205 lines
23 KiB
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205 lines
23 KiB
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<mods:title id="B57535AFB9AF229CF926F7D9F3DC51EE">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="58E71E600658A49383DFF13B635BE131">Ebert, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="42AF8DB362BB42090D4EF604C50CD7E4">Wintner, Sabine P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3199F392FE85E50778AF5FC2C6A05D41">Kyne, Peter M.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="039287A19543FFA4CFF758F7FDEB2563" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693817" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181006799" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4693817" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A19543FFA4CFF758F7FDEB2563" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287A19543FFA4CFF758F7FDEB2563" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9543FFA4CFF758F7FEC22357" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79543FFA4CFF758F7FD98237B" blockId="42.[151,1437,762,1293]" box="[151,609,762,789]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0CC81DB9543FFA4CFF758F7FD98237B" bold="true" box="[151,609,762,789]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349543FFA4CFF758F7FD98237B" ID-CoL="T72Q" ID-ENA="57982" authority="(Gunnerus, 1765)" baseAuthorityName="Gunnerus" baseAuthorityYear="1765" box="[151,609,762,789]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Cetorhinidae" genus="Cetorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maximus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CFF758F7FD98237B" bold="true" box="[151,609,762,789]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CFF758F7FE70237B" bold="true" box="[151,393,762,789]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cetorhinus maximus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CEF958F7FDA1237B" author="Gunnerus" box="[409,600,762,788]" firstAuthor="Gunnerus" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="33 - 49" refId="ref103926" refString="Gunnerus, J. E. (1765) Brugden (Squalus maximus). Det Trondhiemske Selskabs Skrifter, 3, 33 - 49." type="journal article" year="1765">Gunnerus, 1765</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79543FFA4CFF75913FEC22357" blockId="42.[151,1437,762,1293]" box="[151,315,798,824]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Basking Shark</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9543FFA4CFF7594FFBE2245B" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79543FFA4CFF7594FFB252332" blockId="42.[151,1437,762,1293]" box="[151,1244,834,861]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69543FFA4CFF7594FFDB82333" author="Gunnerus, J. E." box="[151,577,834,861]" page="33" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" year="1765">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349543FFA4CFF7594FFDB82333" ID-CoL="6ZFMP" authority="Gunnerus, 1765: 33" authorityName="Gunnerus" authorityPageNumber="33" authorityYear="1765" box="[151,577,834,861]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Cetorhinidae" genus="Squalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maximus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CFF7594FFEA22333" box="[151,347,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Squalus maximus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CE01594FFDB82333" author="Gunnerus" box="[353,577,834,861]" firstAuthor="Gunnerus" page="33" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="33 - 49" refId="ref103926" refString="Gunnerus, J. E. (1765) Brugden (Squalus maximus). Det Trondhiemske Selskabs Skrifter, 3, 33 - 49." type="journal article" year="1765">Gunnerus, 1765: 33</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 2. No known
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<typeStatus id="548088159543FFA4CC69594EFCB12332" box="[777,840,835,861]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">types</typeStatus>
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.
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<typeStatus id="548088159543FFA4CC32594EFC732332" box="[850,906,835,861]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<location id="8EE4606C9543FFA4CC93594FFB882333" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A19543FFA4CFF758F7FDEB2563:8EE4606C9543FFA4CC93594FFB882333" box="[1011,1137,834,860]" country="Norway" name="Trondheim" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Trondheim</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32C76279543FFA4CB1C594EFB212332" box="[1148,1240,835,861]" name="Norway" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Norway</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79543FFA4CFF7596BFBE2245B" blockId="42.[151,1437,762,1293]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CFF7596BFEA323EF" bold="true" box="[151,346,870,896]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Local synonymy</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349543FFA4CE09596BFCD423EF" ID-CoL="T72Q" authority=": Barnard, 1925: 34" authorityName="Barnard" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1925" box="[361,813,870,897]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Cetorhinidae" genus="Cetorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maximus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CE09596BFDA023EF" box="[361,601,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cetorhinus maximus:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CD00596BFCD423EF" author="Barnard" box="[608,813,870,897]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="34" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 418" refId="ref92438" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418." type="journal article" year="1925">Barnard, 1925: 34</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 1, 1a, pl. 2;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CC8B596BFB4823EF" author="Barnard" box="[1003,1201,870,896]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="43" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="41 - 67" refId="ref92612" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1937) Further notes on South African marine fishes. Annals of the South African Museum, 32, pt. 2 (6), 41 - 67." type="journal article" year="1937">Barnard 1937: 43</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 1, pls 6, 7;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CA07596AFE8423CB" author="Bass" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bass" page="31" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref93030" refString="Bass, A. J., D'Aubrey, J. D. & Kistnasamy, N. (1975 c) Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa. IV. The families Odontaspididae, Scapanorhynchidae, Isuridae, Cetorhinidae, Alopiidae, Orectolobidae and Rhiniodontidae. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 39, 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1975" yearSuffix="c">
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Bass et
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CF815987FF0723CB" box="[225,254,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">al.</emphasis>
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, 1975c: 31
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</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 16;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CE805987FD1023CB" author="Compagno" box="[480,745,906,932]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="234" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 250" refId="ref95434" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1984 a) FAO Species Catalogue. Sharks of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. Vol. 4. No. 125. Part 1. Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO, Rome, pp. 1 - 250." type="book chapter" year="1984" yearSuffix="a">Compagno, 1984a: 234</bibRefCitation>
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, fig.;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CC485986FC2423CB" author="Bass, A. J." box="[808,989,906,933]" editor="Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C." journalOrPublisher="Macmillan, Johannesburg" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref93212" refString="Bass, A. J. (1986) Families Chlamydoselachidae, Heterodontidae, Orectolobidae, Rhinicodontidae, Scyliorhinidae, Pseudotriakidae, Sphyrnidae, Lamnidae, Cetorhinidae, Alopiidae, Pseudocarchariidae, Squatinidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 47 - 48 + 64 - 66 + 87 - 102 + 103 + 107." title="Families Chlamydoselachidae, Heterodontidae, Orectolobidae, Rhinicodontidae, Scyliorhinidae, Pseudotriakidae, Sphyrnidae, Lamnidae, Cetorhinidae, Alopiidae, Pseudocarchariidae, Squatinidae" type="book" volumeTitle="Smith's Sea Fishes" year="1986">Bass, 1986: 101</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 15.1, pl. 2;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CBF55987FF1C23A7" author="Compagno" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
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Compagno
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CA775986FAB123CB" box="[1303,1352,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
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., 1989: 44
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</bibRefCitation>
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, pl.;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69543FFA4CE7A59A3FDED23A7" box="[282,532,942,968]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CE7A59A3FDED23A7" author="Compagno" box="[282,532,942,968]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="118" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref95720" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406" type="journal article" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 118</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CD7F59A3FCF523A7" author="Compagno" box="[543,780,942,968]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="91" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref95767" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (2001) Sharks of the World, an Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. Volume 2. Bullhead, Mackerel and Carpet Sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes). FAO, Rome, 269 pp." type="book" year="2001">Compagno, 2001: 91</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CC7859A3FBB623A7" author="Compagno" box="[792,1103,942,969]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="181" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref95897" refString="Compagno, L., Dando, M. & Fowler, S. (2005) Field Guide to the Sharks of the World. Harper Collins Publishers Ltd, London, 368 pp." type="book" year="2005">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69543FFA4CC7859A3FBE023A6" box="[792,1049,942,969]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Compagno
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CCF959A2FC3023A7" box="[921,969,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
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., 2005
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</treatmentCitation>
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: 181
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</bibRefCitation>
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, fig., pl. 28;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CBBB59A3FA6E23A6" author="Ebert D. A." box="[1243,1431,942,969]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref98340" refString="Ebert D. A. (2013) Deep-sea cartilaginous fishes of the Indian Ocean. Vol. 1. Sharks. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 8. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome, 256 pp." type="book" year="2013">Ebert, 2013: 158</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 190;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CE4C59DFFE0A2383" author="Ebert, D. A. & Fowler, S. & Compagno, L. J. V." box="[300,499,978,1005]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref99433" refString="Ebert, D. A., Fowler, S. & Compagno, L. J. V. (2013) Sharks of the World: A Fully Illustrated Guide to the Sharks of the World. Wild Nature Press, Plymouth, 528 pp." type="book" year="2013">
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Ebert
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CE1059DEFE5B2383" box="[368,418,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
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., 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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a: 222, fig., pl. 26; NPOA: 35;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CC2C59DFFB922383" author="Ebert & Dando" box="[844,1131,978,1004]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="73" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref99385" refString="Ebert, D. A. & Dando, M. (2014) On Board Guide for the Identification of Pelagic Sharks and Rays of the Western Indian Ocean. SmartFish Programme, FAO, Rome & Indian Ocean Commission, Port Louis, 109 pp." type="book" year="2014">Ebert & Dando, 2014: 73</bibRefCitation>
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, fig.;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CBCC59DFFA932382" author="Ebert, D. A." box="[1196,1386,978,1005]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref98428" refString="Ebert, D. A. (2015) Deep-sea cartilaginous fishes of the Southeastern Atlantic Ocean. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 9. FAO, Rome, 251 pp." type="book" year="2015">Ebert, 2015: 135</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 144; Ebert & Mostada, 2015: 12, fig.;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69543FFA4CD1059FBFC4E247E" box="[624,951,1014,1041]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CD1059FBFC4E247E" author="Ebert & van Hees" box="[624,951,1014,1041]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="145" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. & van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the " Lost Sharks " of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 145</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CCA259FBFB35247F" author="Compagno" box="[962,1228,1014,1040]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="1238" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref95819" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (2016) Sharks. In: Carpenter, K. E. & De Angelis, N. (Eds.), The Living Marine Resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 2. Bivalves, Gastropods, Hagfishes, Sharks, Batoid Fishes, and Chimaeras. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Rome, pp. 1122 - 1336." type="book" year="2016">Compagno, 2016: 1238</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69543FFA4CBB659FBFF0A245B" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CBB659FBFF0A245B" author="Weigmann, S." pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 849</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69543FFA4CF9E5E17FD04245B" box="[254,765,1050,1076]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349543FFA4CF9E5E17FD5C245B" ID-CoL="3JGGS" authority="Smith, 1949 a: 47" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1949" box="[254,677,1050,1076]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Cetorhinidae" genus="Halsydrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maximus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CF9E5E17FE25245B" box="[254,476,1050,1076]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Halsydrus maximus</emphasis>
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CE835E17FD5C245B" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[483,677,1050,1076]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref114538" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp." type="book" year="1949">Smith, 1949a: 47</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 23
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69543FFA4CC695E17FBEF245B" box="[777,1046,1050,1077]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469543FFA4CC695E17FC47245B" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[777,958,1050,1077]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref115700" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp." type="book" year="1965">Smith, 1965: 47</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 23
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9543FFA4CFF75E33FBCD2412" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79543FFA4CFF75E33FC7A2437" blockId="42.[151,1437,762,1293]" box="[151,899,1086,1113]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CFF75E33FDFB2437" bold="true" box="[151,514,1086,1112]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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|
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279543FFA4CFF75E33FED62437" box="[151,303,1086,1112]" name="South Africa" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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voucher material
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</emphasis>
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|
: Uncatalogued specimen at
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<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729543FFA4CC5F5E33FC862437" box="[831,895,1086,1112]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">SAM</collectionCode>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79543FFA4CFF75E6FFBCD2412" blockId="42.[151,1437,762,1293]" box="[151,1076,1122,1149]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CFF75E6FFE2A2413" bold="true" box="[151,467,1122,1148]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">South African distribution</emphasis>
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|
: The Orange River (NC) to Salt Rock, southern KZN.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9543FFA4CFF75E8BFDEB2563" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79543FFA4CFF75E8BFC562487" blockId="42.[151,1437,762,1293]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CFF75E8BFEFD24CF" bold="true" box="[151,260,1158,1184]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Remarks</emphasis>
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|
: Occasionally observed in the
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|
<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559543FFA4CD3A5E8AFD0A24CF" box="[602,755,1158,1185]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">western Cape</collectingRegion>
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|
, usually between Table
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559543FFA4CC9C5E8AFBD024CE" box="[1020,1065,1159,1185]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Bay</collectingRegion>
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|
and
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|
<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559543FFA4CB3E5E8BFB6124CF" box="[1118,1176,1158,1184]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cape</collectingRegion>
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|
Agulhas, one was once caught in the surf off Macassar Beach, False
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559543FFA4CDDE5EA6FD1424AA" box="[702,749,1195,1221]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Bay</collectingRegion>
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|
. A small juvenile measuring
|
|
<quantity id="4CC39B529543FFA4CB4F5EA7FB7B24AA" box="[1071,1154,1194,1221]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="cm" value="260.0">260 cm</quantity>
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TL was once captured in the KZN Sharks Board bather protection gear at Salt Rock (KZN).
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</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="8B8436B79543FFA4CFF75EFFFDEB2563" blockId="42.[151,1437,762,1293]" box="[151,530,1266,1293]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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|
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59543FFA4CFF75EFFFE7D2563" bold="true" box="[151,388,1266,1292]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Conservation status</emphasis>
|
|
: EN (2019).
|
|
</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
|
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</treatment>
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</document> |