.14" value="-22.308094">22°18'29.14"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="02.09" value="116.433914">116°26'02.09"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 16 Apr. 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; (WAM T128024) • same as previous; footslope, gorge; (WAM T128025) • 1 imm.; ~ 90 km WNW of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="06.49" value="-22.485136">22°29'06.49"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.68" value="116.77853">116°46'42.68"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 15 Apr. 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; (WAM T128026) • 1 imm.; ~ 23 km SW of Pannawonica;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="46.99" value="-21.779718">21°46'46.99"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="46.00" value="116.14611">116°08'46.00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 15 May 2013; N. Dight leg.; foraging; (WAM T128055) • 1 imm.; ~ 100 km W of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="39.83" value="-22.594398">22°35'39.83"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="34.19" value="117.02617">117°01'34.19"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 30 May 2013; A. Leung leg.; foraging; (WAM T128148) • 1 imm.; ~ 100 km W of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="39.83" value="-22.594398">22°35'39.83"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="34.19" value="117.02617">117°01'34.19"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 16 Apr.-30 May 2013; A. Leung leg.; wet pit (eth. glyc); (WAM T128149) • same as previous; (WAM T128155) • same as previous; (WAM T128156) • same as previous; (WAM T128157) • same as previous; (WAM T128163) • same as previous; (WAM T128165) • 1 imm.; ~ 100 km W of Tom Price;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="55.59" value="-22.48211">22°28'55.59"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="10.13" value="116.519485">116°31'10.13"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 20 Apr. 2013-30 May 2013; A. Leung leg.; wet pitfall trap; (WAM T128173) • 1 imm.; ~ 22 km, S from Pannawonica;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="22.98" value="-21.839718">21°50'22.98"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.94" value="116.29498">116°17'41.94"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 12-19 May 2014; N. Dight leg.; foraging; (WAM T128899) • 1 imm.; ~ 22 km, S from Pannawonica;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="13.98" value="-21.837217">21°50'13.98"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="28.40" value="116.29122">116°17'28.40"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 12-19 May 2014; N. Dight leg.; wet pitfall (prop.); (WAM T128900) • 1 imm.; Red Hill Creek, 90.3 km S of Pannawonica;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="17" value="-22.454723">22°27'17"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="06" value="116.284996">116°17'06"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 24 May 2015; R. Teale, C. Cole leg.; under rocks; (WAM T137101) • 1 imm.; Red Hill Creek, 50.4 km S of Pannawonica;
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-22.093056">22°05'35"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="17" value="116.304726">116°18'17"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 21 May 2015; D. Kamien, C. Cole leg.; under rocks; (WAM T137102) • 1 imm.; ~ 50 km W of Pannawonica, SRE-M04, Mesa B C (West Robe);
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="01.9" value="-21.70053">21°42'01.9"S</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate degrees="115" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="58.0" value="115.96611">115°57'58.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
; 7 Aug. 2015; F. Leng leg.; targeted searches; mesa; (WAM T137136) • 1 imm.; ~ 45 km NW Newman, Mindy South; -22.93, 119.40; 29 Apr. 2022; S. Ronan leg.; invertebrate pitfall trap; (N23137-1); • 1 imm.; ~ 45 km NW Newman, Mindy South; -22.97, 119.41; 29 Apr. 2022; S. Ronan leg.; invertebrate pitfall trap; (N23137-1).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
The female (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 49. Karaops martamarta of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A female holotype, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T 97482) B adult male (WAM T 79413) C female holotype, epigyne, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T 97482) D same, endogyne E epigyne, 19.8 km W Mt. Berry (WAM T 94997) F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (C-F); 1 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
) is most similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops karrawarla" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karrawarla">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops karrawarla</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the m-shaped depression where the copulatory openings are located; however, in this species, the lateral lobes do not come into contact posteriorly and in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. martamarta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="martamarta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. martamarta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, the copulatory ducts nearly come into contact where they curve from anterior to posterior, whereas the curve is much broader in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. karrawarla" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="karrawarla">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. karrawarla</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Figs
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 49. Karaops martamarta of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A female holotype, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T 97482) B adult male (WAM T 79413) C female holotype, epigyne, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T 97482) D same, endogyne E epigyne, 19.8 km W Mt. Berry (WAM T 94997) F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (C-F); 1 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49C-F</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 55. Members of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A Karaops joehaeneri sp. nov., paratype male, Escarpment Trail, Kennedy Range National Park (sel _ 1131, WAM T 155507) B same, holotype female, epigyne (sel _ 1130 WAM T 155506) C same, endogyne D Karaops karrawarla, female paratype, epigyne, Bush Bay, Western Australia (WAM T 76700) E same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816444" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">55D, E</figureCitation>
|
|
). The male (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 50. Members of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A Karaops martamarta, adult male, 8 km NW of Mt. Berry (WAM T 79413) B habitat of Karaops martamarta, Robe Valley C Karaops martamarta, palp ventral, vic. Mt. Berry (WAM T 79411) D same, retrolateral E Karaops sp., Mundee, Mt. Augustus National Park (photo: J. DeJong) F Karaops julianneae, adult female, Lorna Glen Station (WAM T 107714). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (C, D); 1 mm (A); 2 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50A</figureCitation>
|
|
) has an extremely short palpal tibia and a very prominent, knobby retrobasal cymbial process (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 50. Members of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A Karaops martamarta, adult male, 8 km NW of Mt. Berry (WAM T 79413) B habitat of Karaops martamarta, Robe Valley C Karaops martamarta, palp ventral, vic. Mt. Berry (WAM T 79411) D same, retrolateral E Karaops sp., Mundee, Mt. Augustus National Park (photo: J. DeJong) F Karaops julianneae, adult female, Lorna Glen Station (WAM T 107714). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (C, D); 1 mm (A); 2 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50C, D</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 49" startId="F58">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 49.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops martamarta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martamarta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops martamarta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
female holotype, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T97482)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
adult male (WAM T79413)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
female holotype, epigyne, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T97482)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
same, endogyne
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
|
epigyne, 19.8 km W Mt. Berry (WAM T94997)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
|
same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C-F</emphasis>
|
|
); 1 mm (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 50" startId="F59">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 50.</emphasis>
|
|
Members of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops martamarta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martamarta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops martamarta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, adult male, 8 km NW of Mt. Berry (WAM T79413)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
|
habitat of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops martamarta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martamarta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops martamarta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, Robe Valley
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops martamarta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martamarta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops martamarta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, palp ventral, vic. Mt. Berry (WAM T79411)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
same, retrolateral
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp., Mundee, Mt. Augustus National Park (photo: J. DeJong)
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops julianneae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="julianneae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops julianneae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, adult female, Lorna Glen Station (WAM T107714). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
|
|
); 1 mm (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
|
); 2 mm (
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
The description of the female can be found in
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 103" refId="B14" refString="Crews, SC, Harvey, MS, 2011. The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region. ZooKeys 99: 1 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" title="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" volume="99" year="2011">Crews and Harvey (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, and the description of the male can be found in
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 469" refId="B11" refString="Crews, SC, 2013. Thirteen new species of the spider genus Karaops (Araneae: Selenopidae) from Western Australia. Zootaxa 3647 (3): 443 - 469, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" title="Thirteen new species of the spider genus Karaops (Araneae: Selenopidae) from Western Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" volume="3647" year="2013">Crews (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species is found in the Pilbara, Western Australia.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
The Hamersley subregion is located in the Pilbara bioregion. It is mountainous with many gorges and with low mulga woodland, bunch grasses, hummock-forming grasses, and snappy gum (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kendrick, P" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/about/science/projects/waaudit/pilbara02_p559-567.pdf" refId="B34" refString="Kendrick, P, 2001a. Pilbara 3 (PIL3 - Hamersley subregion). In: Department of Conservation and Land Management A Biodiversity Audit of Western Australia's 53 Biogeographic Subregions in 2002, 559-567. https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/about/science/projects/waaudit/pilbara02_p559-567.pdf" title="Pilbara 3 (PIL 3 - Hamersley subregion). In: Department of Conservation and Land Management A Biodiversity Audit of Western Australia's 53 Biogeographic Subregions in 2002, 559 - 567." url="https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/about/science/projects/waaudit/pilbara02_p559-567.pdf" year="2001 a">Kendrick 2001a</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The climate is semi-desert tropical, and it usually rains in the summer, although sometimes rain also occurs in winter. This differs somewhat from the Gascoyne to the south, as it is a desert climate with summer and winter rainfall. In the Hamersley subregion, rainfall is highest December to March and lowest August to November; temperatures are highest during the wetter months and drier in the cooler months.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
No collections of any life stage of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops martamarta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martamarta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops martamarta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
have been made during the wet, hot season of December to March; however, this likely reflects collecting efforts as summer rainfall can make travel difficult, and the heat can be oppressive, although many other species of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the Chichester subregion have been collected during this time (see Suppl. material). All life stages have been collected April to June, no adults in July, a dry cooler time, and no adults in November. This could also represent collecting efforts as the immatures represent different instars. It appears that
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. martamarta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="martamarta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. martamarta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is one of the most commonly collected
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; however, again, this likely reflects collecting efforts, as surveys in the Pilbara occur before the onset of major mining operations, and the collection localities of this species reflect that (Suppl. material 2: table S1). Additionally, there have been collecting efforts that have specifically targeted this species.
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops martamarta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martamarta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops martamarta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has been collected by hand under rocks and in a railway culvert, by sifting leaves and soil from a drainage/breakaway, leaf litter in a vertebrate trap and pitfall traps in gorges, on mesas, and in a footslope gully base and sides.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
The Hamersley subregion (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 50. Members of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A Karaops martamarta, adult male, 8 km NW of Mt. Berry (WAM T 79413) B habitat of Karaops martamarta, Robe Valley C Karaops martamarta, palp ventral, vic. Mt. Berry (WAM T 79411) D same, retrolateral E Karaops sp., Mundee, Mt. Augustus National Park (photo: J. DeJong) F Karaops julianneae, adult female, Lorna Glen Station (WAM T 107714). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (C, D); 1 mm (A); 2 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50B</figureCitation>
|
|
) is the southern part of the Pilbara Craton, a geologically stable region that is one of two places on earth with Archaean crust. There is high species and ecosystem diversity, and the region is known for many SREs (Huey, Hillyer and Harvey 2019). There are more species of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the Pilbara bioregion than any other bioregion.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
The genitalia of the holotype female (WAM T97482) (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 49. Karaops martamarta of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A female holotype, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T 97482) B adult male (WAM T 79413) C female holotype, epigyne, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T 97482) D same, endogyne E epigyne, 19.8 km W Mt. Berry (WAM T 94997) F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (C-F); 1 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49A, C, D</figureCitation>
|
|
) and a male (WAM T79143) (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 50. Members of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A Karaops martamarta, adult male, 8 km NW of Mt. Berry (WAM T 79413) B habitat of Karaops martamarta, Robe Valley C Karaops martamarta, palp ventral, vic. Mt. Berry (WAM T 79411) D same, retrolateral E Karaops sp., Mundee, Mt. Augustus National Park (photo: J. DeJong) F Karaops julianneae, adult female, Lorna Glen Station (WAM T 107714). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (C, D); 1 mm (A); 2 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50A, C, D</figureCitation>
|
|
) are illustrated for ease of comparison with similar species. The genitalia of another female (WAM T94997) (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 49. Karaops martamarta of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A female holotype, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T 97482) B adult male (WAM T 79413) C female holotype, epigyne, Trinity Bore South, vic. Cardo Camp, Red Hill (WAM T 97482) D same, endogyne E epigyne, 19.8 km W Mt. Berry (WAM T 94997) F same, endogyne. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (C-F); 1 mm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49E, F</figureCitation>
|
|
) is also illustrated to show variation from the holotype. Measurements were made of some additional males-total length variation: 5.08-6.25.
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops martamarta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martamarta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops martamarta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and a species known only from immature specimens have primarily been collected in the Hamersley subregion of the Pilbara bioregion (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 50. Members of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group, Western Australia A Karaops martamarta, adult male, 8 km NW of Mt. Berry (WAM T 79413) B habitat of Karaops martamarta, Robe Valley C Karaops martamarta, palp ventral, vic. Mt. Berry (WAM T 79411) D same, retrolateral E Karaops sp., Mundee, Mt. Augustus National Park (photo: J. DeJong) F Karaops julianneae, adult female, Lorna Glen Station (WAM T 107714). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (C, D); 1 mm (A); 2 mm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50B</figureCitation>
|
|
), with the former having a few collections in the Chichester subregion to the north.
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops banyjima" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banyjima">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops banyjima</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has also only been found in this subregion, as well as
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. nyangumarta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nyangumarta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. nyangumarta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. morganoconnelli" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="morganoconnelli">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. morganoconnelli</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., and a few species known only from immature samples with a few collections made just at the border of the Chichester bioregion (Map
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 9" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Map 9. Species of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group A diamonds (juveniles): blue = Erawandoo Hill, orange = Mt. Augustus, red = Nammuldi, yellow = Hillside-Corunna-Glenn Herring, black = Marble Bar-Glacier Valley, pink = Orebody 19, 31, teal = Wheelara North, orange with thick outline = Harding Dam (maybe Karaops ngarluma, see text); Circles: dark blue = Karaops julianneae, dark green = Karaops badgeradda, red = Karaops joehaeneri sp. nov., teal = Karaops karrawarla, blue = Karaops durrantorum sp. nov., brown = Karaops burbidgei, green = Karaops martamarta, purple = Karaops nyangumarta, black = Karaops banyjima, yellow = Karaops morganoconnelli sp. nov., gray = Karaops nyiyaparli, red-brown = Karaops feedtime, bright pink = Karaops nyamal (probably, see text), white = Karaops kariyarra, bright green = Karaops yurlburr, orange = Karaops ngarluma, tan = Karaops jaburrara, peach = Karaops forteyi, teal = new species yet undescribed; small white diamonds are unidentifiable immatures for which no molecular data are available B boxed area expanded for clarity." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9A</figureCitation>
|
|
). This could reflect a lack of collecting efforts in the surrounding areas to the south, although that is part of the Gascoyne bioregion and is likely to harbor different taxa. Recently, the species was found further to the east, quite far from other collections, expanding the range. There is little overlap between species, but some are very close and must come into contact; however, multiple species have not been collected in the same place at the same time even though adults have temporal overlap, and immatures can be found throughout most of the year. This pattern is very similar to that of Kimberley species group members (Map
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 7" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Map 7. Species of the Kimberley species group. Diamonds (juveniles): light purple = Mimbi Caves; blue = Geike Gorge, green = Adcock Gorge, teal = Augustus Island, pink = Little Mertens Falls, yellow = Emma Gorge, orange = Kelly's Knob, red = Keep River National Park; Circles: green = Karaops dejongi sp. nov., blue = Karaops jenniferae, red = Karaops dalmanyi sp. nov., purple = Karaops sp. adult male (will be described in subsequent publication), white = Karaops conilurus sp. nov., pink = Karaops umiida, yellow = Karaops alanlongbottomi, teal = Karaops keithlongbottomi, mauve = Karaops larryoo, orange = Karaops garyodwyeri sp. nov., black = Karaops malumbu sp. nov. Juveniles are treated as distinct species based on molecular data." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816403" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Molecular data show that the Pilbara/Gascoyne clade is separated into two clades that do not completely reflect geography, e.g., there is no Gascoyne clade or a Pilbara clade (Suppl. material 1). All of the Gascoyne species are in the same clade, but this clade also contains
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops martamarta" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martamarta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops martamarta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. morganoconnelli" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="morganoconnelli">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. morganoconnelli</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., and two undescribed species known from juveniles: one from Nammuldi/Tom Price and the other Wheelara. Members of this clade all have very similar genitalia. The species in the other clade mostly comprise those found in the Pilbara, but there is possibly a juvenile undescribed species from Mt. Augustus that is recovered within this clade.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |