193 lines
21 KiB
XML
193 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="AA7CFF266F86E7F7E72FA7BB9D0F9763">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E5019D0D2C2F6362B5379471808D264D">Wintner, Sabine P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DD8C55358BBC65AD9C9FB0FCC8CDEE1D">Kyne, Peter M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="94C4D7DFD97A7E783F5FF25FB1D19A98" type="email">debert@mlml.calstate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9534FFD3CFF75987FDE523CB" box="[151,540,906,933]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79534FFD3CFF75987FDE523CB" blockId="93.[151,1437,906,1401]" box="[151,540,906,933]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
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<heading id="D0CC81DB9534FFD3CFF75987FDE523CB" bold="true" box="[151,540,906,933]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349534FFD3CFF75987FDE523CB" ID-CoL="4DZC4" ID-ENA="2338056" authority="(Macleay, 1883)" baseAuthorityName="Macleay" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[151,540,906,933]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ater">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CFF75987FDE523CB" bold="true" box="[151,540,906,933]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CFF75987FEA023CA" bold="true" box="[151,345,906,933]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Pastinachus ater</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CE075987FDED23CB" author="Macleay" box="[359,532,906,932]" firstAuthor="Macleay" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="585 - 598" refId="ref109191" refString="Macleay, W. (1883) Contribution to a knowledge of the fishes of New Guinea. No. III. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 7 (4), 585 - 598. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 22766" type="journal article" year="1883">Macleay, 1883</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9534FFD3CFF759A3FE9623A6" box="[151,367,942,969]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79534FFD3CFF759A3FE9623A6" blockId="93.[151,1437,906,1401]" box="[151,367,942,969]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Broad Cowtail Ray</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C321653C9534FFD3CFF759DEFD6424AB" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79534FFD3CFF759DEFEE7247F" blockId="93.[151,1437,906,1401]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349534FFD3CFF759DEFDCE2382" ID-CoL="54JCV" authority="Macleay, 1883 a: 598" authorityName="Macleay" authorityPageNumber="598" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,567,978,1005]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Taeniura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atra">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CFF759DEFECF2383" box="[151,310,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Taeniura atra</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B533CEA9534FFD3CE2159DFFDCE2382" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3072574605" box="[321,567,978,1005]" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Port Moresby district" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="National Capital" typeStatus="holotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CE2159DFFE142383" author="Macleay" box="[321,493,978,1004]" firstAuthor="Macleay" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="585 - 598" refId="ref109191" refString="Macleay, W. (1883) Contribution to a knowledge of the fishes of New Guinea. No. III. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 7 (4), 585 - 598. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 22766" type="journal article" year="1883">Macleay, 1883</bibRefCitation>
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a: 598
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="548088159534FFD3CD2759DFFD4D2383" box="[583,692,978,1004]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: AMS I.9762. Type locality:
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<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559534FFD3CB6E59DEFAF12383" box="[1038,1288,978,1005]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="National Capital" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Port Moresby district</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32C76279534FFD3CA7759DEFEE2247F" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8436B79534FFD3CFF75E17FD6424AB" blockId="93.[151,1437,906,1401]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CFF75E17FEA2245B" bold="true" box="[151,347,1050,1076]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Local synonymy</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349534FFD3CE0A5E16FCFA245B" ID-CoL="6CBSF" authority=": Smith, 1957 e: 431" authorityName=": Smith" authorityPageNumber="431" authorityYear="1957" box="[362,771,1050,1077]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Dasyatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sephen">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CE0A5E16FDDB245B" box="[362,546,1050,1076]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Dasyatis sephen</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CD515E17FCFA245B" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[561,771,1050,1077]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="429 - 431" refId="ref115286" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1957 e) Dasyatid rays new to South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 10 (116), 429 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935708655980" type="journal article" year="1957">Smith, 1957e: 431</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 16b;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CC0C5E17FBC7245A" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[876,1086,1050,1077]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" refId="ref115467" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1961 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 4 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., Cape Town, 580 pp." type="book" year="1961">Smith, 1961a: 565</bibRefCitation>
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||
, fig. 79c, pl. 108;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CA6B5E17FF0A2436" author="Smith, J. L. B." pageId="93" pageNumber="94" refId="ref115700" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp." type="book" year="1965">Smith, 1965: 565</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 79c, pl. 108;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CEB35E33FD4C2437" author="Wallace, J. H." box="[467,693,1086,1112]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref118483" refString="Wallace, J. H. (1967 c) The batoid fishes of the east coast of southern Africa. Part II: manta, eagle, duckbill, cownose, butterfly and sting rays. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 16, 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1967">Wallace, 1967c: 42</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 21.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349534FFD3CC445E33FBFD2437" ID-CoL="3NWXM" authority=": Compagno & Heemstra, 1984: 3" authorityName="Compagno & Heemstra" authorityPageNumber="3" box="[804,1028,1086,1112]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Hypolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sephen">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CC445E33FBFD2437" box="[804,1028,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Hypolophus sephen</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69534FFD3CB775E33FA6F2437" box="[1047,1430,1086,1113]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CB775E33FA6F2437" author="Compagno & Heemstra" box="[1047,1430,1086,1113]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="3" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref95933" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. & Heemstra, P. C. (1984) Himantura draco, a new species of stingray (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) from South Africa, with a key to the Dasyatidae and the first record of Dasyatis kuhlii (M ʾ ller & Henle, 1841) from southern Africa. J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology Special Publication, 33, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1984">Compagno & Heemstra, 1984: 3</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CFA65E6FFE302413" author="Compagno" box="[198,457,1122,1148]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="140" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="144 - 147" refId="ref95556" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Pristidae, Narkidae, Rhinobatidae, Myliobatidae, Mobulidae, Dasyatidae, Chimaeridae, Rhinochimaeridae, Callorhinchidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 110 - 142, 144 - 147." type="journal article" year="1986">Compagno, 1986: 140</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 30.12;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CD3B5E6FFC5C2413" author="Compagno" box="[603,933,1122,1149]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="104" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
|
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Compagno
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CD815E6EFCEF2413" box="[737,790,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1989: 104
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349534FFD3CCBC5E6FFF0B24CF" ID-CoL="4DZC8" authority=": Compagno, 1999: 117" authorityName="Compagno" authorityPageNumber="117" authorityYear="1999" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sephen">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CCBC5E6FFB472413" box="[988,1214,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Pastinachus sephen</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CBB05E6FFF0B24CF" author="Compagno" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="117" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref95720" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406" type="journal article" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 117</bibRefCitation>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CF9D5E8BFDBF24CF" author="Ebert & van Hees" box="[253,582,1158,1185]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="147" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. & van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the " Lost Sharks " of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 147</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349534FFD3CD315E8BFBE224CF" ID-CoL="4DZC4" authority=": Last et al., 2016 h: 364" authorityName="Last" authorityYear="2016" box="[593,1051,1158,1185]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ater">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CD315E8BFCF724CF" box="[593,782,1158,1184]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Pastinachus ater</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CC7C5E8AFBE224CF" author="Last" box="[796,1051,1158,1185]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Last" page="364" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="345 - 368" refId="ref107497" refString="Last, P. R., Naylor, G. J. P. & Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. M. (2016 h) A revised classification of the family Dasyatidae (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes) based on new morphological and molecular insights. Zootaxa, 4139 (3), 345 - 368. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4139.3.2" type="journal article" year="2016" yearSuffix="h">
|
||
Last
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CC345E8AFC7C24CF" box="[852,901,1158,1184]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">et al</emphasis>
|
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., 2016h: 364
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CB465E8AFAE724CE" author="Last" box="[1062,1310,1158,1185]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Last" page="594" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="522 - 618" refId="ref107378" refString="Last, P. R., Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. M., Naylor, G. J. P. & White, W. T. (2016 i) Stingrays. Family Dasyatidae. In: Last, P. R., White, W. T., de Carvalho, M. E., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. & Naylor, G. J. P. (Eds.), Rays of the World. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp. 522 - 618. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148" type="book chapter" year="2016" yearSuffix="i">
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Last
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CB3D5E8AFB7724CF" box="[1117,1166,1158,1184]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">et al</emphasis>
|
||
.,
|
||
<date id="FF8510779534FFD3CBC35E8BFB1E24CF" box="[1187,1255,1158,1184]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" value="2016-01">2016i</date>
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: 594
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 25.65.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349534FFD3CFA65EA7FD6124AB" ID-CoL="4DZC5" authority=": Weigmann, 2016: 976" authorityName="Weigmann" authorityPageNumber="976" authorityYear="2016" box="[198,664,1194,1221]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CFA65EA7FE6924AB" box="[198,400,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Pastinachus atrus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CEFE5EA7FD6124AB" author="Weigmann, S." box="[414,664,1194,1220]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321653C9534FFD3CFF75EC3FD302487" box="[151,713,1230,1257]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436B79534FFD3CFF75EC3FD302487" blockId="93.[151,1437,906,1401]" box="[151,713,1230,1257]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CFF75EC3FDFB2487" bold="true" box="[151,514,1230,1256]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279534FFD3CFF75EC3FED62487" box="[151,303,1230,1256]" name="South Africa" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
voucher material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: None examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321653C9534FFD3CFF75EFFFD762562" box="[151,655,1266,1293]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436B79534FFD3CFF75EFFFD762562" blockId="93.[151,1437,906,1401]" box="[151,655,1266,1293]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CFF75EFFFE2A2563" bold="true" box="[151,467,1266,1292]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">South African distribution</emphasis>
|
||
: Northern KZN.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321653C9534FFD3CFF75F1BFE392516" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="discussion">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321653C9534FFD3CFF75F1BFC36253A" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436B79534FFD3CFF75F1BFC36253A" blockId="93.[151,1437,906,1401]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CFF75F1BFEFD255F" bold="true" box="[151,260,1302,1328]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469534FFD3CE725F1BFE5F255E" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[274,422,1302,1329]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="261 - 264" refId="ref115135" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1957 a) A new shark from South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 53, 261 - 264." type="journal article" year="1957">Smith (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
first reported this stingray, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349534FFD3CD975F1AFC54255F" authorityName=": Smith" authorityYear="1957" box="[759,941,1302,1328]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Dasyatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sephen">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CD975F1AFC54255F" box="[759,941,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Dasyatis sephen</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from northern KZN. It appears to be rare in South African waters, which is considered to be the edge of its range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321653C9534FFD3CFF75F53FE392516" box="[151,448,1374,1401]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436B79534FFD3CFF75F53FE392516" blockId="93.[151,1437,906,1401]" box="[151,448,1374,1401]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59534FFD3CFF75F53FE7D2517" bold="true" box="[151,388,1374,1400]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Conservation status</emphasis>
|
||
: NE.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |