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<document id="3CCBA758EB25178EDBAA370C90ED44C9" ID-CLB-Dataset="20948" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2020.717.1097" ID-GBIF-Dataset="efad8a8c-7730-4513-8853-b5ac5640deb5" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4050009" ID-ZooBank="A03063E4-23C7-4084-BDB6-7495687FFDC5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1601038681773" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="de Freitas, Abner S., Dietrich, Christopher H. &amp; Takiya, Daniela M." docDate="2020" docId="4C61685FFF9D5F28A429904745A1FBB9" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-717_freitas_dietrich_takiya.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 717" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Aphelonema brevata Caldwell 1945" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="B0581027FF9F5F2DA616955A4101FFB8" masterDocTitle="Five new species of Caliscelidae (Insecta, Hemiptera) from Mexico and Panama, with additional redescriptions of little-known species" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698845946241" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="9996E73AFF7CC77F1AFF28BE19EB8E3B">Five new species of Caliscelidae (Insecta, Hemiptera) from Mexico and Panama, with additional redescriptions of little-known species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D1887F0082E75DB54898F7E35453EBF3">de Freitas, Abner S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FCCEF1343FA012E9973319592C04B837" type="LSID">F5BAAFAC-ACDB-49D9-B074-CC190645AED1</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3C1FFF99D8C1D0C1DC12A6C2E977F019">Laboratório de Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. &amp; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FAD7BF0350EEA03F3DBA877F3B30C96D" type="email">defreitasabner@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F16CEFE5CD7786D96E50D1E8B0C7786A">Dietrich, Christopher H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9A547A467FDF3D22B71CBF3C4BA68C31">Illinois Natural History Survey Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="375278F66D4C37B508858FD94FA382B9" type="email">chdietri@illinois.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="38EC14F82ED9FA2DE5882EBD5B408F56">Takiya, Daniela M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8760D4FF26B3EFEE4CC4849298EF7C1E">Laboratório de Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CB2BAA3B522D7AE62089245CCD97A582" type="email">takiya@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="D08BB10D82769653CCE717FB35847CCB">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FE8D6D82947BF134DC401C483D84FEA1">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D22344F12A084E5FCE528D3476A2FDB3">2020-09-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E1D8851F81783B0227FF745892B361D4">717</mods:number>
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<treatment id="4C61685FFF9D5F28A429904745A1FBB9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4330349" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168131778" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4330349" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C61685FFF9D5F28A429904745A1FBB9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C61685FFF9D5F28A429904745A1FBB9" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="8CD28AC2FF9D5F2FA429904742F5FA80" box="[575,1012,1309,1336]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9D5F2FA429904742F5FA80" blockId="2.[575,1012,1309,1372]" box="[575,1012,1309,1336]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="9F3F6E25FF9D5F2FA429904742F5FA80" box="[575,1012,1309,1336]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="03C8A2CAFF9D5F2FA429904742F5FA80" ID-CoL="FCZ8" authority="Caldwell, 1945" authorityName="Caldwell" authorityYear="1945" box="[575,1012,1309,1336]" class="Insecta" family="Caliscelidae" genus="Aphelonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevata">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9D5F2FA4299047423BFA80" bold="true" box="[575,826,1309,1336]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Aphelonema brevata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A059A4B8FF9D5F2FA557904442F5FA80" author="Caldwell" box="[833,1012,1309,1336]" firstAuthor="Caldwell" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" pagination="89 - 120" refId="ref20494" refString="Caldwell J. S. 1945. Notes on Issidae from Mexico. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 38: 89 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 38.1.89" type="journal article" year="1945">Caldwell, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8CD28AC2FF9D5F2FA4D19018426FFAE4" box="[711,878,1346,1372]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9D5F2FA4D19018426FFAE4" blockId="2.[575,1012,1309,1372]" box="[711,878,1346,1372]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9D5F2FA4D19018422EFAE4" box="[711,815,1346,1372]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionStartId-1="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox-0="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetBox-1="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId-0="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetId-1="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9D5F2FA52A9018426FFAE4" box="[828,878,1346,1372]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[286,1299,299,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-101@37.[251,1337,265,1783]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 26. Scheme of lateral abdominal sensory pit arrangement of Caliscelidae. Roman numerals refers to abdominal tergite number and sensory pits below the dashed line are the isolated ones. A. Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945. B. Bruchomorpha decorata Metcalf, 1923. C. Bruchomorpha mormo Kirkaldy, 1907. D. Bruchomorpha pseudodorsata sp. nov. E. Fitchiella brachyrhina sp. nov. F. Fitchiella zahniseri sp. nov. G. Nenema virgata (Doering, 1941). H. Protrocha nesolitaria (Caldwell, 1945). I. Protrocha nigrilutea sp. nov. J. Protrocha punctatosa sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050067/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">26A</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8CD28AC2FF9D5F2FA6AB90DF43B1F9BE" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9D5F2FA6AB90DF4226FA26" blockId="2.[189,807,1412,1439]" box="[189,807,1412,1439]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E4D8FE67FF9D5F2FA6AB90DF4226FA26" box="[189,807,1412,1439]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitation id="4569FF58FF9D5F2FA6AB90DF439BFA27" author="Caldwell J. S." box="[189,666,1412,1439]" page="94" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" year="1945">
<taxonomicName id="03C8A2CAFF9D5F2FA6AB90DF439BFA27" ID-CoL="FCZ8" authority="Caldwell, 1945: 94" authorityName="Caldwell" authorityPageNumber="94" authorityYear="1945" box="[189,666,1412,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Caliscelidae" genus="Aphelonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevata">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9D5F2FA6AB90DF40B1FA27" box="[189,432,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Aphelonema brevata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A059A4B8FF9D5F2FA7A190DF439BFA27" author="Caldwell" box="[439,666,1412,1439]" firstAuthor="Caldwell" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" pagination="89 - 120" refId="ref20494" refString="Caldwell J. S. 1945. Notes on Issidae from Mexico. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 38: 89 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 38.1.89" type="journal article" year="1945">Caldwell, 1945: 94</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, pl. I: fig. 6.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9D5F2FA6AB909D43B1F9BE" blockId="2.[189,1368,1479,1542]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E4D8FE67FF9D5F2FA6AB909D43B1F9BE" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="03C8A2CAFF9D5F2FA6AB909D4340FA59" ID-CoL="FCZ8" authorityName="Caldwell" authorityYear="1945" box="[189,577,1479,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Caliscelidae" genus="Aphelonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevata" subGenus="Protrocha">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9D5F2FA6AB909D4051FA59" box="[189,336,1479,1505]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Aphelonema</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9D5F2FA777909D40D6FA59" box="[353,471,1479,1505]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Protrocha</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9D5F2FA7FE909D4340FA59" box="[488,577,1479,1505]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">brevata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="4569FF58FF9D5F2FA448909D425AFA5A" author="Emeljanov A. F." box="[606,859,1479,1506]" page="835" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="A059A4B8FF9D5F2FA448909D425AFA5A" author="Emeljanov" box="[606,859,1479,1506]" firstAuthor="Emeljanov" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" pagination="993 - 994" refId="ref20731" refString="Emeljanov A. F. 1996. A new genus Chirodisca gen. n. and new subgenera of the genus Aphelonema Uhl. (Homoptera, Fulgoroidea, Issidae). Entomologicheskoe obozrenie 75: 834 - 835. [English translation published in Entomological Review 76: 993 - 994.]" type="journal article" year="1996">Emeljanov 1996: 835</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(proposed new subgenus for
<taxonomicName id="03C8A2CAFF9D5F2FA2A3909D4449FA59" ID-CoL="YDL" authorityName="Uhler" authorityYear="1876" box="[1205,1352,1479,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Caliscelidae" genus="Aphelonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9D5F2FA2A3909D4449FA59" box="[1205,1352,1479,1505]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Aphelonema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="03C8A2CAFF9D5F2FA6AB90B14095F9BD" authority="Gnezdilov 2013" box="[189,404,1515,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Issidae" genus="Protrocha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevata">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9D5F2FA6AB90B14095F9BD" box="[189,404,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Protrocha brevata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="4569FF58FF9D5F2FA7A790B143ADF9BE" author="Gnezdilov V. M." box="[433,684,1515,1542]" page="212" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="A059A4B8FF9D5F2FA7A790B143ADF9BE" author="Gnezdilov" box="[433,684,1515,1542]" firstAuthor="Gnezdilov" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" pagination="211 - 214" refId="ref21258" refString="Gnezdilov V. M. 2013. A modern classification of the family Caliscelidae Amyot et Serville (Homoptera, Fulgoroidea). Zoologichesky Zhurnal 92: 1309 - 1311. [English translation published in Entomological Review 94 (2): 211 - 214.] https: // doi. org / 10.1134 / S 0013873814020092" type="journal article" year="2013">Gnezdilov 2013: 212</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8CD28AC2FF9D5F2FA6AB93744262F896" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9D5F2FA6AB93744037F9F0" blockId="2.[189,310,1582,1608]" box="[189,310,1582,1608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="9F3F6E25FF9D5F2FA6AB93744037F9F0" bold="true" box="[189,310,1582,1608]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9D5F2FA6AB93744037F9F0" bold="true" box="[189,310,1582,1608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9D5F2FA6AB93044262F896" blockId="2.[189,1398,1630,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
Body mainly light brown with some regions dark brown (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9D5F2FA570930442AAF9C0" box="[870,939,1630,1656]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
); central plate dark brown with pair of swirl-shaped light brown maculae (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9D5F2FA44993D843BCF924" box="[607,701,1666,1692]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
); sides of frons with two rows of sensory pits on each side (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9D5F2FA6D093FC4021F979" box="[198,288,1702,1729]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
); clypeus not swollen (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9D5F2FA43B93FC43AAF979" box="[557,683,1702,1729]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1A, C</figureCitation>
), with median carina (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9D5F2FA5B993FC450AF979" box="[943,1035,1702,1729]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
); lateral lobe of pronotum with approximately three sensory pits arranged in group (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9D5F2FA5399391428DF95D" box="[815,908,1739,1765]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
); abdominal tergites (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9D5F2FA284939145EFF95D" box="[1170,1262,1739,1765]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9D5F2FA2EB93914430F95E" box="[1277,1329,1739,1766]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[286,1299,299,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-101@37.[251,1337,265,1783]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 26. Scheme of lateral abdominal sensory pit arrangement of Caliscelidae. Roman numerals refers to abdominal tergite number and sensory pits below the dashed line are the isolated ones. A. Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945. B. Bruchomorpha decorata Metcalf, 1923. C. Bruchomorpha mormo Kirkaldy, 1907. D. Bruchomorpha pseudodorsata sp. nov. E. Fitchiella brachyrhina sp. nov. F. Fitchiella zahniseri sp. nov. G. Nenema virgata (Doering, 1941). H. Protrocha nesolitaria (Caldwell, 1945). I. Protrocha nigrilutea sp. nov. J. Protrocha punctatosa sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050067/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">26A</figureCitation>
) with row of sensory pits followed by single isolated ventral sensory pit (tergite IV) or by isolated pair of diagonally aligned ventral sensory pits (tergites V to VII).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8CD28AC2FF9D5F2EA6AB920C457AFED4" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9D5F2FA6AB920C40ABF8C8" blockId="2.[189,426,1878,1904]" box="[189,426,1878,1904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="9F3F6E25FF9D5F2FA6AB920C40ABF8C8" bold="true" box="[189,426,1878,1904]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9D5F2FA6AB920C40ABF8C8" bold="true" box="[189,426,1878,1904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9D5F2FA6FC92DC405DF818" blockId="2.[189,1398,1926,2025]" box="[234,348,1926,1952]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9D5F2FA6FC92DC405DF818" bold="true" box="[234,348,1926,1952]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<typeStatus id="1B7367EBFF9D5F2FA6FC92DC405DF818" box="[234,348,1926,1952]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9D5F2FA6AB92F04061F851" blockId="2.[189,1398,1926,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="74A0D314FF9D5F2FA6AB92F04061F851" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2864346309" collectingDate="1938-11-24" collectionCode="NMNH" collectorName="J. S. Caldwell" country="Mexico" location="Toluca Rd." pageId="2" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="USNMENT 01513543" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="BCDF99D9FF9D5F2FA6AB92F04030F87C" box="[189,305,1962,1988]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="D2CE12C0FF9D5F2FA75D92F14062F87D" box="[331,355,1963,1989]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
;
<location id="C1178F92FF9D5F2FA76692F040F5F87C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C61685FFF9D5F28A429904745A1FBB9:C1178F92FF9D5F2FA76692F040F5F87C" box="[368,500,1962,1988]" country="Mexico" name="Toluca Rd." pageId="2" pageNumber="29">Toluca Rd.</location>
;
<date id="B076FF89FF9D5F2FA41792F043A5F87C" box="[513,676,1962,1989]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" value="1938-11-24">
<collectingDate id="A0320661FF9D5F2FA41792F043A5F87C" box="[513,676,1962,1989]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" value="1938-11-24">24 Nov. 1938</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="693DBC9FFF9D5F2FA4A792F0424FF87C" box="[689,846,1962,1988]" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">J.S. Caldwell</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectionCode id="A2D9418CFF9D5F2FA58792F142EAF87D" box="[913,1003,1963,1989]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="29" type="Museum">NMNH</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="946E7132FF9D5F2FA5E492F045FDF87D" box="[1010,1276,1962,1989]" collectionCode="USNMENT" pageId="2" pageNumber="29">USNMENT 01513543</specimenCode>
(based on photographs).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9C5F2EA6FC945240A7FE9A" blockId="3.[189,1399,264,365]" box="[234,422,264,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9C5F2EA6FC945240A7FE9A" bold="true" box="[234,422,264,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Other material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9C5F2EA6AB9477457AFED4" blockId="3.[189,1399,264,365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
<materialsCitation id="74A0D314FF9C5F2EA6AB94774576FED4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2864346317" collectingDate="2005-10" collectionCode="R, INHS" collectorName="Rakitov" country="Mexico" elevation="2050" latitude="19.68392" location="E Morelia" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-101.00981" municipality="E Morelia" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Michoacan">
<collectingCountry id="BCDF99D9FF9C5F2EA6AB94774030FEFF" box="[189,305,301,327]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="D2CE12C0FF9C5F2EA74794774082FEF0" box="[337,387,301,328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">1 ♂</specimenCount>
; “MICH” [
<collectingRegion id="060C17ABFF9C5F2EA41B94774399FEF0" box="[525,664,301,328]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
],
<collectingMunicipality id="24134333FF9C5F2EA4B89474422AFEFF" box="[686,811,301,328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">E Morelia</collectingMunicipality>
,
<locationDeviation id="D5C5C06BFF9C5F2EA52D94744508FEFF" box="[827,1033,301,328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">route 15, Km 18</locationDeviation>
;
<geoCoordinate id="A1FCBF8EFF9C5F2EA20F947745B5FEF0" box="[1049,1204,301,328]" degrees="19.68392" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" precision="1" value="19.68392">19.68392º N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A1FCBF8EFF9C5F2EA2D594774473FEF0" box="[1219,1394,301,328]" degrees="101.00981" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" precision="1" value="-101.00981">101.00981º W</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="4FE53E7AFF9C5F2EA6AB94084057FED4" box="[189,342,338,365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="2050.0">
<quantity id="033074ACFF9C5F2EA6AB94084017FED5" box="[189,278,338,365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="2050.0">2050 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="B076FF89FF9C5F2EA775940840DBFED5" box="[355,474,338,365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" value="2005-10">
<collectingDate id="A0320661FF9C5F2EA775940840DBFED5" box="[355,474,338,365]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" value="2005-10">Oct. 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="A2D9418CFF9C5F2EA7F0940940FCFED5" box="[486,509,339,365]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="693DBC9FFF9C5F2EA41F94084367FED4" box="[521,614,338,364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Rakitov</collectorName>
leg.; sweep; DNA voucher ENT4920;
<collectionCode id="A2D9418CFF9C5F2EA23994084576FED4" box="[1071,1143,338,364]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">INHS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8CD28AC2FF9C5F28A6AB94CF437BFE61" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9C5F2EA6AB94CF404FFE17" blockId="3.[189,334,405,431]" box="[189,334,405,431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="9F3F6E25FF9C5F2EA6AB94CF404FFE17" bold="true" box="[189,334,405,431]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9C5F2EA6AB94CF404FFE17" bold="true" box="[189,334,405,431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9C5F2EA6AB949F4331FE58" blockId="3.[189,560,453,480]" box="[189,560,453,480]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
BODY LENGTH. Male =
<quantity id="033074ACFF9C5F2EA7D9949F432DFE58" box="[463,556,453,480]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9C5F2EA6AB97524396FC9C" blockId="3.[189,1399,520,804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
COLORATION. Body mainly light brown with some regions dark brown (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA20C9752455CFD9A" box="[1050,1117,520,546]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A–C). Vertex (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA3079752446CFD9A" box="[1297,1389,520,546]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) with pair of dark brown maculae. Central plate (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA51097774265FDFF" box="[774,868,557,583]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) dark brown with pair of swirl-shaped light brown maculae; median carina dark brown. Gena and lateral lobe of pronotum (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA26C970845D5FDD4" box="[1146,1236,594,620]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
) dark brown. Clypeus dark brown with pair of light brown triangular maculae (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA5C3972D4534FD29" box="[981,1077,631,657]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
). Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA2C5972D442EFD29" box="[1235,1327,631,657]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) dark brown with three median light brown stripes connected to stripes on mesonotum. Mesonotum (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA30297C6446CFD0E" box="[1300,1389,668,694]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) with additional pair of lateral light brown stripes. Forewing (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA58E979A42F2FD63" box="[920,1011,704,731]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) brown. Legs (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA2BB979A442EFD63" box="[1197,1327,704,731]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1A, C</figureCitation>
) light brown with several dark brown maculae. Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA52E97BF427DFD47" box="[824,892,741,767]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B–C) dark brown with three median light brown interrupted stripes in dorsal view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9C5F2EA6AB961740AFFAD2" blockId="3.[189,1399,845,1386]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
HEAD AND THORAX. Vertex (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA4109617435FFCDF" box="[518,606,845,871]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) hexagonal, shorter than half its width, almost as long as pronotum; posterior margin slightly elevated. Frons (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA4A596284210FC34" box="[691,785,882,908]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) with median carina and pair of sublateral carinae; sublateral carinae convergent and almost fused to each other ventrally (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA5E996CD455DFC09" box="[1023,1116,919,945]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
); central plate (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA30496CD446CFC09" box="[1298,1389,919,945]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) as long as wide at widest portion, not visible in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA59D96E642E7FC6E" box="[907,998,956,982]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
), not extending anteriorly beyond sublateral carinae in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA44D96BA43B8FC43" box="[603,697,992,1019]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
); sides of frons partially visible in frontal view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA31996BA446CFC43" box="[1295,1389,992,1019]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
) and almost fused above clypeus, with two rows of sensory pits on each side in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA31C915F4466FBA7" box="[1290,1383,1029,1055]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
): anterior row with eight sensory pits, ventral pair slightly displaced; posterior row with four sensory pits, most ventral one slightly isolated. Clypeus (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA4C69115422DFBD1" box="[720,812,1103,1129]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
) not swollen, with median carina. Ocelli absent. Eye oblong. Antenna short, with several small circular structures visible on pedicel. Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA302912E446CFB36" box="[1300,1389,1140,1166]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) semicircular, shorter than half its width, with median carina; median portion of disc without sensory pits; lateral portion of disc with 14 to 15 sensory pits; lateral lobe of pronotum (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA22591E7458DFB6F" box="[1075,1164,1213,1239]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
) with three sensory pits arranged in group. Mesonotum (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9C5F2EA46D91B843D9FB44" box="[635,728,1250,1276]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) with median carina and pair of lateral carinae; region between lateral carinae depressed and without sensory pits; region laterad of lateral carinae with nine to 11 sensory pits. Brachypterous, with reduced venation. Legs simple, with carinae, setose; tibia III with single median spine.
</paragraph>
<caption id="90B789C1FF9C5F2EA6AB92F04378F850" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" startId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" targetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9C5F2EA6AB92F04378F850" blockId="3.[189,1399,1962,2024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9C5F2EA6AB92F0400CF87C" bold="true" box="[189,269,1962,1988]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="03C8A2CAFF9C5F2EA78892F04257F87D" authority="Caldwell, 1945" authorityName="Caldwell" authorityYear="1945" box="[414,854,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Caliscelidae" genus="Aphelonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevata">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9C5F2EA78892F04395F87C" box="[414,660,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Aphelonema brevata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A059A4B8FF9C5F2EA48B92F04257F87D" author="Caldwell" box="[669,854,1962,1989]" firstAuthor="Caldwell" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" pagination="89 - 120" refId="ref20494" refString="Caldwell J. S. 1945. Notes on Issidae from Mexico. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 38: 89 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 38.1.89" type="journal article" year="1945">Caldwell, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂ (INHS).
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9C5F2EA5F892F04502F87C" bold="true" box="[1006,1027,1962,1988]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
. Frontal view.
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9C5F2EA2AD92F045CEF87C" bold="true" box="[1211,1231,1962,1988]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">B</emphasis>
. Dorsal view.
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9C5F2EA6AB929741D3F85F" bold="true" box="[189,210,1997,2023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">C</emphasis>
. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9B5F29A6AB945343C9FE09" blockId="4.[189,1399,265,433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
ABDOMEN. Terga with longitudinal carina. Tergite III (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A550945342A7FE9B" box="[838,934,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A5A0945342EBFE9C" box="[950,1002,265,292]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[286,1299,299,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-101@37.[251,1337,265,1783]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 26. Scheme of lateral abdominal sensory pit arrangement of Caliscelidae. Roman numerals refers to abdominal tergite number and sensory pits below the dashed line are the isolated ones. A. Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945. B. Bruchomorpha decorata Metcalf, 1923. C. Bruchomorpha mormo Kirkaldy, 1907. D. Bruchomorpha pseudodorsata sp. nov. E. Fitchiella brachyrhina sp. nov. F. Fitchiella zahniseri sp. nov. G. Nenema virgata (Doering, 1941). H. Protrocha nesolitaria (Caldwell, 1945). I. Protrocha nigrilutea sp. nov. J. Protrocha punctatosa sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050067/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">26A</figureCitation>
) without sensory pits. Tergite IV (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A6D394764025FEFE" box="[197,292,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A72494764067FEFF" box="[306,358,300,327]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[286,1299,299,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-101@37.[251,1337,265,1783]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 26. Scheme of lateral abdominal sensory pit arrangement of Caliscelidae. Roman numerals refers to abdominal tergite number and sensory pits below the dashed line are the isolated ones. A. Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945. B. Bruchomorpha decorata Metcalf, 1923. C. Bruchomorpha mormo Kirkaldy, 1907. D. Bruchomorpha pseudodorsata sp. nov. E. Fitchiella brachyrhina sp. nov. F. Fitchiella zahniseri sp. nov. G. Nenema virgata (Doering, 1941). H. Protrocha nesolitaria (Caldwell, 1945). I. Protrocha nigrilutea sp. nov. J. Protrocha punctatosa sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050067/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">26A</figureCitation>
) with row of two sensory pits followed by single isolated ventral one. Tergites V and VI (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A6D394154022FED1" box="[197,291,335,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A73994154062FED2" box="[303,355,335,362]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[286,1299,299,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-101@37.[251,1337,265,1783]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 26. Scheme of lateral abdominal sensory pit arrangement of Caliscelidae. Roman numerals refers to abdominal tergite number and sensory pits below the dashed line are the isolated ones. A. Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945. B. Bruchomorpha decorata Metcalf, 1923. C. Bruchomorpha mormo Kirkaldy, 1907. D. Bruchomorpha pseudodorsata sp. nov. E. Fitchiella brachyrhina sp. nov. F. Fitchiella zahniseri sp. nov. G. Nenema virgata (Doering, 1941). H. Protrocha nesolitaria (Caldwell, 1945). I. Protrocha nigrilutea sp. nov. J. Protrocha punctatosa sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050067/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">26A</figureCitation>
) with row of four sensory pits followed by isolated ventral pair aligned diagonally. Tergite VII (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A6E094284054FE35" box="[246,341,370,397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A77594284096FE35" box="[355,407,370,397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[286,1299,299,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-101@37.[251,1337,265,1783]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 26. Scheme of lateral abdominal sensory pit arrangement of Caliscelidae. Roman numerals refers to abdominal tergite number and sensory pits below the dashed line are the isolated ones. A. Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945. B. Bruchomorpha decorata Metcalf, 1923. C. Bruchomorpha mormo Kirkaldy, 1907. D. Bruchomorpha pseudodorsata sp. nov. E. Fitchiella brachyrhina sp. nov. F. Fitchiella zahniseri sp. nov. G. Nenema virgata (Doering, 1941). H. Protrocha nesolitaria (Caldwell, 1945). I. Protrocha nigrilutea sp. nov. J. Protrocha punctatosa sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050067/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">26A</figureCitation>
) with row of three sensory pits followed by isolated ventral pair aligned diagonally. Tergite VIII with one sensory pit (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A45B94CC43BBFE09" box="[589,698,406,433]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[286,1299,299,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-101@37.[251,1337,265,1783]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 26. Scheme of lateral abdominal sensory pit arrangement of Caliscelidae. Roman numerals refers to abdominal tergite number and sensory pits below the dashed line are the isolated ones. A. Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945. B. Bruchomorpha decorata Metcalf, 1923. C. Bruchomorpha mormo Kirkaldy, 1907. D. Bruchomorpha pseudodorsata sp. nov. E. Fitchiella brachyrhina sp. nov. F. Fitchiella zahniseri sp. nov. G. Nenema virgata (Doering, 1941). H. Protrocha nesolitaria (Caldwell, 1945). I. Protrocha nigrilutea sp. nov. J. Protrocha punctatosa sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050067/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 26A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9B5F28A6AB948D437BFE61" blockId="4.[189,1399,471,709]" lastBlockId="5.[189,1399,265,473]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
MALE TERMINALIA. Pygofer (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A41D948D4367FE49" box="[523,614,471,497]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
) with anterior margin deeply concave; posterior margin with dorsal third rounded, middle third concave, ventral third wide and rounded. Connective (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A2B394A04402FDAD" box="[1189,1283,506,533]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
) inverted Y-shaped, with support bridge with dorsal flap. Style (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A55597444288FD80" box="[835,905,542,568]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
C–D) hook-like; anterior portion pointed; dorsal margin with slight protuberance on median third (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A596971B42E5FDE3" box="[896,996,577,603]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
); caudal portion strongly curved anterodorsally in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A43D973E4389FDC6" box="[555,648,612,638]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
) and mesad in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A5CA973E453AFDC6" box="[988,1083,612,638]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
); ventral margin (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A306973E446FFDC6" box="[1296,1390,612,638]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
) truncate between anterior and middle portion, irregularly rounded posteriorly; middle portion longer than high, setose; apex serrated (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A7E897F0435DFD7D" box="[510,604,682,709]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Phallobase (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9B5F29A4E897F04240FD7D" box="[766,833,682,709]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E–H) sclerotized, symmetrical, with two defined lobes; apex with pair of lobes fused in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9A5F28A50294534259FE9B" box="[788,856,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E–F) and rounded in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9A5F28A2F19453442DFE9B" box="[1255,1324,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
G–H); sides expanded and rounded at half-length of aedeagus in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9A5F28A21494774548FEF0" box="[1026,1097,301,328]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E–F); with dorsal process near to apex in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9A5F28A41E9408434CFED4" box="[520,589,338,364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
G–H), surrounding almost all aedeagus length. Aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9A5F28A2E19408443AFED4" box="[1271,1339,338,364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E–F) apex narrow and open dorsally, with pair of aedeagal hooks, one curved to side of aedeagus and visible in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9A5F28A76694C140B5FE0D" box="[368,436,411,437]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E–F), another visible in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9A5F28A57394C142A9FE0D" box="[869,936,411,437]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-192@4.[189,1398,773,1889]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Male terminalia of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945 (INHS). A. Pygofer, lateral view. B. Connective, anterior view. C–D. Style. C. Dorsal view. D. Lateral view. E–H. Phallus. E–F. Dorsal view. G–H. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
G–H) and curved ventrally to other side of aedeagus. Suspensorium V-shaped.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="90B789C1FF9B5F29A6AB92D243E7F851" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050013" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4050013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" startId="4.[189,232,1928,1954]" targetBox="[204,1375,809,1851]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9B5F29A6AB92D243E7F851" blockId="4.[189,1398,1928,2025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9B5F29A6AB92D2400CF81A" bold="true" box="[189,269,1928,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
Male terminalia of
<taxonomicName id="03C8A2CAFF9B5F29A41492D242B9F81B" authority="Caldwell, 1945" authorityName="Caldwell" authorityYear="1945" box="[514,952,1928,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Caliscelidae" genus="Aphelonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevata">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9B5F29A41492D243F9F81A" box="[514,760,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Aphelonema brevata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A059A4B8FF9B5F29A51792D242B9F81B" author="Caldwell" box="[769,952,1928,1955]" firstAuthor="Caldwell" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" pagination="89 - 120" refId="ref20494" refString="Caldwell J. S. 1945. Notes on Issidae from Mexico. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 38: 89 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 38.1.89" type="journal article" year="1945">Caldwell, 1945</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(INHS).
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9B5F29A23D92D24541F81A" bold="true" box="[1067,1088,1928,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
. Pygofer, lateral view.
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9B5F29A34A92D24471F81A" bold="true" box="[1372,1392,1928,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">B</emphasis>
. Connective, anterior view.
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9B5F29A41492F1433AF87D" bold="true" box="[514,571,1963,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">C–D</emphasis>
. Style.
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9B5F29A48D92F143B1F87D" bold="true" box="[667,688,1963,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">C</emphasis>
. Dorsal view.
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9B5F29A57592F14279F87D" bold="true" box="[867,888,1963,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">D</emphasis>
. Lateral view.
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9B5F29A22692F14568F87D" bold="true" box="[1072,1129,1963,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">E–H</emphasis>
. Phallus.
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9B5F29A2F492F14417F87D" bold="true" box="[1250,1302,1963,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">E–F</emphasis>
. Dorsal view.
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9B5F29A7159294403EF850" bold="true" box="[259,319,1998,2024]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">G–H</emphasis>
. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="8CD28AC2FF9A5F28A6AB975845A1FBB9" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9A5F28A6AB9758402EFDA4" blockId="5.[189,303,514,540]" box="[189,303,514,540]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
<heading id="9F3F6E25FF9A5F28A6AB9758402EFDA4" bold="true" box="[189,303,514,540]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" reason="3">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9A5F28A6AB9758402EFDA4" bold="true" box="[189,303,514,540]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C477D949FF9A5F28A6AB976B45A1FBB9" blockId="5.[189,1399,561,1025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
This species was originally placed in
<taxonomicName id="03C8A2CAFF9A5F28A499976B4223FDF3" authorityName="Uhler" authorityYear="1876" box="[655,802,561,587]" class="Insecta" family="Caliscelidae" genus="Aphelonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9A5F28A499976B4223FDF3" box="[655,802,561,587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Aphelonema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but later transferred to
<taxonomicName id="03C8A2CAFF9A5F28A25A976B45C3FDF3" authorityName="Emeljanov" authorityYear="1996" box="[1100,1218,561,587]" class="Insecta" family="Issidae" genus="Protrocha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9A5F28A25A976B45C3FDF3" box="[1100,1218,561,587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Protrocha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="A059A4B8FF9A5F28A2E1976B400EFDC9" author="Emeljanov" firstAuthor="Emeljanov" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" pagination="993 - 994" refId="ref20731" refString="Emeljanov A. F. 1996. A new genus Chirodisca gen. n. and new subgenera of the genus Aphelonema Uhl. (Homoptera, Fulgoroidea, Issidae). Entomologicheskoe obozrenie 75: 834 - 835. [English translation published in Entomological Review 76: 993 - 994.]" type="journal article" year="1996">Emeljanov (1996)</bibRefCitation>
. However, the species treated herein shares more characteristics of
<taxonomicName id="03C8A2CAFF9A5F28A228970C45D0FDC8" authorityName="Uhler" authorityYear="1876" box="[1086,1233,598,624]" class="Insecta" family="Caliscelidae" genus="Aphelonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F6BC055BFF9A5F28A228970C45D0FDC8" box="[1086,1233,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Aphelonema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, according to the diagnostic features given by
<bibRefCitation id="A059A4B8FF9A5F28A42E97204205FD2C" author="Emeljanov" box="[568,772,634,660]" firstAuthor="Emeljanov" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" pagination="993 - 994" refId="ref20731" refString="Emeljanov A. F. 1996. A new genus Chirodisca gen. n. and new subgenera of the genus Aphelonema Uhl. (Homoptera, Fulgoroidea, Issidae). Entomologicheskoe obozrenie 75: 834 - 835. [English translation published in Entomological Review 76: 993 - 994.]" type="journal article" year="1996">Emeljanov (1996</bibRefCitation>
, see Discussion), such as (1) lateral lobe of pronotum with no fewer than two, but usually with three or more sensory pits (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9A5F28A21D97C54568FD01" box="[1035,1129,671,697]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
); (2) sides of frons in upper half with two parallel rows of sensory pits (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9A5F28A51A97994269FD65" box="[780,872,707,733]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1962,1988]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,1440,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-400@3.[189,1398,1434,1923]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus of Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945, ♂ (INHS). A. Frontal view. B. Dorsal view. C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050011/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
); and (3) abdomen with sensory pits aligned in one row and with an isolated pair of ventral sensory pits (
<figureCitation id="5CF3C5CCFF9A5F28A58497B24503FCBB" box="[914,1026,744,771]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[286,1299,299,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-101@37.[251,1337,265,1783]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 26. Scheme of lateral abdominal sensory pit arrangement of Caliscelidae. Roman numerals refers to abdominal tergite number and sensory pits below the dashed line are the isolated ones. A. Aphelonema brevata Caldwell, 1945. B. Bruchomorpha decorata Metcalf, 1923. C. Bruchomorpha mormo Kirkaldy, 1907. D. Bruchomorpha pseudodorsata sp. nov. E. Fitchiella brachyrhina sp. nov. F. Fitchiella zahniseri sp. nov. G. Nenema virgata (Doering, 1941). H. Protrocha nesolitaria (Caldwell, 1945). I. Protrocha nigrilutea sp. nov. J. Protrocha punctatosa sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4050067" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4050067/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">Fig. 26A</figureCitation>
). Based on this combination of characters we propose that this species returns to its original combination. Its original description is short, includes only a superficial illustration of the male terminalia, and does not include information about abdominal sensory pits or female terminalia. The single male specimen at hand was identified based on the original description, illustrations of male terminalia made by
<bibRefCitation id="A059A4B8FF9A5F28A5D796234584FC2C" author="Caldwell" box="[961,1157,889,916]" firstAuthor="Caldwell" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" pagination="89 - 120" refId="ref20494" refString="Caldwell J. S. 1945. Notes on Issidae from Mexico. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 38: 89 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 38.1.89" type="journal article" year="1945">Caldwell (1945)</bibRefCitation>
, and photographs of the head, thorax and male terminalia of the
<typeStatus id="1B7367EBFF9A5F28A4D196C44233FC00" box="[711,818,926,952]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. However, the abdomen of the
<typeStatus id="1B7367EBFF9A5F28A2B096C4440CFC00" box="[1190,1293,926,952]" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was lost so redescription of the distribution of sensory pits on this structure was based on the specimen at hand. Unfortunately, the anal tube of the studied specimen was damaged during dissection.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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