293 lines
34 KiB
XML
293 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1007.60012" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3d2f1c17-e64f-4d30-a1e1-b3db979f72fa" ID-PMC="PMC7788075" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1007-85" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0A16B87A3549522BB729306C3DA5FF88" ID-PubMed="33505182" ID-ZooBank="408A5B35D6054D90A46884D14E78AC3D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1007-85" checkinTime="1609377148083" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Maddison, David R." docDate="2020" docId="1E9155FF00E054AE95E060855C93F339" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1007: 85-128" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1007" docPubDate="2020-12-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1007.60012" docTitle="Bembidion perspicuum" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="0A16B87A3549522BB729306C3DA5FF88" lastPageNumber="85" masterDocId="0A16B87A3549522BB729306C3DA5FF88" masterDocTitle="Shards, sequences, and shorelines: two new species of Bembidion from North America (Coleoptera, Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="85" pageNumber="85" updateTime="1668149658784" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Shards, sequences, and shorelines: two new species of Bembidion from North America (Coleoptera, Carabidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Maddison, David R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7152-3824</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">david.maddison@science.oregonstate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2020-12-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1007</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>85</mods:start>
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<mods:end>128</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1007.60012</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1007.60012</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1007-85</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">408A5B35D6054D90A46884D14E78AC3D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">0A16B87A3549522BB729306C3DA5FF88</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="176349028" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E9155FF00E054AE95E060855C93F339" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E9155FF00E054AE95E060855C93F339" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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<taxonomicName LSID="1E9155FF-00E0-54AE-95E0-60855C93F339" authority="(LeConte, 1848)" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1848" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perspicuum">Bembidion perspicuum (LeConte, 1848)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1848" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ochthedromus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ochthedromus perspicuus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perspicuus">Ochthedromus perspicuus</taxonomicName>
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LeConte, 1848: 466. Holotype male, in MCZ (type number 5510), external structure and aedeagus examined. Type locality "Rocky Mountains".
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ochthedromus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ochthedromus mannerheimii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mannerheimii">Ochthedromus mannerheimii</taxonomicName>
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LeConte, 1852:190. Lectotype female, designated by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" author="Maddison, DR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="15 - 31" refId="B37" refString="Maddison, DR, Swanson, AP, 2010. A preliminary characterization of Bembidion perspicuum LeConte, with a reclassification of related species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) north of Mexico. ZooKeys 43: 15 - 31, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" title="A preliminary characterization of Bembidion perspicuum LeConte, with a reclassification of related species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) north of Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" volume="43" year="2010">Maddison and Swanson (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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, in MCZ (type number 35571). Type locality San Diego, California. Although a male in the same unit tray as the lectotype is, by genitalic characters, a member of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Maddison" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion corgenoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corgenoma">Bembidion corgenoma</taxonomicName>
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, I am uncertain about the lectotype. The almost complete absence of the seventh stria and the pronotal shape suggests
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1848" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perspicuum">Bembidion perspicuum</taxonomicName>
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, but the base of the pronotum is not as punctured as typical for that species. I tentatively place it as a synonym of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1848" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perspicuum">Bembidion perspicuum</taxonomicName>
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. However, as
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion mannerheimii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mannerheimii">Bembidion mannerheimii</taxonomicName>
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LeConte, 1852, is a junior homonym of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion mannerheimii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mannerheimii">Bembidion mannerheimii</taxonomicName>
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Sahlberg, 1827, this name is unavailable in any event.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidium haplogonum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haplogonum">Bembidium haplogonum</taxonomicName>
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Chaudoir, 1868: 241. Neotype male, in MNHN, here designated, labeled "USA: California: Lake Co., North Branch Cache Creek at hwy 20, 305 m
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<geoCoordinate degrees="38.9881" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="38.9881">38.9881°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="122.54" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-122.54">122.54°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 5.viii.2010. DRM 10.090. K.W. Will & D.R. Maddison", "David R. Maddison DNA5681 DNA Voucher" [pale green paper], "NEOTYPE
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidium haplogonum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haplogonum">Bembidium haplogonum</taxonomicName>
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Chaudoir designated D.R. Maddison" [partly handwritten, on white paper, bordered by red lines]. Genitalia mounted in Euparal in between coverslips pinned with specimen; extracted DNA stored separately. GenBank accession numbers for DNA sequences of the neotype are MW151478, MW151506, and MW151563. Details about the choice of neotype are provided below.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1918" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion acomanum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acomanum">Bembidion acomanum</taxonomicName>
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Casey, 1918: 59. Lectotype female, designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Lindroth, CH" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="109 - 147" refId="B23" refString="Lindroth, CH, 1975. Designation of holotypes and lectotypes among ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) described by Thomas L. Casey. The Coleopterists Bulletin 29: 109 - 147" title="Designation of holotypes and lectotypes among ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) described by Thomas L. Casey." volume="29" year="1975">Lindroth (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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, in USNM (type number 36916), examined. Type locality Jemez Springs, New Mexico (
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<bibRefCitation author="Lindroth, CH" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="109 - 147" refId="B23" refString="Lindroth, CH, 1975. Designation of holotypes and lectotypes among ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) described by Thomas L. Casey. The Coleopterists Bulletin 29: 109 - 147" title="Designation of holotypes and lectotypes among ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) described by Thomas L. Casey." volume="29" year="1975">Lindroth 1975</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1918" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion excursum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excursum">Bembidion excursum</taxonomicName>
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Casey, 1918: 59. Holotype female, in USNM (type number 36915), examined. Type locality Tucson, Arizona.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion tuolumne" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuolumne">Bembidion tuolumne</taxonomicName>
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Casey, 1924:30. Lectotype male, designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Lindroth, CH" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="109 - 147" refId="B23" refString="Lindroth, CH, 1975. Designation of holotypes and lectotypes among ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) described by Thomas L. Casey. The Coleopterists Bulletin 29: 109 - 147" title="Designation of holotypes and lectotypes among ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) described by Thomas L. Casey." volume="29" year="1975">Lindroth (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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, in USNM (type number 36917), external structure and aedeagus examined. In
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" author="Maddison, DR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="15 - 31" refId="B37" refString="Maddison, DR, Swanson, AP, 2010. A preliminary characterization of Bembidion perspicuum LeConte, with a reclassification of related species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) north of Mexico. ZooKeys 43: 15 - 31, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" title="A preliminary characterization of Bembidion perspicuum LeConte, with a reclassification of related species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) north of Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" volume="43" year="2010">Maddison and Swanson (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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, this was treated as tentatively a synonym of
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<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. transversale" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="transversale">B. transversale</taxonomicName>
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. Further examination of the lectotype, including of its genitalia, reveal that this is a specimen of
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<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="perspicuum">B. perspicuum</taxonomicName>
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. Type locality Tuolumne, California.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="designation of a neotype for bembidium haplogonum chaudoir">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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Designation of a neotype for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidium haplogonum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haplogonum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Bembidium haplogonum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Chaudoir.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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<bibRefCitation author="Lindroth, CH" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B22" refString="Lindroth, CH, 1963. The ground-beetles (Carabidae, excl. Cicindelinae) of Canada and Alaska. Part 3. Opuscula Entomologica Supplementum XXIV: 201-408." title="The ground-beetles (Carabidae, excl. Cicindelinae) of Canada and Alaska. Part 3. Opuscula Entomologica Supplementum XXIV: 201 - 408." year="1963">Lindroth (1963</bibRefCitation>
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: 341) could not find the original type series for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidium haplogonum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haplogonum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Bembidium haplogonum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Chaudoir in the MNHN. Thierry Deuve and David Kavanaugh have both searched for it, and could not find it in the Chaudoir collection, although other specimens were found that had been collected in California by Pierre Joseph Michel Lorquin. As the original type series is presumed lost, I here designate a neotype.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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<bibRefCitation author="Chaudoir, M" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B7" refString="Chaudoir, M, 1868. Observations synonymiques sur les Carabiques de l'Amerique septentrionale et descriptions d'especes nouvelles de ce pays. Revue et Magazin de Zoologie, Series 2, 20: 239-245." title="Observations synonymiques sur les Carabiques de l'Amerique septentrionale et descriptions d'especes nouvelles de ce pays. Revue et Magazin de Zoologie, Series 2, 20: 239 - 245." year="1868">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Chaudoir’s">Chaudoir's</normalizedToken>
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(1868)
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</bibRefCitation>
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description of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidium haplogonum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haplogonum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Bembidium haplogonum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is detailed enough to make determination of the species he was describing clear. In his description, the large size (8 mm) and absence of a carina near the hind angle of the prothorax could only apply (within California, the type locality) to a member of the
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<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. transversale" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="transversale">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. transversale</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group. The color pattern of the elytra ("
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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sur les
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<normalizedToken originalValue="élytres">elytres</normalizedToken>
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, une petite tache au milieu du bord
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<normalizedToken originalValue="antérieur">anterieur</normalizedToken>
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de chacune, et une bande transversale un peu
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<normalizedToken originalValue="arquée">arquee</normalizedToken>
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aux trois quarts,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’un">d'un</normalizedToken>
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jaune
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<normalizedToken originalValue="testacé">testace</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="pâle">pale</normalizedToken>
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, peu distinctes, surtout la tache basale
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</emphasis>
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", which translates to "on the elytra, a small spot on the front edge of each, and a slightly curved transverse band at three-quarters, of a pale testaceous yellow, indistinct, especially the basal spot") can only apply to some specimens of
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<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. erosum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="erosum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. erosum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. lugubre" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="lugubre">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. lugubre</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, or the northern, dark form of
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<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="perspicuum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. perspicuum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Adult males of Bembidion transversale subgroup members A B. transversale (voucher V 101454, Canada: Alberta: Burbank, junction of Red Deer and Blindman Rivers, 52.3542 ° N, 113.7556 ° W) B B. erosum (voucher V 101453, USA: California: Del Norte Co., Wilson Creek, 3 m, 41.6051 ° N, 124.1005 ° W). C B. corgenoma (voucher V 101452, from type locality) D B. perspicuum, light form (voucher V 101461, USA: Arizona: Cochise Co., San Pedro R at Charleston, 31.6239 ° N, 110.1722 ° W) E B. perspicuum, dark form (neotype of Bembidium haplogonum Chaudoir, USA: California: Lake Co., North Branch Cache Creek at hwy 20, 305 m 38.9881 ° N, 122.5400 ° W) F B. sarpedon (voucher V 101459, USA: Colorado: Las Animas Co., Cokedale, Reilly Canyon, 37.1346 ° N, 104.6114 ° W). Scale bar 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1007.60012.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492375" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">11E</figureCitation>
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), as the other species in California have the entire basal third to half of the elytra pale. The description of the appendages as having the first 3.5 antennomeres, palps, and legs all pale yellow eliminates
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<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. erosum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="erosum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. erosum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as the palps, femur, and antennomeres 2-11 are dark in California specimens of that species. I have seen no specimens of
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<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. lugubre" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="lugubre">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. lugubre</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with an isolated small spot on the front edge of each elytron; the only specimens that have a pale area in the basal half of the elytra have the entire sides and basal regions of the elytra a pale rufous, with a darker disc; this paler form of
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<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. lugubre" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="lugubre">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. lugubre</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs north of Los Angeles in California. The metallic coloration of the pronotum ("
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
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Le dessus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’un">d'un</normalizedToken>
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vert brillant un peu cuivreux
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</emphasis>
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") is characteristic of
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<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="perspicuum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. perspicuum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but not
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. lugubre" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="lugubre">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. lugubre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the latter has no metallic sheen in any specimens I have seen from California, and in only very few individuals elsewhere. The flatter prothorax with less rounded sides and a wider lateral gutter is also distinctive of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="perspicuum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. perspicuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
relative to all three other species from California (
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. erosum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="erosum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. erosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. lugubre" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="lugubre">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. lugubre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. corgenoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="corgenoma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. corgenoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), as is the distinctly punctured pronotal base ("
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||
distinctement
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="ponctué">ponctue</normalizedToken>
|
||
tout le long de la base
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
"). The large size (8 mm) is more characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="perspicuum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. perspicuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; I have seen no specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. corgenoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="corgenoma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. corgenoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
longer than 7.5 mm, but have seen specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="perspicuum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. perspicuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that are 7.9 mm in length, and specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="perspicuum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. perspicuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are, in general, larger than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. corgenoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="corgenoma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. corgenoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Finally, the virtual absence of the seventh elytral stria is characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="perspicuum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. perspicuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
relative to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. corgenoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="corgenoma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. corgenoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As Lorquin travelled extensively in areas where the dark form of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="perspicuum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. perspicuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Grinnell, F" journalOrPublisher="Entomological News" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="202 - 204" refId="B12" refString="Grinnell, F, 1904. An early collector in California. Entomological News 15: 202 - 204" title="An early collector in California." volume="15" year="1904">Grinnell 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), it is certainly reasonable that a specimen of that form could have been seen by Chaudoir.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||
My early interpretations of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chaudoir’s">Chaudoir's</normalizedToken>
|
||
descriptions were in error, and led me to believe that
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chaudoir’s">Chaudoir's</normalizedToken>
|
||
specimen was a member of what I here call
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maddison" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion corgenoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corgenoma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Bembidion corgenoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; that mistake led me to call the species studied in
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5260" author="Gustafson, GT" journalOrPublisher="Ecology and evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="6933 - 6948" refId="B13" refString="Gustafson, GT, Alexander, A, Sproul, JS, Pflug, JM, Maddison, DR, Short, AEZ, 2019. Ultraconserved element (UCE) probe set design: Base genome and initial design parameters critical for optimization. Ecology and evolution 9: 6933 - 6948, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5260" title="Ultraconserved element (UCE) probe set design: Base genome and initial design parameters critical for optimization." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5260" volume="9" year="2019">Gustafson et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidion haplogonum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haplogonum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Bembidion haplogonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As a correct reading of the original description shows that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bembidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembidium haplogonum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haplogonum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Bembidium haplogonum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the dark form of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="B. perspicuum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="perspicuum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B. perspicuum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, I have designated a specimen from northern California with a color pattern matching
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chaudoir’s">Chaudoir's</normalizedToken>
|
||
description as the neotype (shown in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Adult males of Bembidion transversale subgroup members A B. transversale (voucher V 101454, Canada: Alberta: Burbank, junction of Red Deer and Blindman Rivers, 52.3542 ° N, 113.7556 ° W) B B. erosum (voucher V 101453, USA: California: Del Norte Co., Wilson Creek, 3 m, 41.6051 ° N, 124.1005 ° W). C B. corgenoma (voucher V 101452, from type locality) D B. perspicuum, light form (voucher V 101461, USA: Arizona: Cochise Co., San Pedro R at Charleston, 31.6239 ° N, 110.1722 ° W) E B. perspicuum, dark form (neotype of Bembidium haplogonum Chaudoir, USA: California: Lake Co., North Branch Cache Creek at hwy 20, 305 m 38.9881 ° N, 122.5400 ° W) F B. sarpedon (voucher V 101459, USA: Colorado: Las Animas Co., Cokedale, Reilly Canyon, 37.1346 ° N, 104.6114 ° W). Scale bar 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1007.60012.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492375" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">11E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Diagnosis and geographic distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
|
||
Adults of this species are large, and have a pronotum that is flatter than in other members of the group, with less rounded sides, and with the basal region more evidently punctate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" author="Maddison, DR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="15 - 31" refId="B37" refString="Maddison, DR, Swanson, AP, 2010. A preliminary characterization of Bembidion perspicuum LeConte, with a reclassification of related species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) north of Mexico. ZooKeys 43: 15 - 31, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" title="A preliminary characterization of Bembidion perspicuum LeConte, with a reclassification of related species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) north of Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" volume="43" year="2010">Maddison and Swanson 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4). At least antennomeres 4-11 infuscated. Specimens from most areas are relatively pale (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Adult males of Bembidion transversale subgroup members A B. transversale (voucher V 101454, Canada: Alberta: Burbank, junction of Red Deer and Blindman Rivers, 52.3542 ° N, 113.7556 ° W) B B. erosum (voucher V 101453, USA: California: Del Norte Co., Wilson Creek, 3 m, 41.6051 ° N, 124.1005 ° W). C B. corgenoma (voucher V 101452, from type locality) D B. perspicuum, light form (voucher V 101461, USA: Arizona: Cochise Co., San Pedro R at Charleston, 31.6239 ° N, 110.1722 ° W) E B. perspicuum, dark form (neotype of Bembidium haplogonum Chaudoir, USA: California: Lake Co., North Branch Cache Creek at hwy 20, 305 m 38.9881 ° N, 122.5400 ° W) F B. sarpedon (voucher V 101459, USA: Colorado: Las Animas Co., Cokedale, Reilly Canyon, 37.1346 ° N, 104.6114 ° W). Scale bar 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1007.60012.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492375" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">11D</figureCitation>
|
||
), with the front half of the elytra pale, but specimens from northern California and Oregon are much darker (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Adult males of Bembidion transversale subgroup members A B. transversale (voucher V 101454, Canada: Alberta: Burbank, junction of Red Deer and Blindman Rivers, 52.3542 ° N, 113.7556 ° W) B B. erosum (voucher V 101453, USA: California: Del Norte Co., Wilson Creek, 3 m, 41.6051 ° N, 124.1005 ° W). C B. corgenoma (voucher V 101452, from type locality) D B. perspicuum, light form (voucher V 101461, USA: Arizona: Cochise Co., San Pedro R at Charleston, 31.6239 ° N, 110.1722 ° W) E B. perspicuum, dark form (neotype of Bembidium haplogonum Chaudoir, USA: California: Lake Co., North Branch Cache Creek at hwy 20, 305 m 38.9881 ° N, 122.5400 ° W) F B. sarpedon (voucher V 101459, USA: Colorado: Las Animas Co., Cokedale, Reilly Canyon, 37.1346 ° N, 104.6114 ° W). Scale bar 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1007.60012.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/492375" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">11E</figureCitation>
|
||
), with only elytral apices being pale. Aedeagal
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="characterс">characters</normalizedToken>
|
||
are described in
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" author="Maddison, DR" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="15 - 31" refId="B37" refString="Maddison, DR, Swanson, AP, 2010. A preliminary characterization of Bembidion perspicuum LeConte, with a reclassification of related species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) north of Mexico. ZooKeys 43: 15 - 31, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" title="A preliminary characterization of Bembidion perspicuum LeConte, with a reclassification of related species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) north of Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.43.390" volume="43" year="2010">Maddison and Swanson (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This species is known from Texas, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, California, and Oregon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |