606 lines
74 KiB
XML
606 lines
74 KiB
XML
<document id="4180E940B6F28532372D2EC4B41F8792" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.184082" ID-GBIF-Dataset="42456f43-a3d2-41d5-a952-280d6fc15cba" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="184082" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459941198840" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Reardon, Terry, Adams, Mark, Kenzie, Norm M & Jenkins, Paulina" docDate="2008" docId="039287915A17FF86FDAEE116EF9EFED3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01875p031.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1875" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Mormopterus norfolkensis Gray 1839" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FFABFFE95A02FF9AFD39E35CEB4CFFD1" masterDocTitle="A new species of Australian freetail bat Mormopterus eleryi sp. nov. (Chiroptera: Molossidae) and a taxonomic reappraisal of M. norfolkensis (Gray)" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1698230447777" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="BA9F72E19574A9B6C3964DE44CAD92E6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B9525929925739FF5B5E4AFA9999DEBB">
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<mods:title id="BD2E7B781A8144B52A65D179182C4BE2">A new species of Australian freetail bat Mormopterus eleryi sp. nov. (Chiroptera: Molossidae) and a taxonomic reappraisal of M. norfolkensis (Gray)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="744D9D4CB12E57642F4EC95BEF222B67" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="A9C26D94D16C46FB9A18E6C88E726613">
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<mods:roleTerm id="71CB46E448E8142F0AA63A6DBB8BB7FF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B54C5339D83C9595104E442E2EE12627">Reardon, Terry</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="177FBE0080122BA07904CE33F6C4D244" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="F1DD6787A5E864DC93C9E2718AD7D777">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CBB41D2226392312875C812BDAA6E87B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="43ECB1977D54842D43735B1EA933FE64">Adams, Mark</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="DCE371A26B3E8C095FE2B64436708538" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="7B7558A5DA414E897279D0638F0919D0">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B39219D55B2723A0019186DFD9F31AD5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2DE88A763D3441193E78C773A29004CB">Kenzie, Norm M</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8B9739F7235AF062204451D66D7BCF82" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="2DEF0D04FB4C78944CBF9E6BDD3A4954">
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<mods:roleTerm id="31A480D96651BF817A61527F4B65BB05">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BE06D470F713968B9BA386B9020DF548">Jenkins, Paulina</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8226B55422C2A275311448B9306C4715">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A682C581F33B4DF9F02C7AFCD7A9A35B">
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<mods:title id="3AD392A310672369CE5677C95173A2C4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="4D9D50B0AB307B74F27B9B6ED7477E1A">
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<mods:date id="DE958D9896A7FFCD251404F7F9A101A0">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5CB8E52A967EADBF2FD458F852EC7279" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="517C2F83CC47CF76218850C3E1434B66">1875</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F51187AB224435C5CFF2AD757B228C09">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="EF5D72CFE6ECB7E8CAF2F974FEA70A5C">31</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="F5A8A8B09FDBF86C7B4075FAB9C935D7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9DB267CD7FCF33457159201992F2E831" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.184082</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C4C5186005FED7F2F6F323E02F476160" type="GBIF-Dataset">42456f43-a3d2-41d5-a952-280d6fc15cba</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="05ACD39873C1CBC2B31351857869B859" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="36550BC203C4D822651031E8D91D1783" type="Zenodo-Dep">184082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039287915A17FF86FDAEE116EF9EFED3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5613717" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119375944" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5613717" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287915A17FF86FDAEE116EF9EFED3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287915A17FF86FDAEE116EF9EFED3" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection id="C321650C5A17FF8FFDAEE116E9AEFD7E" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8436875A17FF8FFDAEE116E872FDB5" blockId="21.[151,830,586,612]" box="[151,830,586,612]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<heading id="D0CC81EB5A17FF8FFDAEE116E872FDB5" bold="true" box="[151,830,586,612]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDAEE116E872FDB5" bold="true" box="[151,830,586,612]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFDAEE116E93AFDB5" ID-CoL="8PFCG" authority="Gray 1839" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1839" box="[151,630,586,612]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDAEE116EA95FDB5" bold="true" box="[151,473,586,612]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Mormopterus norfolkensis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A17FF8FFCD1E116E922FDB5" author="Gray" box="[488,622,586,612]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" refString="Gray, J. E. (1839) Descriptions of some Mammalia discovered in Cuba by W. S. Macleay, Esq. Annals of Natural History, 4, 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1839">Gray 1839</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13002A025A17FF8FFFBCE116E879FDB5" box="[645,821,586,612]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStart-2="FIGURE 13" captionStart-3="FIGURE 14" captionStart-4="FIGURE 15" captionStart-5="FIGURE 16" captionStartId-0="22.[151,255,1095,1119]" captionStartId-1="22.[151,255,1916,1940]" captionStartId-2="23.[151,255,1727,1751]" captionStartId-3="25.[151,255,1883,1907]" captionStartId-4="26.[151,255,873,897]" captionStartId-5="27.[151,255,1306,1330]" captionTargetBox-0="[373,1216,260,1070]" captionTargetBox-1="[329,1237,1230,1876]" captionTargetBox-2="[226,1358,244,1663]" captionTargetBox-3="[248,1338,185,1860]" captionTargetBox-4="[443,1143,194,848]" captionTargetBox-5="[177,1414,399,1275]" captionTargetId-0="figure@22.[371,1217,258,1071]" captionTargetId-1="figure@22.[324,1242,1227,1876]" captionTargetId-2="figure@23.[220,1359,240,1668]" captionTargetId-3="figure@25.[248,1340,156,1860]" captionTargetId-4="figure@26.[443,1144,194,849]" captionTargetId-5="figure@27.[169,1417,397,1282]" captionTargetPageId-0="22" captionTargetPageId-1="22" captionTargetPageId-2="23" captionTargetPageId-3="25" captionTargetPageId-4="26" captionTargetPageId-5="27" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Genitalia of M. norfolkensis. Top left: penis showing genital process (note this has a lateral cut far side AM M 12754). Top right: female genital process (AM M 12748). Bottom left and right: glans penis showing the distal claw AM M 12754." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Scanning electron micrograph showing linguo-occlusal view of the upper first and second molars of M. norfolkensis (QM JM 9032)." captionText-2="FIGURE 13. Skull and dentary photographs of M. norfolkensis comparing specimen AM M 12748 with the holotype." captionText-3="FIGURE 14. Variation in skull shape amongst M. norfolkensis across its distribution. The lateral view of the holotype is shown from both sides." captionText-4="FIGURE 15. Stereo pair of left lower tooth row of M. norfolkensis AM M 12748." captionText-5="FIGURE 16. Distribution map of Mormopterus norfolkensis. Samples run for allozyme electrophoresis marked with an X; museum specimens examined marked with a closed triangle and reliable records marked with a circle." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/184091/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/184092/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/184093/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/184094/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/184095/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/184096/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figures 11–16</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8436875A17FF8FFDAEE1C4E9AEFD7E" blockId="21.[151,738,664,687]" box="[151,738,664,687]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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East coast free-tailed bat;
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<collectingCountry id="F32C76175A17FF8FFC95E1C4E904FD7E" box="[428,584,664,687]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
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freetailed bat.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C321650C5A17FF8FFDAEE1BEEAD7FC9D" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8436875A17FF8FFDAEE1BEEAD7FC9D" blockId="21.[151,1436,738,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDAEE1BEEA94FD2D" bold="true" box="[151,472,738,764]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Note on the species name.</emphasis>
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Gray’s (1839) original spelling was
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFEBEE1BEEF5AFD2A" box="[903,1046,738,763]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFEBEE1BEEF5AFD2A" box="[903,1046,738,763]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">norfolkensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but he used
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<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FF995E1BEEE77FD2A" box="[1196,1339,738,763]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">norfolcensis</emphasis>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A17FF8FF858E1BEEBA9FCF5" author="Gray" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" refString="Gray, J. E. (1843) List of Mammalia in the Collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London, 36 pp." type="book" year="1843">Gray (1843)</bibRefCitation>
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and both in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A17FF8FFC41E056E940FCF5" author="Gray" box="[376,524,778,804]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" refString="Gray, J. E. (1875) Mammalia, birds. In: Richardson, J. & Gray, J. E. (Eds.) The Zoology of the Voyage of H. M. S. Erebus and Terror, under the command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross, R. N., F. R. S., during the years 1839 to 1843. E. W. Janson, 1844 - 1875, London." type="journal article" year="1875">Gray (1875)</bibRefCitation>
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. Both spellings appear in the literature until
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A17FF8FF92DE056EFD7FCF5" author="Tate" box="[1044,1179,778,804]" pageId="21" pageNumber="31" refString="Tate, G. H. H. (1952) Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 66 Mammals of Cape York Peninsula, with notes on the occurrence of rain forest in Queensland. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 98, 567 - 616." type="journal article" year="1952">Tate (1952)</bibRefCitation>
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after which the original spelling prevailed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C321650C5A17FF8FFDFFE006EF92FA9F" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8436875A17FF8FFDFFE006EF1AFC4D" blockId="21.[151,1436,738,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDFFE006EA73FCA5" bold="true" box="[198,319,858,884]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<typeStatus id="548088255A17FF8FFDFFE006EA76FCA5" box="[198,314,858,884]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Natural History Museum, London BM 1838.10.11.56. Sex not known (but probably female from this study). As dried skin, skull removed, rear of the skull damaged/missing.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8436875A17FF8FFDFFE0F6E8D4FC15" blockId="21.[151,1436,738,2004]" box="[198,920,938,964]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDFFE0F6EA20FC15" bold="true" box="[198,364,938,964]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<typeStatus id="548088255A17FF8FFDFFE0F6EA48FC15" box="[198,260,938,964]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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Possibly
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<collectingCountry id="F32C76175A17FF8FFCE4E0F6E9C0FC15" box="[477,652,938,964]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32C76175A17FF8FFFA1E0F6E84FFC15" box="[664,771,938,964]" name="Australia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Australia</collectingCountry>
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(see above).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8436875A17FF8FFDFFE089EEC0FAF3" blockId="21.[151,1436,738,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDFFE089EA85FC3E" bold="true" box="[198,457,981,1007]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Referred specimens.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFCEFE08AE9FBFC3E" box="[470,695,982,1007]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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New South
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<collectingCountry id="F32C76175A17FF8FFF51E08AE9FCFC3E" box="[616,688,982,1007]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Wales</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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AM
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<accessionNumber id="9468AB645A17FF8FFE39E089E82EFC3E" box="[768,866,981,1007]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/M37640" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="EnaNcbi">M37640</accessionNumber>
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d (Eden 36.941 0
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FF908E089EFE2FC3E" box="[1073,1198,981,1007]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="55" value="-149.906">S 149.906</geoCoordinate>
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0E); AM M12490φ (Kempsey 31.367 0
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FFC4BE75DEAA7FBCA" box="[370,491,1025,1051]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="55" value="-152.617">S 152.617</geoCoordinate>
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0E); AM M12754d AM M12748φ (Mumbulla State Forest 36.55 0
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FF83CE75DEE3CFBCA" box="[1285,1392,1025,1051]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="555" value="-149.87">S 149.87</geoCoordinate>
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0E); AM M23663d (Kingswood, Sydney 33.75 0
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FFF9BE771E850FB96" box="[674,796,1069,1095]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="55" value="-150.717">S 150.717</geoCoordinate>
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0E); AM
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<accessionNumber id="9468AB645A17FF8FFEB5E771E8A3FB96" box="[908,1007,1069,1095]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/M30937" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="EnaNcbi">M30937</accessionNumber>
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φ (near Myall Lakes National Park 32.5167 0
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FFDC7E705EA25FBA2" box="[254,361,1113,1139]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="555" value="-152.25">S 152.25</geoCoordinate>
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0E); AM M3280φ, AM M3281φ(Smithfield, Sydney 33.883 0
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FF970E705EFF8FBA2" box="[1097,1204,1113,1139]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="555" value="-150.95">S 150.95</geoCoordinate>
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0E); AM M33584φ (Glossodia, Sydney 33.533 0
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FFCD9E7D8E970FB4F" box="[480,572,1156,1182]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="5555" value="-150.8">S 150.8</geoCoordinate>
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||
0E); AM M34486d (Cattai 33.55 0
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FFEF7E7D8EF0AFB4F" box="[974,1094,1156,1182]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="55" value="-150.917">S 150.917</geoCoordinate>
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0E); AM M5041d (Watson’s Bay, Sydney 33.85 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FFCBBE7ECEAB7FB1B" box="[386,507,1200,1226]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="55" value="-151.283">S 151.283</geoCoordinate>
|
||
0E); AM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9468AB645A17FF8FFF52E7ECE982FB1B" box="[619,718,1200,1226]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/M37648" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="EnaNcbi">M37648</accessionNumber>
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d (Badja State Forest 35.71 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FF91EE7ECEFDEFB1B" box="[1063,1170,1200,1226]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="555" value="-149.95">S 149.95</geoCoordinate>
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||
0E);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE425A17FF8FF9F1E7ECEE6EFB1B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34932" box="[1224,1314,1200,1226]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34932" name="Australian National Wildlife Collection" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ANWC</collectionCode>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9468AB645A17FF8FF815E7ECEEDDFB1B" box="[1324,1425,1200,1226]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/M02321" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="EnaNcbi">M02321</accessionNumber>
|
||
? (Orchid Hills, Sydney 33.8 0
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FFCD1E780E919FB27" box="[488,597,1244,1270]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="555" value="-150.75">S 150.75</geoCoordinate>
|
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0E); AM M37738d (Bodalla State Forest 36.11 0
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FF9A7E780EE47FB27" box="[1182,1291,1244,1270]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="555" value="-150.08">S 150.08</geoCoordinate>
|
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0E);
|
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<collectionCode id="ED2AAE425A17FF8FF87BE780EED0FB27" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34932" box="[1346,1436,1244,1270]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34932" name="Australian National Wildlife Collection" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ANWC</collectionCode>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9468AB645A17FF8FFDAEE654EBB1FAF3" box="[151,253,1288,1314]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/M00209" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="EnaNcbi">M00209</accessionNumber>
|
||
–15 4φ, 3d (Tooloom, Urbenville 28.5S0 152.433E0); AM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9468AB645A17FF8FFE8CE654EF54FAF3" box="[949,1048,1288,1314]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/M38976" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="EnaNcbi">M38976</accessionNumber>
|
||
d (Camden 34.04 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FF9CBE654EE21FAF3" box="[1266,1389,1288,1314]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="55" value="-150.68">S 150.680</geoCoordinate>
|
||
E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A17FF8FFDFFE668EF92FA9F" blockId="21.[151,1436,738,2004]" box="[198,1246,1329,1358]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDFFE668EA11FA9C" box="[198,349,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Queensland:</emphasis>
|
||
QM JM9032φ, JM9037φ, JM9036d (Conondale Range 26.7 0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F50405A17FF8FF905E668EFFFFA9F" box="[1084,1203,1332,1358]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="55" value="-152.617">S 152.617</geoCoordinate>
|
||
0E).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321650C5A17FF8FFDFFE600EBA6F945" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A17FF8FFDFFE600E8C6FA3F" blockId="21.[151,1436,738,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDFFE600E96EFAA7" bold="true" box="[198,546,1372,1398]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Diagnosis. Allozyme profile.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFF10E601E992FAA7" box="[553,734,1373,1398]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFF10E601E992FAA7" box="[553,734,1373,1398]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs at an average of 49 %FD from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FF9A7E601EE44FAA7" box="[1182,1288,1373,1398]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FF9A7E601EE44FAA7" box="[1182,1288,1373,1398]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. eleryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and from all other known Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFC81E6D9E914FA4F" box="[440,600,1413,1438]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFC81E6D9E914FA4F" box="[440,600,1413,1438]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Mormopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by an average of 48 %FD at 40 putative allozyme loci (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B9033C5A17FF8FF860E6D9EBF4FA16" captionStart="TABLE 2 b" captionStartId="9.[151,239,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[159,1390,1329,1821]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2 b. Matrix of genetic distances among species. Lower left = % FDs, upper right = Nei Ds. Taxon code: sp 1 = Species 1, sp 2 = Species 2, sp 3 = Species 3, sp 4 w and sp 4 e = Species 4 western and eastern populations respectively, sp 5 w and sp 5 e = species 5 western and eastern populations respectively, sp 6 = Species 6, norf = norfolkensis, Cj = Chaerephon jobensis and Ta = Tadarida australis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF44660F5A0BFF93FDAEE7CDE985FAC1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="DF44660F5A0BFF93FDAEE7CDE985FAC1">Table 2b</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFDE8E6F1EAC7FA17" box="[209,395,1453,1478]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDE8E6F1EAC7FA17" box="[209,395,1453,1478]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterised by alleles not found in any other species at the following nine loci:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDAEE689E9D3FA3F" box="[151,671,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Acon2,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFDC9E689EA84FA3F" authority="Ca, Dia, Got" authorityName="Ca, Dia, Got" box="[240,456,1493,1518]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Ada" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ada, Ca, Dia, Got</taxonomicName>
|
||
2, Gpd, Guk, Ldh1
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFFE0E689E849FA3F" box="[729,773,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Sod</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B9033C5A17FF8FFE2DE689E820FA3E" box="[788,876,1493,1519]" captionStart="TABLE 2 b" captionStartId="9.[151,239,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[159,1390,1329,1821]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2 b. Matrix of genetic distances among species. Lower left = % FDs, upper right = Nei Ds. Taxon code: sp 1 = Species 1, sp 2 = Species 2, sp 3 = Species 3, sp 4 w and sp 4 e = Species 4 western and eastern populations respectively, sp 5 w and sp 5 e = species 5 western and eastern populations respectively, sp 6 = Species 6, norf = norfolkensis, Cj = Chaerephon jobensis and Ta = Tadarida australis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF44660F5A0BFF93FDAEE7CDE985FAC1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" tableUuid="DF44660F5A0BFF93FDAEE7CDE985FAC1">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
a).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A17FF8FFDFFE6A0EBA6F945" blockId="21.[151,1436,738,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDFFE6A0EA2BF9C7" bold="true" box="[198,359,1532,1558]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Morphology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFC57E6A1E968F9C7" box="[366,548,1533,1558]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFC57E6A1E968F9C7" box="[366,548,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all other examined Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FF91DE6A1EF8FF9C7" box="[1060,1219,1533,1558]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FF91DE6A1EF8FF9C7" box="[1060,1219,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Mormopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FF845E6A1EB96F990" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FF845E6A1EB96F990" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. eleryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having the proportion of M3-M3 width to forearm length less than 0.18 (0.167–0.174
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FF9DDE574EFB5F990" box="[1252,1273,1576,1601]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">cf</emphasis>
|
||
0.185–0.236) and proportion of C1–C1 width to proximal phalanx of digit3 length less than 0.28 (0.238–0.275
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FF812E50FEE0CF9BD" box="[1323,1344,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">cf</emphasis>
|
||
0.288– 0.399).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321650C5A17FF81FDFCE5FFE997FE85" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A17FF8FFDFCE5FFE8B5F88D" blockId="21.[151,1436,738,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFDFCE5FFEA30F96D" box="[197,380,1699,1724]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFDFCE5FFEA30F96D" box="[197,380,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all other Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFE3DE5FFE8EFF96D" box="[772,931,1699,1724]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFE3DE5FFE8EFF96D" box="[772,931,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Mormopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FF965E5FFEF8AF96D" box="[1116,1222,1699,1724]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FF965E5FFEF8AF96D" box="[1116,1222,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. eleryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the possession of long slender fleshy genital projections in both sexes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A025A17FF8FFE1FE596E8D6F935" box="[806,922,1738,1764]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,255,1095,1119]" captionTargetBox="[373,1216,260,1070]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[371,1217,258,1071]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Genitalia of M. norfolkensis. Top left: penis showing genital process (note this has a lateral cut far side AM M 12754). Top right: female genital process (AM M 12748). Bottom left and right: glans penis showing the distal claw AM M 12754." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184091/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figure 11</figureCitation>
|
||
). The male projection arises from the distodorsal surface of the prepucial skin; the projection length (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A17FF8FFE63E5AEE8BDF8DD" box="[858,1009,1778,1804]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" metricValueMax="1.98" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="1.54" valueMax="1.98" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.98mm</quantity>
|
||
) averages 60% of the length of the penis (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A17FF8FFDD1E446EADEF8E5" box="[232,402,1818,1844]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.495" metricValueMax="2.91" metricValueMin="2.08" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="2.495" valueMax="2.91" valueMin="2.08">2.08–2.91mm</quantity>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFCF4E447E970F8E5" box="[461,572,1819,1844]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFCF4E447E970F8E5" box="[461,572,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. eleryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the length of the male projection length is
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A17FF8FF963E446EFB1F8E5" box="[1114,1277,1818,1844]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" metricValueMax="1.93" metricValueMin="1.19" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="1.56" valueMax="1.93" valueMin="1.19">1.19–1.93mm</quantity>
|
||
while in the “
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFD9DE41FEA82F88D" box="[164,462,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">planiceps-beccarii-loriae</emphasis>
|
||
complex” it is absent or never exceeds
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A17FF8FFEA6E41EE8B9F88D" box="[927,1013,1858,1884]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A17FF8FFDFCE436EAD5F805" blockId="21.[151,1436,738,2004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
The female projection in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFCD6E437E9E9F855" box="[495,677,1899,1924]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFCD6E437E9E9F855" box="[495,677,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
arises from the anterior edge of the genital opening and is
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A17FF8FF863E436EBB4F87D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.215" metricValueMax="2.67" metricValueMin="1.76" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="2.215" valueMax="2.67" valueMin="1.76">1.76– 2.67mm</quantity>
|
||
in length
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A17FF8FFC56E4CFEA95F87D" box="[367,473,1939,1964]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFC56E4CFEA95F87D" box="[367,473,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. eleryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A17FF8FFF2DE4CEE9F7F87D" box="[532,699,1938,1964]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="1.83" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="2.04" valueMax="2.25" valueMin="1.83">1.83–2.25mm</quantity>
|
||
. In the “
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A17FF8FFE26E4CFEF05F87D" box="[799,1097,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">planiceps-beccarii-loriae</emphasis>
|
||
complex” it is absent or less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A17FF8FFDE8E4E6EA6FF805" box="[209,291,1978,2004]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6mm</quantity>
|
||
in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A14FF8CFDFCE3C4EAF7FF0B" blockId="22.[151,1435,152,218]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A14FF8CFDFCE3C4EA37FF60" box="[197,379,152,177]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A14FF8CFDFCE3C4EA37FF60" box="[197,379,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unique amongst Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A14FF8CFFE7E3C4E832FF60" box="[734,894,152,177]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A14FF8CFFE7E3C4E832FF60" box="[734,894,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Mormopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by its possession of a glans penis with a distal claw (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A025A14FF8CFC01E39CEAE1FF0B" box="[312,429,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,255,1095,1119]" captionTargetBox="[373,1216,260,1070]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[371,1217,258,1071]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Genitalia of M. norfolkensis. Top left: penis showing genital process (note this has a lateral cut far side AM M 12754). Top right: female genital process (AM M 12748). Bottom left and right: glans penis showing the distal claw AM M 12754." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184091/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figure 11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF44660F5A14FF8CFDAEE71BEA66FB4F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184091/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[373,1216,260,1070]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A14FF8CFDAEE71BEA66FB4F" blockId="22.[151,1436,1095,1182]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A14FF8CFDAEE71BEA68FB8E" bold="true" box="[151,292,1095,1119]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Genitalia of
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A14FF8CFC96E71BE910FB8F" box="[431,604,1095,1118]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A14FF8CFC96E71BE915FB8F" box="[431,601,1095,1118]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">M. norfolkensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Top left: penis showing genital process (note this has a lateral cut far side AM M12754). Top right: female genital process (AM M12748). Bottom left and right: glans penis showing the distal claw AM M12754.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF44660F5A14FF8CFDAEE420EA8EF867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184092/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[329,1237,1230,1876]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A14FF8CFDAEE420EA8EF867" blockId="22.[151,1437,1916,1974]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A14FF8CFDAEE420EA64F845" bold="true" box="[151,296,1916,1940]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron micrograph showing linguo-occlusal view of the upper first and second molars of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A14FF8CF846E420EA56F867" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A14FF8CF846E420EA56F867" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(QM JM9032).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF44660F5A15FF8DFDAEE5E3EECFF907" box="[151,1411,1727,1751]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184093/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" targetBox="[226,1358,244,1663]" targetPageId="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A15FF8DFDAEE5E3EECFF907" blockId="23.[151,1411,1727,1751]" box="[151,1411,1727,1751]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A15FF8DFDAEE5E3EA6AF906" bold="true" box="[151,294,1727,1751]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Skull and dentary photographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A15FF8DFFAEE59CE872F906" box="[663,830,1728,1751]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A15FF8DFFAEE59CE872F906" box="[663,830,1728,1751]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comparing specimen AM M12748 with the holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A15FF8DFDFCE44BE804F878" blockId="23.[151,1436,1815,1961]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Differs from all other examined forms by the shape and structure of the upper first and second molars (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A025A15FF8DFDA6E463EA59F888" box="[159,277,1855,1881]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="22.[151,255,1916,1940]" captionTargetBox="[329,1237,1230,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[324,1242,1227,1876]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 12. Scanning electron micrograph showing linguo-occlusal view of the upper first and second molars of M. norfolkensis (QM JM 9032)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184092/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figure 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A15FF8DFC72E41CE94DF888" box="[331,513,1856,1881]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A15FF8DFC72E41CE94DF888" box="[331,513,1856,1881]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there is no typical hypocone, but rather a scallop-shaped extension of the posterolingual margin of the heel but allied to the same structure in
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A15FF8DFEB2E434E8B0F850" box="[907,1020,1896,1921]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A15FF8DFEB2E434E8B4F850" box="[907,1016,1896,1921]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">M. eleryi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The upper molars of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A15FF8DF9C2E434EBFAF878" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A15FF8DF9C2E434EBFAF878" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differ markedly from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A15FF8DFCCBE4CCE910F878" box="[498,604,1936,1961]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A15FF8DFCCBE4CCE910F878" box="[498,604,1936,1961]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. eleryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as described above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A1AFF82FDFCE3C4EA60FE73" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FDFCE3C4EA33FF60" box="[197,383,152,177]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FDFCE3C4EA33FF60" box="[197,383,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32C76175A1AFF82FF1DE3C4E9DAFF63" box="[548,662,152,178]" name="Madagascar" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FF98E3C4E879FF60" box="[673,821,152,177]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jugularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FF98E3C4E879FF60" box="[673,821,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. jugularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Mascarene
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FEC7E3C4EF8EFF60" box="[1022,1218,152,177]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acetabulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FEC7E3C4EF8EFF60" box="[1022,1218,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. acetabulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Sumatran
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82F845E3C4EBA8FF08" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="doriae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82F845E3C4EBA8FF08" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. doriae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of a gular sac and the possession of four rather than six lower incisors.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A1AFF82F9D8E39CEED0FF0B" author="Peterson" box="[1249,1436,192,218]" pageId="24" pageNumber="31" refString="Peterson, R. L. (1985) A systematic review of the molossid bats allied with the genus Mormopterus (Chiroptera: Molossidae). Acta Zoologica Fennica, 170, 205 - 208." type="journal article" year="1985">Peterson (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
claimed that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548088255A1AFF82FC60E3B4EA8CFED3" box="[345,448,232,258]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FCDEE3B4E9D1FED0" box="[487,669,232,257]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FCDEE3B4E9D1FED0" box="[487,669,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sub-adult and should be regarded as synonymous with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82F87BE3B4EA47FEF8" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acetabulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82F87BE3B4EE16FED0" box="[1346,1370,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82F850E3B4EA47FEF8" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">acetabulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We do not agree with either of these assertions. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FE47E24CEF41FEF8" box="[894,1037,272,297]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FE47E24CEF41FEF8" box="[894,1037,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="548088255A1AFF82F92DE24CEF37FEFB" box="[1044,1147,272,298]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
appears to be adult with wing epyphises that are fully fused and teeth that exhibit some wear. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82F94AE264EE40FE80" box="[1139,1292,312,337]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acetabulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82F94AE264EE40FE80" box="[1139,1292,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">acetabulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in regard to the incisors and the gular sac as mentioned above, as well as the structure of the upper molars and glans penis morphology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A1AFF82FDFCE2ECEA86FE23" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FDFCE2ECEA31FE18" box="[197,381,432,457]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FDFCE2ECEA31FE18" box="[197,381,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from Cuban
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FF4BE2ECE9BBFE18" box="[626,759,432,457]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FF4BE2ECE9BBFE18" box="[626,759,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. minutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and South American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82F93DE2ECEFC0FE18" box="[1028,1164,432,457]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phrudus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82F93DE2ECEFC0FE18" box="[1028,1164,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. phrudus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82F9F1E2ECEE3AFE18" box="[1224,1398,432,457]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalinowskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82F9F1E2ECEE3AFE18" box="[1224,1398,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. kalinowskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of a gular sac.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A1AFF82FDFCE2A3E916FD33" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FDFCE2A3EAEFFDC8" bold="true" box="[197,419,511,537]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Echolocation call.</emphasis>
|
||
The search phase echolocation call is very variable, but usually comprises short duration pulses of 2–4msec., usually of constant frequency but can be frequency modulated or slightly dome shaped and in the range of 30–35kHz. Many calls have alternating frequency pulses, the lower pulse anywhere between 1 and 4kHz displaced from the upper pulse (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A025A1AFF82FE4CE124E891FD43" box="[885,989,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1349,1373]" captionTargetBox="[385,1201,198,1319]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[380,1207,194,1325]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. ANALOOKW graphs showing search phase calls of M. norfolkensis (top) and Species 6 (bottom). Calls shown have time between pulses removed (compressed mode)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184084/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Even though the calls are variable, alternating frequency pulse calls are not known from any other Australian molossid species, thus making calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FD8FE194EA20FD30" box="[182,364,712,737]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FD8FE194EA20FD30" box="[182,364,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
readily identifiable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A1AFF82FDFCE1B3EE74FCD8" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1738]" box="[197,1336,751,778]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FDFCE1B3EA0BFCD8" bold="true" box="[197,327,751,777]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sympatry.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FC77E1ACE949FCD8" box="[334,517,752,777]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FC77E1ACE949FCD8" box="[334,517,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sympatric with Species 1, 2, 4 east, and within
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A1AFF82F977E1ACEFD3FCDB" box="[1102,1183,752,778]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="km" value="150.0">150km</quantity>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82F9FEE1ACEE74FCD8" box="[1223,1336,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82F9FEE1ACEE78FCD8" box="[1223,1332,752,777]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">M. eleryi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A1AFF82FDFCE04BEE7AFBA3" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FDFCE04BEAA4FCE0" bold="true" box="[197,488,791,817]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description. Externals.</emphasis>
|
||
A small but slight species weighing
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A1AFF82FE97E044E8BBFCE3" box="[942,1015,792,818]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="g" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">7–10g</quantity>
|
||
and forearm length
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A1AFF82F9CBE044EED5FCE3" box="[1266,1433,792,818]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7150000000000007" metricValueMax="3.8600000000000003" metricValueMin="3.5700000000000003" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="37.15" valueMax="38.6" valueMin="35.7">35.7–38.6mm</quantity>
|
||
. The muzzle is small, tapered to the nostrils, thus differing from the “
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FECDE01CEE52FC88" box="[1012,1310,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">planiceps-beccarii-loriae</emphasis>
|
||
complex” where the muzzle is swollen. The nostrils are large and their margins stand proud of the muzzle. The outer margin of the rhinarium and the median line of the septum are coarsely crenulated. Face well covered with fine ginger-coloured hairs, especially forward of the eyes. There are short bristles on the side of the muzzle the length of which match the shortest in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FF5EE0BCE999FC28" box="[615,725,992,1017]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FF5EE0BCE999FC28" box="[615,725,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. eleryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and are relatively uniform in length and less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A1AFF82F87BE0BCEED4FC2B" box="[1346,1432,992,1018]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5mm</quantity>
|
||
. There are no long bristles on the top of the muzzle as in
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FE14E754E83BFBF0" box="[813,887,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FE14E754E83FFBF0" box="[813,883,1032,1057]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">eleryi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The ears are triangular, rounded at the tips but acute; inner margins separate and divided by a small crop of fur. There is a distinct notch in the margin of the ear just preceding the very weakly developed antitragus. Tragus tip is rounded. There is no gular sac.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A1AFF82FDFCE7DCEE4DFB13" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Dorsal fur with hair shafts up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A1AFF82FF7CE7DCE9CDFB4B" box="[581,641,1152,1178]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="6.0">6mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, the distal 80% Cinnamon-Brown to Russet and the bases cream. Ventral fur lighter, shafts tricoloured with tips cream, central 80% Drab and bases cream.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A1AFF82FDFCE78CEF8EFA63" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A1AFF82FDFCE78CEAC2FB3B" author="Koopman" box="[197,398,1232,1258]" pageId="24" pageNumber="31" refString="Koopman, K. F. (1984) Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates, 2778, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1984">Koopman (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
has discussed the confusion in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A1AFF82FFC6E78CEF6AFB3B" author="Hall" box="[767,1062,1232,1258]" pageId="24" pageNumber="30" refString="Hall, L. S. & Richards, G. C. (1979) Bats of eastern Australia, Booklet 12. Queensland Museum, Brisbane, 72 pp." type="book" year="1979">Hall and Richards (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in which they state in their key, that in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FDDEE7A4EA3AFAC0" box="[231,374,1272,1297]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FDDEE7A4EA3AFAC0" box="[231,374,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“the wing attaches approximately 1/3 of the tibia’s length from the ankle” and then later in the text that “the wing arises from the ankle”.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A1AFF82FF8BE67CE8CFFAEB" author="Troughton" box="[690,899,1312,1338]" pageId="24" pageNumber="31" refString="Troughton, E. l. G. (1941) Furred Animals of Australia. Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 374 pp." type="book" year="1941">Troughton (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also used the ankle attachment of the wing as a diagnostic character for
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FCF5E614E928FAB0" box="[460,612,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FCF5E614E913FAB0" box="[460,607,1352,1377]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">norfolkensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
We agree with Koopman’s view that the exact point of attachment is open to interpretation, and in our view, the point of attachment is not a particularly good character to define
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1AFF82FDAEE6C4EA6AFA60" box="[151,294,1432,1457]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1AFF82FDAEE6C4EA6AFA60" box="[151,294,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, especially when there are many unambiguous features that define the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A1AFF82FDFCE69CEE73F91B" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,1738]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
The glans penis is very distinctive. Overall it is cigar-shaped, slightly dorso-ventrally compressed, and has a length of
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A1AFF82FC24E6B4EA32F9D3" box="[285,382,1512,1538]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="2.26">2.26mm</quantity>
|
||
in the one individual measured (AM M12754) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A025A1AFF82FE81E6B4EF61F9D3" box="[952,1069,1512,1538]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,255,1095,1119]" captionTargetBox="[373,1216,260,1070]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[371,1217,258,1071]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Genitalia of M. norfolkensis. Top left: penis showing genital process (note this has a lateral cut far side AM M 12754). Top right: female genital process (AM M 12748). Bottom left and right: glans penis showing the distal claw AM M 12754." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184091/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figure 11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Backward facing barbs cover almost the entire surface of the glans. The unique feature of the glans is the distal claw. The claw is broad at the base where it emerges from the glans just ventrally and slightly posterior to the glans tip. It curves upwards and tapers to a point just proud of the dorsal surface of the glans. The urethral opening is not clearly indicated and may be hidden behind the base of the claw. The function of this striking feature is not known. A reasonable speculation is that the claw is involved in the removal of vaginal plugs prior to copulation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF44660F5A1BFF83FDAEE407EADCF847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184094/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" targetBox="[248,1338,185,1860]" targetPageId="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A1BFF83FDAEE407EADCF847" blockId="25.[151,1436,1883,1942]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1BFF83FDAEE407EA6AF8A2" bold="true" box="[151,294,1883,1907]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Variation in skull shape amongst
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1BFF83FFB4E400E878F8A2" box="[653,820,1884,1907]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1BFF83FFB4E400E878F8A2" box="[653,820,1884,1907]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
across its distribution. The lateral view of the holotype is shown from both sides.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF44660F5A18FF80FDAEE035E8B0FC51" box="[151,1020,873,897]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184095/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" targetBox="[443,1143,194,848]" targetPageId="26">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A18FF80FDAEE035E8B0FC51" blockId="26.[151,1020,873,897]" box="[151,1020,873,897]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A18FF80FDAEE035EA6AFC50" bold="true" box="[151,294,873,897]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Stereo pair of left lower tooth row of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A18FF80FF85E035E82EFC51" box="[700,866,873,896]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A18FF80FF85E035E82EFC51" box="[700,866,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
AM M12748.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A18FF80FDFFE0EFE87CFBCF" blockId="26.[151,1437,947,2026]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A18FF80FDFFE0EFEAF1FC1C" bold="true" box="[198,445,947,973]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Skull and dentition.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison views of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548088255A18FF80FFC9E0E8E81BFC1F" box="[752,855,948,974]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and mainland forms are shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A025A18FF80F9D5E0E8EED4FC1F" box="[1260,1432,948,974]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 13" captionStart-1="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="23.[151,255,1727,1751]" captionStartId-1="25.[151,255,1883,1907]" captionTargetBox-0="[226,1358,244,1663]" captionTargetBox-1="[248,1338,185,1860]" captionTargetId-0="figure@23.[220,1359,240,1668]" captionTargetId-1="figure@25.[248,1340,156,1860]" captionTargetPageId-0="23" captionTargetPageId-1="25" captionText-0="FIGURE 13. Skull and dentary photographs of M. norfolkensis comparing specimen AM M 12748 with the holotype." captionText-1="FIGURE 14. Variation in skull shape amongst M. norfolkensis across its distribution. The lateral view of the holotype is shown from both sides." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/184093/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/184094/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figures 13–14</figureCitation>
|
||
. The skull appears less robust than those of the “
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A18FF80FFFAE080E8A1FC24" box="[707,1005,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">planiceps-beccarii-loriae</emphasis>
|
||
complex” and especially when compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A18FF80FDC4E758EAC8FBCC" box="[253,388,1028,1053]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beccarii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A18FF80FDC4E758EAC8FBCC" box="[253,388,1028,1053]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">M. beccarii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species of similar forearm length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A18FF80FDFFE770EE39FA2F" blockId="26.[151,1437,947,2026]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
From the dorsal view and working from the rear, the supraoccipital is bulbous and inflated well outside of the line of the lambdoidal crests (missing in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548088255A18FF80FFECE708E80DFBBF" box="[725,833,1108,1134]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). The lambdoidal crests commence moderately but become insipid as they sweep forward to meet an equally poorly developed sagittal crest. But the junction (the lambda) is developed to form a small tetrahedral shaped protuberance. The parietals and interparietals are inflated leaving a diamond-shaped depression at their junction. This depression is overlaid with a rough bony deposit presumably to facilitate muscle attachment. The braincase is dorsally rounded. There is some variation in the development of the postorbital process. In AM M12748 the postorbital process is absent and the line of the supraorbital ridge is almost straight to the lachrymal process. In specimen JM 9032, there is small spicule on the sphenorbital projection and the supraorbital ridge is distinctly concave between this and the lachrymal process. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="548088255A18FF80FC94E6C8E95FFA7F" box="[429,531,1428,1454]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
also has an obvious postorbital process and a concave supraorbital ridge. The lachrymal process is well developed and when viewed dorsally, extends to the outer margin of the maxilla. The posterior margin of the narial emargination is large and rounded except for a small median projection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A18FF80FDFFE550E8E6F99F" blockId="26.[151,1437,947,2026]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
From the lateral view, the profile is sinuate, with an elevated braincase and is unlike the flattened and straight profile in most of the "
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A18FF80FF38E568E867F99C" box="[513,811,1588,1613]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">planiceps-beccarii-loriae</emphasis>
|
||
complex".
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A18FF80FDFFE500E914F917" blockId="26.[151,1437,947,2026]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">From the ventral view, features include a high-domed palate, the glenoid not laterally developed to extend beyond the edge of the line of the braincase. The pterygoid wings are parallel, and the basisphenoid pits oblong, conspicuous but very shallow.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A18FF81FDFFE58BE997FE85" blockId="26.[151,1437,947,2026]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1436,152,340]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Dental formula:
|
||
<date id="FF8510475A18FF80FCBEE58BEAD6F920" box="[391,410,1751,1777]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">i1</date>
|
||
/2 c 1/1 p2/
|
||
<quantity id="4CC39B625A18FF80FF1AE58BE91EF920" box="[547,594,1751,1777]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
3/3=30. Features of the upper teeth include a well-developed P2, the cingulum of which contacts the cingulum of the canine but has a small gap to the P4. In this respect the tooth row is less crowded than in other species. In both M1 and M2 the paraloph, metaloph and post protocrista are strongly developed and the protofossa very deep. The heel and hypocone structure differ considerably from that in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A18FF80FC1AE421EAC0F847" box="[291,396,1917,1942]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A18FF80FC1AE421EAC0F847" box="[291,396,1917,1942]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">M. eleryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the "
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A18FF80FCC4E421E86BF847" box="[509,807,1917,1942]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">planiceps-beccarii-loriae</emphasis>
|
||
complex". The scanning electron micrograph (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A025A18FF80F877E420EBF9F813" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="22.[151,255,1916,1940]" captionTargetBox="[329,1237,1230,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[324,1242,1227,1876]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 12. Scanning electron micrograph showing linguo-occlusal view of the upper first and second molars of M. norfolkensis (QM JM 9032)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184092/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figure 12</figureCitation>
|
||
) shows the structure in detail. On M1, the posterolingual margin of the heel is rounded from the base and curves occlusally to form a lip with 3–4 blade like lobes. The most mesial of these lobes is probably homologous with the typical hypocone of the "
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A19FF81FF53E3C4E8D8FF60" box="[618,916,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">planiceps-beccarii-loriae</emphasis>
|
||
complex" although its shape is not so conical. Between the posterolingual lip and the postprotocrista is an extensive basin. In M2 the heel is not so posteriorly developed and the posterolingual lip is less scalloped in appearance. It too has a hypocone and an extra lobe from the lip. The lingual-most lobe is similar in form to the crotchet hook-like structure in
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A19FF81F845E24FEBADFE85" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A19FF81F845E24FEB92FE85" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eleryi">M. eleryi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The lower dentition is shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A025A19FF81FF5AE266E99BFE85" box="[611,727,314,340]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,255,873,897]" captionTargetBox="[443,1143,194,848]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[443,1144,194,849]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Stereo pair of left lower tooth row of M. norfolkensis AM M 12748." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184095/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figure 15</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF44660F5A19FF81FDAEE646EFB6FA85" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184096/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[177,1414,399,1275]" targetPageId="27">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A19FF81FDAEE646EFB6FA85" blockId="27.[151,1436,1306,1364]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A19FF81FDAEE646EA6BFAE3" bold="true" box="[151,295,1306,1330]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map of
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A19FF81FF30E646E867FAE0" box="[521,811,1306,1329]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A19FF81FF30E646E86BFAE0" box="[521,807,1306,1329]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">Mormopterus norfolkensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Samples run for allozyme electrophoresis marked with an X; museum specimens examined marked with a closed triangle and reliable records marked with a circle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321650C5A19FF86FDFCE6DEEF9EFED3" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A19FF81FDFCE6DEEFCFF8D5" blockId="27.[151,1437,1410,2036]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A19FF81FDFCE6DEE9B1FA4D" bold="true" box="[197,765,1410,1436]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Distribution, biology and conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
The distribution map (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A025A19FF81F933E6DEEF31FA4D" box="[1034,1149,1410,1436]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,255,1306,1330]" captionTargetBox="[177,1414,399,1275]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[169,1417,397,1282]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16. Distribution map of Mormopterus norfolkensis. Samples run for allozyme electrophoresis marked with an X; museum specimens examined marked with a closed triangle and reliable records marked with a circle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184096/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figure 16</figureCitation>
|
||
) presented here is based on the collection localities of the museum specimens used in this study, as well as records drawn from the New South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32C76175A19FF81FC1FE68EEA21FA3D" box="[294,365,1490,1516]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
Department of Environment and Climate Change (DECC) fauna database. A map of the DECC
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A19FF81FDC9E6A7EA33F9C5" box="[240,383,1531,1556]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A19FF81FDC9E6A7EA33F9C5" box="[240,383,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
records is accessible on the internet (http://wildlifeatlas.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/wildlifeatlas/html/default.htm;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A19FF81FCEAE57EEF6CF9ED" author="NSW" box="[467,1056,1570,1596]" pageId="27" pageNumber="31" refString="NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (2008) Atlas of New South Wales Wildlife - Mormopterus norfolkensis. http: // wildlifeatlas. nationalparks. nsw. gov. au / wildlifeatlas / watlasSpecies. jsp (accessed 8 February 2008)" type="journal article" year="2008">NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The DECC database contains mainly records from captured and released specimens and from echolocation recordings; many of these records are early records and many were generated from non-bat specialists. Such records are not verifiable and many are likely to be incorrect; therefore we have included only localities from those records submitted by experienced bat workers. The map (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13002A025A19FF81FF52E59EE9ACF90D" box="[619,736,1730,1756]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,255,1306,1330]" captionTargetBox="[177,1414,399,1275]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[169,1417,397,1282]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16. Distribution map of Mormopterus norfolkensis. Samples run for allozyme electrophoresis marked with an X; museum specimens examined marked with a closed triangle and reliable records marked with a circle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184096/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figure 16</figureCitation>
|
||
) probably represents a good reflection of the extent of the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A19FF81FC7CE5B7EAB7F8D5" box="[325,507,1771,1796]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A19FF81FC7CE5B7EAB7F8D5" box="[325,507,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but may underestimate the number of genuine records.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A19FF81FDFCE44EEA1BF825" blockId="27.[151,1437,1410,2036]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
The mainland distribution is coastal, on the eastern side of the Great Dividing Range from Bega in southern New South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32C76175A19FF81FC68E466EAD4F885" box="[337,408,1850,1876]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
to the Conondale Range in southern Queensland. If
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A19FF81F931E467EFF3F885" box="[1032,1215,1851,1876]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A19FF81F931E467EFF3F885" box="[1032,1215,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
did occur on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32C76175A19FF81F85DE466EA59F8AD" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the past, it is unlikely to occur there now (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A19FF81FE12E43EE8F8F8AD" author="Hoye" box="[811,948,1890,1916]" pageId="27" pageNumber="31" refString="Hoye, G. (2007) Survey of bats on Norfolk Island. In: Symposium on the Biology and Conservation of Australasian Bats, Sydney, New South Wales" type="book" year="2007">Hoye 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A19FF81FEF6E43EEFB8F8AD" author="Allison" box="[975,1268,1890,1916]" pageId="27" pageNumber="30" refString="Allison, F. R. & Hoye, G. A. (1995) Eastern Free-tail Bat. In: Strahan, R. (Ed.) The Mammals of Australia. Reed Books, Chatswood, NSW, pp. 484 - 485." type="book chapter" year="1995">Allison and Hoye (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B765A19FF81F814E43EEBA9F875" author="Churchill" pageId="27" pageNumber="30" refString="Churchill, S. (1998) Australian Bats. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 240 pp." type="book" year="1998">Churchill (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
describe the habitat as ranging from dry eucalypt forest and woodland to wet sclerophyll and rainforest. Natural roosts are formed in hollow spouts in large eucalypt trees. Females give birth in late November or early December.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8436875A1EFF86FDFCE3C4EF9EFED3" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,258]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Although currently listed as Vulnerable in New South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32C76175A1EFF86FE7FE3C4E8C1FF63" box="[838,909,152,178]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 No 101),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D045A1EFF86FC30E39CEA8DFF08" box="[265,449,192,217]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Mormopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norfolkensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94FEA955A1EFF86FC30E39CEA8DFF08" box="[265,449,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">M. norfolkensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not listed under any threatened category in Queensland or under federal legislation. This distribution coincides with the most densely human populated region of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32C76175A1EFF86F967E3B4EF82FED3" box="[1118,1230,232,258]" name="Australia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |