treatments-xml/data/03/92/87/039287D5FFD1971B5E251E07FB826D2C.xml
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<document id="AE2598C7293C032F6E6F2370012B7FFE" ID-CLB-Dataset="92002" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.801.1685" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9e07b749-7497-4b4e-8168-2aca6a9543b2" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6358810" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1647349194074" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Block, Petra De" docDate="2022" docId="039287D5FFD1971B5E251E07FB826D2C" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-801_1-99.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 801" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.801.1685" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Paracephaelis aristata De Block 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFABFFADFFC797035C021D07FF82686F" masterDocTitle="Monograph of the western Indian Ocean genus Paracephaelis (Rubiaceae - Pavetteae), with description of thirteen new species" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1699318063375" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5FF1D18378A9EE958309B61A14567FA1">Monograph of the western Indian Ocean genus Paracephaelis (Rubiaceae - Pavetteae), with description of thirteen new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BBDC07321DC613689DDB6AC375A7FEC5">Block, Petra De</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9FE264DB207338B29E1B1594BB6F4B6A">Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, BE- 1860 Meise, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2B91431C7A806F0EAD4888A0ECBABB5A" type="email">petra.deblock@meisebotanicgarden.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="838C05D03E35EDE79808197E459BF800">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CC406E7ADD2B7F92B8C61C7D2FE58B93">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="282F9FAE106EEF3C8F4E4969C90928A4">2022-03-10</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039287D5FFD1971B5E251E07FB826D2C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358778" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196732170" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6358778" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFD1971B5E251E07FB826D2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287D5FFD1971B5E251E07FB826D2C" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFD197155E251E07FB8F6B74" box="[551,1037,768,795]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD197155E251E07FB8F6B74" blockId="22.[551,1037,768,866]" box="[551,1037,768,795]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFD197155E251E07FB8F6B74" box="[551,1037,768,795]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FFD197155E251E07FC296B75" authority="De Block" authorityName="De Block" authorityYear="2022" box="[551,939,768,795]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD197155E251E07FCB66B75" bold="true" box="[551,820,768,795]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paracephaelis aristata</emphasis>
De Block
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C57AAFFD197155FB11E06FB8F6B74" box="[947,1037,769,795]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFD197155E451E23FCBE6B0D" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD197155E451E23FC6F6B51" blockId="22.[551,1037,768,866]" box="[583,1005,804,830]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77260704-1</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD197155EF51E40FCBE6B0D" blockId="22.[551,1037,768,866]" box="[759,828,839,866]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<figureCitation id="13002A46FFD197155EF51E40FCBE6B0D" box="[759,828,839,866]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="23.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[200,1390,710,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-84@23.[189,1398,676,1924]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Fig. 5. Paracephaelis aristata De Block sp. nov. A. Fruiting branch. B. Leaf base and tip. C. Stipule. D. Bracteole, ovary and calyx. E. Fruit. Drawn by Mr A. Fernandez. From Rabenantoandro et al. 115." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358826" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6358826/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFD197155CBF1E8EFAB46C75" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD197155CBF1E8EFEB46BCC" blockId="22.[189,310,905,931]" box="[189,310,905,931]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFD197155CBF1E8EFEB46BCC" bold="true" box="[189,310,905,931]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD197155CBF1E8EFEB46BCC" bold="true" box="[189,310,905,931]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD197155CBF1EBFFAB46C75" blockId="22.[189,1398,952,1050]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Differing from
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FFD197155D751EBFFD136BBD" box="[375,657,952,978]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saxatilis">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD197155D751EBFFD136BBD" box="[375,657,952,978]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paracephaelis saxatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having narrowly obovate leaves (vs elliptic, ovate, rarely obovate or orbiculate), longer and oblong calyx lobes in flowering stage (
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vs
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long and triangular), and glabrous inner calyx surfaces (vs densely covered with long appressed hairs).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFD197155CBF1947FC8E6CE5" box="[189,780,1088,1162]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD197155CBF1947FEC66C35" blockId="22.[189,324,1088,1114]" box="[189,324,1088,1114]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFD197155CBF1947FEC66C35" bold="true" box="[189,324,1088,1114]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD197155CBF1947FEC66C35" bold="true" box="[189,324,1088,1114]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD197155CBF1968FC8E6CE5" blockId="22.[189,780,1135,1162]" box="[189,780,1135,1162]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">The specific epithet refers to the aristate leaf apex.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFD197155CBF19B6FB656D2E" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD197155CBF19B6FEEE6CA4" bold="true" box="[189,364,1201,1227]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<typeStatus id="54808861FFD197155CBF19B6FF786CA4" box="[189,250,1201,1227]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD197155CBF19E7FB656D2E" blockId="22.[189,1398,1247,1345]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFFD197155CBF19E7FE246D2E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276758" collectingDate="1999-06-07" collectingDateMax="1999-06-10" collectingDateMin="1999-06-07" collectionCode="MO" collectorName="Rabenantoandro &amp; Randrihasipara &amp; Ramisy" country="Madagascar" elevation="297" location="Taolagnaro District" municipality="Ambatorongorongo" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="BR000000906218, P00274306" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F32C7653FFD197155CBF19E7FE1B6C95" box="[189,409,1248,1274]" name="Madagascar" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD197155DBD19D8FBE56C96" bold="true" box="[447,1127,1247,1274]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FFD197155DBD19D8FD1A6C96" box="[447,664,1247,1273]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Toliara Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FFD197155EA419D8FCDE6C96" box="[678,860,1247,1273]" country="Madagascar" name="Anosy Region" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Anosy Region</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE46018FFD197155F6919E7FBE56C96" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFD1971B5E251E07FB826D2C:8EE46018FFD197155F6919E7FBE56C96" box="[875,1127,1247,1274]" country="Madagascar" municipality="Ambatorongorongo" name="Taolagnaro District" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Toliara Province">Taolagnaro District</location>
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACB9FFD19715588019E7FAF06C95" box="[1154,1394,1248,1274]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ambatorongorongo</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
<location id="8EE46018FFD197155D531804FE4D6D72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287D5FFD1971B5E251E07FB826D2C:8EE46018FFD197155D531804FE4D6D72" box="[337,463,1283,1309]" country="Madagascar" municipality="Ambatorongorongo" name="Sarisambo" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Toliara Province">Sarisambo</location>
;
<elevation id="0016D1F0FFD197155DDB1804FDDF6D72" box="[473,605,1283,1310]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="297.0">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD197155DDB1804FDA26D71" box="[473,544,1283,1310]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="297.0">297 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="FF851003FFD197155E6A1804FC9B6D72" box="[616,793,1283,1310]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1999-06-07" valueMax="1999-06-10" valueMin="1999-06-07">
<collectingDate id="EFC1E9EBFFD197155E6A1804FC9B6D72" box="[616,793,1283,1310]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1999-06-07" valueMax="1999-06-10" valueMin="1999-06-07">710 Jun. 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
; fr;
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD197155F461804FAEC6D72" box="[836,1390,1283,1309]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFD197155F461804FB8A6D72" box="[836,1032,1283,1309]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Rabenantoandro</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFD1971558101804FB4B6D72" box="[1042,1225,1283,1309]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Randrihasipara</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26CE5315FFD1971558E91803FAC26D72" box="[1259,1344,1284,1309]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ramisy</collectorName>
115
</emphasis>
;
<typeStatus id="54808861FFD197155CBF1821FEAA6D2F" box="[189,296,1318,1344]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE06FFD197155D311820FEE06D2E" box="[307,354,1319,1345]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
scan;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B533C9EFFD197155DAF1821FB616D2E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3856276588" box="[429,1251,1318,1345]" collectingDate="1999-06-07" collectingDateMax="1999-06-10" collectingDateMin="1999-06-07" collectionCode="MO" collectorName="Rabenantoandro &amp; Randrihasipara &amp; Ramisy" country="Madagascar" elevation="297" location="Taolagnaro District" municipality="Ambatorongorongo" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="BR000000906218, P00274306" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara Province" typeStatus="isotype">isotypes: BR[BR000000906218], K n.v., P[P00274306] n.v., TAN n.v</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFD197145CBF186FFB026906" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<heading id="D0CC81AFFFD197155CBF186FFECC6DED" bold="true" box="[189,334,1384,1410]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD197155CBF186FFECC6DED" bold="true" box="[189,334,1384,1410]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD197145CBF1890FB026906" blockId="22.[189,1400,1431,2025]" lastBlockId="23.[189,1399,265,362]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Shrub, ca
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tall; pubescence tawny. Young shoots brownish, densely covered with ± short appressed hairs; older branches pale greyish or fawnish, glabrous; internodes short,
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD19715580118BCFBED6DBA" box="[1027,1135,1467,1493]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="cm" value="1.15" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.3">0.32 cm</quantity>
long. Petioles
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD19715591518BDFAF46DBA" box="[1303,1398,1466,1493]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">26 mm</quantity>
long, densely covered with ± short appressed hairs. Leaf blades narrowly obovate, (1.2)1.55.5 ×
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD19715594118D9FE926E73" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="cm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5 1.5 cm</quantity>
, thickly coriaceous, drying brown and not discolorous, upper surface glossy and glabrous, lower surface densely covered with long erect or spreading hairs (but ± appressed on midrib); base attenuate; tip shortly aristate; domatia absent; 47 secondary veins on each side of midrib, inconspicuous above, raised below; higher order venation inconspicuous on both surfaces. Stipules triangular with needle-like awn, outer surface densely covered with ± short appressed hairs, inner surface glabrous with row of colleters at the base; sheath
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long; awn
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD197155EF41BB4FCDB6EA2" box="[758,857,1715,1741]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">24 mm</quantity>
long. Inflorescences sessile, 12 ×
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, with (3)515 flowers; inflorescence parts densely covered with ± short appressed hairs; first order axes
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long; higher order bracts with stipular parts reduced or absent, foliar parts narrowly triangular and vaulted,
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long, or, linear leaf-like, up to
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD197155F1D1A1AFCF36F57" box="[799,881,1821,1848]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
long; bracteoles on pedicel just below ovary, opposite, stipular parts absent, foliar parts narrowly triangular,
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD197155F9F1A47FC7C6F34" box="[925,1022,1856,1883]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">35 mm</quantity>
long, tips acute. Flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate, pedicels
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD197155E2C1A63FD126F11" box="[558,656,1892,1918]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.0">03 mm</quantity>
long (in fruiting stage). Calyx densely covered with appressed to spreading hairs outside, inner surface glabrous; tube ca
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD197155F6E1A8FFC2D6FCD" box="[876,943,1928,1954]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long in flowering stage, ca
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD1971558F51A8FFAB96FCD" box="[1271,1339,1928,1954]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long in fruiting stage; lobes oblong, often somewhat unequal in length,
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD197155FD81AACFBD16FAA" box="[986,1107,1963,1990]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.53 mm</quantity>
long in flowering stage,
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD197155CBF1AC9FE996F86" box="[189,283,1998,2025]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">45 mm</quantity>
long in fruiting stage, tips rounded with small acumen. Mature corolla, stamens, style and stigma unknown. Ovary
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD097145D851C0EFE7C694C" box="[391,510,265,292]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.52 mm</quantity>
long, densely covered with spreading hairs; per locule 610 ovules arranged at periphery of placenta attached to upper half of septum. Fruits spherical, ca
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD0971458311C2BFBEE6928" box="[1075,1132,300,327]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
in diam., glossy (when dried), densely covered with spreading hairs. Mature pyrenes and seeds unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFD097145CBF1C97FEBD6992" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD097145CBF1C97FED469C5" blockId="23.[189,342,400,426]" box="[189,342,400,426]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFD097145CBF1C97FED469C5" bold="true" box="[189,342,400,426]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD097145CBF1C97FED469C5" bold="true" box="[189,342,400,426]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD097145CBF1CB8FEBD6992" blockId="23.[187,1398,447,509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Only known from Ambatorongorongo Mountain in Taolagnaro District, Anosy Region (
<collectingRegion id="49FFF821FFD0971458A91CB8FAED69B5" box="[1195,1391,447,474]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Toliara Province</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="13002A46FFD097145CC61CE5FEB06992" box="[196,306,482,509]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="88.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[390,1182,270,1707]" captionTargetId="figure-11@88.[363,1224,265,1712]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="Fig. 23. Distribution maps of Malagasy species of Paracephaelis. A. P. aristata De Block sp. nov. (black dot), P. bardotiae De Block sp. nov. (blue dot), P. capitulifera De Block sp. nov. (green dot), P. gautieri De Block sp. nov. (red dot), and P. grandifructa De Block sp. nov. (yellow dot). B. P. cinerea (A.Rich. ex DC.) De Block (black dot). C. P. longipedicellata De Block sp. nov. (black dot), P. orientalis De Block sp. nov. (blue dot), P. pauciflora De Block sp. nov. (green dot), P. ranirisonii De Block sp. nov. (red dot), and P. seyrigii De Block sp. nov. (yellow dot). D. P. russata De Block sp. nov. (black dot), P. sambavensis De Block sp. nov. (blue dot), P. saxatilis (Scott Elliot) De Block (green dot), P. sericea (Arènes) De Block (red dot), and P. tiliacea Baill. (yellow dot)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6358868/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 23A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFD097145CBF1F23FC746A02" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD097145CBF1F23FE5E6A51" blockId="23.[189,476,548,574]" box="[189,476,548,574]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFD097145CBF1F23FE5E6A51" bold="true" box="[189,476,548,574]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD097145CBF1F23FE5E6A51" bold="true" box="[189,476,548,574]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Habitat and phenology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD097145CBF1F55FC746A02" blockId="23.[189,1014,594,621]" box="[189,1014,594,621]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Low-elevation forest; elev. ca
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD4AFFD097145E231F54FDF06A02" box="[545,626,595,621]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFD097145E231F54FDEC6A02" box="[545,622,595,621]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
Flowers: unknown; Fruits: June.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF44664BFFD097145CBF1AACFAEE6F87" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358826" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6358826" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6358826/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" startId="23.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[200,1390,710,1889]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFD097145CBF1AACFAEE6F87" blockId="23.[189,1399,1963,2025]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD097145CBF1AACFE8E6FAA" bold="true" box="[189,268,1963,1989]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FFD097145D171AACFD1E6FAA" authority="De Block" authorityName="De Block" authorityYear="2022" box="[277,668,1963,1990]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD097145D171AACFDA06FAA" box="[277,546,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Paracephaelis aristata</emphasis>
De Block
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C57AAFFD097145EA71AABFC836FA9" box="[677,769,1964,1990]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD097145F0A1AACFC9F6FAA" bold="true" box="[776,797,1963,1989]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A</emphasis>
. Fruiting branch.
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD097145FF71AACFB8B6FAA" bold="true" box="[1013,1033,1963,1989]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B</emphasis>
. Leaf base and tip.
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD0971458F51AACFA8E6FAA" bold="true" box="[1271,1292,1963,1989]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C</emphasis>
. Stipule.
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD097145CBF1AC9FF506F87" bold="true" box="[189,210,1998,2024]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D</emphasis>
. Bracteole, ovary and calyx.
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFD097145E281AC9FDBC6F87" bold="true" box="[554,574,1998,2024]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">E</emphasis>
. Fruit. Drawn by Mr A. Fernandez. From Rabenantoandro et al. 115.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFDF971B5CBF1C0EFD0A693D" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFDF971B5CBF1C0EFE16694C" blockId="24.[189,404,265,291]" box="[189,404,265,291]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFDF971B5CBF1C0EFE16694C" bold="true" box="[189,404,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B5CBF1C0EFE16694C" bold="true" box="[189,404,265,291]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Vernacular name</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFDF971B5CBF1C30FD0A693D" blockId="24.[189,648,311,338]" box="[189,648,311,338]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Mantsaka (
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B5D421C30FDFA693D" box="[320,632,311,338]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Rabenantoandro et al. 115</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3216548FFDF971B5CBF1C7EFB826D2C" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFDF971B5CBF1C7EFDAF69FC" blockId="24.[189,557,377,403]" box="[189,557,377,403]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFDF971B5CBF1C7EFDAF69FC" bold="true" box="[189,557,377,403]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B5CBF1C7EFDAF69FC" bold="true" box="[189,557,377,403]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Provisional IUCN assessment</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFDF971B5CBF1CAFFED06CC0" blockId="24.[187,1400,424,1199]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Critically Endangered: CR B2ab(iii).
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FFDF971B5E8F1CAFFC2669AD" authority="Block, 2022" authorityName="De Block" authorityYear="2022" box="[653,932,424,450]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B5E8F1CAFFC2669AD" box="[653,932,424,450]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paracephaelis aristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C57AAFFDF971B5FAC1CAEFB8C69AC" box="[942,1038,425,451]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is only known from a single collection, which means that the extent of occurrence (EOO) cannot be calculated. The area of occupancy (AOO) is
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFDF971B5D2F1CF7FEE56A65" box="[301,359,496,522]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C4E9B8BFFDF971B5D6B1CE8FEF06992" attach="right" box="[361,370,495,509]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">2</superScript>
, which complies with the Critically Endangered category under criterion B2. The species occurs in a single location, which complies with the Critically Endangered category under subcriterion a of criterion B2. The only material was collected in 1999 on Ambatorongorongo Mountain, located ca
<quantity id="4CC39B26FFDF971B5CBF1F5DFE876A1A" box="[189,261,602,629]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
W-SW of Taolagnaro. This isolated mountain close to Ranopiso can be viewed as the southernmost extension of the Anosyennes Mountains (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FFDF971B5E9D1F79FB8E6AF7" author="Nussbaum R. A. &amp; Raxworthy C. J." box="[671,1036,638,664]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="319 - 325" refId="ref69534" refString="Nussbaum R. A. &amp; Raxworthy C. J. 1994. A new species of Uroplatus Dumeril (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) from southern Madagascar. Herpetologica 50: 319 - 325. Available from https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 3892705 [accessed 1 Jul. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1994">Nussbaum &amp; Raxworthy 1994</bibRefCitation>
). In south-eastern
<collectingCountry id="F32C7653FFDF971B58E11F79FAF16AF7" box="[1251,1395,638,664]" name="Madagascar" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, littoral, lowland, and montane humid, as well as dry forest come together (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FFDF971B58411FA5FACA6AD3" author="Goodman S. M. &amp; Pidgeon M. &amp; Hawkins A. F. A. &amp; Schulenberg T. S." box="[1091,1352,674,700]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref68080" refString="Goodman S. M., Pidgeon M., Hawkins A. F. A. &amp; Schulenberg T. S. 1997. The birds of southeastern Madagascar. Fieldiana: Zoology (new series) 87: 1 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 3415" type="journal article" year="1997">
Goodman
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B58C61FA4FB7D6AD3" box="[1220,1279,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
). In between those different forest
<typeStatus id="54808861FFDF971B5E281FC1FDE96A8F" box="[554,619,710,736]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">types</typeStatus>
, transitional forests with intermediate characteristics exist. These forests have a high conservation priority (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FFDF971B5E9F1FEEFC3D6B6C" author="Nicoll M. E. &amp; Langrand O." box="[669,959,745,771]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref69502" refString="Nicoll M. E. &amp; Langrand O. 1989. Madagascar: Revue de la Conservation et des Aires protegees. World Wide Fund for Nature, Gland, Switzerland." type="book" year="1989">Nicoll &amp; Langrand 1989</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FFDF971B5FC81FEEFB406B6C" author="Ganzhorn J. U. &amp; Rakotosamimanana B. &amp; Hannah L. &amp; Hough J. &amp; Iyer L. &amp; Olivieri S. &amp; Rajaobelina S. &amp; Rodstrom C. &amp; Tilkin G." box="[970,1218,745,771]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 81" refId="ref67964" refString="Ganzhorn J. U., Rakotosamimanana B., Hannah L., Hough J., Iyer L., Olivieri S., Rajaobelina S., Rodstrom C. &amp; Tilkin G. 1997. Priorities for biodiversity conservation in Madagascar. Primate Report 48: 1 - 81." type="book chapter" year="1997">
Ganzhorn
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B58461FEDFBFF6B6C" box="[1092,1149,745,771]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
). The Ranopiso region hosts many endemic species of reptiles and amphibians (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FFDF971B5FA41E0AFB206B48" author="Ganzhorn J. U. &amp; Rakotosamimanana B. &amp; Hannah L. &amp; Hough J. &amp; Iyer L. &amp; Olivieri S. &amp; Rajaobelina S. &amp; Rodstrom C. &amp; Tilkin G." box="[934,1186,781,807]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 81" refId="ref67964" refString="Ganzhorn J. U., Rakotosamimanana B., Hannah L., Hough J., Iyer L., Olivieri S., Rajaobelina S., Rodstrom C. &amp; Tilkin G. 1997. Priorities for biodiversity conservation in Madagascar. Primate Report 48: 1 - 81." type="book chapter" year="1997">
Ganzhorn
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B58261E09FBDD6B48" box="[1060,1119,781,807]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
) and the forest on Ambatorongorongo Mountain is known for its high species richness and local endemism for lemurs, amphibians, and reptiles (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FFDF971B5DEF1E53FCB56B01" author="Ramanamanjato J. - B. &amp; Mcintyre P. B. &amp; Nussbaum R. A." box="[493,823,852,878]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1791 - 1807" refId="ref70152" refString="Ramanamanjato J. - B., Mcintyre P. B. &amp; Nussbaum R. A. 2002. Reptile, amphibian, and lemur diversity of the Malahelo Forest, a biogeographical transition zone in southeastern Madagascar. Biodiversity and Conservation 11: 1791 - 1807. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / a: 1020325415489" type="journal article" year="2002">
Ramanamanjato
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B5EB71E52FD6D6B01" box="[693,751,852,878]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
). It is highly likely that the same is true for plant species. At least one other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FFDF971B5E961E7FFC906BFD" box="[660,786,888,914]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
is only known from Ambatorongorongo, notably
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FFDF971B5CBF1E9CFD656BDA" authority="Ruhsam &amp; A. P. Davis" authorityName="Ruhsam &amp; A. P. Davis" box="[189,743,923,950]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Flagenium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B5CBF1E9CFE6B6BDA" box="[189,489,923,949]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Flagenium pedunculatum</emphasis>
Ruhsam &amp; A.P.Davis
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FFDF971B5EF71E9CFB846BD9" author="Ruhsam M. &amp; Davis A. P." box="[757,1030,923,950]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="557 - 570" refId="ref70521" refString="Ruhsam M. &amp; Davis A. P. 2007. A taxonomic revision of the genus Flagenium Baill. (Rubiaceae - Octotropideae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 155: 557 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.2007.00714. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Ruhsam &amp; Davis 2007</bibRefCitation>
). Ambatorongorongo Mountain and surrounding regions were once completely forested but the ever-increasing human pressure resulted in destruction and degradation of the forests to a point where now only isolated forest patches remain in between rice paddies, fields, and lands used for pasturage (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FFDF971B5F6D1901FB396C4E" author="Ramanamanjato J. - B. &amp; Mcintyre P. B. &amp; Nussbaum R. A." box="[879,1211,1030,1057]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1791 - 1807" refId="ref70152" refString="Ramanamanjato J. - B., Mcintyre P. B. &amp; Nussbaum R. A. 2002. Reptile, amphibian, and lemur diversity of the Malahelo Forest, a biogeographical transition zone in southeastern Madagascar. Biodiversity and Conservation 11: 1791 - 1807. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / a: 1020325415489" type="journal article" year="2002">
Ramanamanjato
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B583A1900FBF16C4F" box="[1080,1139,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
). The forests on Ambatorongorongo Mountain are not protected but are of a high conservation priority (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B32FFDF971B58B4192DFEC16C07" author="Ramanamanjato J. - B. &amp; Mcintyre P. B. &amp; Nussbaum R. A." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1791 - 1807" refId="ref70152" refString="Ramanamanjato J. - B., Mcintyre P. B. &amp; Nussbaum R. A. 2002. Reptile, amphibian, and lemur diversity of the Malahelo Forest, a biogeographical transition zone in southeastern Madagascar. Biodiversity and Conservation 11: 1791 - 1807. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / a: 1020325415489" type="journal article" year="2002">
Ramanamanjato
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B5CBE1948FF786C07" box="[188,250,1102,1128]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
). Since
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D40FFDF971B5DA71949FD376C07" authority="Block, 2022" authorityName="De Block" authorityYear="2022" box="[421,693,1102,1128]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Paracephaelis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B5DA71949FD376C07" box="[421,693,1102,1128]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paracephaelis aristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C57AAFFDF971B5EBC1949FC996C07" box="[702,795,1102,1128]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is only known from this one location outside of a protected area in a region where deforestation continues even now, the species is assessed as Critically Endangered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFDF971B5CBF19D0FF7A6C9E" blockId="24.[189,248,1239,1265]" box="[189,248,1239,1265]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0CC81AFFFDF971B5CBF19D0FF7A6C9E" bold="true" box="[189,248,1239,1265]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B5CBF19D0FF7A6C9E" bold="true" box="[189,248,1239,1265]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Note</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436C3FFDF971B5CBF1801FB826D2C" blockId="24.[189,1399,1286,1348]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
This species is only known from the
<typeStatus id="54808861FFDF971B5E891801FD416D4F" box="[651,707,1286,1312]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
. Flowers have not been collected. Label information on
<emphasis id="B94FEAD1FFDF971B5CBF182EFE776D2B" box="[189,501,1321,1348]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Rabenantoandro et al. 115</emphasis>
indicates the habitat as “forêt de transition”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>