233 lines
18 KiB
XML
233 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7345e6b-fa55-474e-9b6e-d6b185121541" ID-PMC="PMC7718216" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-168-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" ID-PubMed="33335445" ModsDocID="1314-2003-168-1" checkinTime="1606572050664" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dean, Ellen, Poore, Jennifer, Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio, Nee, Michael H., Kang, Hannah, Starbuck, Thomas, Rodrigues, Annamarie & Conner, Matthew" docDate="2020" docId="C571DA5D64B7DA5CFF4F78A385C8767F" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 168: 1-333" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 168" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" docTitle="Lycianthes limitanea (Standl.) J. L. Gentry, Phytologia 26: 275. 1973" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" masterDocTitle="The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala" masterLastPageNumber="333" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668140149145" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Dean, Ellen</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-0027</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">eadean@ucdavis.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Poore, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio Nacional de Identificacion y Caracterizacion Vegetal (LaniVeg), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramon Padilla Sanchez 2100, 45110 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4071-8108</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Nee, Michael H.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>26776 US Hwy 14, Richland Center, WI 53581, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Kang, Hannah</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Starbuck, Thomas</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Rodrigues, Annamarie</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Conner, Matthew</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>168</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>333</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-168-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="170596516" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C571DA5D64B7DA5CFF4F78A385C8767F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C571DA5D64B7DA5CFF4F78A385C8767F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
26
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Standl.) J. L. Gentry, Phytologia 26: 275. 1973" authorityName="(Standl.) J. L. Gentry, Phytologia 26: 275." authorityYear="1973" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes limitanea" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limitanea">Lycianthes limitanea (Standl.) J.L. Gentry, Phytologia 26: 275. 1973</taxonomicName>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 58. Image of herbarium specimen of L. limitanea, Cabrera 6091 (WIS). Specimen used with permission from Wisconsin State Herbarium, University of Wisconsin, Madison." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure58" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480070" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Standl" authorityYear="1935" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum limitaneum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limitaneum">Solanum limitaneum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Standl., Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 461 (4): 85. 1935. Type: Belize. Camp 33 (on Guatemala-Belize boundary), 2850 feet [869 m], 24 Apr 1934,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">W.A. Schipp S-681</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: F [0073115F, acc. # 733642]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Standl" authorityYear="1935" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum limitaneum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limitaneum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum limitaneum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Standl.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure58" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480070" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 58" startId="F58">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 58.</emphasis>
|
||
Image of herbarium specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. limitanea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="limitanea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. limitanea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cabrera 6091</emphasis>
|
||
(WIS). Specimen used with permission from Wisconsin State Herbarium, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Scandent shrub to woody vine, 3-4 (10) m tall, the lower stem to 2.5 cm in diameter. Indument of tan to orange, uniseriate, multicellular, short- to long-stalked, multangulate-stellate to geminate-stellate, eglandular, spreading trichomes 0.5-0.75 (1.2) mm long and in diameter, the rays 5-8 per whorl, straight, rarely rebranched. Stems greenish when young, densely pubescent, not compressed when dried in a plant press, becoming light brown and woody with age; upper sympodial branching usually monochasial, sometimes dichasial. Leaves simple, the leaves of the upper sympodia sometimes paired and unequal in size, the larger ones with blades 8-15.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
4.5-10 cm, the smaller ones with blades 1.5-4.5 (9.5)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1-3 (4) cm, the leaf pairs similar in shape, the blades ovate to elliptic (often widely so), coriaceous, adaxially sparsely pubescent, abaxially densely pubescent, the base truncate to rounded (rarely cuneate or slightly cordate), the margin entire, usually undulate, the apex acute to acuminate, the petiole (0.5) 1-3.7 cm long, the larger leaf blades with 4-6 primary veins on each side of the midvein. Flowers solitary or in groups of 2-12, axillary, nodding; peduncles absent; pedicels 7-12 mm long and reflexed in flower, to 28 mm long and erect in fruit, densely pubescent; calyx 6-7 mm long, 6-7 mm in diameter, campanulate, densely pubescent, the margin truncate, undulate, or lobed, the appendages not present; fruiting calyx enlarged, bowl-shaped, unevenly torn and lobed, 3-10 mm long, 9-17 mm in diameter; corolla 1-1.5 cm long, open corolla orientation not known, entire to shallowly stellate in outline, divided ca. 1/4 of the way to the base, with abundant interpetalar tissue, white, adaxially glabrous, abaxially densely puberulent on the lobes; stamens equal, the filaments ca. 1 mm long, glabrous, the anthers 5-6 mm long, lanceolate, free of one another, yellow, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, poricidal at the tips, the pores ovate, dehiscing distally, not opening into longitudinal slits; pistil with glabrous ovary, the style 8-9 mm long, linear, straight to curved, glabrous, the stigma oblong, sometimes slightly bilobed, decurrent down two sides. Fruit a berry, 8-21 mm long, 7-22 mm in diameter, globose to depressed globose, green to white when immature, orange to red when mature, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, lacking sclerotic granules. Seeds 20-50 per fruit, 2.9-3.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.5-3.2 mm, flattened, with thickened margin, circular to depressed ovate in outline, yellow-orange to brown-orange, the surface reticulum in the center nearly smooth with indistinct serpentine pattern and shallow luminae, the texture on the margin wrinkled and rough.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Mexico (Chiapas), Guatemala (Huehuetenango, Izabal,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Petén">Peten</normalizedToken>
|
||
), and Belize, in tropical rain forest, pine forest, pine-oak forest, cloud forest, and tropical moist forest, both in primary forest and along road edges, on slopes and ridges, 80-1500 m in elevation (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Map of geographic distribution of L. limitanea based on herbarium specimen data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480071" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480071" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 59" startId="F59">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 59.</emphasis>
|
||
Map of geographic distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. limitanea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="limitanea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. limitanea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on herbarium specimen data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None known.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering specimens have been collected December through May; specimens with mature fruits have been collected from March through October. The diurnal movements of the corolla of this species are unknown. The five flowering collections that we examined had closed flowers, indicating that the flowers must open and close very early in the morning or at night.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes limitanea" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limitanea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes limitanea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an uncommon species of southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize, represented by 17 collections and occurring in two protected areas (Columbia River, Belize and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Dulce, Guatemala). The EOO is 69,835.282 km2, and the AOO is 68 km2. Based on the
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" refId="B67" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019. http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019." url="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
criteria, the preliminary assessment category is Least Concern (LC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes limitanea" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limitanea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes limitanea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a distinctive, but poorly known and rarely collected, species of the Caribbean slope ranging from southern Mexico to Belize and Guatemala. It is easily identified based on its dense, tan to orange, multangulate-stellate trichomes, relatively large leaves, large calyces which lack appendages, equal stamens, and large, round fruits. Until this paper, the flowers had not been described in the literature, and of the 17 collections we examined, only five collections were in bud and three collections were in flower. All the other collections were in fruit. Therefore, the flower measurements in this description are based on dissection of a single flower.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Representative specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Guatemala. Huehuetenango</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nentón">Nenton</normalizedToken>
|
||
, along the road from Nuevo San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
Frontera to Las Palmas, 16.0333, -91.55, 900-1200 m, 17 Mar 2009,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M.J.M. Christenhusz 5619</emphasis>
|
||
(NY).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Izabal</emphasis>
|
||
: El Estor, La Llorona,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="15.5142" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="15.5142">15.5142</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="89.4236" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-89.4236">-89.4236</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 500 m, 30 Aug 1998,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
M.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Véliz">Veliz</normalizedToken>
|
||
6652
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BIGU).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Petén">Peten</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: on Melchor de Mencos Road, 8 May 1967,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Contreras 6873</emphasis>
|
||
(MO, NY, LL).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mexico. Chiapas</emphasis>
|
||
: Mpio. Palenque, 6-12 km south of Palenque on road to Ocosingo, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.4468" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="17.4468">17.4468</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="91.9623" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-91.9623">-91.9623</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 300 m, 10 May 1973,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. Breedlove 35007</emphasis>
|
||
(MO).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |